The main problems of digital currency cross border payment
Publish: 2021-04-25 06:22:18
1. Legal risks faced by digital currency: (1) at the macro level, there are legal risks, systematic risks and consumer protection. At present, the legislative problems of e-commerce and e-payment have not been solved, the concept of e-currency and related provisions need to be clarified, and many laws and regulations have not been followed up. Secondly, there is a systemic risk caused by the collapse of a single issuing institution. If a certain issuing institution loses confidence in e-money e to its poor management, other e-money issuing institutions will also face run risk. Moreover, in the absence of standardized supervision, it is difficult for the public to effectively identify the qualification and credit level of issuers. How to effectively prompt risks and protect the rights and interests of the public has become a difficult problem. In addition, the concealment, rapidity and cross-border nature of Internet payment make e-money an inevitable money laundering tool for criminals 2 At the micro level, there are technical risks and credit risks in the main body of e-money issuance. The issuers of e-money in China include banks, non bank financial institutions, Internet enterprises and other enterprises. Due to the weak financial professional foundation of some issuers, especially the lack of mandatory technical security standards in China, there are serious management loopholes and security risks in e-money issuers. System software or hardware failures will affect the availability of e-money. Secondly, the unreasonable structure of assets and liabilities and high concentration of investment will lead to the lack of liquidity and the risk of default. In addition, the payment and circulation of e-money rely heavily on all kinds of networks, and there are all kinds of operational risks, such as deliberate embezzlement of other people's accounts, internal crimes of issuing institutions and malicious intrusion of hackers, which will damage the interests of e-money holders. bitcoin, Ruitai and other digital currencies are suitable.
2. 1 the framework of legal digital currency needs the participation of non bank payment institutions
there is no unified concept of legal digital currency. The Bank of England defines "digital currency" as "a payment method existing only by electronic means... Which can be used to purchase physical goods and services"... Including "private digital currency" and "digital currency issued by the central bank". Further than the Bank of England, Yao Qian, director of the digital currency Research Institute of the people's Bank of China, made clear the multiple connotations of the central bank's legal digital currency in several public speeches: legal and encrypted credit currency, adopted a series of algorithms, and derived more intelligent functions in the payment function
to this end, the central bank has designed a system architecture of "one currency, two warehouses and three centers", that is, taking digital currency as the center, designing the issuing library and deposit library, matching the certification center, big data analysis center and registration center. The central bank's digital currency is issued by the central bank and circulated in the commercial bank's account. The issuing inventory is put into the people's Bank of China to deposit the digital currency. The deposit bank is the database of the commercial bank to deposit the central bank's digital currency. The authentication center manages the identity of institutions and users in a centralized way; The registration center completes the whole life cycle and ownership registration of the central bank's digital currency; The big data analysis center achieves the goals of anti money laundering, anti terrorist financing, index detection and analysis
as an important node in the framework of legal digital currency, commercial banks play an important role in the circulation of central bank's digital currency. In the case that China's non bank payment institutions have occupied a certain market share, it is a better choice for non bank payment institutions to participate in the framework of digital currency operation as a supplement to commercial banks. The reasons are as follows: first, third-party payment institutions can help commercial banks realize the promotion of legal digital currency. Within commercial banks, there is a competitive relationship between legal digital currency and physical currency. The public tends to convert the digital currency in cash account into traditional currency in exchange for income, so it is difficult to achieve the goal of promoting digital currency by commercial banks; Second, the third-party payment institutions can avoid the repeated construction of payment application scenarios by commercial banks. Different from non bank payment institutions, the current payment scenarios of commercial banks are relatively lack of diversification, which will lead to a waste of resources and the rich experience accumulated by non bank payment institutions; Third, the third-party payment institutions can appropriately rece the operating costs of commercial banks. On the one hand, commercial banks need to upgrade the necessary software and hardware for the central bank's digital money service; On the other hand, we should continue to do a good job in traditional RMB deposit and withdrawal services. The simultaneous operation of the two systems will increase a lot of human and material costs. Fourth, the third-party payment institutions can promote the construction of payment instruments and channel integration of commercial banks. In the framework of legal digital currency, the single payment instruments and complex payment channels provided by commercial banks may rece the enthusiasm of the public to use legal digital currency
2 the emergence of legal digital currency reshapes the role of non bank payment institutions
in the process of cooperation with commercial banks, all kinds of non bank payment institutions play four roles. The first is the role of account manager. Non bank payment institutions can not operate deposit and loan business, and the amount in their payment account is not a deposit, so it is easier for the public to accept the role of non bank payment institutions as "digital wallet". At the same time, non bank payment institutions have rich experience in the development and operation of digital currency wallets and their terminals, which is concive to the smooth management and use of central bank's digital currency, and there is no need to worry about the risk of misappropriation of funds by non bank payment institutions. The second is the role of payment service provider. Non bank payment institutions have a lot of experience in scenario development and operation, including mobile payment, cross-border payment and rural payment, and relatively large market share of scenario based payment. On the one hand, powerful non bank payment institutions can develop a variety of procts based on Intelligent legal digital currency to meet the needs of users' exchange, payment, storage and related derivatives; On the other hand, non bank payment institutions can make use of various scenarios to promote the use of legal digital currency. For example, when consumers want to invest through the central bank's digital currency, non bank payment institutions, with the experience of traditional currency investment and payment services and upgraded digital wallet, can be fully competent as the special payment service provider of digital currency investment. Third, the role of system construction service provider. NPC, the core of national payment and settlement system, and CCPC, the core of provincial payment and settlement system, will continue to play an important role in the framework of legal digital currency. In the long-term coexistence of legal digital currency and traditional currency, NPC and CCPC will be double important nodes. Non bank payment institutions with strong technical ability can be used as secondary verification nodes under the framework of legal digital currency to supplement the multi center and distributed system architecture and continue to dock with NPC and CCPC
