Digital currency for civil use

1. virtual currency refers to non real currency. Well known virtual currency, such as network company's network currency, Tencent company's Q currency, Q point, Shanda company's voucher; The popular digital currencies in 2013 include bitcoin, Leyte coin, Fuyuan coin, doggy coin and so on
network virtual currency can be roughly divided into

the first category is familiar game currency. In the era of stand-alone games, the protagonist accumulates money by knocking down the enemy, entering the gambling house to win money, and using these to buy Herbs and equipment, but it can only be used in his own game console. At that time, there was no "market" between players. Since the establishment of Internet portal and community, the realization of game networking, virtual currency has a "financial market", players can trade game currency
the second type is the special currency issued by the portal website or instant messaging service provider, which is used to purchase the services in the website. The most widely used is Tencent's q-coin, which can be used to purchase membership, QQ show and other value-added services
the third kind of virtual currency on the Internet, such as bitcoin (BTC), Fuyuan coin (FTC), Wright currency (LTC), etc. bitcoin is an electronic currency proced by open-source P2P software. Some people also translate bitcoin as "bitcoin", which is a kind of network virtual currency. It is mainly used for Internet financial investment, and can also be directly used in daily life as a new currency.

2. Knowledge based military, intelligent weapons, digital battlefield, information war and deterrence strategy have become the basic trend of military development in the 21st century, and the discipline comprehensiveness is more prominent. In the future, any solution to military war problems, science and technology problems, social development problems and environmental problems will be highly comprehensive, and almost all disciplines and specialties can become the research objects of national defense science and technology. In 1993, the U.S. Department of defense launched an action to jointly formulate a defense science and technology plan, and proposed to the Joint Chiefs of staff the 2010 joint operations vision, the joint operations science and technology plan, the defense technology field plan, and the basic research plan, covering almost all military related science and engineering fields. The basic research program alone covers 12 disciplines, including physics, chemistry, mathematics, computer science, electronics, materials science, mechanics, marine science, earth science, atmospheric space science, biological science and cognitive neuroscience. We should change our traditional thinking, build an advanced and reasonable discipline system of national defense science and technology, create a world-class university with our military characteristics, and enrich and develop national defense science and technology in accordance with the development mode of "military, comprehensive, research and open". The characteristics of military confrontation are distinct“ The rule of "there is a spear, there is a shield". Science and technology itself is a double-edged sword, while national defense science and technology have more distinctive military antagonism: reconnaissance and anti reconnaissance, stealth and anti stealth, jamming and anti-jamming, guidance and anti guidance, destruction and anti destruction, virus and anti-virus; Tank anti tank, missile anti missile, aircraft carrier anti aircraft carrier, satellite anti satellite; Air attack and anti air attack, landing and anti landing, blockade and anti blockade; Information attack and defense, electronic countermeasure, missile attack and defense, system of systems countermeasure; Weapon informatization and information weaponization, new concept weapon and new concept weapon all embody two aspects of one problem. New concepts of weapons emerge one after another. New concept weapon is a historical category, and its breakthrough is of milestone and epoch-making significance. In the era of cold weapons, it is difficult to divide attack and defense when short soldiers fight; In the era of hot weapons, the combination of attack and defense, long-range mobility; In the era of nuclear weapons, it is extremely powerful and can deter qu bing. In the future battlefield, there will be too many new concept weapons: kinetic energy weapons such as electromagnetic energy launchers and electrothermal guns, which use electric pulse power as energy to break through the speed limit of conventional artillery systems; Laser weapons, high-power microwave weapons, particle beam weapons and other directional energy weapons have changed the traditional thinking of "gun, gun and bullet", and realized the dream of "gun without bullet, zero hour flight, direct aiming"; Gene weapons can destroy a certain race or a certain kind of people; The infrasonic weapons hide the killing machine in the silent place, which makes it more difficult for people to defend; There are also micron / nano weapons, digital intelligent robot forces... The new concept of weapons is the broad sense of weapons, which regards all means beyond the traditional military field, but still can be used in war operations as weapons. In the era of information network, man-made stock disaster, hacker intrusion, false intelligence and power failure can be included in the new concept of weapons. The new concept of weapon provides direction for the new concept of weapon, and the new concept of weapon makes the new concept of weapon fixed. New concept weapon is the concentrated embodiment of military knowledge innovation and military technology innovation. In the era of knowledge military with the rapid development of national defense science and technology, new concepts of weapons beyond the modern era emerge in endlessly, and new concepts of weapons beyond the future will continue to emerge. The al-use of military and civilian is increasingly obvious. Modern high technology is almost all al-purpose technology, with the characteristics of strong versatility. The progress of science and technology in the field of information and the Kosovo war show that the boundary between the army and the people is becoming more and more blurred. The basic science and technology involved in national defense science and technology include infrared technology, low light level technology, laser technology, radar technology, optical fiber technology, photoelectric inertial technology, integrated optical technology, computer technology, communication technology, artificial intelligence technology, virtual reality technology, and management technology. Most of them are highly versatile technologies, It can support the development and transformation of many kinds of weapon systems, and has distinct al-use characteristics. Dual use, mutual promotion, is a direction. On the one hand, in the design phase of the new system, civil technology, procts, practical experience and capabilities should be used as much as possible, and the economic bearing capacity should be fully considered; On the other hand, many key technologies of national defense are being developed or matured in the commercial and international fields. Therefore, the proction of military procts and civilian procts will rely on the same instrial base as much as possible to give full play to the advantages of economies of scale and technological innovation of civilian instry. At the same time, the military system and national defense departments will also maintain stable scientific research funds, maintain investment in key defense science and technology fields, carry out high-quality basic research, cultivate future scientific and technological teams and "smart buyers", promote cooperation between scientific research institutions inside and outside the military, accelerate technology transfer, and selectively use technology to meet social needs.

