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Block confirmation quantity Ethereum

Publish: 2021-04-24 11:57:11
1. This is not a rigid rule. It has nothing to do with blockchain. There is a relationship between the algorithm of this currency. The confirmation method of each currency is different, so this is not a rigid rule
the confirmation times of bitcoin are different from that of Ruitai coin, Laite coin and doggy coin.
2.

a brief history of etheric Classics (etc)

etheric classics began with an unfortunate event

in May 2016, the decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) held a token sale with the goal of establishing a blockchain based venture capital to fund future decentralized applications (dapps) in the Ethereum ecosystem

basically, Dao is a complex smart contract that operates in a decentralized way - computer code that automatically performs tasks between multiple parties when conditions are met

despite its ambitious goals and successful token sales, Dao's code has a major vulnerability that allows attackers to steal eth from decentralized organizations

the attacker took advantage of this vulnerability in June 2016, triggering the infamous Dao hacking event, and maliciously stole eth worth about US $50 million

there is no doubt that Dao hacking has shocked Ethereum community and made eth price drop from $20 to $13

after the Dao hacking, the Ethereum community has to choose from three options

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  • do nothing and try to bear the consequences of the attack

  • start soft bifurcation to recover funds

  • deploy a hard fork to recover the lost eth

  • both soft and hard bifurcations are significant network upgrades. However, soft fork allows users who are not upgraded to communicate with upgraded users, while hard fork is not backward compatible with previous versions

    as developers realize that deploying soft forks will expose the network to distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, Ethereum community decides to initiate hard forks to recover the funds lost in Dao hacking attacks

    although this scheme is supported by most people, a small number of people in Ethereum community oppose it. They think that "code is the law" and blockchain network should be unchangeable

    the failure of both sides to reach an agreement on the solution eventually led to the fragmentation of Ethereum blockchain

    those who tried to recover the lost eth chose the hard fork and opened the Ethereum (ETH) blockchain as we know it today, while another group stayed on the original Ethereum classic (etc) chain

    what problems does ethereal classic solve

    Ethernet classic (etc) is a blockchain platform that allows developers to deploy smart contracts and dapps

    although this function is the same as Ethereum (ETH), etc blockchain has two main differences

    first of all, Ethereum classic community opposes tampering with distributed ledger and supports the view that "blockchain network cannot and should not be modified"

    secondly, although there is no rigid upper limit on the total supply of eth, it is allowed to create 230 million etc at most by adopting the monetary policy of constant supply

    as a bonus item, ethereal classic launched Atlantis hard bifurcation last year to increase the interaction with Ethereum and improve the privacy protection of transactions through ZK snarks

    the trading platforms recommended by ethereal classic etc are: Fire coin, okex, AAX, etc

    3.

    what is Ethereum:

    Ethereum is an innovation based on the application of technologies and concepts in bitcoin to computers. Ethereum itself imitates a lot of bitcoin technology to maintain the computer platform. Blockchain technology is one of them
    Ethereum platform can safely run any program users want

    advantages of Ethereum over other competitive currencies before Ethereum appeared, some digital currencies imitated bitcoin. However, these projects have their own shortcomings, they can only support one or several specific applications at the same time< However, the reason why Ethereum can surpass the limitations of these projects in the past is because of the core idea of Ethereum

    what Ethereum wants to implement is a blockchain protocol with built-in programming language. Since it supports programming language, in theory, any blockchain application can be defined with this language, and then run on Ethereum's blockchain protocol as an application

    The design of Ethereum is very flexible and adaptable

    Ethereum target sets the advantages of blockchain technology, in order to add the advantages of blockchain, such as decentralization, openness and security, to almost all computing fields

    blockchain applications of Ethereum

    Ethereum has many blockchain applications, such as digital applications of gold and stocks, financial derivatives applications, DNS and digital authentication, etc

    Ethereum has achieved more than 100 blockchain applications by many start-ups

    Ethereum has also been closely watched by some financial institutions, banking consortia (such as R3), as well as large companies like Samsung, Deloitte, RWE and IBM. As a result, a number of blockchain applications such as simplified and automated financial transactions, merchant loyalty index tracking, and gift cards designed to achieve decentralization of electronic transactions have emerged

    the relationship between Ethereum and blockchain:

    Ethereum is a programmable blockchain

    Ethereum does not give users a series of preset operations (such as bitcoin transaction), but allows users to create complex operations according to their own wishes

    in this way, Ethereum can be used as a platform for various types of decentralized blockchain applications, including but not limited to cryptocurrency

    like other blockchains, Ethereum also has a peer-to-peer network protocol. Ethereum blockchain database is maintained and updated by many nodes connected to the network. Each network node runs the Ethereum simulator and executes the same instructions. Therefore, people sometimes call Ethereum "world computer"

    4. Ethereum blockchain has exposed three major problems, and its founder vitalik buterin has been unable to interpret them for a long time. The first is the low performance and TPS of Ethereum blockchain as a whole; The second is that resources are not isolated. The event of cryptokitties virtual cat once occupied 20% of the traffic of the whole Ethereum, which directly caused Ethereum network users unable to carry out timely transactions, which is the biggest pain point of resources not isolated; The third problem lies in the embodiment of Ethereum's governance structure. As a decentralized distributed ledger, the founder team of Ethereum has dominated its network development in the past. The over centralized governance mode has led to the bifurcation of eth, etc and ETF in Ethereum, and the Ethereum community is now in a state of fragmented governance. In the view of Ma Haobo, founder and CEO of "aelf", all kinds of disadvantages of Ethereum are unacceptable. Therefore, the positioning of "aelf" is born for the next generation of decentralized underlying computing platform of Ethereum, which focuses on solving the problems of insufficient performance, non isolation of resources and governance structure of Ethereum.
    5.

