Card issuing supports digital virtual currency
Digital money is legal
digital currency itself is legal in China. Digital currency is defined as Internet goods in China, but the relevant supervision is still blank, and digital currency is still in the gray area in China. Well known digital currencies include bitcoin, Leyte coin, Ruitai coin, thousand gold card, dog coin, etc
however, there are also some non developers who use the cover of digital currency to carry out pyramid schemes, such as the Vicat scheme, treasure scheme, Porter scheme and so on
development materials:
digital currency is different from the virtual currency in the virtual world, because it can be used for real goods and services transactions, not limited to online games. The early digital currency (digital gold currency) is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold. Today's digital currency, such as bitcoin, lightcoin and ppcoin, is an electronic currency created, issued and circulated by check sum cryptography. It is characterized by the use of P2P peer-to-peer network technology to issue, manage and circulate currency. In theory, it avoids bureaucratic examination and approval, so that everyone has the right to issue currency
1、 Different definitions:
1. Virtual currency:
virtual currency refers to non real currency
Digital currency:digital currency is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digiccy
3. Cryptocurrency:
cryptocurrency is a kind of transaction medium that uses cryptography principles to ensure transaction security and control the creation of transaction units
4. Token (token):
a kind of article whose shape and size are similar to currency, but the scope of use is limited and has no currency effect, and its token is the homonym of token in English
Second, the characteristics are different:1; It can also be said that virtual currency is personalized currency. In another way, it can also be called information currency
2. Digital currency:
is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of specific virtual communities
Cryptocurrency:cryptocurrency is based on the decentralized consensus mechanism, which is opposite to the banking and financial system relying on the centralized regulatory system
4. Token (token):
usually needs to be exchanged for money, used in shops, playgrounds, mass transportation and other places, as a voucher to use services and exchange goods
extended data
at present, digital currency is more like an investment proct, because it lacks a strong guarantee agency to maintain its price stability, and its role as a value measure has not yet appeared, so it can not be used as a means of payment. As an investment proct, digital currency cannot develop without trading platform, operating company and investment company
digital currency is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the blockchain technology it relies on has been decentralized and can be used in other fields except digital currency, which is one of the reasons why bitcoin is popular; On the other hand, if digital currency is widely used by the public as a kind of currency, it will have a huge impact on the effectiveness of monetary policy, financial infrastructure, financial market and financial stability
There is no official recognition of any virtual currency in China
different from sovereign currency, the "credit" basis of "virtual currency" is mathematical algorithm, and its price depends on the reliability of the algorithm, market confidence and other factors. There are many defects and loopholes in technology, and its value foundation is very fragile
the China Internet Finance Association recently announced that bitcoin and other so-called "virtual currencies" lack a clear value basis, the market has a strong speculative atmosphere, the price fluctuates violently, and investors blindly follow suit, which is easy to cause capital losses. There is no legal basis for the establishment of various so-called "currency" trading platforms in China
extended information:
in recent years, the price of bitcoin has risen rapidly, attracting a large number of people to enter. A large number of "virtual currencies" followed suit. In 2017, the price of Leyte increased by 476%, the price of Ruibo increased by 54 times, and the price of ether increased by 13 times
Li Aijun, Dean of the Internet Finance and Law Research Institute of China University of political science and law, believes that virtual currency is the proct of networking, and the digital information flowing in the network is beyond everyone's control. The code of cyberspace is the basis of the operation of virtual currency, investors can only operate through the front-end interface, seemingly "control" the virtual currency. The operator of the virtual currency service organization may become the actual controller of the virtual currency through the control code
Li Aijun, Dean of the Internet Finance and Law Research Institute of China University of political science and law, believes that virtual currency is the proct of networking, and the digital information flowing in the network is beyond everyone's control. The code of cyberspace is the basis of the operation of virtual currency, investors can only operate through the front-end interface, seemingly "control" the virtual currency. The operator of the virtual currency service organization may become the actual controller of the virtual currency through the control code
Du Yan believes that the existence of bitcoin and exchanges and other instrial chains has constructed an illegal financial market for asset transfer and financing beyond legal tender, increased the difficulty of regulatory authorities in managing financial security and stability, and promoted regulatory arbitrage and financial crimes. The risks and social security risks it brings to the financial market are far higher than its innovative value
investors should stick to rational investment, not blindly follow the trend, nor take chances. There are risks in investment, especially in the face of a new model, we should be more cautious in investment, so as not to become the target of wealth plunder by criminals
but if you use virtual currency to carry out illegal pyramid selling activities, it is illegal. The currencies suspected of pyramid schemes exposed by bitcoin house, the mainstream media website of the coin circle, include Vicat and BBT Mint system
of course, many virtual currencies are graally starting to cooperate with the government. For example, reborn coin has been trying to cooperate with banking institutions and the government. Recently, Fuyuan coin has been registered legally in California.
