The central bank's own digital currency

1.

As of September 2019, the central bank's digital currency has not been issued

the development history of the central bank's digital currency is as follows

in 2014, the Central Bank of China set up a special research team to conct in-depth research on the framework of digital currency issuance and business operation, key technologies of digital currency, issuance and circulation environment, and legal issues faced

in January 2017, the central bank officially established the digital currency Research Institute in Shenzhen

in September 2018, the Institute of digital currency built a trade finance blockchain platform

On July 8, 2019, at the launching ceremony of the digital finance open research program and the first academic seminar, Wang Xin, director of the Research Bureau of the people's Bank of China, disclosed that the State Council has officially approved the research and development of the central bank's digital currency, and the central bank is engaged in corresponding work in organizing market institutions

on August 2, 2019, the central bank said at the second half of 2019 work video conference that it would speed up the research and development of legal digital currency

on August 10, 2019, Mu Changchun, deputy director of the payment and Settlement Department of the central bank, said at the Yichun forum of 40 people of China finance that "the central bank's digital currency can be said to be ready"

on August 18, 2019, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued their opinions on supporting Shenzhen to build a leading demonstration zone of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which mentioned supporting innovative applications such as digital currency research in Shenzhen

on August 21, 2019, the official micro blog of the people's Bank of China released two articles on digital currency. One is fan Yifei, vice president of the people's Bank of China, who was published in January 2018, talking about some considerations of digital currency of the people's Bank of China. The other is mu Changchun, deputy director of the Department of payment and settlement, who delivered a speech in Yichun on August 10

extended data:

practical significance

the digitalization of central bank's currency helps to optimize the central bank's monetary payment function, improve the central bank's monetary status and the effectiveness of monetary policy. The central bank's digital currency can become an interest bearing asset to meet the holder's reserve demand for safe assets, and can also become the lower limit of bank deposit interest rate

can also become a new monetary policy tool. At the same time, the central bank can affect the bank's deposit and loan interest rate by adjusting the central bank's digital currency interest rate, and help break the zero interest rate lower limit

operation system

fan Yifei, vice governor of the people's Bank of China, said in the article that the digital currency of the people's Bank of China should adopt a two-tier operation system. This model does not change the relationship between creditor's rights and debt of currency in circulation, does not change the existing money supply system and al account structure, does not constitute a competition for commercial banks' deposit currency, and does not increase commercial banks' dependence on the interbank lending market

will not affect the lending ability of commercial banks, and will not lead to the phenomenon of "financial disintermediation". At the same time, because it does not affect the existing monetary policy transmission mechanism, it will not strengthen the pro cyclical effect under the pressure environment, and it can improve the convenience and security of payment, and it also has the credit advantage of central bank endorsement

2. In the future, digital currency may become a form of world currency, which is accepted by countries all over the world. Of course, there may also be a situation of "one over many strong", which is the same as the current global circulation mode of US dollar, euro, pound sterling, RMB and yen. The digital currency that the central bank plans to launch is just the digitization of RMB
bitcoin, Ruitai coin and vitality coin may also exist as a form of currency or as an asset class.

3.

The digital currency of the central bank is DCEP

the name of the digital currency developed by the central bank is DCEP (digital currency electronic payment). DC is digital currency. EP is electronic payment. Payment transmits digital things through a certain way, not paper currency. Therefore, electronic payment itself has the attribute of digital currency

The characteristics of digital currency are: low transaction cost; Fast trading speed; Highly anonymous

extended data

Application of digital currency

I. fast, economic and safe payment and settlement

cross border payment helps RMB internationalization. In 2015, the settlement volume of cross-border payment involving current account is about 8 trillion yuan. To accelerate the internationalization of RMB, cross-border payment and settlement procts and solutions with low cost, high efficiency and low risk are needed

At present, there are still a lot of repetitive human work in the bank's electronic loan process and processing process, and as the basic support of loan issuance, many of the collateral has the situation of false pricing or multiple or even no collateral. We can consider using digital currency to price and track bank collateral:

3. Bill finance and supply chain finance

in recent years, various bill market businesses based on commercial bills have grown rapidly, and bill financing procts have become a hot area of Internet financing. However, about 70% of the current bill businesses in China are still paper transactions, Supply chain finance is also highly dependent on labor costs

reference materials

network digital currency

4.

