Ethereum architecture defects

1. Eth is a kind of digital token of Ethereum, which is regarded as "bitcoin version 2.0". It adopts the blockchain technology "Ethereum", which is different from bitcoin. It is an open-source public blockchain platform with intelligent contract results, and a resonance network composed of tens of thousands of computers around the world. Developers need to pay eth to support the application. Like other digital currencies, ether currency can be bought and sold on the trading platform

warm tips: the above explanations are for reference only, without any suggestions. There are risks in entering the market, so investment should be cautious. Before making any investment, you should make sure that you fully understand the nature of the investment and the risks involved in the proct. After a detailed understanding and careful evaluation of the proct, you can judge whether to participate in the transaction
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2. At the top of Ethereum is DAPP. It exchanges with the smart contract layer through Web3. JS. All smart contracts run on EVM (Ethereum virtual machine) and use RPC calls. Below EVM and RPC are the four core contents of Ethereum, including: blockchain, consensus algorithm, mining and network layer. Except DAPP, all other parts are in the Ethereum client. The most popular Ethereum client is geth (go Ethereum)

3. 1、 EOS and graphene technology
(1) faster processing speed
first of all, as far as the underlying technology is concerned, EOS claims to be able to process tens of thousands or even millions of transactions per second. What kind of technology is used to achieve this
EOS uses graphene substrate tool to process high frequency data. Let's talk about the graphene underlay tool
graphene is actually a chemical substance. Later, blockchain developers got inspiration from the molecular structure of graphene, believing that the molecular structure of graphene can be applied to the underlying structure of blockchain. So, the graphene we are talking about now basically refers to the blockchain tool group, which is written in C + +
data show that: Based on graphene underlying technology, it can achieve an average confirmation speed of 1.5s, achieve 3300tps data throughput under limited conditions, and can reach millions of TPS, even millisecond level confirmation speed
(2) strong concurrency
in addition, EOS has strong concurrency, which is also related to the underlying architecture of graphene. Concurrency, in short, means that multiple programs can be executed at the same time
EOS is a blockchain infrastructure on which developers can build their own blockchain. Chain to chain does not affect the use of resources between each other
DAPP on EOS is independent of each other and does not affect each other. There will not be a large area of congestion e to the huge resources consumed by indivial application developers on the platform
(3) free
in addition, compared with Ethereum, the most important point of EOS is free. Free is very competitive. In the past, we had to pay fees through bank card transfer, but Alipay and WeChat appeared later. In the early stage, free transfers can be realized through applications such as Alipay and WeChat. It is believed that ring the free time, payment methods such as Alipay and WeChat were graally popularized and accepted by the public.
as we said before, Ethereum transactions need to pay gas, which means that you have to pay a certain Ethereum service charge for each transaction, but it does not need to consume EOS token to conct smart contract and transfer transactions on EOS
there are three main sources of EOS value: bandwidth and journal storage (disk), calculation and calculation backlog (CPU), and state memory (RAM). Resources are allocated according to the number of EOS held by the account, which can attract a larger number of users, so as to meet multiple business scenarios< (4) strong security
compared with Ethereum's smart contract, EOS increases security
we know that there is no legislature in the world of blockchain, so the underlying code is equivalent to the law in real life
however, when it comes to code, bugs cannot be avoided, especially for smart contracts. The harm of bugs is very great, and your digital assets will face great risks
although Ethereum has established various applications and code standards for smart contracts, they can not meet the business needs, and EOS stipulates that the task cannot be fully performed only by code
EOS believes that the source code protocol must be readable. Generally speaking, when a system error occurs, blockchain procers can distinguish what kind of bug the error is based on the readability information, and judge whether the community repair is correct through the readability information< Second, consensus mechanism of EOS: dpos
the consensus mechanism adopted by EOS is "dpos", which means "proof of entrusted rights and interests" in Chinese
Ethereum uses POS (proof of equity). In short, the more money you hold, the more rights you will have in Ethereum
then, EOS proposes dpos on the basis of Ethereum POS (proof of equity), that is, it adds a "Commission" before the proof of equity, to whom? Delegate to the supernode
in the setting of EOS, the super node of EOS should be selected from 100 standby nodes through voting by all users holding money, and finally 21 nodes with accounting rights will be selected
this is a bit similar to the "people's Congress system" in our country. A deputy to the people's Congress represents the interests of a group of people; A super node represents the interests of a group of ordinary nodes. In dpos, there is no need to solve the hash function, but the procer is elected by the holder. Therefore, compared with pow, the efficiency of dpos mechanism in dealing with transactions has been greatly improved
however, there are some defects in dpos. It needs to solve the problem of community voting enthusiasm and rece the number of nodes in order to speed up the voting process, thus aggravating the "centralization" problem
the above advantages enable EOS to rise rapidly, especially in China, the strength of EOS community is very huge
in fact, it's useless for most people to tell them how powerful EOS technology is and how much better it is compared with Ethereum and bitcoin, because it's more about how much dividend you can get from it
three what makes people say EOS is a bubble?
obviously, EOS gives people the hope to get a huge dividend. What hope
with the rapid rise of EOS, people can see the real hope of DAPP application in blockchain. People are eager to hoard enough EOS and get more chips before the large-scale outbreak of DAPP, and then wait for its price to rise tenfold, hundredfold, thousandfold...
however, the answers submitted by EOS are not so satisfactory. In terms of transaction speed, EOS can actually process thousands of transactions per second, which is far from the "million level" described in the publicity
although DAPP has really appeared, it is basically similar to "capital disk" projects or simple games with low operability and poor experience
some time ago, there was a rumor that BM, the founder, was suspected of "abandoning the ship" and running away
BM, speaking in the EOS telegraph group, said: it intends to break the original design, abandon the original consensus mechanism of EOS, and redesign a system that can perfectly solve the problems of centralization, privacy and capacity expansion. This new design will reach tens of millions of TPS...
it's hard to say the future direction of EOS, The reason why the killer DAPP didn't appear can't all be attributed to EOS, which involves the constraints of policy, development team and so on
however, compared with bitcoin and Ethereum, EOS has made some progress and innovation, so we say it is the representative of the blockchain 3.0 era.