3. At present, there are four main types of consensus mechanisms: pow, POS, dpos, pool
1. POW workload proof, which is familiar with mining, calculates a random number that meets the rules through and or operation, that is, obtains the bookkeeping right, sends out the data that needs to be recorded in this round, and stores it together with other nodes in the whole network after verification
advantages: complete decentralization, free access of nodes
disadvantages: bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and other blockchain applications using POW consensus mechanism are difficult to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; Mining causes a lot of waste of resources; The period of reaching consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial application.

2. Proof of rights and interests of POS, a mechanism of upgrading consensus of pow; According to the token proportion and time of each node; It can rece the difficulty of mining in equal proportion, so as to speed up the speed of finding random numbers< Advantages: to a certain extent, it shortens the time to reach a consensus
disadvantages: mining is still needed, which does not solve the pain point of commercial application in essence

3. Dpos share authorization certification mechanism is similar to the voting of the board of directors, in which the coin holders cast a certain number of nodes to verify and account on their behalf
advantages: greatly rece the number of participating verification and accounting nodes, which can achieve second level consensus verification
disadvantages: the whole consensus mechanism still depends on token, and many commercial applications do not need token to exist

4. Pool verification pool, which is based on traditional distributed consistency technology and data verification mechanism; It is a consensus mechanism widely used in the instry chain at present.
advantages: it can work without token, and realizes second level consensus verification on the basis of mature distributed consistency algorithms (pasox and raft)
disadvantages: the degree of decentralization is not as good as that of bictin; The multi center business model is more suitable for multi-party participation

it has great advantages in using consensus mechanism to ensure data consistency (the consensus mechanism is first proposed by ripple, and the network transaction synchronization mechanism with data correctness priority. In the consensus network, no matter how the software code changes, if you can't reach a consensus, you can't enter the network, let alone fork)
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PS: a little black, although the consensus mechanism can absolutely ensure that there will be no hard bifurcation at any time. However, the disadvantage of this mechanism is obvious, that is, it is much longer than the current bitcoin network to reach a consensus with other nodes. In extreme cases, the consequences of disconnection in ripple consensus mechanism network are also very terrible

it is possible that one day after the power failure in your home, the whole system will no longer be able to reach a consensus with other rippled nodes (in fact, the consensus mechanism requires more than 80% of the nodes to acknowledge your data before your submission will be accepted by other nodes, otherwise it will be rejected by exclusive nodes), Even you can only empty all your 500 GB data and resynchronize to connect to other ripple nodes

so at present, the existing rippled end is not suitable for civil use (if it is commercial, the impact is relatively small. For example, RL's own rippled node is hosted in Amazon cloud data center. If it has no response for a long time, it can make high claims, and there is almost no break in that place except for large disasters). This is one of the aspects RL has always wanted to improve.

4.