The mining right setting plan is a detailed arrangement of the spatial layout of exploration right and mining right in a certain area on the basis of mineral resources planning, which is an important basis for the establishment and adjustment of exploration right and mining right, Based on mineral resources planning, we should make full use of mineral resources potential evaluation, reserve utilization investigation, on-site verification results of mining rights and existing geological and mineral information, adhere to the principle of integrated exploration and intensive development, and optimize the layout of mineral resources exploration and exploitation, For low-risk exploration areas, the mining right setting plan should be worked out according to the resource occurrence and geological structure conditions; If the resource situation is unclear, the State shall pay for the preliminary investigation and necessary general survey. Among them, the coal mining right setting scheme shall be prepared according to the requirements of existing documents. For non risk minerals, the State shall pay for the necessary geological work and directly prepare the mining right setting scheme, On the basis of the opinions of mining right owners and stakeholders, experts should be organized to conct full argumentation, divide exploration right and mining right blocks, and reasonably determine the number and scale of mining right. All areas that may involve the implementation of total mining amount control of ore-forming geological conditions should be organized to conct special argumentation, and the argumentation results should be explained in the mining right setting plan, (4) the mining right setting plans of national planned mining areas, mining areas of great value to the national economy, and integrated exploration areas shall be prepared by the units with corresponding qualifications entrusted by the provincial land and resources department, (5) if the established mining right does not conform to the mining right setting plan, it should be adjusted and integrated step by step according to the mining right setting plan. (6) the mining right setting plan should be dynamically managed and revised in a rolling way, According to the geological exploration work, it is necessary to adjust the mining right setting scheme; (7) in order to speed up the formulation of the mining right setting plan for the integrated exploration area, according to the recent exploration work deployment, the main minerals and key areas can be highlighted, It can be divided into several units to work out the mining right setting plan step by step.

II. Technical requirements

the mining right setting plan is composed of the plan text, attached drawings and scheles. The text of the mining right setting plan should include general principles, geological and metallogenic background and social and economic development analysis, mining right division plan and conclusion, safeguard measures, The main technical requirements are as follows:

(1) outline the compilation of regional geographical location, scope (inflection point coordinates), area, transportation, natural conditions, socio-economic conditions, geological work, geological characteristics, resource reserves, mineral resources development and utilization, etc.

< P > (2) according to the compilation of regional natural geographical conditions, metallogenic law, geological structure, mining technical conditions, resource occurrence conditions, Geological work degree, economic and technical conditions, exploration and mining status, infrastructure layout, administrative division, integrated exploration implementation plan, etc., put forward the division plan of exploration right and mining right, and demonstrate the rationality of the number, location and scope of the established exploration right and mining right, The inflection point, coordinate, elevation, resource reserves and so on are described.

(4) combining with the local actual situation, the measures to ensure the implementation of mining right setting scheme in economic, legal, technical and administrative aspects are formulated.

(5) the data source of scheme compilation, the connection with relevant planning and integrated exploration implementation scheme are described in the annex; (6) list in tabular form the license number, name, inflection point, coordinates, area, validity period, identified and occupied resources and reserves, mining design scale and other details (see the attached table for details).

(7) the plan of mining right setting scheme shall have geographical elements, geological and mineral elements, geological exploration degree, and the plan of mining right setting scheme shall have the following contents, The name and scope of the established exploration right and mining right, the name (or number) and scope of the proposed exploration right and mining right, and the scope of the integration of the exploration right and mining right are briefly listed in the form of attached table on the left side of the figure; On the right side of the map, the name (or number) and area of the proposed exploration right and mining right are briefly listed in the form of attached table. The specific requirements are as follows:

1. geographical part. The basic geographical map of the region is drawn as the base map, including administrative boundaries above the county level, residential areas above the township level, railways and trunk roads, important water systems, Important peaks and landmarks.

2. 2. Basic part. Indicate the scope of preparation area, geological work degree (investigation and evaluation, pre investigation, general survey, detailed investigation, exploration) and scope; Faults, folds, etc; The scope of exploration right and mining right has been established; The mining right scope of the proposed exploration right.