3 technical connection between non bank payment institutions and legal digital currency system
the innovation of non bank payment institutions is accompanied by the connection with legal digital currency system, covering the whole process of digital currency generation, storage, use and withdrawal. In this process, the first thing to solve is the docking of basic layer technology and transaction mole. The docking of basic layer technology is reflected in three aspects. First, in terms of basic security technology, non bank payment institutions, as providers of mobile terminal transaction forms, need to apply terminal security mole technology, dock with unified encryption and decryption system, provide carriers for secure storage and encryption and decryption operations, and provide effective basic security protection for digital currency. Secondly, in the aspect of data security technology, non bank payment institutions, as a part of the whole payment system, should adopt the official unified ciphertext + MAC / ciphertext + hash technology to transmit digital currency information, so as to ensure the confidentiality, security and non tamperability of the information. Thirdly, in the aspect of transaction security technology, non bank payment institutions, as the advanced nodes participating in bookkeeping, adopt blind signature technology to ensure the controllable anonymity of digital currency in the process of transaction, and eliminate the possibility of repeated payment through serial number, time stamp and other ways; And through encryption and decryption, digital signature, identity authentication and other anti-counterfeiting ways to ensure the authenticity of the transaction
when docking with the transaction mole, non bank payment institutions should do the following: first, docking with the certification center to obtain relevant digital certificates and user identity information; Second, connect with the trusted service management mole to obtain the use function of digital currency; Third, connect with the issuing system and storage system, and apply for and exchange digital currency through the bank treasury; Fourth, connect with the transaction communication mole to ensure that users can realize online payment through the transaction network in the intelligent terminal based on online transaction communication; Fifth, connect with the registration center, notify and record the flow of digital currency transactions, so as to complete the registration of the central bank's digital currency generation, circulation, checking and extinction process
4 scenario docking between non bank payment institutions and legal digital currency system
scenario docking of non bank payment institutions is based on the transformation of their own roles. Legal digital currency is algorithmic currency and intelligent currency, so business innovation and scenario expansion are the proper meaning of legal digital currency system. Non bank payment institutions can achieve scene docking mainly in four aspects
first, enabling the financial instry and defusing the limitations of financial scenario services. At present, there are some limitations in financial scenario service, such as business modeling is not universal, different agents have different management requirements, and the system docking cost of participants is high. Non bank payment institutions connect with the underlying technology of legal digital currency, and through the research and development of smart contract, establish behavior information such as capital flow, trigger conditions, value change rules, revenue right registration, and corresponding capital information (amount, account, currency, etc.) to resolve the existing limitations of financial scenario service. Non bank payment institutions use the atomic properties of digital currency and the atomic transactions of smart contracts to "assemble" into a business model. It does not need to develop a separate platform for different business scenarios, and avoids the monopoly of the instry platform and the non disclosure of information
Second, expand the use scenarios and improve the user experience. Non bank payment institutions can continue to expand the use scenarios according to the characteristics of legal digital currency on the basis of the existing rich payment scenarios, so as to meet the needs of users' exchange, payment, storage and related derivatives. At the same time, through the aggregation application, users can use the app of non bank payment institutions to dock a large number of scenarios and services
thirdly, improve the security of funds and create a universal digital wallet. Non bank payment institutions can provide digital wallet services, create digital wallets that meet security standards through their own technology, and ensure the security of users' funds. Alternative methods include: the central bank and non bank payment institutions cooperate to develop a unified universal digital wallet application, or authorize several qualified non bank payment institutions to provide universal digital wallet services. The digital wallet can realize the mutual exchange between the user's funds in various commercial banks and the legal digital currency even in the self owned accounts of non bank payment institutions. From the perspective of implementation, at the same time, the traditional account system of commercial banks can also bind the digital currency wallet of non bank payment institutions, so as to achieve the joint management of traditional accounts bound with digital currency wallet
Fourth, help cross-border settlement and build a safe and reliable cross time zone alliance chain. Non bank payment institutions can deeply participate in the cross-border payment system of legal digital currency. Cooperation with commercial banks and central banks can be achieved in at least two aspects. First, payment standards and tools are available. Non bank payment institutions participate in the research and establishment of standards and tools to realize the possibility of technical docking. Second, cross border payment system. The business system led by the central bank and participated by commercial banks and qualified non bank payment institutions will help to realize efficient cross-border payment
5 the legal framework of non bank payment institutions and legal digital currency is connected
a perfect legal system is an important guarantee for the operation of the digital currency system. There are several key questions to answer. First, how to determine the ownership of legal digital currency? This is the basis of all legal acts of legal digital currency. The first way of thinking is that legal digital currency is intangible. As a special movable property, it is applicable to the provisions of the property law. For example, Liu Xiangmin, director of the Department of articles and law of the people's Bank of China, believes that "to solve the problem of ownership transfer of digital currency, we should also focus on the publicity of ownership." The second idea is that digital currency is an electromagnetic record, which is applicable to the law of data transfer and transaction. The essence of digital currency is electromagnetic recording, and the transfer of electromagnetic recording content is recorded in the node of digital currency technology architecture. The change of node records is taken as the standard of ownership transfer. Second, how to protect personal information security? Personal information security is a basic problem in the era of digital economy. In addition to legislation to improve the level of technical security, we should also make clear the main types of legal digital currency system
