What are the blacklists of digital currency

1.

China does not issue digital currency, and all the existing digital currencies are illegal

the central bank pointed out that no legal digital currency has been issued, and no institutions and enterprises have been authorized to issue legal digital currency. At present, the so-called "digital currency" in the market is not legal digital currency

virtual currency is the electronization of illegal currency, and its original issuer is not the central bank. This kind of virtual currency is mainly limited to circulation in a specific virtual environment. Digital currency can be used for real goods and services transactions, but only the digital currency issued by the state is legal digital currency

"the legal currency of our country is RMB." In the risk warning, the monetary Bureau of the people's Bank of China once again stressed that RMB is uniformly printed and issued by the people's Bank of China

extended information:

with the soaring price of virtual currency represented by bitcoin, digital currency and the blockchain technology behind it have attracted great attention of the global financial community. In fact, legal digital currency has not yet been issued in China. Recently, the official website of the monetary Bureau of the people's Bank of China (PBOC) released the risk warning on issuing or promoting digital currency in the name of the people's Bank of China

in 2013, the central bank, together with five ministries and commissions, issued the notice on prevention of bitcoin risks, which clearly defined non legal digital currencies such as bitcoin as virtual commodities, which do not exist in the form of currency and legal currency

At the same time, digital money is different from electronic payment. In the actual use experience, digital money and electronic payment may feel similar, but they are still quite different in essence. Before digital currency, the financial instry has been highly informationized

such as Internet banking, WeChat, Alipay and other payment electronic popularization graally, physical cash accounts for only a very small part of all circulating currencies. In spite of this, because the money used in the transaction comes from the bank account, it actually corresponds to the banknotes

currently, digital currency in the market involves multi-level marketing

digital currency is a new technology that can improve the efficiency of transaction, but it is targeted by lawless elements to carry out pyramid selling and fraud in its name

the official website of the monetary Bureau of the people's Bank of China issued the risk warning on issuing or promoting digital currency in the name of the people's Bank of China. The central bank pointed out that recently, indivial enterprises falsely used the name of our bank to label relevant digital procts as "authorized issuance by the people's Bank of China", or falsely claimed that the digital currency promotion team of the central bank issued, in an attempt to deceive the public and take the opportunity to make huge profits

in the risk warning, the central bank stressed that the bank has not issued legal digital currency, nor authorized any institutions and enterprises to issue legal digital currency, and there is no promotion team. At present, the so-called "digital currency" in the market is not legal digital currency

at the same time, the so-called "digital currency" launched by some institutions and enterprises and the so-called promotion of the central bank's issuance of digital currency may involve pyramid selling and fraud. The general public should raise their risk awareness, invest rationally and prudently, and prevent the interests from being damaged

2. For many people, the concept of digital currency is a mystery. But there is no doubt that digital currency is different from virtual currency

virtual currency is the electronization of illegal currency, and its original issuer is not the central bank. This kind of virtual currency is mainly limited to circulation in a specific virtual environment. Digital currency can be used for real goods and services transactions, but only the digital currency issued by the state is legal digital currency

in 2013, the central bank, together with five ministries and commissions, issued the notice on preventing the risk of bitcoin, which clearly defined non legal digital currencies such as bitcoin as virtual commodities, not in the form of currency and legal currency< At the same time, digital currency is different from electronic payment. In the actual use experience, digital money and electronic payment may feel similar, but they are still quite different in essence. Before digital currency, the financial instry has been highly informationized. Such as Internet banking, WeChat, Alipay and so on pay the popularization of electronic technology, physical cash accounts for only a very small part of the total circulation of money. In spite of this, because the money used in the transaction comes from the bank account, it actually corresponds to the banknotes.

3. Digital currency is abbreviated as digiccy, which is the abbreviation of "digital currency" in English. It is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digiccy

