Virtual currency knows the best country
in view of the possible risks of virtual currency, many international organizations and central banks have responded publicly to the supervision of virtual currency system. These responses can be roughly divided into four categories: warning and risk warning, supervision and registration permission, legislative norms, and explicit prohibition
(1) warning and risk warning
some central banks and regulators have issued risk warnings against the special currency and virtual currency system. The federal financial regulatory authority of Germany, the Bank of France, the central banks of the Netherlands and Belgium have issued public warnings against the possible money laundering and terrorist financing caused by the use of bitcoin. In the report released at the end of 2013, the European Banking authority (EBA) warned consumers of many risks of virtual currency, such as exchange loss, e-wallet theft, unprotected payment, price fluctuation and so on. Although Spain did not have a similar risk warning, it issued a timely information announcement related to virtual currency
(2) supervision and registration license
generally speaking, international organizations believe that the supervision of virtual currency should find a balance between risk prevention and innovation promotion. Since 2012, Sweden has required transactions related to virtual currency to be registered with financial regulators. Other countries pay attention to qualification supervision, so as to make it indirectly meet the requirements of prudential supervision. In other countries, the regulation mainly focuses on the business model of virtual currency transaction. The financial prudential regulatory authority of France regards the provision of bitcoin circulation and trading services and the act of earning funds in the process as a payment service and requires the authorization of the government. In addition, some countries focus on the intermediary institutions related to virtual currency. The German federal financial regulatory agency and Danish regulators believe that the provision of intermediary services for virtual currency needs to be authorized< (3) legislative norms
at present, some countries have proposed legislation to regulate virtual currency transactions. Canada plans to legislate to allow the government to supervise the transaction of bitcoin, and to include the transaction of more than US $10000 into the scope of suspicious supervision. The United States hopes to adjust the relevant legal structure should be compared with the development of the special currency. In order to make the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) applicable in the context of network, the financial crime enforcement network (FinCEN) of the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued the explanatory guidance on the behavior and subject definition of private generation, holding, distribution, trading, acceptance and transmission of virtual currency in 2013. The European central bank stressed that it should strengthen international cooperation under the existing legal framework, and regulate virtual currency from the European and global level under the existing legal framework. More countries believe that bitcoin is not a currency in circulation, has no legal status, and does not meet the definition of financial instruments, such as Finland, Sweden, Malaysia and Indonesia
(4) it is forbidden
in some countries, bitcoin related transactions are prohibited. In December 2013, the people's Bank of China banned financial institutions from trading in bitcoin, which was subsequently extended to payment service providers. The central banks of Thailand and Indonesia share the same attitude. The circulation of anonymous internet currency (including bitcoin) is prohibited by the Russian judicial inspection department as a substitute for currency. The Central Bank of Russia has earlier included the provision of bitcoin services in the scope of suspicious transaction monitoring. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has banned the issue of unregistered shares in exchange for bitcoin, and unregistered online securities trading activities in virtual currency.
in a word, virtual currency represented by bitcoin is legal in China, but the government takes a cold attitude towards virtual currency, which is neither positive nor negative. Most of the major countries in the world also adopt a cold attitude towards virtual currency
since 2015, the popular virtual currencies are bitcoin, Laite coin, Fuyuan coin, doggy coin, reborn coin and so on
it is possible, but at present, the government has not banned it
bitcoin and other virtual currencies exist legally in China. In the 2013 bitcoin risk notice, the central bank and other five ministries and commissions clearly defined bitcoin as a special Internet commodity. People can buy and sell it freely at their own risk. Financial institutions do not have to provide bitcoin related services, denying its monetary attribute. Zhou Xiaochuan, the governor of the central bank, compares bitcoin to a tradable asset like a stamp< Most of the major countries in the world take a cold attitude towards virtual currency. There are several possibilities for countries to ban virtual currency:
