Virtual currency Qun
Publish: 2021-04-29 09:47:16
1. (1) to understand the origin of money is still the Tang Dynasty, "Guan" (also known as "the responsibility of the monetary state") This book "Guan" talks about the establishment of "RI Yu" in many counties on behalf of the country. Gold starts in Hanyu, gems are also wild in the south, and East and West Zhaos start from 70000 Barry in Zhou Dynasty. The tour of shuiyi tuguan can not pass. Before the king's transit, the real difficulty, so its heavy pearl coins, gold coins, knife coins, three coins in the non filling in the warm home, also keep in the whole property mouth, the old king imperial examination, the peaceful world also“ This view had a huge impact and almost became a conclusion with the mainstream consciousness of the origin of money 2) Tang Dynasty Kennedy North said that Zhang Jiuling, a representative of land loan, Bai nationality, changjiangling people
in this case, Jiuling wrote in March of the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (734), "private money was proposed at the imperial meeting", which pointed out that "whether the ancient Shu millet was in the size of coins and silk, it was money through trade. In the 10th year of Zhenyuan in Beijing (794), the land potential was partly equal to Wu's tax revenue and surname six, "said the old king." what the old king was afraid of was equal. The quasi legislative currency linked part of the first level transaction difficulty should be added: "the palace of money and goods."“ In the first year of Yuanhe (806) of Xianzong, Li Bai said: "the way of Cardiff is impermanent. It is rich in years and must be evil; The earth is limited, so the material is limited, so the material benefits will shrink. Sitting in what is called the real necessity, but money knife cloth goods, when trading, seize the respect“ In the first year (821) of the reign of emperor Mu Zong, Yang Yu Ling Jiang, the Minister of the Ministry of justice, and the king, with the right to use money and goods, kept or moved unremittingly 3) This purple speech facilitates the perspective of goods exchange technology and the actual needs of maintaining the regime, explains the source of money, and holds that money is a kind of subjective idealism from a very superficial point of view. The generation of foreign currency is interpreted as the proct of political power and ruling interests, thus confusing the internal relationship between the origin of currency and commodity exchange. The nature of the money problem thus prevents a correct understanding. In this view, the currency is actually the authority of the ruler, the tool of the ruling class, and the report of governing the country. It is impossible for the currency to exchange goods, which are goods of special nature as general equivalents. The purpose of this superficial and erroneous theory of the origin of money decides to take it for granted that money is essentially fallacious. This level of understanding, and in the Western Han Dynasty Sima Qian's ngs trading Road, the hawksbill money knife cloth coin Yan "the argument of the natural emergence of money, and there is no doubt that in the understanding of the road is far apart. Sima Qian, at the same time, realized that money itself was a special commodity, but his generation's money was connected with the proction and exchange of goods. He said that "hawksbill money Dao Bu coin" was the result of the development of NGS trade, and put forward the correct and objective parameters of the origin of money. In the Tang Dynasty, he only accepted Zheng's theory of "channel" and did not seriously study the thought
the characteristics of role management:
one of the rights of Japanese goods, the future transaction, promoting the development of e-commerce, involves the society, economy, and second, the integration of the total amount of money and the decentralized adjustment of the price level, the severity of the operation handle, can increase the national fiscal revenue, but also consolidate the rights of the feudal ruling order, Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the relationship between trade and instry, develop commodity economy, restrict the development of local forces and consolidate the economic foundation of feudal rule within the best scope of feudal governance. Monetary management, including monetary management in circulation, the theory of money and the essence of money from the origin of the state, started a general guiding ideology of the Tang Dynasty monetary management of the ruling class, the circulation of the casting right and distribution right of money proction, the monopoly of the government and state authority in the right field, and allowed the private sector to dye fat
conclusion:
