Ethereum Ice Age

1. When will the next big ice age come

will we have another big ice age? In fact, this problem itself has some problems, because from a larger time scale, human beings are now in a big ice age - the late Cenozoic big ice age, which is also the most recent big ice age in the history of the earth

about 8000-10000 years ago, the world became warm again, a large number of glaciers and ice sheets disappeared or contracted, and the earth entered the post glacial period. However, the glaciers and ice sheets on all continents have not completely disappeared. Although we can see a lot of evidence directly now, e to many clues, there is no clear division of details about this ice age. Some German scholars believe that there are four small glacial periods and three interglacial periods. Li Siguang, a Chinese geologist, also believes that there are four glacial periods, but because the observation points are all in China, the division method is different from that of foreign researchers, including Poyang glacial period, Dagushan glacial period, Lushan glacial period and Dali glacial period.

2. Some scientists predict that the earth's next ice age will first appear after 15000 years, provided that human activities have no serious impact on the earth ring this period.

3. Since the birth of the earth, the temperature on the earth has experienced a cycle of warm period and glacial period every tens of thousands of years or so. According to geological data, there have been more than 30 times in 800000 years. Between the two glacial periods, the earth's temperature is warmer, which is called interglacial period. Therefore, the earth's climate changes graally at a slow speed, The most famous of them is the four older glacial periods, whose names are listed as follows:
Poyang glacial period 1.37-1.5 million years ago
Dagu glacial period 1.05-1.2 million years ago
Lushan glacial period 100-320000 years ago
Dali glacial period 1-11000 years ago
ring the glacial period, the global temperature will drop, The temperature of Antarctica will be about 11 degrees centigrade lower than the current temperature. Due to a large amount of sea ice, the sea level will shrink and the land area will expand. At the same time, the tropical and subtropical areas will also shrink.
the earth's climate will continue to repeat the cycle of ice age and warm period. The cold ice age will last about 100000 years, and then there will be a warm period of 10000 years, And it has lasted for about 15000 years. The biggest difference between the warm period at this stage and the past is that it is in the jumping period of sudden cold and sudden heat. Therefore, scientists believe that according to the nonlinear rules of jumping, and computer simulation results show that there is no reason for human beings to ignore the warning of sudden global cold. Europe may be the first region on earth to become cold

4. The great ice age has a cycle of 150 million years. There are different opinions about the cause of the great ice age, but many researchers think that it may be related to the cycle of the solar system in the Milky way. Some people think that the luminosity of the sun is the smallest when it moves to the region near the silver center, which makes the planet cool and forms the great ice age on the earth; Some people think that the material distribution in the galaxy is uneven, and when the sun passes through the area with high interstellar material density, it reces the solar radiation energy and forms the great ice age on the earth<

main factors
1. The decrease of sunshine in summer is the main reason. The variation of sunshine amount in summer is related to the eccentricity of the earth orbit, the angle of ecliptic and equatorial plane and the precession
2. The luminosity of the sun is the lowest when it moves near the silver center, which makes the planet cold and forms the great ice age on the earth
3. The material distribution in the Milky way is uneven. When the sun passes through the area with high interstellar material density, it reces the solar radiation energy and forms the great ice age on the earth
4. It is directly related to the decrease of the earth's surface temperature. The rise and fall of temperature is affected by the changes of atmospheric composition and solar radiation energy, and also by various factors in the orbit of the earth and the sun
small scale glacial periods occur every 20000-40000 years, and large-scale glacial periods occur every 100000 years. Scientists believe that the irregularity of the earth's orbit changes how much energy it absorbs, causing the earth to cool suddenly. But the research shows that the influence of the irregularity of the earth's orbit on the earth's absorption of solar energy accounts for only 1% of the total

5. Since the birth of the earth, every tens of thousands of years or so, the earth's temperature will experience a warm period and ice age cycle. According to geological data, it has occurred more than 30 times in 800000 years. Between the two glacial periods, the earth's temperature is warmer, known as the interglacial period. Therefore, the earth's climate is graally changing at a slow rate, not invariable< Among them, the most famous four glacial periods are listed as follows:
Poyang glacial period 1.37-1.5 million years ago
Dagu glacial period 1.05-1.2 million years ago
Lushan glacial period 100-320000 years ago
Dali glacial period 10-11000 years ago

when the glacial period comes, the global temperature will drop, The temperature in the South Pole will be about 11 degrees centigrade lower than it is now. Because a lot of sea water freezes, the sea level will shrink and the land area will expand. At the same time, the tropical and subtropical areas will shrink