there is no unified concept of legal digital currency. The Bank of England defines "digital currency" as "a payment method existing only by electronic means... Which can be used to purchase physical goods and services"... Including "private digital currency" and "digital currency issued by the central bank". Further than the Bank of England, Yao Qian, director of the digital currency Research Institute of the people's Bank of China, made clear the multiple connotations of the central bank's legal digital currency in several public speeches: legal and encrypted credit currency, adopted a series of algorithms, and derived more intelligent functions in the payment function
to this end, the central bank has designed a system architecture of "one currency, two warehouses and three centers", that is, taking digital currency as the center, designing the issuing library and deposit library, matching the certification center, big data analysis center and registration center. The central bank's digital currency is issued by the central bank and circulated in the commercial bank's account. The issuing inventory is put into the people's Bank of China to deposit the digital currency. The deposit bank is the database of the commercial bank to deposit the central bank's digital currency. The authentication center manages the identity of institutions and users in a centralized way; The registration center completes the whole life cycle and ownership registration of the central bank's digital currency; The big data analysis center achieves the goals of anti money laundering, anti terrorist financing, index detection and analysis
as an important node in the framework of legal digital currency, commercial banks play an important role in the circulation of central bank's digital currency. In the case that China's non bank payment institutions have occupied a certain market share, it is a better choice for non bank payment institutions to participate in the framework of digital currency operation as a supplement to commercial banks. The reasons are as follows: first, third-party payment institutions can help commercial banks realize the promotion of legal digital currency. Within commercial banks, there is a competitive relationship between legal digital currency and physical currency. The public tends to convert the digital currency in cash account into traditional currency in exchange for income, so it is difficult to achieve the goal of promoting digital currency by commercial banks; Second, the third-party payment institutions can avoid the repeated construction of payment application scenarios by commercial banks. Different from non bank payment institutions, the current payment scenarios of commercial banks are relatively lack of diversification, which will lead to a waste of resources and the rich experience accumulated by non bank payment institutions; Third, the third-party payment institutions can appropriately rece the operating costs of commercial banks. On the one hand, commercial banks need to upgrade the necessary software and hardware for the central bank's digital money service; On the other hand, we should continue to do a good job in traditional RMB deposit and withdrawal services. The simultaneous operation of the two systems will increase a lot of human and material costs. Fourth, the third-party payment institutions can promote the construction of payment instruments and channel integration of commercial banks. In the framework of legal digital currency, the single payment instruments and complex payment channels provided by commercial banks may rece the enthusiasm of the public to use legal digital currency
2 the emergence of legal digital currency reshapes the role of non bank payment institutions
in the process of cooperation with commercial banks, all kinds of non bank payment institutions play four roles. The first is the role of account manager. Non bank payment institutions can not operate deposit and loan business, and the amount in their payment account is not a deposit, so it is easier for the public to accept the role of non bank payment institutions as "digital wallet". At the same time, non bank payment institutions have rich experience in the development and operation of digital currency wallets and their terminals, which is concive to the smooth management and use of central bank's digital currency, and there is no need to worry about the risk of misappropriation of funds by non bank payment institutions. The second is the role of payment service provider. Non bank payment institutions have a lot of experience in scenario development and operation, including mobile payment, cross-border payment and rural payment, and relatively large market share of scenario based payment. On the one hand, powerful non bank payment institutions can develop a variety of procts based on Intelligent legal digital currency to meet the needs of users' exchange, payment, storage and related derivatives; On the other hand, non bank payment institutions can make use of various scenarios to promote the use of legal digital currency. For example, when consumers want to invest through the central bank's digital currency, non bank payment institutions, with the experience of traditional currency investment and payment services and upgraded digital wallet, can be fully competent as the special payment service provider of digital currency investment. Third, the role of system construction service provider. NPC, the core of national payment and settlement system, and CCPC, the core of provincial payment and settlement system, will continue to play an important role in the framework of legal digital currency. In the long-term coexistence of legal digital currency and traditional currency, NPC and CCPC will be double important nodes. Non bank payment institutions with strong technical ability can be used as secondary verification nodes under the framework of legal digital currency to supplement the multi center and distributed system architecture and continue to dock with NPC and CCPC
3 technical connection between non bank payment institutions and legal digital currency system
the innovation of non bank payment institutions is accompanied by the connection with legal digital currency system, covering the whole process of digital currency generation, storage, use and withdrawal. In this process, the first thing to solve is the docking of basic layer technology and transaction mole. The docking of basic layer technology is reflected in three aspects. First, in terms of basic security technology, non bank payment institutions, as providers of mobile terminal transaction forms, need to apply terminal security mole technology, dock with unified encryption and decryption system, provide carriers for secure storage and encryption and decryption operations, and provide effective basic security protection for digital currency. Secondly, in the aspect of data security technology, non bank payment institutions, as a part of the whole payment system, should adopt the official unified ciphertext + MAC / ciphertext + hash technology to transmit digital currency information, so as to ensure the confidentiality, security and non tamperability of the information. Thirdly, in the aspect of transaction security technology, non bank payment institutions, as the advanced nodes participating in bookkeeping, adopt blind signature technology to ensure the controllable anonymity of digital currency in the process of transaction, and eliminate the possibility of repeated payment through serial number, time stamp and other ways; And through encryption and decryption, digital signature, identity authentication and other anti-counterfeiting ways to ensure the authenticity of the transaction