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2. The well-known weaknesses and defects of virtual currency can not be overcome in a certain period of time
3. The government can't stand the use of virtual currency in money laundering and other illegal activities
since 2013, the popular virtual currencies are bitcoin, Fuyuan coin, Laite coin, doggy coin, Ruibo coin, Yuanbao coin and so on<
Zhou Xiaochuan, governor of the central bank, said at the Boao Forum for Asia that virtual currency is not a currency approved by the central bank and can not be banned. Since digital currency is not the currency initiated and approved by the central bank, it can not be banned. Digital currency belongs to digital assets, which can be freely traded between indivials. Therefore, digital currency is not MLM, not capital disk, but a kind of financial investment
in fact, the central bank has been studying digital currency for a long time. From the perspective of historical development trend, money has always evolved with the development of technological progress and economic activities. From the early physical money, commodity money to the later credit money, it is a natural choice to adapt to the development of human commercial society. As the currency of the previous generation, paper money has low technology content. From the perspective of safety and cost, it is the general trend to be replaced by new technology and new procts. In particular, with the development of the Internet and the great changes in payment methods all over the world, the establishment of digital currency issuance and circulation system is very necessary for the construction of financial infrastructure and the promotion of economic quality, efficiency and upgrading
does China recognize virtual currency_****** In the notice on bitcoin risk prevention issued by the central bank and other five ministries and commissions at the end of 2013, bitcoin was clearly defined as a special Internet commodity. People can buy and sell bitcoin freely at their own risk, denying its monetary attribute. Financial institutions are not allowed to provide services related to bitcoin, and bitcoin related websites must be put on record, In a word, the virtual currency represented by bitcoin is legal in China, but the government takes a cold attitude towards it, Most of the major countries in the world also adopt a cold attitude towards virtual currency. Since 2015, the popular virtual currencies include bitcoin, Wright coin, Fuyuan coin, doggy coin, Ruibo coin, etc.
Why do not countries ban virtual currency; In other words, what is the connection and difference between the value represented by virtual currency and the value represented by general currency? 3. In view of the depth of the background of the problem, we need to stand higher in the starting point of the research. Currency is a problem in the category of modernity, The problem of virtual currency is the problem of postmodernism. They do not share the same basic paradigm. It is the difference of paradigm, not virtual phenomenon, that leads to the difference between them.
why does China not stop virtual currency_****** As a new thing, virtual currency has its progressive side. One of China's attitudes towards new things is that the law does not prohibit it. However, if virtual currency poses a threat to the existing financial system, the government will take action, What follows is the public...
which countries recognize the legitimacy of virtual currency_****** At present, Japan has recognized bitcoin as legal
is virtual currency recognized by the state_****** No, because it involves money laundering, easy to crash and other factors. Although bitcoin, the most famous virtual currency, can not be said to be suppressed, there are very few transactions between physical objects and virtual currency abroad, and its prospect still remains to be seen, The pure pyramid structure will not be recognized by the state.
is there any policy in China to prohibit the trading of virtual currency****** At the end of 2013, the central bank and other five ministries and commissions jointly issued a bitcoin risk notice, in which bitcoin is clearly defined as a special Internet commodity, and people can buy and sell freely at their own risk, denying its monetary attribute, In an interview with the Boao Forum, President Yang Xiaochuan compared bitcoin to a tradable asset like a stamp, and the central bank has no right to ban it. Since 2013, popular virtual currencies include bitcoin, Leyte, Fuyuan, doggy, etc Is China's virtual currency legal_****** Virtual currency can trade bitcoin, Leyte and ether on chinacoin.com.
is virtual currency illegal in China_****** Virtual currency exists legally in China, but it is illegal to engage in illegal activities by using virtual currency. The notice on preventing bitcoin risks issued by the people's Bank of China and other five ministries and commissions defines the nature of bitcoin, believing that bitcoin is not issued by the monetary authority and has no monetary attributes such as legal compensation and compulsion, Not really...
