Supervision of virtual currency by European and American Central

1. What are the current views of central banks on digital currency? Money is money. It's inflated now

2. Reason: with the rapid development of information technology, real money is far from meeting people's demand for capital flow. If there are enough people to recognize the value of a virtual currency, it may become a substitute unit of material exchange, and the existence of virtual currency will inevitably cause another upsurge in the financial sector
in view of the possible risks of virtual currency, many international organizations and central banks have responded publicly to the supervision of virtual currency system. These responses can be roughly divided into four categories: warning and risk warning, supervision and registration permission, legislative norms, and explicit prohibition
(1) warning and risk warning
some central banks and regulators have issued risk warnings against the special currency and virtual currency system. The federal financial regulatory authority of Germany, the Bank of France, the central banks of the Netherlands and Belgium have issued public warnings against the possible money laundering and terrorist financing caused by the use of bitcoin. In the report released at the end of 2013, the European Banking authority (EBA) warned consumers of many risks of virtual currency, such as exchange loss, e-wallet theft, unprotected payment, price fluctuation and so on. Although Spain did not have a similar risk warning, it issued a timely information announcement related to virtual currency
(2) supervision and registration license
generally speaking, international organizations believe that the supervision of virtual currency should find a balance between risk prevention and innovation promotion. Since 2012, Sweden has required transactions related to virtual currency to be registered with financial regulators. Other countries pay attention to qualification supervision, so as to make it indirectly meet the requirements of prudential supervision. In other countries, the regulation mainly focuses on the business model of virtual currency transaction. The financial prudential regulatory authority of France regards the provision of bitcoin circulation and trading services and the act of earning funds in the process as a payment service and requires the authorization of the government. In addition, some countries focus on the intermediary institutions related to virtual currency. The German federal financial regulatory agency and Danish regulators believe that the provision of intermediary services for virtual currency needs to be authorized< (3) legislative norms
at present, some countries have proposed legislation to regulate virtual currency transactions. Canada plans to legislate to allow the government to supervise the transaction of bitcoin, and to include the transaction of more than US $10000 into the scope of suspicious supervision. The United States hopes to adjust the relevant legal structure should be compared with the development of the special currency. In order to make the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) applicable in the context of network, the financial crime enforcement network (FinCEN) of the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued the explanatory guidance on the behavior and subject definition of private generation, holding, distribution, trading, acceptance and transmission of virtual currency in 2013. The European central bank stressed that it should strengthen international cooperation under the existing legal framework, and regulate virtual currency from the European and global level under the existing legal framework. More countries believe that bitcoin is not a currency in circulation, has no legal status, and does not meet the definition of financial instruments, such as Finland, Sweden, Malaysia and Indonesia
(4) it is forbidden
in some countries, bitcoin related transactions are prohibited. In December 2013, the people's Bank of China banned financial institutions from trading in bitcoin, which was subsequently extended to payment service providers. The central banks of Thailand and Indonesia share the same attitude. The circulation of anonymous internet currency (including bitcoin) is prohibited by the Russian judicial inspection department as a substitute for currency. The Central Bank of Russia has earlier included the provision of bitcoin services in the scope of suspicious transaction monitoring. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has banned the issue of unregistered shares in exchange for bitcoin, and unregistered online securities trading activities in virtual currency.

3. The difference lies in the fact that some foreign countries are particularly strict in this kind of supervision, while others are particularly loose. In terms of domestic supervision, it is relatively perfect.

4. The main purposes are as follows:

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4. Protect the property rights and interests of the public, protect the legal tender status of RMB, prevent the risk of money laundering and maintain financial stability
5. Avoid excessive speculation in the name of "virtual currency" for virtual commodities such as bitcoin, which will damage the public interest and the legal tender status of RMB.

5. Q-coin is not a currency, it's just Tencent virtual currency officially launched by Tencent, it's an enterprise virtual currency
the central bank's supervision of virtual currency is mainly reflected in the supervision of bitcoin. The central bank forbids any enterprise or indivial to use bitcoin as a payment tool. As a payment tool, virtual currency has great risks, Therefore, the central bank's supervision of virtual currency is very strict

6.

On March 28, the central bank held a national teleconference on monetary gold and silver work in 2018. Fan Yifei, vice governor of the people's Bank of China, pointed out that we should further strengthen reform and innovation and solidly promote the research and development of digital currency of the people's Bank of China. We should strictly strengthen internal management and external supervision, attach great importance to and effectively strengthen the quality control of RMB, carry out large amount cash management, build a cash clearing enterprise supervision system in accordance with the law, carry out the rectification and clean-up of all kinds of virtual currencies, and strive to build a "five in one" anti-counterfeit currency working mechanism

from the perspective of global digital currency regulatory practice, China has adopted a more stringent regulatory approach, but it does not mean that China can stay out of the global financial innovation wave. In the future, China should actively participate in the global governance of digital currency and enhance its influence and voice in the development of digital currency and regulatory rules

7.

Drink fried rice water to promote digestion and weight loss

stir fried rice is to put the rice into the frying pan and stir fry it slowly with low heat until the surface is yellowish or slightly darker than the original color. It can smell the rice aroma, make it crisp and easy to fry out effective substances. The burnt aroma can enhance the spleen and digestion function, and enhance the dryness, which is more concive to dehumidification and diarrhea

"compendium of Materia Medica" records: "fried rice soup: Yiwei dehumidification." In daily life, it can be combined with heat clearing, Yin nourishing, spleen strengthening and qi benefiting procts to make atherosclerotic soup, herbal tea, etc

extended data:

fried rice is made from milled millet. The processing method is to soak the pure ramie millet in water, steam it in a wok, fry it in a wok, cool it and remove the shell. The processed fried rice is yellow but not scorched, hard but not hard, crystal clear and bright. It is fragrant and crisp when soaked in milk tea

The results showed that the water-soluble vitamins in the surface layer of millet skin infiltrated into the rice grains and increased the content of vitamins in fried rice. Because of the quick cooling and drying after steaming and frying, the gelatinized starch is fixed in the original state, so that it only needs to be soaked in tea when eating. Fried rice has low water consumption and is storable. Portable belt, not easy to mildew, adapt to the needs of pastoral life

8.

The mutual fund association said that at present, the relevant management departments have basically completed the clean-up and rectification of domestic ICO activities and "virtual currency" trading venues, ring which some investors turned to overseas to carry out relevant activities. According to the relevant national management policies, the network access channels and payment channels of domestic investors may be affected, and investors will suffer losses. It is understood that recently, as many countries pay attention to strengthening the supervision of the "virtual currency" field, some overseas trading platforms may be forcibly banned by the host country's government, and some overseas trading platforms have been restricted from access e to obvious compliance risks

on September 4, 2017, the central bank and other seven ministries and commissions jointly issued the announcement on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, which clearly pointed out that all kinds of token issuance financing activities should be stopped immediately from the date of the announcement; All financial institutions and non bank payment institutions shall not carry out business related to token issuance financing transactions; For the token financing trading platform with illegal problems, the financial management department will request the competent department of telecommunications to close its website platform and mobile app according to law, request the network information department to remove the mobile app from the app store, and request the instrial and commercial administration department to revoke its business license according to law