when docking with the transaction mole, non bank payment institutions should do the following: first, docking with the certification center to obtain relevant digital certificates and user identity information; Second, connect with the trusted service management mole to obtain the use function of digital currency; Third, connect with the issuing system and storage system, and apply for and exchange digital currency through the bank treasury; Fourth, connect with the transaction communication mole to ensure that users can realize online payment through the transaction network in the intelligent terminal based on online transaction communication; Fifth, connect with the registration center, notify and record the flow of digital currency transactions, so as to complete the registration of the central bank's digital currency generation, circulation, checking and extinction process
4 scenario docking between non bank payment institutions and legal digital currency system
scenario docking of non bank payment institutions is based on the transformation of their own roles. Legal digital currency is algorithmic currency and intelligent currency, so business innovation and scenario expansion are the proper meaning of legal digital currency system. Non bank payment institutions can achieve scene docking mainly in four aspects
first, enabling the financial instry and defusing the limitations of financial scenario services. At present, there are some limitations in financial scenario service, such as business modeling is not universal, different agents have different management requirements, and the system docking cost of participants is high. Non bank payment institutions connect with the underlying technology of legal digital currency, and through the research and development of smart contract, establish behavior information such as capital flow, trigger conditions, value change rules, revenue right registration, and corresponding capital information (amount, account, currency, etc.) to resolve the existing limitations of financial scenario service. Non bank payment institutions use the atomic properties of digital currency and the atomic transactions of smart contracts to "assemble" into a business model. It does not need to develop a separate platform for different business scenarios, and avoids the monopoly of the instry platform and the non disclosure of information
Second, expand the use scenarios and improve the user experience. Non bank payment institutions can continue to expand the use scenarios according to the characteristics of legal digital currency on the basis of the existing rich payment scenarios, so as to meet the needs of users' exchange, payment, storage and related derivatives. At the same time, through the aggregation application, users can use the app of non bank payment institutions to dock a large number of scenarios and services
thirdly, improve the security of funds and create a universal digital wallet. Non bank payment institutions can provide digital wallet services, create digital wallets that meet security standards through their own technology, and ensure the security of users' funds. Alternative methods include: the central bank and non bank payment institutions cooperate to develop a unified universal digital wallet application, or authorize several qualified non bank payment institutions to provide universal digital wallet services. The digital wallet can realize the mutual exchange between the user's funds in various commercial banks and the legal digital currency even in the self owned accounts of non bank payment institutions. From the perspective of implementation, at the same time, the traditional account system of commercial banks can also bind the digital currency wallet of non bank payment institutions, so as to achieve the joint management of traditional accounts bound with digital currency wallet
Fourth, help cross-border settlement and build a safe and reliable cross time zone alliance chain. Non bank payment institutions can deeply participate in the cross-border payment system of legal digital currency. Cooperation with commercial banks and central banks can be achieved in at least two aspects. First, payment standards and tools are available. Non bank payment institutions participate in the research and establishment of standards and tools to realize the possibility of technical docking. Second, cross border payment system. The business system led by the central bank and participated by commercial banks and qualified non bank payment institutions will help to realize efficient cross-border payment
5 the legal framework of non bank payment institutions and legal digital currency is connected
a perfect legal system is an important guarantee for the operation of the digital currency system. There are several key questions to answer. First, how to determine the ownership of legal digital currency? This is the basis of all legal acts of legal digital currency. The first way of thinking is that legal digital currency is intangible. As a special movable property, it is applicable to the provisions of the property law. For example, Liu Xiangmin, director of the Department of articles and law of the people's Bank of China, believes that "to solve the problem of ownership transfer of digital currency, we should also focus on the publicity of ownership." The second idea is that digital currency is an electromagnetic record, which is applicable to the law of data transfer and transaction. The essence of digital currency is electromagnetic recording, and the transfer of electromagnetic recording content is recorded in the node of digital currency technology architecture. The change of node records is taken as the standard of ownership transfer. Second, how to protect personal information security? Personal information security is a basic problem in the era of digital economy. In addition to legislation to improve the level of technical security, we should also make clear the main types of legal digital currency system
3.
With the rapid development of cross-border settlement of digital RMB, digital currency will become more and more convenient in the future
With the development of science and technology, network technology has been applied to many fields. The payment methods of WeChat and Alipay are more and more convenient and convenient. In terms of cross-border settlement, the speed has also achieved rapid progress and development. I believe that in the future development, our RMB payment will appear more technology, bring more convenience to people's lives. In some places, face brushing payment has been realized when paying. When paying, there is no need to enter the password and verification, and the payment is directly made by face, which can be faster when consumers pay the bill{ RRRRR}the development of science and technology has driven the development of many fields. I believe that with the development of science and technology, our digital RMB will make greater breakthroughs and progress in application, and bring more convenience to people's lives
4. 哪一类的啊
我这是自我介绍的
My name is __名字___.I`m a 性别 I am graate from __国家___ seniorhigh school and major in _班级___. There are ___家人数量___ people in my family. My father works in a computer company. And my mother is a housewife. I am the youngest one in my family.
我这是自我介绍的
My name is __名字___.I`m a 性别 I am graate from __国家___ seniorhigh school and major in _班级___. There are ___家人数量___ people in my family. My father works in a computer company. And my mother is a housewife. I am the youngest one in my family.
5.