The mine card of graphics card is the graphics card used by bitcoin mining machine

Mining card is a graphics card that is specially used for general calculation to earn network currency "bitcoin". Bitcoin can be proced with specific programs, and then sold to people in need to be able to exchange real money, or mining for short

because this program needs a lot of repeated calculations, it is more efficient to use a card with more sp. Because of the full load operation all year round, there are many uncertain factors in the mining card

extended data:

mining is actually a competition of performance and equipment. The mining machine composed of many graphics cards, even if it is only hd6770, the computing power after "group" can surpass the single graphics card of most users

and this is not the most terrible. Some mining machines are made up of more such graphics card arrays. When dozens or even hundreds of graphics cards come together, the graphics card itself costs money. Considering the hardware price and other costs, there is a considerable expenditure in mining

in fact, there are many kinds of mining devices. Guiminer, which is small and easy to use, is recommended. It can support CPU, oepncl, CUDA and other computing modes

in this way, devices including CPU and graphics card can achieve the maximum performance, and then acquire bitcoin more quickly

resources: Network - bitcoin mining machine

5. I'm not sure what you mean. I've never heard of this virtual currency
high frequency refers to radio waves with frequency band from 3MHz to 30MHz. HF is mostly used for civil radio and short wave broadcasting. It has weak resistance to the radio waves emitted by electronic instruments, so it is often interfered
virtual currency refers to non real currency. Well known virtual currencies, such as network currency of network company, QQ currency of Tencent company, q-point and voucher of Shanda company, micro currency launched by Sina (used for micro games, Sina reading, etc.), chivalrous Yuanbao (used for chivalrous road game), silver pattern (used for bixue Qingtian game), and popular digital currencies in 2013 include bitcoin, Laite currency, Fuyuan currency, doggy currency, etc.

6. This depends on the situation. If it's a mining machine of the size of USB flash disk, the computing power is only about 1g. This mining machine is a kind of experience machine. Let alone 20, it doesn't matter if there are several hundred. But if it is the kind of professional mining equipment, ordinary household electricity is simply not up, mining machine power and power consumption is very high. Moreover, the noise of mining is very large, and the heat generated is also very large. There must be powerful refrigeration equipment, which also needs power consumption

bitcoin is a consensus network, contributing to a new payment system and a fully digital currency. It is the first decentralized peer-to-peer payment network, which is controlled by its users without a central management organization or middleman. From the user's point of view, bitcoin is much like Internet cash. Bitcoin can also be regarded as the most outstanding three style bookkeeping system.

