Ethereum CUDA
Publish: 2021-04-26 18:17:09
1. GPU mining
Hardware
algorithm is difficult to solve in memory. In order to make DAG suitable for memory, each GPU needs 1-2gb of memory. If you get an error prompt: error GPU mining. GPU memory fragmentation? It means you don't have enough memory. GPU mining software is based on OpenCL, amd GPU will be faster than NVIDIA GPU of the same level. ASIC and FPGA are relatively inefficient, so they are blocked. To get OpenCL for chip integration platform, try:
amd SDK OpenCL
NVIDIA CUDA OpenCL
Ubuntu Linux settings
for this quick guide, you will need Ubuntu 14.04 or 15.04 and fglrx image driver. You can also use NVIDIA drives and other platforms, but you have to find your own way to get an effective OpenCL installation, such as genoil's ethminer fork
if you are using 15.04, go to & quot; Software and updates 〉 extra drives & quot; Set to & quot; Use the video driver & quot; from fglrx for AMD graphics accelerator
if you are using 14.04, go to & quot; Software and updates 〉 extra drives & quot; Set to & quot; Use the video driver & quot; from fglrx for AMD graphics accelerator;. Unfortunately, for some people, this method may not work, because there is a known program error in Ubuntu 14.04.02 that will prevent you from switching to the exclusive graphics drive necessary for GPU mining
therefore, if you encounter this program error, go to & quot; "Software and update" update & quot; Select & quot; Pre release reliable update proposal & quot;. Then, back to & quot; Software and updates 〉 extra drives & quot; Set to & quot; Use the video driver & quot; from fglrx for AMD graphics accelerator;. After restarting, it's worth checking that the drive is now properly installed (for example, by going to & quot; Additional drives & quot;)
no matter what you do, if you are using 14.04.02, once installed, do not change the drive or drive configuration. For example, the use of aticonfig – initial (especially the - F, - force option) will & quot; Destruction & quot; Your settings. If you accidentally change the configuration, you will need to uninstall the drive, restart, install the drive again and restart.
Hardware
algorithm is difficult to solve in memory. In order to make DAG suitable for memory, each GPU needs 1-2gb of memory. If you get an error prompt: error GPU mining. GPU memory fragmentation? It means you don't have enough memory. GPU mining software is based on OpenCL, amd GPU will be faster than NVIDIA GPU of the same level. ASIC and FPGA are relatively inefficient, so they are blocked. To get OpenCL for chip integration platform, try:
amd SDK OpenCL
NVIDIA CUDA OpenCL
Ubuntu Linux settings
for this quick guide, you will need Ubuntu 14.04 or 15.04 and fglrx image driver. You can also use NVIDIA drives and other platforms, but you have to find your own way to get an effective OpenCL installation, such as genoil's ethminer fork
if you are using 15.04, go to & quot; Software and updates 〉 extra drives & quot; Set to & quot; Use the video driver & quot; from fglrx for AMD graphics accelerator
if you are using 14.04, go to & quot; Software and updates 〉 extra drives & quot; Set to & quot; Use the video driver & quot; from fglrx for AMD graphics accelerator;. Unfortunately, for some people, this method may not work, because there is a known program error in Ubuntu 14.04.02 that will prevent you from switching to the exclusive graphics drive necessary for GPU mining
therefore, if you encounter this program error, go to & quot; "Software and update" update & quot; Select & quot; Pre release reliable update proposal & quot;. Then, back to & quot; Software and updates 〉 extra drives & quot; Set to & quot; Use the video driver & quot; from fglrx for AMD graphics accelerator;. After restarting, it's worth checking that the drive is now properly installed (for example, by going to & quot; Additional drives & quot;)
no matter what you do, if you are using 14.04.02, once installed, do not change the drive or drive configuration. For example, the use of aticonfig – initial (especially the - F, - force option) will & quot; Destruction & quot; Your settings. If you accidentally change the configuration, you will need to uninstall the drive, restart, install the drive again and restart.
2.
- gtx1060's new gp-106 core has two groups of GPCS, each with five SMS (2 × 64), a total of 1280 CUDA processors, just half of the gtx1080. Single precision floating-point operation is 4.4tflops, which has nearly doubled compared with gtx960's 2.3t, so theoretically, the performance should be doubled
- gtx1060's new gp-106 core has two groups of GPCS, each with five SMS (2 × 64), a total of 1280 CUDA processors, just half of the gtx1080. Single precision floating-point operation is 4.4tflops, which has nearly doubled compared with gtx960's 2.3t, so theoretically, the performance should be doubled
- 1060 core frequency is 1506 ~ 1709mhz
< / OL >
3.