it can be seen from the words above that the currency thought of Tang Dynasty was inherited and addicted to "Guan" and the currency theory of Western Han Dynasty, but there were also some problems, some progress was made, and some viewpoints were clearer, but it was not a substantial breakthrough and progress at the general level of modernization, And still stay in a fixed speaking and understanding system of light. At this level, the consciousness of the Tang Dynasty, compared with the new situation of further development of commodity economy and monetary economy, is obviously too backward. In turn, the obstacles to social and economic development in the Tang Dynasty still believe that in the authority of the commodity economy?? Money and the current wealth of the whole country, the tools of the world, such a focus can be used to change the principle of fiscal and political money, and it is impossible to act according to the laws and requirements of social and economic development, so as to meet the demand for money in economic development, resulting in contradictions and conflicts between financial interests, The financial goal of political interest and economic natural law. The historical development of money
is the proct of commodity exchange. Shells from the southeast coast of China have been found in the tombs of Ma Ma's house in Qinghai Province. Shells, even say, are the group's original currency. In addition, stone, bone shell, shell and copper shell are also found, reflecting the degree of commodity exchange. In a strict sense, the artificial casting of currency began in the spring and Autumn period with Dao and cloth. Qin Shihuang unified the whole country until the casting of Kongyuan, the ancestor of ancient Chinese currency. Wang Mang went back to the ancients and changed the system. Once the knife and cloth coins were used again, it was too short. Until the reform of the Republic of China, Wang Zhaoxing continued to change the number of gold coins in East Timor. The size of coins issued was different, the severity of the disease was different, and the coin writing was different, but the side hole round coins still increased. Today, there are many ancient coins handed down from generation to generation. When a batch of ancient coins are unearthed, they come out. With the development of commodity economy in China's feudal society, in the Tang Dynasty, after the Song Dynasty mplings, another son. Banknotes were officially issued in Yuan Dynasty, and continued to be issued in Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, the exchange of folk goods and economic exchange is not as good as the square hole money. More than 400 Yuan Dynasty positive banknotes were found in the plain farmland of Golmud farm in 1958. In the first year, banknotes of various varieties were well preserved, which is rare in China. In 1956, the capital construction project of grain department in huangmiao Street (now Jiefang Road) of Xining City, once discovered 76 Bossa's trip to yinqinghai, was an important passage for Central Asia transportation in the 5th-6th century. Persian silver coins are round. It is about 2.5 cm in diameter and 3.8 g in weight. Positive portrait of the king, the king's portrait of different silver dots a, B two styles- A in a new head crown, the crown at the side of the battlement shaped crown and at the rear of the end of the strip send vigilance behind the two floating ornaments of the sphere, the era associated with the spherical chandelier, his face near the shoulder of the bowl, the Romanian woman inscription line kadipirvci (founded in stripping, Sri Lanka). B-main crown, the front and rear wing like objects on the crown, and the rear crown are a pair of wings. Side a at the top of the crown, a ribbon of objects floats on the shoulder, opposite the police behind. A-type, b-back pattern is the same, general Sassanian silver Zoroastrian altar Pentagram (ER yuan Pentagram) and crescent shaped flame, flame altar on both sides. Each side of the sacrificial altar stands opposite. Many inscriptions on the back of the casting location. Unearthed from huangmiao street, Xining city. The time from the Persian Sassanian to the Peli Luz (equivalent to the north and south of China). Instrumentalism
the currency and the currency circulation power in Tang Dynasty are based on the general guiding ideology of the ruling class that the government monopolized the management of currency, the casting and distribution power, and the authoritative state, which did not allow private capitalists. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), the Tang Dynasty accommodated Jiuling China, so it was built vertically?? In the case of making, expand the results of the discussion“ Qunguan, the Communist Youth of China, has some suggestions and will be the "best". Li Linfu, Pei Yaoqing, Xiao Gui and others believe that "money and money are right according to the absolute rape and abuse of today's ancient ban on Kaimen, but the fear of villains, the waste of agricultural fame and wealth, and the evil abuse of installation director general is inconvenient. Liu Zhi spring loan instrument, systematically elaborated the mint right is "the right to life, not a fake person.". Later, Lu loan clearly emphasized that the currency "is the Liquan country, guarding in the palace, not to any next". In short, although Zhang Jiuling proposed the movement of vertical private casting in China, it has not been recognized. The guiding ideology that the right to proce currency casting is the privilege of the state is very clear. The origin of money, the commodity exchange mediated by money and coal, is the inevitable result of the development of commodity proction. The origin of China's money points out that before the "copper shell" in the Yin and Shang Dynasties, bones, shells, stone shells and pottery shells had begun to circulate. The development of shell ornaments since the currency can be traced back to the emperor's period, e to the machine when Chinese currency from the use of shell four or five thousand years after the civilization history of currency
on the origin of metal currency, the ancestors of Chinese people mastered the management of metal technology, some Yin, after the tombs of Shang Dynasty, meeting soil bronze block, these may be the driest metal currency
after the analysis of currency barter trade in the dry period, with the decline of economy in China for a long time, the early currencies of different tribes are not the most controversial bronzes unearthed today: axe, heart, fish, grid equipment
from a historical point of view, the process of exchange development can be condensed into the evolution of value form. Form of value - expanded form of value - general form of value - monetary form, such a history. We should start from the development process: first of all, money is a historical economic sector. The emergence and development of exchange commodities and commodities. 2、 Money is the spontaneous proct of the development of commodity economy, not the result of invention, negotiation or law. Thirdly, the development of currency exchange procts is the result of the contradiction between labor and society, and private driven development
now, some small quantities of actual shape surface volume, and burial appear in Qin Yan, commercial burial. As a result, many old coin collectors are such Chuxian, suppliers of currency<
brief introction of ancient coins
origin of money
money is the medium of commodity exchange and the inevitable result of development. Commodity proction, the origin of Chinese money, there is evidence to check the copper shell of Shang Dynasty. "Before Xia, Shang, bone, shell, stone shell, Taobei had begun to circulate. The development of the ornament of the currency shell, as can be traced back to the emperor's period, e to the machine's time, China's currency from the use of the shell has four or five thousand yuan currency civilization history
the origin of metal currency is the metal smelting technology of the ancestors of the Chinese people, and there are some bronze blocks on the tombs, which may be the earliest metal currency
the early analysis of money proction in China, after a long period of barter trade stage. Different from the ground, the early coins of different tribes are different. Some controversial bronzes are unearthed today?? Like an axe, like a heart
in this case, Jiuling wrote in March of the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (734), "private money was proposed at the imperial meeting", which pointed out that "whether the ancient Shu millet was in the size of coins and silk, it was money through trade. In the 10th year of Zhenyuan in Beijing (794), the land potential was partly equal to Wu's tax revenue and surname six, "said the old king." what the old king was afraid of was equal. The quasi legislative currency linked part of the first level transaction difficulty should be added: "the palace of money and goods."“ In the first year of Yuanhe (806) of Xianzong, Li Bai said: "the way of Cardiff is impermanent. It is rich in years and must be evil; The earth is limited, so the material is limited, so the material benefits will shrink. Sitting in what is called the real necessity, but money knife cloth goods, when trading, seize the respect“ In the first year (821) of the reign of emperor Mu Zong, Yang Yu Ling Jiang, the Minister of the Ministry of justice, and the king, with the right to use money and goods, kept or moved unremittingly 3) This purple speech facilitates the perspective of goods exchange technology and the actual needs of maintaining the regime, explains the source of money, and holds that money is a kind of subjective idealism from a very superficial point of view. The generation of foreign currency is interpreted as the proct of political power and ruling interests, thus confusing the internal relationship between the origin of currency and commodity exchange. The nature of the money problem thus prevents a correct understanding. In this view, the currency is actually the authority of the ruler, the tool of the ruling class, and the report of governing the country. It is impossible for the currency to exchange goods, which are goods of special nature as general equivalents. The purpose