Linux Ethereum installation

1.

How to use the Linux system mining, to use the service of the HA Yu miner, only need two steps, you can mine on the Linux system

1. open the website, input the mobile phone number, select how many CPUs you want to use for mining, the default is to use 50% of the CPU for mining, click to generate your exclusive command and



in two steps, you can mine on Linux system, the money you dig only needs to go to the website of hayu miner, enter your mobile phone number to withdraw< br />

3.

It is a kind of optical fiber Ethernet interface card, which transmits signals according to Ethernet communication protocol. It is generally connected with optical fiber Ethernet switch through optical cable

eth0 and eth1 are used to distinguish network card names. They have the same meaning as windows local connection 1 and local connection 2

the subnet card here is not a practical network interface, but it can flash in the system as a collection interface, such as eth0:1, eth1:2

extended data:

linux operating system embeds TCP / IP protocol stack, and protocol software has routing and forwarding function. Routing and forwarding rely on the installation of multiple network cards in the host as routers

when a network card receives a degree packet, the system kernel will query the routing table according to the destination IP address of the degree packet, then send the degree packet to another network card according to the query result, and finally send the degree packet through the network card. The process of host is the core function of router

routing function is realized by modifying Linux kernel parameters. The sysctl command is used to configure and display kernel parameters in the / proc / sys directory

for security reasons, Linux kernel forbids packet routing and forwarding by default. In Linux system, there are two ways to enable forwarding function: temporary and permanent

4. CP ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth1
then VI ifcfg-eth1
according to the parameter settings in it, you can