-
generally, high-end and high-performance graphics cards are needed for mining, and mining consumes the performance of graphics cards
-
it is recommended to replace or check the driver version of the graphics card to see if it is the same. If it is still the same, it is recommended to re install the system and use the latest version of win10
4. There are many reasons for blue screen, so we need to find the right medicine. It is suggested that next time blue screen remember the code and come to me to find the answer
common blue screen cases
the blue screen I often encounter is 0x0000008E, 0x0000000A, 0x00000050, and 0x0000009f
-
│ 1 │
- ┘ 0x0000000A: IRQL_ NOT_ LESS_ OR_ Equal
] error analysis: it is mainly caused by the problem driver, defective or incompatible hardware and software. From a technical point of view, it indicates that there is a high internal request level (IRQL) in kernel mode to access the memory address that it does not have permission to access.
} solution: please use 2, 3, 5, 8 9. Try to exclude.
┌ -
│ 2
└ - ┘ 0x00000012: trap_ CAUSE_ Unknown
> error analysis: if you encounter this error message, it is unfortunate that the result of kebudcheck analysis is that the cause of the error is unknown.
] solution: since Microsoft can't help, you have to rely on yourself. Please carefully recall when this error occurred; What did you do to the system the first time it happened; Find out the possible reasons from these information, and then choose the corresponding solutions to try to exclude.
┌ -
│ 3 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000001a: memory_ Management
] error analysis: this memory management error is often caused by the hardware, such as the newly installed hardware, the memory itself has problems, etc.
} solution: if it occurs ring the installation of windows, It may be that your computer can't meet the minimum memory and disk requirements for installing windows.
┌ -
│ 4 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000001E: kmode_ EXCEPTION_ NOT_ Handled
] error analysis: Windows Kernel detected an illegal or unknown process instruction. This stop code is generally caused by the memory problem or similar reasons to the previous 0x0000000A.
] solution:
(1) hardware compatibility problem: please refer to the latest hardware compatibility list mentioned above, Check whether all hardware is included in the list.
(2) problematic device driver, system service or memory conflict and interrupt conflict: if the name of the driver appears in the blue screen message, try to disable or remove the driver in installation mode or recovery console, If the error occurs ring the system startup, please enter the safe mode and rename or delete the file indicated in the blue screen message.
(3) if the error message clearly indicates that Win32k.sys: is probably caused by the remote control software of a third party, The service of the software needs to be shut down from the recovery console.
(4) when the software is restarted for the first time after installing windows, it is most likely that the disk space of the system partition is insufficient or there is a problem with BIOS compatibility.
(5) when a software is shut down, it is very likely that there is a design defect in the software, Please upgrade or uninstall it.
┌ -
│ 5 │ 0x00000023: fat_ FILE_ SYSTEM
└—┘0x00000024:NTFS_ FILE_ System
> error analysis: 0x00000023 usually occurs when reading and writing the system partition of FAT16 or FAT32 file system, while 0x00000024 is e to ntfs.sys file error (this driver file is used to allow the system to read and write the disk using NTFS file system). These two blue screen errors are most likely e to the physical damage of the disk itself, Other reasons include: too many fragments of hard disk; File read and write operations are too frequent, and the amount of data is very large, or it is caused by some disk image software or antivirus software.
} solution:
Step 1: first, open the command line prompt and run & quot; Chkdsk /r"( Note: it's not chkdisk, it feels like this, but...) command to check and repair hard disk errors. If bad track is reported, please use the check tool provided by the hard disk manufacturer to check and repair.
Step 2: disable all software that even scans files, such as antivirus software, firewall or backup tool.
Step 3: right click C: &# 92; winnt\ system32\ drivers\ Fastfast.sys file and select & quot; Properties & quot;, Check whether the version is consistent with the version of windows used by the current system; windows\ system32\ drivers\ Fastfast. Sys)
Step 4: install the latest motherboard drivers, especially ide drivers. If your CD-ROM drive and removable memory also provide drivers, it's better to upgrade them to the latest version.
┌ -
│ 6
└ - ┘ 0x00000027: RDR_ FILE_ System
] error analysis: it is difficult to judge the cause of this error, but there is a problem with windows memory management, which may lead to the occurrence of this stop code.