1、 Cross border payment under the mode of free trade zone. Accordingly, the technical solution of cross-border payment can transform the electronic payment method commonly used by Chinese consumers
in the bonded zone mode, foreign goods enter the bonded zone first, and are stored in the bonded zone of China after customs declaration. When Chinese consumers place orders, they will be delivered directly from the bonded zone through the domestic logistics system. After the orders are generated, the relevant "trading information, payment information, and logistics information" will be reported to the customs system for record (the so-called three in one), and after the customs verifies that they are correct, Will release the shipment "cross border payment precautions"
Second, cross border payment under the mode of overseas direct mailcompared with the bonded zone mode, overseas direct mail is in the form of personal package, which needs to pay 5% - 10% tax, which can ensure the richness of commodity categories, but it involves many links, such as overseas warehousing, receiving and packing, transnational transportation, customs clearance, domestic distribution, etc., without strong control, it is difficult to have advantages in time and freight
website has no Chinese domain name and ICP record, and the server is hosting overseas. How can the electricity supplier's business in this case complete cross-border payment? Grandpa:
three. p>
such companies often send goods by post, and the payment information does not need to be confirmed by China Customs when consumers place an order
one solution is for overseas companies to find an intermediary agent with an entity in China to collect money in the name of the agent company, and the intermediary will charge a certain percentage of service fee. Because the servers of overseas e-commerce companies are not in China, they bear certain risks for agent companies
another solution is to use Alipay international or WeChat to pay overseas version. Overseas companies withdraw fees for 2%-3.9%, and often delay in arrival. Changes in exchange rate also affect grandpa's earnings. p> 4. Payment solution for import cross border trade is different from the above three situations. Some companies may have registered entities in China, but for various reasons, they do not use bonded mode or overseas direct mail, but use postal service, that is, when we import trade in the general sense, The choice of payment method can be made in China
the disadvantage may be that the tax rate is relatively high, but compared with the time cost of applying for a certificate, the fast shipping method is to use postal clearance, pay the tax rate, and then use the domestic payment method
Yinsheng payment can provide customs declaration business for cross-border companies, use years of service instry experience, customize payment solutions, and have a senior team for technical maintenance, so as to avoid worries. Based on Yinsheng intelligent platform and multiple security measures, the operation index is safe and stable, so that cross-border payment is no longer a problem for you, Help you achieve greater business success—— Cross border know
6. virtual currency has become a settlement method of the Internet of things in the future,
it solves the settlement and settlement problems of cross-border trade in the largest scope, so it is bound to become a trend
but it is not the same as the legal tender of each country,
because the settlement and settlement of any kind of virtual currency must be based on various legal tender
so it is impossible to worry that any virtual currency will dominate the global currency and replace the central bank<
the legal tender of various countries has only changed its existing mode, from a string of numbers and passwords, and then virtual currency can solve the problem of low efficiency circulation to high efficiency circulation
then why do so many people speculate in virtual currency
first of all, virtual currency is a limited issue. When a certain virtual currency becomes more and more mobile, the demand will be greater and greater. It is bound to cause many people to scramble and naturally bring opportunities for speculation. Therefore, a new opportunity, virtual currency, will emerge
it is also mentioned above that only circulation can be valuable and make people have a steady stream of income, so the key lies in circulation
let's take a look at the barter point of MBI
it solves the settlement and settlement problems of cross-border trade in the largest scope, so it is bound to become a trend
but it is not the same as the legal tender of each country,
because the settlement and settlement of any kind of virtual currency must be based on various legal tender
so it is impossible to worry that any virtual currency will dominate the global currency and replace the central bank<
the legal tender of various countries has only changed its existing mode, from a string of numbers and passwords, and then virtual currency can solve the problem of low efficiency circulation to high efficiency circulation
then why do so many people speculate in virtual currency
first of all, virtual currency is a limited issue. When a certain virtual currency becomes more and more mobile, the demand will be greater and greater. It is bound to cause many people to scramble and naturally bring opportunities for speculation. Therefore, a new opportunity, virtual currency, will emerge
it is also mentioned above that only circulation can be valuable and make people have a steady stream of income, so the key lies in circulation
let's take a look at the barter point of MBI
7. 1 telegraphic transfer
fees:
each party shall bear the local bank fees. The buyer's Bank will charge a service charge, which will be borne by the buyer; Some banks of the seller's company will also charge a service charge, which is borne by the seller. According to the actual rate of the bank
advantages:
collection is fast, and it will arrive in a few minutes<
payment before delivery, to ensure that the interests of businesses will not be lost
disadvantages:
payment before delivery, foreigners are prone to distrust
small customer groups, limit the business transaction volume
large amount, high handling charges
scope of application:
telegraphic transfer is the traditional B2B payment mode, suitable for large transaction payment
2 Western Union
Western Union remittance is the abbreviation of Western Union international remittance company, which is the world's leading express remittance company. It can remit and withdraw money in most countries of the world. The service charge of Western Union is borne by the buyer. The buyer and the seller need to go to the local bank for field operation. Western Union in the seller did not receive the withdrawal money, the buyer can withdraw the funds paid back at any time
fees:
the handling fee of Western Union is borne by the buyer. The buyer and the seller need to go to the local bank for field operation. Western Union in the seller did not receive money, the buyer can pay back the funds withdrawn
advantages:
the service charge is borne by the buyer. For the seller, the most cost-effective, can first raise money and then delivery, good security. It's fast to get to the account< Disadvantages:
e to the high risk to the buyer, the buyer is not easy to accept. Buyers and sellers need to go to the offline counter of Western Union. The service charge is higher
scope of application: micropayments under US $10000
3moneygram
suhuijin remittance is a fast, simple, reliable and convenient international remittance method launched by money gram company. At present, the company has more than 50000 agency outlets in 150 countries and regions around the world. The payee can collect money by the number provided by the remitter
rate:
remittance amount
handling charge
less than US $400
US $10
US $400-500
US $12
US $500-2000
US $15
US $2000-5000
US $25
US $5000-10000
US $33
the maximum remittance amount of a single quick remittance shall not exceed US $10000 (exclusive), The maximum amount of express money remitted by each remitter per day is US $20000 (exclusive)
advantages:
suhuijin remittance can reach the payee within ten minutes after remittance
within a certain amount of remittance, the cost of remittance is relatively low, without intermediary bank fee and telegraph fee
the procere is simple, the remitter does not need to choose a complicated remittance path, and the payee does not need to open a bank account in advance to realize fund transfer< Disadvantages:
both the remitter and the payee must be indivials
you must remit money overseas
if you remit money overseas through our express remittance fund, you must comply with the relevant provisions of the State Administration of foreign exchange for indivial foreign exchange remittance
If a customer remits money from a cash account, he / she also needs to pay a certain handling charge for changing money into foreign exchange. At present, ICBC, BOCOM and China CITIC Bank are acting as the agents for the collection and payment service of suhuijin in China<
4paypal
rate: 2.9% ~ 3.9%
fee:
no account opening fee and usage fee
0.3 $bank system occupancy fee for each withdrawal
35 $for each withdrawal
If 0.5% cross-border fee is charged for each cross-border transaction
advantages:
the international payment channel meets the payment habits of some customers in some regions
the transaction mode between accounts can be bought or sold, Both sides have
eBay of the United States, which has a high international reputation and is especially trusted by American users<
disadvantages:
the interests of consumers (buyers) of PayPal users are greater than those of sellers (merchants) of PayPal users, and the rights of both parties are unbalanced
telegraphic transfer fees, and transaction processing fees need to be paid in addition to handling fees for each transaction
accounts are easy to be frozen, and the interests of merchants are damaged. Many foreign trade friends have encountered
scope of application:
cross border e-commerce retail instry, Small transactions worth tens to hundreds of dollars are more cost-effective
5cashpay
rate: 2.5%
fee:
no account opening fee and usage fee
no cash withdrawal service charge and surcharge
advantages:
speed up payment (2-3 days), fast settlement
support mall shopping cart channel integration
provide more choice of payment gateway, support cash withdrawal in your preferred currency
disadvantages:
just entered the Chinese market, Domestic reputation is not high
Security:
there is a special risk control and fraud prevention system cashshield, and once there is fraud, 100% compensation will be made. Rece the refund rate, focus on customer profitability, data more secure
features:
safe, fast, reasonable rate, pcidss specification, is a multi-channel integrated payment gateway
6monerbookers
fee:
upload funds from the bank is free
upload funds from the credit card: 3%
send money: 1% (until 0.50)
withdraw money from the bank: fixed fee: 1.80
withdraw money by check: fixed fee: 3.50
advantage:
security, because e-mail is the payment mark, The payer will no longer need to expose personal information such as credit cards.