the earth's climate repeats the cycle of glacial and warm periods. The severe cold glacial period lasts about 100000 years, and then there will be a warm period of 10000 years. At present, the earth is in a warm period, which has lasted for about 15000 years. The biggest difference between the present warm period and the past is that it is in the jumping period of sudden cold and sudden heat. Therefore, scientists believe that, according to the nonlinear rules of jump analysis, and computer simulation results show that human beings have no reason to ignore the warning that the world may suddenly become cold. Europe is likely to be the first region on earth to cool

since the birth of the earth, the temperature on the earth will experience a cycle of warm period and glacial period every tens of thousands of years or so. According to geological data, it has occurred more than 30 times in 800000 years. Between the two glacial periods, the earth's temperature is warmer, known as the interglacial period. Therefore, the earth's climate is graally changing at a slow rate, not invariable< Among them, the most famous four glacial periods are listed as follows:
Poyang glacial period 1.37-1.5 million years ago
Dagu glacial period 1.05-1.2 million years ago
Lushan glacial period 100-320000 years ago
Dali glacial period 10-11000 years ago

when the glacial period comes, the global temperature will drop, The temperature in the South Pole will be about 11 degrees centigrade lower than it is now. Because a lot of sea water freezes, the sea level will shrink and the land area will expand. At the same time, the tropical and subtropical areas will shrink

the earth's climate repeats the cycle of glacial and warm periods. The severe cold glacial period lasts about 100000 years, and then there will be a warm period of 10000 years. At present, the earth is in a warm period, which has lasted for about 15000 years. The biggest difference between the present warm period and the past is that it is in the jumping period of sudden cold and sudden heat. Therefore, scientists believe that, according to the nonlinear rules of jump analysis, and computer simulation results show that human beings have no reason to ignore the warning that the world may suddenly become cold. Europe is likely to be the first region on earth to cool
ice age, also known as the glacial age, refers to the fact that the earth's land and sea were covered by ice in some years, and these ice covered areas are much wider than those covered by ice now. During the ice age, ice covered a large area of the world, and the climate in these areas was very cold; There is a lot of ice in the ocean, and the ground is thick with ice. At the same time, because more water is stored in ice, the sea level is lower

in the two geological periods called the end of Precambrian (600 million years ago) and Ordovician (about 450 million years ago), the ice age may have occurred several times. We can still see the remains of the Ordovician ice age in today's Sahara Desert - there are traces of grinding and scraping on the rocks in vast areas, which are left by the passing ice. Scientists believe that there were eight ice ages and eight warm periods in the history of the earth

ring the ice age, many places in Europe, northern Asia and North America were covered with large areas of ice and snow, and the present ice cap and ice layer were left at that time. The movement of the ice changed the land. The ice layer scrapes away large pieces of rock, and the scraps accumulate at the edge of the ice layer, which is called moraine. When the weather is warmer, ice and snow melt and the range of the ice layer shrinks, the moraine stays on the ground and is carried to other places by the water flowing down from the melting ice layer. The mountains and basins once covered by ice have formed many new lakes and rivers

in addition, some scientists predict that the earth's next ice age will occur as early as 15000 years later, provided that human activities have no serious impact on the earth ring this period

the ice age refers to the period when a large area of land on the earth's surface is covered by glaciers. In the past life history of the earth, ice age appeared repeatedly; In at least 800000 years ago, the earth has experienced more than 30 ice ages
how cold was the earth ring the ice age

actually, it sounds a bit surprising. During the ice age, the temperature may have dropped only four or five degrees centigrade in 100000 years. But notice that this is just a global average. When the ice age comes, the polar ice caps will expand, and the distribution of subtropical regions will move toward the equator. In some areas, such as coastal areas, e to the regulation of the ocean, or the equatorial areas with strong sunshine all the year round, the temperature change may be small; But in some areas, such as inland areas, desert areas or areas with other special topography and environment, the temperature drop is very obvious

can organisms survive

the decrease of temperature not only changes the plant phase on the surface, but also indirectly or directly changes the living environment of animals, making many animals face extinction or forced migration. Of course, the species that can adapt to the changed environment will survive

when was the last time

when the ice age comes, the temperature decreases slowly and graally. The most recent ice age occurred about 18000 years ago. According to scientists' research results, the climate was cold at that time. About one third of the world's land was covered by 240 meters of ice

does the earth have an ice age? Is there a "hot period"

the interglacial period is between the end of the ice age and the coming of the next ice age; The climate was warm ring the interglacial period. For example, the earth was in the interglacial period. Apart from the glacial and interglacial periods, there is no third particularly hot period

ring the ice age, the ice did not directly freeze in the ocean, but the glaciers on the land expanded, a large number of ice stayed on the land, it was not easy to return to the sea, and the water body of the ocean decreased, As a result, the sea level dropped.