of this superficial and erroneous theory of the origin of money decides to take it for granted that money is essentially fallacious. This level of understanding, and in the Western Han Dynasty Sima Qian's ngs trading Road, the hawksbill money knife cloth coin Yan "the argument of the natural emergence of money, and there is no doubt that in the understanding of the road is far apart. Sima Qian, at the same time, realized that money itself was a special commodity, but his generation's money was connected with the proction and exchange of goods. He said that "hawksbill money Dao Bu coin" was the result of the development of NGS trade, and put forward the correct and objective parameters of the origin of money. In the Tang Dynasty, he only accepted Zheng's theory of "channel" and did not seriously study the thought
the characteristics of role management:
one of the rights of Japanese goods, the future transaction, promoting the development of e-commerce, involves the society, economy, and second, the integration of the total amount of money and the decentralized adjustment of the price level, the severity of the operation handle, can increase the national fiscal revenue, but also consolidate the rights of the feudal ruling order, Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the relationship between trade and instry, develop commodity economy, restrict the development of local forces and consolidate the economic foundation of feudal rule within the best scope of feudal governance. Monetary management, including monetary management in circulation, the theory of money and the essence of money from the origin of the state, started a general guiding ideology of the Tang Dynasty monetary management of the ruling class, the circulation of the casting right and distribution right of money proction, the monopoly of the government and state authority in the right field, and allowed the private sector to dye fat
conclusion:
it can be seen from the words above that the currency thought of Tang Dynasty was inherited and addicted to "Guan" and the currency theory of Western Han Dynasty, but there were also some problems, some progress was made, and some viewpoints were clearer, but it was not a substantial breakthrough and progress at the general level of modernization, And still stay in a fixed speaking and understanding system of light. At this level, the consciousness of the Tang Dynasty, compared with the new situation of further development of commodity economy and monetary economy, is obviously too backward. In turn, the obstacles to social and economic development in the Tang Dynasty still believe that in the authority of the commodity economy?? Money and the current wealth of the whole country, the tools of the world, such a focus can be used to change the principle of fiscal and political money, and it is impossible to act according to the laws and requirements of social and economic development, so as to meet the demand for money in economic development, resulting in contradictions and conflicts between financial interests, The financial goal of political interest and economic natural law. The historical development of money
is the proct of commodity exchange. Shells from the southeast coast of China have been found in the tombs of Ma Ma's house in Qinghai Province. Shells, even say, are the group's original currency. In addition, stone, bone shell, shell and copper shell are also found, reflecting the degree of commodity exchange. In a strict sense, the artificial casting of currency began in the spring and Autumn period with Dao and cloth. Qin Shihuang unified the whole country until the casting of Kongyuan, the ancestor of ancient Chinese currency. Wang Mang went back to the ancients and changed the system. Once the knife and cloth coins were used again, it was too short. Until the reform of the Republic of China, Wang Zhaoxing continued to change the number of gold coins in East Timor. The size of coins issued was different, the severity of the disease was different, and the coin writing was different, but the side hole round coins still increased. Today, there are many ancient coins handed down from generation to generation. When a batch of ancient coins are unearthed, they come out. With the development of commodity economy in China's feudal society, in the Tang Dynasty, after the Song Dynasty mplings, another son. Banknotes were officially issued in Yuan Dynasty, and continued to be issued in Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, the exchange of folk goods and economic exchange is not as good as the square hole money. More than 400 Yuan Dynasty positive banknotes were found in the plain farmland of Golmud farm in 1958. In the first year, banknotes of various varieties were well preserved, which is rare in China. In 1956, the capital construction project of grain department in huangmiao Street (now Jiefang Road) of Xining City, once discovered 76 Bossa's trip to yinqinghai, was an important passage for Central Asia transportation in