7. Jinyong Heroes 3 is another series flash RPG game of Jinyong heroes after flash version of Jinyong Heroes 2<
Jin Yong Heroes 3 (hereinafter referred to as "Jin 3") has the following characteristics:
1. Rich props
the current version has included more than 300 kinds of weapons, armor, secret scripts, pills and catering items in Jin Yong's novels, which is a small number in the huge Jin Yong world system, But in a short and lean flash RPG game is also a large scale
2. Chongxue system
the upgrade of characters in the game will not directly increase the maximum limit of life and internal power, but obtain [cultivation value]. Through these accomplishments, you can get through the eight channels of the classic one by one. The opening of each acupoint and meridian will increase the maximum limit of life and internal power. If all the acupoints on a single meridian are opened, the internal skill attribute will be increased to make the move more powerful; In addition, some advanced internal and lightness mental skills also need to get through the relevant meridians before they can be cultivated
3. Carriage system
the core meaning of carriage system is teammate system. At present, there are more than 30 characters in Jin Yong's world who can join the leading role's team and accompany them to wander the rivers and lakes< There are several characteristics of team-mates.
A. in combat, team-mates are not controlled by players, and their behavior is determined by their AI.
B. team mates can't be upgraded directly, but when they attack and destroy an enemy, they will have a certain chance to gain a bonus of a certain attribute, or compete with the protagonist in [carriage], and the protagonist wins, or they can randomly increase a certain attribute of team-mates
C teammates have favorable rating. The higher the liking degree, the higher the value the teammates will improve each time they get the chance to improve their attributes. The cultivation of liking lies in giving away the favorite things of teammates at the banquet Present the props and treasures that teammates yearn for In a word, the higher your liking, the faster your teammate will grow
D acquisition of new martial arts by teammates. Through a special event or the protagonist to give its related props. For example, if Duan Yu was given the sword score of "six pulse sword", Duan Yu would learn the martial arts of "six pulse sword"
e teammates' martial arts are upgraded according to the number of times they are used. When their internal power is insufficient, the power of the move will decrease. This is also true of the protagonist
if you leave, some of your teammates will never be found; Another part can be retrieved through subsequent events. Therefore, every time you join a teammate, you should seriously consider it. When there are four teammates in the team, other teammates will not join. Remember
4. Martial arts system
A. in the game, martial arts can be divided into [fist and palm], [finger], [sword], [sword], [stick], [concealed weapon], [internal skill moves] and so on
b [sword], [sword], [staff], [concealed weapon] all need to be equipped with corresponding equipment to use moves, otherwise they will not be able to perform
C before the battle, players can set the martial arts icon in the shortcut bar. In the battle, the number keys 1-8 correspond to the martial arts of 8 positions in the 8 shortcut bar
d [fist palm], [finger], [sword], [sword], [staff], [concealed weapon] when the internal power is insufficient, the power will be greatly reced, but the moves can still be issued The number of concealed weapons will be consumed if you use it once
e [internal skill move] only when equipped with a specific internal skill will the corresponding martial arts appear at position 8 of the shortcut bar. The power of this martial art depends on the [internal skill] attribute, but when the internal power is insufficient, it can't be used completely. Although it is powerful, it consumes a lot of internal power
f the range of martial arts can be divided into horizontal, vertical, whole and indivial. The maximum number of enemies is six in two platoons. When the people in the first row are not eliminated, you can't hit the enemy behind them by using single range martial arts
G martial arts are upgraded by the number of times they are used. The higher the savvy, the faster the upgrade will be. After upgrading, the attributes of the corresponding categories will be improved
H battle shortcut keys
1 ~ 8 correspond to 8 positions. Martial arts 0 is a common attack
qwe corresponds to the props set on the props shortcut bar
zxc selects the enemy. At present, the aperture under the enemy's feet is the target of the protagonist's attack. The target is not controlled by the player
I from the perspective of combat participation, combat can be divided into single challenge of protagonist and group fight of teammates; According to the battle result, it can be divided into plot battle and life and death battle, that is, if you lose, you will win the battle and you will end up destroying all the enemies; The failure of the battle begins when the protagonist's life is hit to zero
5. The map of the Central Plains
is more abundant than Jinyong Heroes 2. Among them, there are 21 well-known sects in Jinyong's world, which can be used for practicing martial arts and annexing. That is to say, as long as you are powerful enough to unify many sects in the Jianghu, it is not impossible for you to have an addiction to the emperor of Wulin
6. Events
there are two kinds of events in golden 3
one is announcement event, which is similar to task release. Different tasks will be released every month for players to complete, and each time players enter the game, they will receive different announcement events
the other is adventure. This requires players to seriously find out when wandering in the world
most of the announcement tasks are based on the original events of Jin Yong's novels
after completing the announcement task or the adventure in the Jianghu, the result may also be to join new teammates, learn new martial arts, and obtain new secrets...

7 time
the time in the game passes according to the player's behavior. According to the plot arrangement, the player's [River and lake career] is only two years, and after two years, he will enter the so-called [doomsday robbery] [decisive battle]! Therefore, players must carefully plan their daily life in the game world, and don't wait until they are finally knocked down to the ground to regret for their mediocrity...

8 schools to learn from
currently, there are 5 schools to learn from. But the admission conditions are very harsh, and part of the story is hidden. Please feel patiently. The sects are Shaolin, Wudang, Huashan, Quanzhen and Gumu

9 with instructions
a this game supports custom avatar function. Please prepare 60 * 71 head picture in advance
if the picture is stored in the Internet space, you can directly fill in the network address of the picture in the [picture address]
if the picture is local, please refer to the following format:
file: / / / G: / / avatar. JPG
is to add "file: / /"

b "Gold 3" will inherit the [super initial archive] generated by "gold 2" after customs clearance. But the premise is that this archive is generated by playing "golden 2 plus" online on the website, and the locally generated one cannot be inherited temporarily. And must be in the same website, namely in a website play "gold 2 enhanced version" generated archive, also only a website "Gold 3" can inherit. This is determined by the characteristics of flash itself. At present, the author is still thinking about how to improve it in the future

C in this game, the role of sleep is to replenish life internal power and save

d this game can't be played locally for the time being, because it will cause exceptions

e there may be some bugs in this version. Please leave a message on the author's blog in time http://blog.sina.com.cn/JYgame

f the game material is from the Internet, part of which is original by the author. Most of the game picture resources right for the original game proction company all! If it violates your legal rights, please contact the author: XO_ [email protected] This game is made by the author. Please do not modify or crack it without permission,