the four major ice ages in the world

the names of foreign glaciations, the ages of Chinese glaciations (ten thousand years) and the geological ages

the guniz glaciation, the Poyang glaciation, the 137-150 glaciation and the end of Jurassic

the Mindel glaciation, the Dagu glaciation, the 105-120 glaciation and the Cretaceous

the rice glaciation Mountain glacial period 10-32 tertiary Oligocene

Wurm glacial period Dali glacial period 1-11 quaternary Pleistocene

there is a change cycle of 400000 years, but it has not been observed. Therefore, geophysicists and meteorologists believe that although Kirkby's cosmic ray theory is controversial, it is not too crazy and worth studying.

was ice ages caused by the change of the total amount of cosmic rays attacking the earth? According to research, the influence of cosmic rays is on the clouds, and then lead to the earth's climate change. This paper studies the variation of beryllium-10 content in deep-sea sediments. Beryllium-10 is proced when cosmic rays impact air molecules in the earth's atmosphere, so the cosmic ray flux can be deced from the beryllium-10 content. They believe that these data show that cosmic ray flux seems to be related to the ice age cycle

the more the cosmic ray flux is, the more the cloud amount appears to increase, and the climate is colder; On the contrary, when the cosmic ray flux is less, the cloud amount is less, so the climate becomes warmer. At the beginning, these scientists believed that when the intensity of the solar wind (the stream of charged particles emitted by the sun) changes, it will lead to the change of cosmic ray flux

in addition to the intensity change of the solar wind (the influence scale is 10-1000 years), two new mechanisms are added, one is the change of the earth's magnetic field (the influence scale is 100-10000 years), the other is the particle flow from outside the solar system (the influence scale is more than 10 million years)

among them, the change of geomagnetic field is the orbital movement of the geomagnetic mechanism, that is, the direction and intensity of geomagnetic field will change with time; This change was recently discovered by measuring the long-term variation of the geomagnetic field, which was also shown in the 220 000 year long beryllium-10 data of Kirkby et al. And the stalagmites found in northern Oman of Arabian Peninsula and the Alps of Austria in Europe also confirmed the existence of this situation. The upper figure on the left shows the change of beryllium-10 content in deep-sea sediments (the red line is the change of cosmic ray flux GCR) over the past 220000 years. The blue line represents the current global average temperature, the area above the line represents the warmer climate, and the area below the line represents the colder climate. The following figure on the left shows the geomagnetic changes measured by various methods, and the red line is still beryllium-10, which shows a fairly consistent trend< In 1912, Milutin Milankovitch, a Serb astrophysicist, put forward the "insolation model of solar cycles" which is currently recognized as the cause of the ice age cycle: the ice age was caused by the change of the amount of sunlight reaching the earth, The main reason for the change of solar light quantity is that the orbit shape of the earth around the sun has a periodic and gentle change. However, although the solar theory can explain the 41000 year cycle of prehistoric climate change, it can not explain the 100000 year cycle of climate change observed now; In addition, the theory predicts a period of 400000 years, but it has not been observed.

6.

The earth has gone through four ice ages before

In the Precambrian period from 570 million to 680 million years ago, the earth experienced the first glacial period,

from 410 million to 470 million years ago, the earth experienced the second glacial period

The famous Quaternary glacial period began 2.5 million years ago and has continued to this day

ring the ice age, ice covered a large area of the world, and the climate in these areas was very cold; There is a lot of ice in the ocean, and the ground is thick with ice. At the same time, because more water is stored in ice, the sea level is lower

There is a cycle of 150 million years for the occurrence of the great ice age in the

extended data. There are different opinions about the cause of the great ice age, but many researchers think that it may be related to the cycle of the solar system in the Milky way

Some people think that the luminosity of the sun is the minimum when it moves to the region near the silver center, which makes the planets cool and forms the great ice age on the earth; Some people think that the material distribution in the galaxy is uneven, and when the sun passes through the area with high interstellar material density, it reces the solar radiation energy and forms the great ice age on the earth

source: Internet ice age