] solution: if it is e to memory management, usually increasing memory will solve the problem.
┌ -
/ / 7 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000002eata_ BUS_ Error
> error analysis: system memory parity error is usually caused by the device driver accessing non-existent memory address when there is defective memory (including physical memory, secondary cache or graphics memory). In addition, the hard disk is damaged by virus or other problems, The solution:
(1) check the virus
(2) use & quot; chkdsk /r" Command to check all disk partitions.
(3) use Memtest86 and other memory test software to check the memory.
(4) check whether the hardware is installed correctly, such as whether it is secure and whether the golden finger is stained.
┌ -
┘ - 0x00000035: no_ MORE_ IRP_ STACK_ Locations
> error analysis: literally, there should be a stack problem in the driver or some software. In fact, the real cause of this failure should be the problem in the driver itself, Or there is a quality problem in the memory.
} solution: please use the driver and memory related solutions in the general solutions described above to exclude.
┌ -
│ 9
└ - ┘ 0x0000003f: No_ MORE_ SYSTEM_ PTEs
> error analysis: an error related to system memory management, such as: memory management problems caused by executing a large number of input / output operations: defective drivers use memory resources incorrectly; A certain application (such as backup software) is allocated a large amount of kernel memory.
} solution: uninstall all the latest installed software (especially those applications and antivirus software that enhance disk performance) and drivers.
┌ -
│ 10
- ┘ 0x00000044: multiple_ IRP_ COMPLIETE_ Requests
] error analysis: it is usually caused by the hardware driver.
] solution: uninstall the recently installed driver. This fault rarely occurs. What we have known is that when using the http://www.in-system.com/ Some of the company's software will appear from time to time, and the culprit is the falstaff.sys file, Publish the company website)
┌ -
│ 11 │
└ - ┘ 0x00000050age_ FAULT_ IN_ Nonpaged + area
> error analysis: problematic memory (including indoor memory, secondary cache, video memory), incompatible software (mainly remote control and anti-virus software) Damaged NTFS volume and faulty hardware (such as damaged CI card itself) can cause this error.
} solution:
1. Remove all newly installed hardware.
2. Run all system diagnostic software provided by computer manufacturer, especially memory check.
3. Check whether all new hardware or software are installed correctly, If this is a new installation, please contact the hardware or software manufacturer to obtain any windows updates or drivers that may be needed.
4. Disable or uninstall all anti-virus programs.
5. Disable BIOS memory options, such as cache or shadow
in the scheme, not every one is required, but every one is possible! Blue screen code 50 is the most troublesome one I see now. There are many possible reasons! Even if you have done all the five, you may not be able to solve them. At least I have solved them once before, and they are not among them. You should try them first< br />┌—┐
│12│
└—┘0x00000051:REGISTRY_ Error
] error analysis: this stop code indicates that there is an error in the registry or system configuration manager. Due to the physical damage of the hard disk itself or problems in the file system, an input / output error occurs when reading the registration file.
] solution: Use & quot; chkdsk /r" Check and fix disk errors.
┌ -
│ 13 │
└ - ┘ 0x00000058: ftdisk_ INTERNAL_ Error
] error analysis: it indicates that there is an error in the main driver of the fault tolerance set.
] solution: first try to restart the computer to see if it can solve the problem, if not, try & quot; Last correct configuration & quot; To solve the problem.
┌ -
│ 14 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000005e: critical_ SERVICE_ Failed
error analysis: it is caused by the identification of a very important system service startup.
} solution: if a new hardware is installed, you can remove the hardware first, check whether it is compatible with windows 2K / XP through the online list, and then start the computer. If the blue screen still appears, please use & quot; Last correct configuration & quot; To start windows, if this still fails, it is recommended to repair and install or reload.
┌ -
│ 15 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000006f: Session 3_ Initialization-failed
> error analysis: this error usually occurs when Windows starts, which is usually caused by faulty drivers or damaged system files.
} solution: it is recommended to use the windows installation CD-ROM to repair and install the system.
┌ -
│ 16
└ - ┘ 0x00000076rose_ HAS_ LOCKED_ Page
error analysis: it is usually because a driver does not release the occupied memory correctly after completing an input / output operation
] solution:
Step 1: click Start -- & gt; Run: regedt32, find [HKLM & # 92; SYSTEM\ Currentcontrol set\ control\ session manager\ Memory management], create a new double byte value & quot; TrackLockedPages", The value is 1. Then windows will track which driver is the problem when the error occurs again.