The home network is probably the one that people contact most. It usually uses the address beginning with 192.168. In fact, this is a convention. You can also use private IP addresses that start with 172.16 or 10. What is private IP address and NAT address translation
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in short, e to the small scale of the network, the home network usually uses the private network address starting with 192.168. The optical cat dials to obtain a public network address (or the private network address of the operator), and maps to different ports of the public network address through NAT to access the Internet. The NAT mode and routing mode are different< br />
Article 2, pyramid selling refers to that the organizer or operator's development personnel seek illegal benefits by calculating and paying remuneration to the developed personnel based on their number of directly or indirectly developed personnel or sales performance, or requiring the developed personnel to obtain the qualification of joining in the condition of paying a certain fee, Disturbing economic order and affecting social stability< Article 7 the following acts belong to pyramid selling:
(1) organizers or business operators, through development personnel, require other personnel developed by the development personnel to join in, and calculate and pay rewards (including material rewards and other economic benefits, the same below) to the development personnel based on the number of personnel developed directly or indirectly, so as to seek illegal benefits
(2) the organizer or business operator, through the developer, requires the developed person to pay fees or pay fees in disguised form by way of subscribing for commodities, so as to obtain the qualification of joining or developing other persons to join and seek illegal interests
(3) the organizer or business operator, through the development personnel, requests other personnel developed by the development personnel to join, forms the relationship between the upper and lower line, and calculates and pays the online remuneration based on the sales performance of the lower line, so as to seek illegal interests
in the regulations on the prohibition of pyramid schemes, the concept of hierarchical relationship is repeatedly mentioned. The hierarchical relationship formed by certain rules is only a phenomenon in many pyramid schemes. It must be related to the illegal possession of other people's property before it can be suspected of pyramid schemes.
One year, five million three years and ten million five years for one million According to Article 225 of the criminal law of the people's Republic of China, the crime of illegal business operation refers to one of the following illegal business operations in violation of state regulations
(1) engaging in the business of monopoly or monopoly goods or other restricted goods as stipulated by laws and administrative regulations without permission (2) to buy and sell import and export licenses, certificates of origin for import and export, and other business licenses or approval documents stipulated by laws and administrative regulations (3) illegally engaging in securities, futures or insurance business, or illegally engaging in fund settlement business without the approval of the relevant competent department of the state (4) engaging in other illegal business activities, disturbing the market order, and the circumstances are seriousextended information:
other illegal operations that seriously disrupt the order of the market economy
(1) illegal trading of foreign exchange (2) illegal operation of publications (3) illegal operation of telecommunication business (4) adding clenbuterol hydrochloride and other prohibited articles in feed and animal drinking water (5) setting up internet service business premises (i.e. Internet cafes) or engaging in Internet service business activities without authorization (6) illegal operation of lottery tickets
subject of the crime
the subject of this crime is the general subject, that is, all the natural persons who reach the age of criminal responsibility and have the ability of criminal responsibility. Units established according to law and with the ability of responsibility can also become the subject of this crime
According to the original intention of this article, the subject of this crime refers to the operator, but under the condition of market economy, if the subject of this crime is limited to a special subject, many behaviors of buying and selling goods without any business license (non operator), import and export license and import and export certificate of origin will not be punished. Therefore, the subject of this crime is the general subject. Unit can also constitute the subject of this crime
subjective aspect
subjective aspect is composed of intention, and has the purpose of seeking illegal profits. If the actor does not seek illegal profits for the purpose, but because he does not understand the laws and regulations, he should not be punished as this crime, but should be investigated for administrative responsibility by the competent department
In other words, illegal business operators must violate relevant instrial and commercial laws and regulations, and there is no criminal illegality without administrative illegality Subjectively, it requires that the actor must be intentional and for the purpose of making profits. For those who do not know that they are illegal but engage in illegal business and not for the purpose of making profits, they are not considered to constitute, but can only be given administrative punishment However, whether the circumstances are serious or not should be judged by the amount of illegal business and income, whether the perpetrator has carried out illegal business, whether he has caused heavy losses to the state or other serious consequences, and whether he still does not repent after administrative punishment