customers must activate authentication before they can conct transactions.
you only need the payee's e-mail address to send money to him.
you can collect and pay in real time through the network.
disadvantages:
multiple accounts are not allowed, and a customer can only register one account.
at present, minors are not supported to register, You need to be 18 years old before you can
Security:
when you log in, you use deformed numbers as login proceres to prevent the automatic login program from attacking your account
only supports the instry standard of high security - 128 bit encryption
7payoner
payoner is an online payment company headquartered in New York. Its main business is to help its partners distribute funds to the world. At the same time, it also provides bank of America / European bank collection accounts for global customers to receive trade funds from European and American e-commerce platforms and enterprises
advantages:
convenient, Chinese ID card can complete online registration of payoner account, and automatically bind bank accounts in the United States and Europe. Compliance: receive remittances from European and American companies like European and American companies, and complete online foreign exchange declaration and settlement through the cooperation between payoner and Chinese payment companies. Cheap, wire transfer set a single capped price, RMB settlement up to 2%
applicable crowd:
cross border e-commerce websites or sellers with small amount of single fund but wide customer base
8 credit card collection
the cross-border e-commerce website can open the port to receive credit card payment from overseas banks by cooperating with visa, MasterCard and other international credit card organizations, or directly with overseas banks
advantages:
the most popular payment method in Europe and the United States, credit card users are very large
disadvantages:
the access mode is troublesome, the deposit is required, the charge is high, and the payment amount is small. Black card spread, there is a risk of non payment
scope of application:
cross border e-commerce retail platform and independent B2C< At present, visa, MasterCard, americaexpress,
JCB and Diners Club are the top five credit card brands in the world, among which the first two are widely used
9 Hong Kong offshore company bank account
the seller receives the remittance from overseas buyers by opening an offshore bank account in Hong Kong, and then remits it from the Hong Kong account to the mainland account
advantages:
there is no limit on the amount of wire transfer, and it does not need to be limited by the annual amount of US $50000 like the mainland banks. Different currencies are directly convertible< Disadvantages:
money in Hong Kong bank accounts still needs to be transferred to mainland accounts, which is more troublesome. Some customers choose underground banks because of capital risk and legal risk
scope of application:
both traditional foreign trade and cross-border e-commerce are suitable for sellers with certain transaction scale
10clickandbuy
ClickandBuy is an independent third-party payment company. After receiving the remittance confirmation from ClickandBuy, the money will be paid into the customer's account within 3-4 working days. The minimum deposit is $100 per visit and the maximum is $10000 per day. If the customer chooses to remit money through ClickandBuy, they can withdraw money through ClickandBuy. The broker reserves the right to choose to refund through ClickandBuy
11paysafecard
Paysafecard is a kind of bank draft, which mainly provides convenient chips for players living in Germany or Austria to buy euro. The purchase procere is simple and safe. Paysafecards can be used in newsstands and gas stations in most countries. When paying for online shopping, the user enters a 16 digit number and the tender is the amount dected from the balance of the bank draft. For larger amounts, it is possible to merge up to ten Paysafecard pins
12webmoney
an online e-commerce payment system developed by WEBMONEY transfer technology, which was founded in 1998. WEBMONEY transfer technology is based on providing a unique interface for all users. It allows to operate and control personal assets and store them in a special entity insurer. WEBMONEY is the most mainstream electronic payment method in Russia, Russia's major banks can recharge and withdraw money independently
13cashu
cashu has been affiliated to the Arab portal maktoob since 2002 (Yahoo completed the acquisition of maktoob in 2009), which is mainly used for payment of online games, VoIP technology, telecommunications, it services and foreign exchange transactions. Cashu allows you to pay in any currency, but the account will always show your funds in dollars. Cashu has been widely used by Internet users in the Middle East and CIS, and is one of the most widely used electronic payment methods in the Middle East and North Africa
14liqpay
liqpay is a micro payment system. There are no restrictions on the minimum amount and the number of payment transactions and they are executed immediately. To make a payment, liqpay uses the customer's mobile phone number as its identification. With a one-time payment of no more than $2500, you can trade as many transactions as you can in one day. Account deposits are US dollars, so if you deposit another currency, it will be converted according to LiqPAY internal exchange rate
15Qiwi wallet
Qiwi wallet is Russia's largest third party payment tool, and its service is similar to Alipay. Qiwi wallet electronic payment system was launched in Russia at the end of 2007. The system enables customers to pay water and electricity bills, mobile phone bills, online shopping, purchasing and bank loans quickly and conveniently
16neteller
NETELLER (online payment or e-wallet) is the leader of online payment solutions. It's free. Millions of members around the world choose NETELLER's online transfer service. You can think of it as an electronic wallet, or a payment tool
finally, there are two types of cross-border payment: one is online payment, including electronic account payment and international credit card payment, which is suitable for small retail amount; Second, the bank remittance mode is suitable for large amount of money. Credit card and paypal are widely used at present. Other payment methods can be used as auxiliary means of collection, especially WEBMONEY, qiwi wallet and cashu, which play an indispensable role in the trade of Russia, the Middle East and North Africa.