the easiest way is if you have the installation of subset
use subset

5. Here are the command names by function
monitor the overall bandwidth usage - nload, bmon, slurm, BWM ng, CBM, speedometer and netload
monitor the overall bandwidth usage (batch output) - vnstat, ifstat, dstat and collect
the bandwidth usage of each socket connection - iftop, iptraf, tcptrack, pktstat Netwatch and trafhow
bandwidth usage of each process -- nethogs
1. Nload
nload is a command-line tool that allows users to monitor inbound and outbound traffic separately. It can also draw charts to show inbound and outbound traffic, and the view scale can be adjusted. It's easy to use and doesn't support many options
therefore, if you only need to quickly view the total bandwidth usage, and do not need the details of each process, nload is very convenient to use
$nload
install nload: Fedora and Ubuntu have nload in the default software library. CentOS users need to obtain nloads from the EPEL software library
# Fedora or CentOS $Yum install nload - y # Ubuntu / Debian $sudo apt get install nload
2. Iftop
iftop can measure the data transmitted through each socket connection; It works differently from nload. Iftop uses pcap library to capture the packets in and out of the network adapter, and then summarizes the packet size and number to find out the total bandwidth usage
although iftop reports the bandwidth used by each connection, it cannot report the process name / number (ID) participating in a nested word connection. However, based on the pcap library, iftop can filter traffic and report the bandwidth usage of the selected host connection specified by the filter
$sudo iftop - N
n option can prevent iftop from resolving IP address to host name, which will bring extra network traffic
install iftop: Ubuntu / Debian / Fedora users can get it from the default software library. CentOS users can get it from EPEL
# Fedora or CentOS Yum install iftop - y # Ubuntu or Debian $sudo apt get install iftop
3. Iptraf
iptraf is an interactive and colorful IP LAN monitoring tool. It can display the amount of data transferred between each connection and between hosts. Here is a screen shot
$sudo iptraf
install iptraf:
# CentOS (basic software library) $Yum install iptraf # Fedora or CentOS (with EPEL) $Yum install iptraf ng - y # Ubuntu or Debian $sudo apt get install iptraf iptraf ng
4. Nethogs
nethogs is a compact & quot; net top" Tool, which can display the bandwidth used by each process, sort the list, and rank the process that consumes the most bandwidth at the top. In case of a sudden surge in bandwidth usage, users can quickly open nethogs to find the process that causes the surge in bandwidth usage. Nethogs can report the process number (PID), user and path of the program
$sudo nethogs
install nethogs: users of Ubuntu, Debian and fedora can get it from the default software library. CentOS users need EPEL
# Ubuntu or Debian (default software library) $sudo apt get install nethogs # Fedora or CentOS (from EPEL) $sudo Yum install nethogs - y
5. Bmon
bmon (bandwidth monitor) is a tool similar to nload, which can display the traffic load of all network interfaces on the system. The output also contains charts and sections with detailed information at the packet level
install bmon: users of Ubuntu, Debian and fedora can install it from the default software library. CentOS users need to install repoforge because there is no bmon in EPEL
# Ubuntu or Debian $sudo apt get install bmon # Fedora or CentOS (from repoforge) $sudo Yum install bmon
bmon supports many options and can proce HTML reports. For more information, see the reference man page
6. Slurm
slurm is another network load monitor, which can display the statistical information of the device and also display ASCII graphics. It supports three different types of graphics, each of which can be activated by using the C key, s key and l key. Slurm is simple and cannot display any further details about the network load
$slurm - S - I eth0
install slurm
# Debian or Ubuntu $sudo apt get install slurm # Fedora or CentOS $sudo Yum install slurm - y
7. Tcptrack
tcptrack is similar to iftop. Pcap library is used to capture packets and calculate various statistical information, such as bandwidth used by each connection. It also supports standard pcap filters that can be used to monitor specific connections
install tcptrack: Ubuntu, Debian and fedora are included in the default software library. CentOS users need to get it from repoforge because it is not in EPEL
# Ubuntu, Debian $sudo apt get install tcptrack # Fedora, CentOS (from repoforge software library) $sudo Yum install tcptrack
8. Vnstat
vnstat is a little different from most other tools. It actually runs background services / daemons and keeps track of the size of the data transferred. In addition, it can be used to proce reports showing the history of network usage
$service vnstat status * vnstat daemon is running
running vnstat without any options will only display the total amount of data transferred since the daemon has been running< br />$ vnstat Database updated: Mon Mar 17 15:26:59 2014 eth0 since 06/12/13 rx: 135.14 GiB tx: 35.76 GiB total: 170.90 GiB monthly rx | tx | total | avg. rate ------------------------+-------------+-------------+------------- Feb ' 14 8.19 GiB | 2.08 GiB | 10.27 GiB | 35.60 kbit/s Mar ' 14 4.98 GiB | 1.52 GiB | 6.50 GiB | 37.93 kbit/s ------------------------+-------------+-------------+------------- estimated 9.28 GiB | 2.83 GiB | 12.11 GiB | daily rx | tx | total | avg. rate ------------------------+-------------+-------------+------------- yesterday 236.11 MiB | 98.61 MiB |334.72 MIB | 31.74 kbit / s today 128.55 MIB | 41.00 MIB | 169.56 MIB | 24.97 kbit / S- l" Option (real time mode). It then shows the total amount of bandwidth used by inbound and outbound data, but very precisely, without any internal details about host connections or processes
$vnstat - L - I eth0 monitoring eth0... (press ctrl-c to stop) Rx: 12 kbit / s 10 P / s TX: 12 kbit / S 11 P / s
vnstat is more like a tool for making historical reports, showing how much bandwidth is used every day or in the past month. It is not strictly a tool for real-time monitoring network
vnstat supports many options. Please refer to the manual page for details of which options are supported
install vnstat
# Ubuntu or Debian $sudo apt get install vnstat # Fedora or CentOS (from EPEL) $sudo Yum install vnstat
9. BWM ng
BWM ng (next generation bandwidth monitor) is another very simple real-time network load monitoring tool, which can report summary information, Displays the transmission speed of different data in and out of all available network interfaces on the system< br />$ bwm-ng bwm-ng v0.6 (probing every 0.500s), press ' h' for help input: /proc/net/dev type: rate / iface Rx Tx T ot================================================================= == eth0: 0.53 KB/s 1.31 KB/s 1.84 KB lo: 0.00 KB/s 0.00 KB/s 0.00 KB----------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total: 0.53 KB / s 1.31 KB / s 1.84 KB / s
if the console is large enough, BWM ng can also use curses2 output mode to draw bar graph for traffic
$BWM ng - O curses2
install BWM ng: on CentOS, you can install BWM ng from EPEL
# Ubuntu or Debian $sudo apt get install BWM ng # Fedora or CentOS (from EPEL) $sudo apt get install BWM ng
10. CBM: color bandwidth meter
this is a small and simple bandwidth monitoring tool, which can display the traffic through various network interfaces. No further options, just real-time display and update traffic statistics
$sudo apt get install CBM
11. Speedometer
this is another small and simple tool, which only draws beautiful graphics to show the inbound and outbound traffic transmitted through a certain interface
$speedometer - R eth0 - t eth0
installing speedometer
$sudo apt get install speedometer for Ubuntu or Debian users
12. Pktstat
pktstat can display all active connections in real time and show which data is transmitted through these active connections at the speed. It can also display the connection type, such as TCP connection or UDP connection; If an HTTP connection is involved, details about the HTTP request are also displayed
$sudo pktstat - I eth0 - NT $sudo apt get install pktstat
13. Netwatch
netwatch is a part of netdiag tool library. It can also display the connections between the local host and other remote hosts, and display which data is transmitted at the speed of each connection
$sudo netwatch - e eth0 - NT $sudo apt get install netdiag
14. Trafshow
like netwatch and pktstat, trafshow can also report the current active connections, the protocols they use, and the data transfer speed on each connection. It can use pcap type filter to filter the connection
only monitor TCP connections
$sudo trafshow - I eth0 TCP $sudo apt get install netdiag
15. Netload
the netload command displays only a short report on the current traffic load and the total number of bytes transmitted since the program was started. There are no more features. It's part of netdiag
$netload eth0 $sudo apt get install netdiag
16. Ifstat
ifstat can display network bandwidth in batch mode. Output in a format that allows users to log and analyze using other programs or utilities
$ifstat - t - I eth0 0.5 time eth0 HH: mm: SS KB / s in KB / s out 09:21 2.62 2.80 09:59:22 2.10 1.78 09:59:22 2.67 1.84 09:59:23 2.06 1.98 09:59:23 1.73 1.79
install ifstat: Ubuntu, Debian and fedora users have it in the default software library. CentOS users need to get it from repoforge because it is not in EPEL
# Ubuntu, Debian $sudo apt get install ifstat # Fedora, CentOS (repoforge) $sudo Yum install ifstat
17. Dstat
dstat is a widely used tool (written in Python language), which can monitor different statistical information of the system, use batch processing mode to report, or use the correlation number