Step 2: if the blue screen appears again, the error message will become:
stop: 0x0000000cb (0xy, 0xy, 0xy, 0xy) driver_ LEFT_ LOCKED_ PAGES_ IN_ Process
the fourth one & quot; 0xY" Will be displayed as the problem driver
common blue screen cases
the blue screen I often encounter is 0x0000008E, 0x0000000A, 0x00000050, and 0x0000009f
-
│ 1 │
- ┘ 0x0000000A: IRQL_ NOT_ LESS_ OR_ Equal
] error analysis: it is mainly caused by the problem driver, defective or incompatible hardware and software. From a technical point of view, it indicates that there is a high internal request level (IRQL) in kernel mode to access the memory address that it does not have permission to access.
} solution: please use 2, 3, 5, 8 9. Try to exclude.
┌ -
│ 2
└ - ┘ 0x00000012: trap_ CAUSE_ Unknown
> error analysis: if you encounter this error message, it is unfortunate that the result of kebudcheck analysis is that the cause of the error is unknown.
] solution: since Microsoft can't help, you have to rely on yourself. Please carefully recall when this error occurred; What did you do to the system the first time it happened; Find out the possible reasons from these information, and then choose the corresponding solutions to try to exclude.
┌ -
│ 3 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000001a: memory_ Management
] error analysis: this memory management error is often caused by the hardware, such as the newly installed hardware, the memory itself has problems, etc.
} solution: if it occurs ring the installation of windows, It may be that your computer can't meet the minimum memory and disk requirements for installing windows.
┌ -
│ 4 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000001E: kmode_ EXCEPTION_ NOT_ Handled
] error analysis: Windows Kernel detected an illegal or unknown process instruction. This stop code is generally caused by the memory problem or similar reasons to the previous 0x0000000A.
] solution:
(1) hardware compatibility problem: please refer to the latest hardware compatibility list mentioned above, Check whether all hardware is included in the list.
(2) problematic device driver, system service or memory conflict and interrupt conflict: if the name of the driver appears in the blue screen message, try to disable or remove the driver in installation mode or recovery console, If the error occurs ring the system startup, please enter the safe mode and rename or delete the file indicated in the blue screen message.
(3) if the error message clearly indicates that Win32k.sys: is probably caused by the remote control software of a third party, The service of the software needs to be shut down from the recovery console.
(4) when the software is restarted for the first time after installing windows, it is most likely that the disk space of the system partition is insufficient or there is a problem with BIOS compatibility.
(5) when a software is shut down, it is very likely that there is a design defect in the software, Please upgrade or uninstall it.
┌ -
│ 5 │ 0x00000023: fat_ FILE_ SYSTEM
└—┘0x00000024:NTFS_ FILE_ System
> error analysis: 0x00000023 usually occurs when reading and writing the system partition of FAT16 or FAT32 file system, while 0x00000024 is e to ntfs.sys file error (this driver file is used to allow the system to read and write the disk using NTFS file system). These two blue screen errors are most likely e to the physical damage of the disk itself, Other reasons include: too many fragments of hard disk; File read and write operations are too frequent, and the amount of data is very large, or it is caused by some disk image software or antivirus software.
} solution:
Step 1: first, open the command line prompt and run & quot; Chkdsk /r"( Note: it's not chkdisk, it feels like this, but...) command to check and repair hard disk errors. If bad track is reported, please use the check tool provided by the hard disk manufacturer to check and repair.
Step 2: disable all software that even scans files, such as antivirus software, firewall or backup tool.
Step 3: right click C: &# 92; winnt\ system32\ drivers\ Fastfast.sys file and select & quot; Properties & quot;, Check whether the version is consistent with the version of windows used by the current system; windows\ system32\ drivers\ Fastfast. Sys)
Step 4: install the latest motherboard drivers, especially ide drivers. If your CD-ROM drive and removable memory also provide drivers, it's better to upgrade them to the latest version.
┌ -
│ 6
└ - ┘ 0x00000027: RDR_ FILE_ System
] error analysis: it is difficult to judge the cause of this error, but there is a problem with windows memory management, which may lead to the occurrence of this stop code.
] solution: if it is e to memory management, usually increasing memory will solve the problem.
┌ -
/ / 7 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000002eata_ BUS_ Error
> error analysis: system memory parity error is usually caused by the device driver accessing non-existent memory address when there is defective memory (including physical memory, secondary cache or graphics memory). In addition, the hard disk is damaged by virus or other problems, The solution:
(1) check the virus
(2) use & quot; chkdsk /r" Command to check all disk partitions.