fees:
each party shall bear the local bank fees. The buyer's Bank will charge a service charge, which will be borne by the buyer; Some banks of the seller's company will also charge a service charge, which is borne by the seller. According to the actual rate of the bank
advantages:
collection is fast, and it will arrive in a few minutes<
payment before delivery, to ensure that the interests of businesses will not be lost
disadvantages:
payment before delivery, foreigners are prone to distrust
small customer groups, limit the business transaction volume
large amount, high handling charges
scope of application:
telegraphic transfer is the traditional B2B payment mode, suitable for large transaction payment
2 Western Union
Western Union remittance is the abbreviation of Western Union international remittance company, which is the world's leading express remittance company. It can remit and withdraw money in most countries of the world. The service charge of Western Union is borne by the buyer. The buyer and the seller need to go to the local bank for field operation. Western Union in the seller did not receive the withdrawal money, the buyer can withdraw the funds paid back at any time
fees:
the handling fee of Western Union is borne by the buyer. The buyer and the seller need to go to the local bank for field operation. Western Union in the seller did not receive money, the buyer can pay back the funds withdrawn
advantages:
the service charge is borne by the buyer. For the seller, the most cost-effective, can first raise money and then delivery, good security. It's fast to get to the account< Disadvantages:
e to the high risk to the buyer, the buyer is not easy to accept. Buyers and sellers need to go to the offline counter of Western Union. The service charge is higher
scope of application: micropayments under US $10000
3moneygram
suhuijin remittance is a fast, simple, reliable and convenient international remittance method launched by money gram company. At present, the company has more than 50000 agency outlets in 150 countries and regions around the world. The payee can collect money by the number provided by the remitter
rate:
remittance amount
handling charge
less than US $400
US $10
US $400-500
US $12
US $500-2000
US $15
US $2000-5000
US $25
US $5000-10000
US $33
the maximum remittance amount of a single quick remittance shall not exceed US $10000 (exclusive), The maximum amount of express money remitted by each remitter per day is US $20000 (exclusive)
advantages:
suhuijin remittance can reach the payee within ten minutes after remittance
within a certain amount of remittance, the cost of remittance is relatively low, without intermediary bank fee and telegraph fee
the procere is simple, the remitter does not need to choose a complicated remittance path, and the payee does not need to open a bank account in advance to realize fund transfer< Disadvantages:
both the remitter and the payee must be indivials
you must remit money overseas
if you remit money overseas through our express remittance fund, you must comply with the relevant provisions of the State Administration of foreign exchange for indivial foreign exchange remittance
If a customer remits money from a cash account, he / she also needs to pay a certain handling charge for changing money into foreign exchange. At present, ICBC, BOCOM and China CITIC Bank are acting as the agents for the collection and payment service of suhuijin in China<
4paypal
rate: 2.9% ~ 3.9%
fee:
no account opening fee and usage fee
0.3 $bank system occupancy fee for each withdrawal
35 $for each withdrawal
If 0.5% cross-border fee is charged for each cross-border transaction
advantages:
the international payment channel meets the payment habits of some customers in some regions
the transaction mode between accounts can be bought or sold, Both sides have
eBay of the United States, which has a high international reputation and is especially trusted by American users<
disadvantages:
the interests of consumers (buyers) of PayPal users are greater than those of sellers (merchants) of PayPal users, and the rights of both parties are unbalanced
telegraphic transfer fees, and transaction processing fees need to be paid in addition to handling fees for each transaction
accounts are easy to be frozen, and the interests of merchants are damaged. Many foreign trade friends have encountered
scope of application:
cross border e-commerce retail instry, Small transactions worth tens to hundreds of dollars are more cost-effective
5cashpay
rate: 2.5%
fee:
no account opening fee and usage fee
no cash withdrawal service charge and surcharge
advantages:
speed up payment (2-3 days), fast settlement
support mall shopping cart channel integration
provide more choice of payment gateway, support cash withdrawal in your preferred currency
disadvantages:
just entered the Chinese market, Domestic reputation is not high
Security:
there is a special risk control and fraud prevention system cashshield, and once there is fraud, 100% compensation will be made. Rece the refund rate, focus on customer profitability, data more secure
features:
safe, fast, reasonable rate, pcidss specification, is a multi-channel integrated payment gateway
6monerbookers
fee:
upload funds from the bank is free
upload funds from the credit card: 3%
send money: 1% (until 0.50)
withdraw money from the bank: fixed fee: 1.80
withdraw money by check: fixed fee: 3.50
advantage:
security, because e-mail is the payment mark, The payer will no longer need to expose personal information such as credit cards.
customers must activate authentication before they can conct transactions.
you only need the payee's e-mail address to send money to him.
you can collect and pay in real time through the network.
disadvantages:
multiple accounts are not allowed, and a customer can only register one account.