3. 3; The proposed exploration right is circled with blue dotted line and filled with blue, while the proposed mining right is circled with green dotted line, (8) the final results of the mining right setting plan submitted include 3 paper copies and 3 electronic documents, Electronic offer data. The electronic offer of mining right setting scheme will be released separately.

4. Table 1 basic information of mining right setting scheme in zone x

5. region name

6. region category

7. inflection point coordinates

8. major minerals in the region

9. involving total amount control minerals

10. area (km2)

11. compiled Note: 1. Region name refers to the name of the region where the mining right setting plan is prepared, including the name of the administrative unit where the region is located, such as XX County, XX Province, XX region; In case of cross administrative region, the name of the common superior administrative unit shall be listed

    Regional categories include national planning mining area, mining area with important value to national economy, integrated exploration area, provincial key mining area (exploration area) and general mining area (exploration area)
    The coordinates of inflection points should be filled in the coordinates of longitude and latitude or rectangular coordinates of inflection points in Xi'an coordinate system in 1980
    The main minerals in the area should be listed as the main minerals and main associated minerals in the compilation area

13. 5. The establishment organ refers to the organ that formulates the scheme organization, and the approval organ refers to the organ that reviews and approves the scheme organization

    For the integrated exploration area, if multiple mining right setting schemes are worked out, In the remarks, it should be noted that the preparation unit belongs to the x x x full face exploration area.

    attached table 2 the basic situation of the established exploration rights in the x x x area in the x x x area in the second table of the attached table of the attached table 2

14. (inflection point coordinates)

15. block area (km2)

16. exploration stage

17. resource reserve unit

18. pre obtained resource reserve

20. valid period

21. valid period end

23. registration and certification authority

24. remarks

25. note: 1, The drawing number of the established exploration right

    The license number refers to the exploration license number of the listed exploration rights
    Project name refers to the name of the exploration project corresponding to the listed exploration rights
    Main minerals for exploration refer to the main minerals listed in the exploration license of the exploration right
    The latitude and longitude coordinates of each inflection point of the listed exploration right block in Xi'an coordinate system in 1980 are filled in the block scope
    The exploration stage mainly refers to the geological work stage specified in the exploration license, such as pre survey, general survey, detailed survey, exploration, etc
    Resource reserves refer to the sum of reserves and resources above grade 333 in the classification of solid mineral resources / reserves (1999); The resource reserve units shall refer to the requirements of Appendix I "mineral name, statistical object and resource reserve unit" in the notice of the Ministry of land and resources on carrying out mineral resource reserve registration (gtzf [2004] No. 35)
    For the approved mining right setting scheme, before the revision of the scheme, According to the following table, the paper is not filled in the table.

    < P >

    schele 3, the basic situation of the mining right in the X area of the attached list of the attached table, the table of the list of mining right, the list of mine name <

    < P >

    < <

26. resource storage The amount of

27. < P >

28. < service life (years)

    < < < 1. Drawing number refers to the plan of mining right setting On the map, the drawing number of the established mining right

    The license number refers to the mining license number of the listed mining rights

30. 3. Mine name refers to the mine name corresponding to the listed mining right

    Main minerals refer to the main minerals listed in the mining license of the mining right
    The Cartesian coordinates of the inflection points of the listed mining right range in Xi'an coordinate system in 1980 are filled in the mining area
    The occupied resource reserves refer to the total amount of reserves and resources above grade 333 in the classification of solid mineral resources / reserves (1999) occupied by the mining right; Resource reserve units shall refer to the requirements of Appendix I "mineral name, statistical object and resource reserve unit" in the notice on carrying out mineral resource reserve registration (gtzf [2004] No. 35); If the established mining right occupies a variety of minerals and the resource reserves are calculated respectively, the relevant data of each mineral should be filled in the order of main minerals, associated minerals and associated minerals
    Service life refers to the planned mining life of the mine according to the development and utilization plan of mineral resources and mine design
    Mining design scale refers to the annual mining volume of the mine according to the development and utilization plan of mineral resources and mine design; The actual proction capacity refers to the actual annual proction capacity of the mine after the mine is put into proction according to the market demand and actual proction situation; Design scale and development of solid mineral exploitation

5. The central bank has never launched or planned to launch any digital currency. All the digital currencies that claim to be launched by the central bank are frauds