digital currency is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of a specific virtual community. The European Banking authority defines virtual currency as a digital representation of value, which is not issued by the central bank or authorities, nor linked with legal currency. However, because it is accepted by the public, it can be used as a means of payment, or it can be transferred, stored or traded in electronic form
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4. Bitcoin, of course, is the hottest one. In addition to bitcoin, there are also:
1. Litecoin is similar to bitcoin, which is also an encrypted digital currency, and its price has risen sharply recently. It is a P2P open source digital currency, which can be regarded as a branch of bitcoin. However, although lightcoin is based on bitcoin protocol, it does not require very high computing power. It can also be mined using ordinary computers. Lightcoin's algorithm comes from the algorithm designed by Dr Colin Percival for tarsnap secure online backup service (backup for Linux and other open source operating systems)
2. Namecoin
namecoin is also based on bitcoin, which is another branch of open source. Namecoin is a distributed DNS protocol -- generally speaking, it can transform the website name (such as ifeng. Com) that can be understood by human into the address that can be understood by machine. As its own DNS, this kind of currency can operate outside the normal Internet, so it can break away from the control of ICANN
the monetary value and domain name of namecoin are stored in the user's blockchain records, limiting the total number to 21 million
3. Peercoin
peercoin is a peer-to-peer variant of bitcoin, which can improve mining efficiency and security, and improve safeguard measures to avoid group mining. Now, group mining has been considered as a potential defect of bitcoin. According to the statistics of emerging currencies by coinmarketcap.com, peercoin currently ranks fourth in the market value of digital currencies
4. Primecoin
primecoin is a cryptocurrency similar to bitcoin, but it uses a completely independent mining algorithm. Bitcoin uses the hashcash algorithm, while prime coin uses the long Cunningham chains to create the value of money - a sequence of prime numbers named after mathematician AJC Cunningham
in the process of bitcoin mining, as the amount of money goes on, the difficulty will increase sharply. But prime is different. Every time a primecoin is mined, the mining difficulty will increase slightly, and the process is much more stable< 5. Feathercoin

based on the design of litecoin, released in April 2013, can adjust the mining difficulty more frequently than litecoin. Feathercoin will be updated frequently, adding new features and improvements to eliminate malicious mining behavior

6. Novacoin

another P2P digital cryptocurrency. Novacoin is different from most other currencies in that it integrates a protection mechanism in the currency core, which can identify illegal mining activities

the total number of novacoin is limited to 2 billion, which is considerable. If necessary, the total can be adjusted upward

7, infinitech

published in June 2013. A by-proct of litecain. According to the mining situation and the total amount of money, infinite money can frequently adjust the mining difficulty ratio< Megacoin was only released in the fourth quarter of 2013, imitating bitcoin in the early stage. The total number of megacoin is limited to 42 million, which can be mined like other virtual currencies. Its biggest selling point is brand publicity, which other digital currencies lack< It was released in 2013 and is still in its infancy. In the security part of quarkcoin, nine independent loops are deployed and six different algorithms are used.

5.

Generally, the excellent digital currencies are mostly imported procts, such as bitcoin, Leyte coin, ether coin and so on. However, the domestic Yuanbao coin, Ruitai coin, bitcoin and the tokens of different crowdfunding projects of European crowdfunding are excellent digital currencies

< H2 > development materials

digital currency (English: digital currency) is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. At present, no central bank of any government has indicated that it will issue digital currency, and digital currency does not have to have a benchmark currency and a central bank

it is different from the virtual currency in the virtual world, because it can be used for real goods and services transactions, not limited to online games. The early digital currency (digital gold currency) is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold. Today's digital currency, such as bitcoin, lightcoin and ppcoin, is an electronic currency created, issued and circulated by check sum cryptography

6. First of all, I need to emphasize that the virtual currency represented by bitcoin is not a domestic currency. The following is part of the notice on bitcoin risk issued by the central bank and other five ministries and commissions at the end of 2013:

although bitcoin is called "currency", it is not a real currency because it is not issued by the monetary authority and does not have such monetary attributes as legal compensation and mandatory. In nature, bitcoin should be a specific virtual commodity, which does not have the same legal status as currency, and can not and should not be used as currency in the market

at this stage, financial institutions and Payment institutions are not allowed to price procts or services with bitcoin, buy or sell bitcoin as a central counterparties, underwrite insurance business related to bitcoin or include bitcoin into the scope of insurance liability, and directly or indirectly provide customers with other services related to bitcoin, including: providing customers with bitcoin registration Trading, clearing, settlement and other services; Accept bitcoin or use bitcoin as a payment and settlement tool; Carry out bitcoin and RMB and foreign currency exchange services; Carry out bitcoin storage, custody, mortgage and other services; Issuing financial procts related to bitcoin; Take bitcoin as the investment target of trust, fund, etc

but bitcoin, Fuyuan and Laite can be traded on the trading platform in exchange for RMB. It can also trade with other commodities in the form of barter.

7.

This is a Linux system IP address configuration command. The specific meaning is:

set the IP address of the system to 192.168.0.2; The subnet mask is 24, that is 255.255.255.0; The broadcast address is 192.168.0.255; The name of NIC device is eth0

all computers in the network must set a unique IP address to communicate normally. Because of this unique address, users can select the objects they need from thousands of computers efficiently and conveniently when they operate on networked computers

The IP address is just like our home address. If you want to write to a person, you need to know his or her address so that the postman can deliver the letter. A computer sending information is like a postman. It must know the only "home address" to avoid sending the letter to the wrong person. But our address is expressed in words, the address of the computer is expressed in binary numbers

eth0 is the name set by the system for the network card. If there are al network cards or multiple network cards, there will be names like eth1 and eth2. The name can be set artificially. It is the unique name of the network card in the current computer system