at present, minors are not supported to register, You need to be 18 years old before you can
Security:
when you log in, you use deformed numbers as login proceres to prevent the automatic login program from attacking your account
only supports the instry standard of high security - 128 bit encryption
7payoner
payoner is an online payment company headquartered in New York. Its main business is to help its partners distribute funds to the world. At the same time, it also provides bank of America / European bank collection accounts for global customers to receive trade funds from European and American e-commerce platforms and enterprises
advantages:
convenient, Chinese ID card can complete online registration of payoner account, and automatically bind bank accounts in the United States and Europe. Compliance: receive remittances from European and American companies like European and American companies, and complete online foreign exchange declaration and settlement through the cooperation between payoner and Chinese payment companies. Cheap, wire transfer set a single capped price, RMB settlement up to 2%
applicable crowd:
cross border e-commerce websites or sellers with small amount of single fund but wide customer base
8 credit card collection
the cross-border e-commerce website can open the port to receive credit card payment from overseas banks by cooperating with visa, MasterCard and other international credit card organizations, or directly with overseas banks
advantages:
the most popular payment method in Europe and the United States, credit card users are very large
disadvantages:
the access mode is troublesome, the deposit is required, the charge is high, and the payment amount is small. Black card spread, there is a risk of non payment
scope of application:
cross border e-commerce retail platform and independent B2C< At present, visa, MasterCard, americaexpress,
JCB and Diners Club are the top five credit card brands in the world, among which the first two are widely used
9 Hong Kong offshore company bank account
the seller receives the remittance from overseas buyers by opening an offshore bank account in Hong Kong, and then remits it from the Hong Kong account to the mainland account
advantages:
there is no limit on the amount of wire transfer, and it does not need to be limited by the annual amount of US $50000 like the mainland banks. Different currencies are directly convertible< Disadvantages:
money in Hong Kong bank accounts still needs to be transferred to mainland accounts, which is more troublesome. Some customers choose underground banks because of capital risk and legal risk
scope of application:
both traditional foreign trade and cross-border e-commerce are suitable for sellers with certain transaction scale
10clickandbuy
ClickandBuy is an independent third-party payment company. After receiving the remittance confirmation from ClickandBuy, the money will be paid into the customer's account within 3-4 working days. The minimum deposit is $100 per visit and the maximum is $10000 per day. If the customer chooses to remit money through ClickandBuy, they can withdraw money through ClickandBuy. The broker reserves the right to choose to refund through ClickandBuy
11paysafecard
Paysafecard is a kind of bank draft, which mainly provides convenient chips for players living in Germany or Austria to buy euro. The purchase procere is simple and safe. Paysafecards can be used in newsstands and gas stations in most countries. When paying for online shopping, the user enters a 16 digit number and the tender is the amount dected from the balance of the bank draft. For larger amounts, it is possible to merge up to ten Paysafecard pins
12webmoney
an online e-commerce payment system developed by WEBMONEY transfer technology, which was founded in 1998. WEBMONEY transfer technology is based on providing a unique interface for all users. It allows to operate and control personal assets and store them in a special entity insurer. WEBMONEY is the most mainstream electronic payment method in Russia, Russia's major banks can recharge and withdraw money independently
13cashu
cashu has been affiliated to the Arab portal maktoob since 2002 (Yahoo completed the acquisition of maktoob in 2009), which is mainly used for payment of online games, VoIP technology, telecommunications, it services and foreign exchange transactions. Cashu allows you to pay in any currency, but the account will always show your funds in dollars. Cashu has been widely used by Internet users in the Middle East and CIS, and is one of the most widely used electronic payment methods in the Middle East and North Africa
14liqpay
liqpay is a micro payment system. There are no restrictions on the minimum amount and the number of payment transactions and they are executed immediately. To make a payment, liqpay uses the customer's mobile phone number as its identification. With a one-time payment of no more than $2500, you can trade as many transactions as you can in one day. Account deposits are US dollars, so if you deposit another currency, it will be converted according to LiqPAY internal exchange rate
15Qiwi wallet
Qiwi wallet is Russia's largest third party payment tool, and its service is similar to Alipay. Qiwi wallet electronic payment system was launched in Russia at the end of 2007. The system enables customers to pay water and electricity bills, mobile phone bills, online shopping, purchasing and bank loans quickly and conveniently
16neteller
NETELLER (online payment or e-wallet) is the leader of online payment solutions. It's free. Millions of members around the world choose NETELLER's online transfer service. You can think of it as an electronic wallet, or a payment tool
finally, there are two types of cross-border payment: one is online payment, including electronic account payment and international credit card payment, which is suitable for small retail amount; Second, the bank remittance mode is suitable for large amount of money. Credit card and paypal are widely used at present. Other payment methods can be used as auxiliary means of collection, especially WEBMONEY, qiwi wallet and cashu, which play an indispensable role in the trade of Russia, the Middle East and North Africa.
8.
The rise of the Internet has not only changed people's lives, but also greatly changed our way of payment, which greatly facilitates our lives. This time, Zhou Xiaochuan, vice chairman of the Boao Forum for Asia and former president of the people's Bank of China, was at the Boao Forum for Asia & lt; Digital payment and digital currency; On the sub forum, the topic of digital currency was mentioned, which also showed the country's attitude towards digital currency
What are the difficulties in cross-border payment of digital currency
e to the exchange rate difference between the currencies of various countries, especially the massive issuance of US dollar by the United States, many countries have lost a lot. However, if digital currency is used for cross-border payment, there will be no such problem. However, the original intention of digital currency is not cross-border payment, but to facilitate China's retail instry. Many people see that digital currency is so convenient in China, so it can be applied to cross-border payment. However, cross-border payment is not so simple, because exchange rate and currency stability need to be considered, and even some countries have certain control over foreign exchange. Therefore, the road of cross-border payment of digital currency is still very long, and these problems can not be solved at present, So the difficulty is great
9. Compress, start the game, set Java, open, tune to miscellaneous, put monsters out to see them tearing each other~
10. Haina coin has changed its name to C coin. It has been on NetEase Finance and should be paid for publishing. There is no innovation in this currency. It seems to be split currency. This currency has no application value. It is pure hype. Investment in this currency is not recommended. This kind of currency should be kept away as far as possible. It is naturally different from bitcoin, Leyte coin, Ruitai coin, Qianjin card, doggy coin, which have application scenario planning.
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