6. sudo ./configure
sudo make
sudo make install

7. Are your two network cards of the same model? Is there no driver on the machine

8. Enter ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.12 directly in the command. This is a temporary network. If Linux is restarted, it will be invalid
how to set IP in Linux? How to set eth0

after setting, check whether the network is set successfully, and select ifconfig in the command
how to set IP in Linux? How to set eth0

you can view the IP information added to eth0 in iner addr: 192.168.1.12. It indicates that the setting is successful
how to set IP in Linux? How to set eth0

in order to continue to use the network after the next restart, you need to write the network to the file, count it into / etc / sysconfig / network scripts, and find the one named ifcfg-eth0
how to set IP in Linux? How to set eth0

VI ifcfg-eth0. Is entered into this file. Enter the file

Add configuration:

IPADDR = 192.168.1.101


netmask = 255.255.255.0

gateway = 192.168.1.1

Modify: onboot = yes
how to set IP in Linux? How to set eth0
6

after setting the network successfully, you need to restart the network, service network restart network. Then check the network again
how to set IP in Linux? How to set eth0

9. 1. Use ifconfig eth0 up command to open the next network card< br />#ifconfig eth0 up
2、 Change eth0 configuration:
? VI / etc / sysconfig / network scripts / ifcfg-eth0 display:
device = eth0
onboot = no / / boot the network card
bootproto = static
IPADDR = 192.168.1.8 / / set your own valid IP address
netmask = 255.255.255.0 //Subnet mask
gateway = 192.168.1.1 / / effective gateway address
hwaddr = 00:0c: 29:96:38: F8
note that onboot = no is changed to yes, and the network card is activated
3. Restart the service
? Service network restart
configuration takes effect after restart.

10. Modify the configuration file. Now you only add hardware to the virtual machine, but there is no configuration file of network card in the system. The modified file:
/ etc / sysconfig / network scripts / ifcfg interface name

the configuration file infcfg interface name contains most of the details needed to initialize the interface. Among them, interface name will be different according to the type and order of network cards. Generally, its name is eth0, eth1, eth2, ppp0, etc., where eth stands for Ethernet type network card, 0 stands for the first network card, 1 stands for the second network card, and so on. Ppp0 represents the first point-to-point protocol network interface

that is, you first add a network card in the virtual machine, then enter Linux and modify the configuration file of the network card under etc mentioned above. If you go in, you will see an eth0. You one and change it to eth1. Then open it with VI. after modifying the IP address and other information, you can save it.