    At present, whether a digital currency is a valuable currency basically belongs to the "angel wheel" stage. There are three criteria to determine whether a digital currency is a valuable currency: one is the team, the other is the economic model, and the third is the instry demand

    The randomness of the

    team is too great, so we will not discuss it here. This paper first makes a detailed analysis of the economic model of digital currency. In the following article, the author will analyze some digital currencies according to different instries

    Strictly speaking, the economic model involved in this paper is not completely equivalent to the concept described in economics. Especially in digital currency, currency consensus mechanism and incentive mechanism

    Consensus mechanism is the strategy and method for each node in the blockchain system to reach an agreement, which should be selected flexibly according to the different types of system and application scenarios

    common consensus mechanisms include pow, POS, dpos, pbft (and its variants), etc. In addition, based on the different application scenarios of blockchain technology and the characteristics of various consensus mechanisms, this paper evaluates the technical level of various consensus mechanisms according to the following dimensions:

    A) compliance supervision: whether super permission nodes are supported to supervise the nodes and data of the whole network

    b) performance efficiency: the efficiency of reaching a consensus and being confirmed

    Resource consumption: CPU, network input and output, storage and other computer resources consumed in the process of consensus

    d) fault tolerance: the ability to prevent attacks and fraud

    1 instry background

    looking for Instry pain points: asset management needs professional team and knowledge, but now most digital currency investors do not have it; The fluctuation of digital money market is huge, and investors can't keep the value of assets in the falling market

    2 own advantages

    in the stock and futures markets for many years, has a mature and high-quality asset management team; AI big data team has strong technical strength

    3 Market Research

    after market research, it is estimated that the market value of asset management will be about US $1 billion in the next five years

    4 total amount of digital currency

    after considering the expected asset management market value, development cycle and difficulty, we will consider issuing 2 billion pieces of XT based on Ethereum erc20 digital currency, and never issue additional ones

    5 allocation method

    early stage investors hold 10%, teams hold 20%, business operation 10%, community construction 10%, and investors hold 50%

    6 digital currency release / repo mechanism

    the release mechanism can be divided into three categories:

    the first category: the money holding part of business operation is fully unlocked, and the purpose is limited to business and operation activities

    the second type: the release mechanism of community construction is that community members release exclusive information, cooperation platform release exclusive project progress and so on. According to the number of participating IDS, the corresponding proportion of XT is released (publishers and participants get 50% each) until all the releases are completed (after the release, the follow-up reward comes from the platform profit pool)

    the third category: investors hold the mainstream digital currency, conct asset management in the platform, release a certain amount of XT according to the exchange ratio, and the early investors and the team hold part of it synchronously and unlock it according to the proportion

    the repo mechanism is: 50% of the profit (in XT) will be returned to the holder; The rest goes into the platform profit pool, and 50% of XT in the profit pool is destroyed monthly until the total number of XT is 1 billion; The rest will be used as platform ecological construction fund

    7 digital currency equity

    profit sharing: holding XT is for platform users, and they can enjoy 50% of platform profits

    platform Governance: participating in platform activities, enjoying XT awards and airdrop activities of other project parties

    function customization: Based on platform AI big data, investors can purchase services optimized for indivial trading strategies

    6.

    At present, the mining mode can be roughly divided into PPLNs, PPS and PPS +. However, if you want to get a stable income from mining, it is recommended to choose the mining software of PPS mode

    when miners are mining, if you want to know how many etheric coins you get, you can use ha Yu miner to see clearly the daily mining income

    Harbin miners showed a unified display of revenue for BTC, easy to see, and support for cash withdrawals to Alipay wallet and bitcoin wallet. p>

    7.

    If you want to query the transaction records on the main network, you can use Etherscan. However, if you build your own private chain, how should you query the transaction records

    the answer is that you need to listen to the logs on the chain, save them in the database, and then query them in the database. For example:

    < pre t = "code" L = "Java" > varaddr = & quot& quot;< br />varfilter=web3.eth.filter({fromB lock:0 ,toBlock:' latest', address:addr });< br />filter.get(function(err,transactions){
    transactions.forEach(function(tx){
    vartxInfo=web3.eth.getTransaction(tx.transactionHash);
    / / at this time, the transaction information txinfo can be stored in the database
    })< br />});

    Web3. Eth. Filter() is used to monitor the log on the chain, and Web3. Eth. Gettransaction() is used to extract the information of the specified transaction. Once the transaction information is obtained, it can be stored in the database for query

    recommend a practical introction, you can see: Ethereum tutorial

    8. Just focus:
    you can't retrieve your assets through Ethereum block query
    think too much
    if you want to check the real estate,

    you can go to the real estate transaction registration center.
    9. You are right. Indeed, it will be rolled back. If the transaction is unfortunately packaged on the fork, the transaction is likely to be cancelled after the main chain is synchronized

    the reason why we need six confirmations is that it is more difficult to obtain the optimal solution (to prevent single node fraud). One block may also be able to get an optimal solution, and it is basically impossible to get six blocks together. It has nothing to do with bifurcation
    10. Don't say ether, even when big pie trading, there are risks. If you want to rece the risk, you need to find a reliable platform and a reliable team, so as to minimize the risk.
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