1.06 repair content
[fix] when Yan Honglie was killed in the capital city, he was killed at the airport.
[fix] the bug that blacksmith ore couldn't get weapons.
[fix] the date when he left the school at the end of the year bug
[fix] life becomes negative bug
[fix] Huang Rong can't join the bug.
[fix] the medicine is invalid bug.
[fix] Ren Yingying's mission is black Screen bug
[correction] Wudang faction danfang Yu Lianzhou el crash bug
[correction] niujiacun cycle killing robbers bug
[correction] unable to learn wind Sabre bug
[correction] niujiacun ancestor Qianqiu tea selling bug
[correction] ice silkworm task win will crash bug
[correction] internal skill upgrade text prompt error
[add] ancient tomb martial arts beauty boxing
Add] the plot of siguoya and some martial arts of Huashan sect
[add] the function of fighting and escaping in the sect
[note] teammates are in the team, but they can't fight. There are only two reasons: one is that the opponent points out that he or she wants to fight with you alone; the other is that his or her teammates are seriously injured and can't fight with him or her life is 1.

update of version 1.07, Nun Dingyi has no fighting image bug
[fix] can't detoxify bug
[fix] Hengshan sect can't leave bug
[fix] innocent special effect bug appears in the game
[fix] the countdown to doomsday robbery 30 days prompt circulation bug
[fix] the problem will be recovered if the cultivation point changes life internal power
[fix] heartbreak grass can't cure Yang Guo bug
[fix] sect Skills don't show level bug
[fix] card problem of women's clothing for teammates
[fix] Huang zhenchu won the fight and couldn't get goods bug
[fix] Tian Guinong's task couldn't get cold moon sword bug correctly
[enhance] the effect of bear gall and snake gall
[enhance] improve the initial ability of the protagonist
[rece] the difficulty of obtaining some secret scripts

8. Yes, connect the router with the router. There is a tutorial on the Internet. My home is a main route, and then a secondary route

9. At present, I am very optimistic about the development prospect of blockchain. From the perspective of academic research, this kind of advanced rules and ideas should also be learned and used for reference. I personally think that blockchain can not only create breakthroughs in fields like deep learning, but also solve many social life problems, For example, fairness and justice inherent in society and personal privacy in the context of big data. However, the subversive rules of blockchain will be restricted by the instry rules and the existing system. For example, in order to popularize the proction chain of a commodity, how many instry rules must be changed? If you want to popularize all commodities, you have to have a "x Instrial Revolution". In addition, some economic systems are suitable for the survival and development of the blockchain, while others have to survive in special subdivided fields. However, we still need to be optimistic about the blockchain, just like deep learning. When the wind blows up, more people will naturally rush to the blockchain, and it is easy to proce new achievements and breakthroughs. After all, human beings are the key to changing the world. In the past, the new research results are in the order of military scientific research military general scientific research commercial civil. But after all, blockchain is a subversive rule. I think it will probably follow the order of commercial civil general scientific research military scientific research military.

10.

since the public paid for Alipay and WeChat, speed and convenience have brought many benefits to the public. The biggest benefit is to save unnecessary trouble and save time and effort. p>

and mobile payment is easy to calculate, so you don't need to change 0. What's more, it saves the trouble for the public to identify the true and false banknotes, because we can see that there are still many counterfeit banknotes of 10 yuan and 20 yuan

we may feel normal when we see WeChat and Alipay paying. But seeing a cash payment at half a time seems like offbeat. And this unconventional phenomenon, and people's surprised feeling of cash, all prove that our life and business activities are getting farther and farther away from paper money

As far as I'm concerned, I seldom use banknotes in three years. When I pass the toll station on the highway, I occasionally use banknotes when I park on the roadside

with the continuous development of network technology, WeChat and Alipay have deeper cut into our lives. Only occasionally meet the necessary cash payment, more payment has been replaced by virtual payment

but paper money will not die out, but the use scenario will change, from the past private use to the future only inter-bank use . But it's impossible to disappear. As a credit society in the United States, bank cards have been popular for a long time. In fact, the United States doesn't use much cash, whether it's debit cards or credit cards, personal checks or traveler's checks. In the United States, 100 dollar currency can't be seen in normal social behavior. Besides collecting, it also uses cash in crimes such as drug trading, But the dollar has not disappeared. It's just that I can't see it normally