4. Ethereum architecture consciousness is the 6-tier architecture of regional block chain. They are: data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer. I personally feel that the best thing to do in Ethereum development is Shengshi Huacai, which is very professional

5. I plan to start a series to talk about architecture. My previous experience is mainly in the area of Internet architecture. Recently, I am sorting out and analyzing the architecture of bitcoin, Ethereum and EOS, so I am going to write a series of articles to talk about the understanding of Internet architecture and blockchain architecture. It will be divided into four articles: 1. Internet proct architecture, 2. Bitcoin architecture analysis, 3. Ethereum architecture analysis, 4. EOS architecture analysis
there is no central server in Ethereum. Instead, there are many equal nodes connected by P2P protocol, which store all the data in many nodes. When a user initiates a transaction, the transaction will be broadcast out through P2P protocol. The miner node verifies, packages and further broadcasts the transaction to the whole network. After confirmation in the blockchain, the operation is considered to be unchangeable
in the articles on blockchain on the Internet, the two words distributed and decentralized are mentioned, sometimes slightly different, sometimes mixed. The author thinks that if we want to distinguish accurately, the distributed system emphasizes that multiple components work together by sending messages, and the decentralized system emphasizes that there is no central node to control the operation of the whole system. Therefore, we think that Ethereum is both decentralized and distributed, or running a decentralized program on a distributed platform.

6. It is recommended that celletf be a decentralized trading platform. Celletf is a comprehensive application platform (celletf. IO). Relying on the deployment of Ethereum public chain, including a number of smart contracts / protocols, passive quotation mechanism and ETF's primary and secondary al market architecture, celletf can embrace the infinite possibility of defi with only one site.

7. Laikelib main chain: the main chain of laikelib mainly deals with the interaction between the application business model and the application scenario. Laikelib side chain: around the main chain, any application system can be developed in the side chain for users to use.

8. There are people using ethna. What are you going to do??? Do you need to work on projects? error: Class \&# 39; Ethna_ AppManager\&# 39; not found? ? The reason for the problem is that you don't find ethna in your PHP file_ Appmanager class. Your problem can be solved by using the name of the ethna add app object table?? Among the generated files, the file I generated is called LDL_ User. PHP, add this? require_ once(\& quot; ethna.php\& quot;); Can solve, but the premise is your PHP. INI file include_ Ethna & # 92 has been added to path&# 92; The absolute path of class. This path is the path Apache searches when include and require. In addition, I didn't succeed in connecting Oracle with pear:: dB, but I succeeded in connecting mysql. It seems that Oracle can't run because of the SQL statement automatically generated by ehtna. I'm looking for the reason! Good luck

9. Ethereum, the world's second largest cryptocurrency, once broke through $3400

Ethereum, the world's second largest cryptocurrency, broke through $3000 for the first time on Monday, and rose further on Tuesday, once breaking through $3400, reaching a new high. Its market value once reached US $395.2 billion, ranking 18th in the global asset market value, surpassing MasterCard and NVIDIA and approaching Wal Mart. Traders attribute the rise of bitcoin to the rise of bitcoin at the end of 2020, and the upgrade of blockchain Ethernet makes bitcoin more useful. So far this year, Ethereum has grown by about 365%

bitcoin network is actually a distributed database, and Ethernet goes a step further. It can be seen as a distributed computer: the blockchain is the ROM of the computer, the contract is the program, and the miner of Ethernet is responsible for the calculation and plays the role of CPU. Of course, this computer is not and can not be used for free, otherwise anyone can store all kinds of junk information and carry out all kinds of trivial calculations

OK, that's what we're going to share in this issue