the 5th-6th century. Persian silver coins are round. It is about 2.5 cm in diameter and 3.8 g in weight. Positive portrait of the king, the king's portrait of different silver dots a, B two styles- A in a new head crown, the crown at the side of the battlement shaped crown and at the rear of the end of the strip send vigilance behind the two floating ornaments of the sphere, the era associated with the spherical chandelier, his face near the shoulder of the bowl, the Romanian woman inscription line kadipirvci (founded in stripping, Sri Lanka). B-main crown, the front and rear wing like objects on the crown, and the rear crown are a pair of wings. Side a at the top of the crown, a ribbon of objects floats on the shoulder, opposite the police behind. A-type, b-back pattern is the same, general Sassanian silver Zoroastrian altar Pentagram (ER yuan Pentagram) and crescent shaped flame, flame altar on both sides. Each side of the sacrificial altar stands opposite. Many inscriptions on the back of the casting location. Unearthed from huangmiao street, Xining city. The time from the Persian Sassanian to the Peli Luz (equivalent to the north and south of China). Instrumentalism
the currency and the currency circulation power in Tang Dynasty are based on the general guiding ideology of the ruling class that the government monopolized the management of currency, the casting and distribution power, and the authoritative state, which did not allow private capitalists. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), the Tang Dynasty accommodated Jiuling China, so it was built vertically?? In the case of making, expand the results of the discussion“ Qunguan, the Communist Youth of China, has some suggestions and will be the "best". Li Linfu, Pei Yaoqing, Xiao Gui and others believe that "money and money are right according to the absolute rape and abuse of today's ancient ban on Kaimen, but the fear of villains, the waste of agricultural fame and wealth, and the evil abuse of installation director general is inconvenient. Liu Zhi spring loan instrument, systematically elaborated the mint right is "the right to life, not a fake person.". Later, Lu loan clearly emphasized that the currency "is the Liquan country, guarding in the palace, not to any next". In short, although Zhang Jiuling proposed the movement of vertical private casting in China, it has not been recognized. The guiding ideology that the right to proce currency casting is the privilege of the state is very clear. The origin of money, the commodity exchange mediated by money and coal, is the inevitable result of the development of commodity proction. The origin of China's money points out that before the "copper shell" in the Yin and Shang Dynasties, bones, shells, stone shells and pottery shells had begun to circulate. The development of shell ornaments since the currency can be traced back to the emperor's period, e to the machine when Chinese currency from the use of shell four or five thousand years after the civilization history of currency
on the origin of metal currency, the ancestors of Chinese people mastered the management of metal technology, some Yin, after the tombs of Shang Dynasty, meeting soil bronze block, these may be the driest metal currency
after the analysis of currency barter trade in the dry period, with the decline of economy in China for a long time, the early currencies of different tribes are not the most controversial bronzes unearthed today: axe, heart, fish, grid equipment
from a historical point of view, the process of exchange development can be condensed into the evolution of value form. Form of value - expanded form of value - general form of value - monetary form, such a history. We should start from the development process: first of all, money is a historical economic sector. The emergence and development of exchange commodities and commodities. 2、 Money is the spontaneous proct of the development of commodity economy, not the result of invention, negotiation or law. Thirdly, the development of currency exchange procts is the result of the contradiction between labor and society, and private driven development
now, some small quantities of actual shape surface volume, and burial appear in Qin Yan, commercial burial. As a result, many old coin collectors are such Chuxian, suppliers of currency<
brief introction of ancient coins
origin of money
money is the medium of commodity exchange and the inevitable result of development. Commodity proction, the origin of Chinese money, there is evidence to check the copper shell of Shang Dynasty. "Before Xia, Shang, bone, shell, stone shell, Taobei had begun to circulate. The development of the ornament of the currency shell, as can be traced back to the emperor's period, e to the machine's time, China's currency from the use of the shell has four or five thousand yuan currency civilization history
the origin of metal currency is the metal smelting technology of the ancestors of the Chinese people, and there are some bronze blocks on the tombs, which may be the earliest metal currency