(3) use Memtest86 and other memory test software to check the memory.
(4) check whether the hardware is installed correctly, such as whether it is secure and whether the golden finger is stained.
┌ -
┘ - 0x00000035: no_ MORE_ IRP_ STACK_ Locations
> error analysis: literally, there should be a stack problem in the driver or some software. In fact, the real cause of this failure should be the problem in the driver itself, Or there is a quality problem in the memory.
} solution: please use the driver and memory related solutions in the general solutions described above to exclude.
┌ -
│ 9
└ - ┘ 0x0000003f: No_ MORE_ SYSTEM_ PTEs
> error analysis: an error related to system memory management, such as: memory management problems caused by executing a large number of input / output operations: defective drivers use memory resources incorrectly; A certain application (such as backup software) is allocated a large amount of kernel memory.
} solution: uninstall all the latest installed software (especially those applications and antivirus software that enhance disk performance) and drivers.
┌ -
│ 10
- ┘ 0x00000044: multiple_ IRP_ COMPLIETE_ Requests
] error analysis: it is usually caused by the hardware driver.
] solution: uninstall the recently installed driver. This fault rarely occurs. What we have known is that when using the http://www.in-system.com/ Some of the company's software will appear from time to time, and the culprit is the falstaff.sys file, Publish the company website)
┌ -
│ 11 │
└ - ┘ 0x00000050age_ FAULT_ IN_ Nonpaged + area
> error analysis: problematic memory (including indoor memory, secondary cache, video memory), incompatible software (mainly remote control and anti-virus software) Damaged NTFS volume and faulty hardware (such as damaged CI card itself) can cause this error.
} solution:
1. Remove all newly installed hardware.
2. Run all system diagnostic software provided by computer manufacturer, especially memory check.
3. Check whether all new hardware or software are installed correctly, If this is a new installation, please contact the hardware or software manufacturer to obtain any windows updates or drivers that may be needed.
4. Disable or uninstall all anti-virus programs.
5. Disable BIOS memory options, such as cache or shadow
in the scheme, not every one is required, but every one is possible! Blue screen code 50 is the most troublesome one I see now. There are many possible reasons! Even if you have done all the five, you may not be able to solve them. At least I have solved them once before, and they are not among them. You should try them first< br />┌—┐
│12│
└—┘0x00000051:REGISTRY_ Error
] error analysis: this stop code indicates that there is an error in the registry or system configuration manager. Due to the physical damage of the hard disk itself or problems in the file system, an input / output error occurs when reading the registration file.
] solution: Use & quot; chkdsk /r" Check and fix disk errors.
┌ -
│ 13 │
└ - ┘ 0x00000058: ftdisk_ INTERNAL_ Error
] error analysis: it indicates that there is an error in the main driver of the fault tolerance set.
] solution: first try to restart the computer to see if it can solve the problem, if not, try & quot; Last correct configuration & quot; To solve the problem.
┌ -
│ 14 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000005e: critical_ SERVICE_ Failed
error analysis: it is caused by the identification of a very important system service startup.
} solution: if a new hardware is installed, you can remove the hardware first, check whether it is compatible with windows 2K / XP through the online list, and then start the computer. If the blue screen still appears, please use & quot; Last correct configuration & quot; To start windows, if this still fails, it is recommended to repair and install or reload.
┌ -
│ 15 │
└ - ┘ 0x0000006f: Session 3_ Initialization-failed
> error analysis: this error usually occurs when Windows starts, which is usually caused by faulty drivers or damaged system files.
} solution: it is recommended to use the windows installation CD-ROM to repair and install the system.
┌ -
│ 16
└ - ┘ 0x00000076rose_ HAS_ LOCKED_ Page
error analysis: it is usually because a driver does not release the occupied memory correctly after completing an input / output operation
] solution:
Step 1: click Start -- & gt; Run: regedt32, find [HKLM & # 92; SYSTEM\ Currentcontrol set\ control\ session manager\ Memory management], create a new double byte value & quot; TrackLockedPages", The value is 1. Then windows will track which driver is the problem when the error occurs again.
Step 2: if the blue screen appears again, the error message will become:
stop: 0x0000000cb (0xy, 0xy, 0xy, 0xy) driver_ LEFT_ LOCKED_ PAGES_ IN_ Process
the fourth one & quot; 0xY" Will be displayed as the problem driver
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