< H2 > after modification, you can use ifconfig command to check whether the modification is successful

8. The financial market is a battlefield without smoke! Central banks, international speculators and investors all play games with each other! This time international speculators short RMB is not without reasons: 1. The federal funds rate of the United States has been higher than the benchmark interest rate of China, and there is obvious interest rate spread income! 2. The return of interest margin leads to the return of US dollar and accelerates the strong pattern of US dollar. When RMB devalues, US dollar will appreciate and make another profit! 3. China's stock market and property market investment income is not high, will let the capital flight

why doesn't China raise interest rates? There are several problems: 1. The real estate market is in the process of deleveraging, and there is a great risk of tightening credit at this time; 2. The risk of equity pledge of private enterprises is very high, otherwise they will not use state-owned assets to help; The people's Bank of China has a big headache. It's hard to control the domestic financial risk of interest rate increase, and the RMB continues to depreciate without interest rate increase

the Central Bank of China has intervened once last time, which is called RMB "counter cyclical factor", but it's just a small scene

the intervention of the central bank mainly has a short-term effect, and its purpose is to intervene in "excessive speculation and malicious short selling"! What really affects the trend of exchange rate is: interest rate level, economic quality, monetary policy, fiscal policy, market long-term expectation

there are still examples of international speculators defeating the central bank in history, and they are the same person—— Soros< (1) in 1992, Soros successfully attacked the pound. In 1990, Britain decided to join the European exchange rate system (ERM), a new monetary system created by Western European countries. Soros believes that Britain has made a decisive mistake< In September 1992, speculators began to attack the weak currencies in the European exchange rate system, including the British pound and the Italian lira. The central banks of these countries have to spend a lot of money to support their currency exchange rates

the British government plans to borrow money from the international banking organization to prevent the continued depreciation of the pound, but this is like a drop in the bucket. Soros alone spent $10 billion in this battle with the British government. Soros took a short position of US $7 billion in the gamble and held a long position of US $6 billion mark. At the same time, considering that the devaluation of a country's currency usually leads to the rise of its stock market, Soros bought us $500 million worth of British shares and took a short position of German shares. If Soros is the only one to compete with Britain, the British government may still have a glimmer of hope, but the participation of many speculators in the world makes the strength of both sides in this competition greatly different, and it is doomed to the failure of the British government

Soros was the biggest winner in the attack on the pound, once described by the magazine as the man who defeated the Bank of England. Soros has made nearly US $1 billion from short trading in sterling. The long interest rate futures in Britain, France and Germany and short trading in Italian lira have made his total profit as high as US $2 billion, of which Soros's personal income is one third. During the year, Soros's fund grew by 67.5%

(2) snipe the Thai baht and set up the White Wolf empty handed! Attack Hong Kong dollar without success< On July 2, 1997, the Thai government exhausted all its foreign exchange reserves and had to abandon the fixed exchange rate system and implement the floating exchange rate system. The Thai baht plummeted by 17% overnight. Soros successfully used a small amount of US dollars to repay his loan in the Bank of Thailand, making a net profit of billions of US dollars and leaving the market

in the same year, it hit Hong Kong's financial market, making the exchange rate of Hong Kong dollar decline all the way and the financial market in chaos. The Hong Kong Monetary Authority immediately entered the market, and the central government fully supported it. Under a series of counterattack actions, Soros's "battle" in Hong Kong failed and suffered heavy losses< (3) short yen and rise Japanese stocks -- Abe trading

from September 2012 to may 2013, Soros Fund Management Company, the world's largest foreign exchange investor, made us $1 billion through "Abe trading". Short yen became the first beneficiary, so a new term "Abe trading" came into being in the instry

from this campaign, Soros made $1 billion in yen and $500 million in Japanese stocks, reaching a total of $1.5 billion, equivalent to nearly RMB 10 billion. In only half a year, he has gained huge wealth

some of Soros's most famous viewpoints, such as "the law of the forest", "weakness breaking" and "herding", explain his logic of shorting. On the surface, the most confusing and seemingly indestructible point of his prey must be his weakness, which must be broken by surprise

will RMB repeat the mistakes of pound sterling, Japanese yen and Thai baht? The answer is no

1. RMB is not a free exchange rate. There are both onshore and offshore quotations! There are also restrictions on the exchange of foreign exchange, making it more difficult to short

2. The trading scale of RMB is smaller than that of British pound and Japanese yen, which is helpful for the central bank to intervene in the exchange rate (small pond, less big fish!)

3. China has sufficient foreign exchange reserves to deal with international speculators

4. China has defeated international speculator Soros and accumulated sufficient experience

at present, the exchange rate of RMB is still within the expectation of the central bank, so there is no need to intervene in the market! After the domestic financial risks are resolved, the RMB exchange rate can return to the normal level again by raising interest rates.

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