the early analysis of money proction in China, after a long period of barter trade stage. Different from the ground, the early coins of different tribes are different. Some controversial bronzes are unearthed today?? Like an axe, like a heart
2. Speculation in foreign exchange is to make use of the exchange rate changes of different countries to make profits. Foreign exchange transaction is a kind of financial transaction aiming at the currency exchange rate of different countries, so when you grasp the future trend of the exchange rate of the transaction currency correctly, you may obtain potential profits
for example, according to your observation of the exchange rate between RMB and US dollar in the market, you think that the current US dollar is undervalued relative to RMB, and you estimate that the US dollar will increase in value in the future. So you buy a certain amount of dollars in RMB in advance. If the trend of the market is consistent with your judgment, and the US dollar is appreciating relative to the RMB, then you will sell the US dollar in exchange for the RMB and make a profit In the past, you had ￥ 1, and it was $0.8 to change it into US dollars. Now when the US dollars appreciate to 1 RMB = 0.6 US dollars, you can change it back to 0.8 = 1.333 with 0.8 US dollars... RMB, 0.333 more than 1 RMB before... You take 100 yuan to buy lollipops. When you buy lollipops, it's 1 yuan, so you buy 100 lollipops. When you buy them, the price in the store is adjusted to 10 yuan for various reasons. You ask the boss how much to sell them back, He said 2 yuan a piece. So you sold him 50 pieces and got 100 yuan. So you went home with 100 yuan and 50 lollipops. You can tell others that you didn't make any money, but you robbed 50 pieces of sugar in vain. This is the profit
for example, according to your observation of the exchange rate between RMB and US dollar in the market, you think that the current US dollar is undervalued relative to RMB, and you estimate that the US dollar will increase in value in the future. So you buy a certain amount of dollars in RMB in advance. If the trend of the market is consistent with your judgment, and the US dollar is appreciating relative to the RMB, then you will sell the US dollar in exchange for the RMB and make a profit In the past, you had ￥ 1, and it was $0.8 to change it into US dollars. Now when the US dollars appreciate to 1 RMB = 0.6 US dollars, you can change it back to 0.8 = 1.333 with 0.8 US dollars... RMB, 0.333 more than 1 RMB before... You take 100 yuan to buy lollipops. When you buy lollipops, it's 1 yuan, so you buy 100 lollipops. When you buy them, the price in the store is adjusted to 10 yuan for various reasons. You ask the boss how much to sell them back, He said 2 yuan a piece. So you sold him 50 pieces and got 100 yuan. So you went home with 100 yuan and 50 lollipops. You can tell others that you didn't make any money, but you robbed 50 pieces of sugar in vain. This is the profit
3. Vegetarian currency trading platform has been registered in the Ministry of instry and information technology, which is a legal trading platform
the supervision of digital currency in China is still blank, and digital currency is still a gray area in China. However, the central bank defines digital currency as a kind of Internet commodity, and people can buy and sell it freely at their own risk.
the supervision of digital currency in China is still blank, and digital currency is still a gray area in China. However, the central bank defines digital currency as a kind of Internet commodity, and people can buy and sell it freely at their own risk.
4. It is recommended to use the horn to shout and create a Qun to do this. Five points. Like 35, 40. This can learn from the price of other gold coin merchants.
5. Fire coin global is scheled to open Qunqun (Qun) recharge service at 14:30 Beijing time on January 9, 2017. The opening hours of cash withdrawal business will be announced later. Please pay attention to the announcement information.
6. Pinyin search method: guai, Qun, Dou, Bi, AI, Chu,
side search method:
thousand prefix (3 strokes)
remaining 5 strokes, total 8 strokes
beside the character "Yi" (5 strokes)
the remaining 7 strokes, a total of 12 strokes
er Zi di (2 strokes)
the remaining 9 strokes, a total of 11 strokes
towel bottom (3 strokes)
the remaining 1 stroke, a total of 4 strokes
next to oral characters (3)
the remaining 5, 8 in total
factory prefix (2)
the remaining 10, a total of 12.
side search method:
thousand prefix (3 strokes)
remaining 5 strokes, total 8 strokes
beside the character "Yi" (5 strokes)
the remaining 7 strokes, a total of 12 strokes
er Zi di (2 strokes)
the remaining 9 strokes, a total of 11 strokes
towel bottom (3 strokes)
the remaining 1 stroke, a total of 4 strokes
next to oral characters (3)
the remaining 5, 8 in total
factory prefix (2)
the remaining 10, a total of 12.
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