will China ban all virtual currency commercial transactions? Will virtual currency be banned_****** How to buy and sell virtual currency after China forbids virtual currency trading
how does the state treat virtual currency in 2017****** At present, there is no official recognition of the value of virtual currency in China, but only in some areas suspected of causing actual harm to society, some recognize its existence value
Japan is also the first country in the world to legislate on virtual currency. Just in April last year, Japan's "change of capital payment law" was formally established. Virtual currency is defined as having the function of currency and can be used for monetary payment. Moreover, some time ago, the tycoons of the domestic currency circle also went to Japan one after another to learn from Japan
Finally, the popularity of virtual currency in Japan is also the intentional guidance of the Japanese government. The emergence of virtual currency gives the Japanese government a new "future". The Japanese government hopes to establish a monetary system independent of the U.S. regulation through virtual currency, so as to revive its so-called great power statushowever, we should also see that Japan's too loose virtual monetary environment has also led to many negative problems. For example, the frequent theft of virtual currency makes the Japanese government have to intervene in the asset security of the virtual currency market. As a result, Japan has strengthened the supervision of virtual currency, and the virtual currency market has become a bit quiet - exchanges such as hotcoin and BIGone have even given up Japanese language services
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Japan
among Asian countries, Japan seems to be the first country to support cryptocurrency. On the contrary, in the past few years, China has been cracking down on ICO and closing down the trading business of digital currency exchanges in China. Compared with China's strict restrictions, Japan is undoubtedly far ahead in the field of cryptocurrency
maybe it's because of the anonymous people (or teams?) who developed bitcoin Japan's pseudonym is Nakamoto, so Japan's friendliness to cryptocurrency ranks at the top
after being attacked by hackers, the Japanese based Mt. GOx exchange finally closed down in February 2014, which is still the biggest scandal in the digital currency world. After that, Japan's licensed cryptocurrency exchanges came together to form a new self regulatory organization, which put forward guidelines to legalize ICO and formulated clear instry standards to protect investors, while allowing the instry to grow and continue to innovate
members of this association, called ICO business research group, include members of Parliament, academics, bankers and the CEO of bitflyer. Bitflyer is the largest cryptocurrency exchange in Japan. According to the government study, the legislature may allow potentially profitable ICO and cryptocurrency exchanges to continue trading, but at the same time, it must provide the government with more insight into these activities and enhance transparencyblockchain, and each token is said to be supported by one barrel of crude oil. However, analysts generally believe that Maro is obviously lying
nevertheless, as of the end of April, it was reported that Venezuela could offer India a 30% discount if India used petro currency to pay for its crude oil. Bitcoin magazine reported that "Venezuela has assured the buyer that petro currency will have all the functions of legal tender, can pay taxes and can be converted into Venezuelan hard currency, namely Bolivar
while many people are skeptical of petro itself and the Venezuelan government's move to integrate cryptocurrency into its declining economy, others believe that any effort to win the credibility of cryptocurrency is worthwhile. David Garcia, senior vice president and partner of ripio credit network, pointed out that Latin America is going through a transitional period
Latin America is in a difficult situation e to political corruption and economic crisis, and is troubled by high inflation and rapid devaluation of local currency, especially in Venezuela. Garcia believes that innovative ideas and solutions such as blockchain and cryptocurrency are necessary for these countries to develop in a positive direction3. Sweden
in 2015, Sweden became the first country in Europe to approve the trading of two kinds of bitcoin exchange traded notes (ETN), which are managed by XBT providers. The Swedish Krona denominated bitcoin tracker one XBT (ST: se0007126024) fund and bitcoin tracker EUR XBT provider (ST: se0007525332) can be traded on Nordic Nasdaq, the main Swedish exchange
since its launch, XBT has been launched in Denmark, Finland, Estonia and Latvia. As of early December 2017, cointegraph announced that Sweden's ETN "is more than 80% of the US ETF". In mid January, CNBC said that Sweden's bitcoin investment project attracted $1.3 billion
in addition, the Swedish central bank has been considering the development of an electronic currency called e-krona to cope with the situation that Sweden is rapidly becoming the first cashless society in the world. However, Sweden's banking sector has hit back. Hans Lindberg, chief executive of the Swedish Bankers Association, said in an interview on April 17: "in terms of e-money, there is already a lot. There are bank cards, credit cards... And other electronic solutions. The most likely scenario in the future is that the Swedish central bank will stick to wholesale business. "< However, James Pomeroy, a global economist at HSBC, believes that Sweden is still likely to become the first country in the world to issue digital currency, which may be launched in the next few years. Venezuela may be ahead in government supported cryptocurrency issuance, but Sweden, a Scandinavian country with stronger economy and more trusted regulators, may still disrupt the existing order of cryptocurrency and even lead the European cryptocurrency instry< Switzerland
4. The Swiss financial market supervision authority is at the forefront in clarifying the regulation of cryptocurrency and supporting ICO. Marc bernegger, a Swiss financial technologist, cryptocurrency entrepreneur and consultant to Swiss real coin, said Switzerland has traditionally been a haven of wealth. To some extent, this benefits from Switzerland's more open financial regulation and a long culture of protecting the privacy of Swiss banking institutions' customers. Bernegger pointed out that Switzerland has been "looking forward" to cryptocurrency assets as part of overall wealth management and is "preparing for changing economic forms."
the surrounding area of Zug in North Central Switzerland is called crypto Valley, which has been called crypto valley since Ethereum ICO was launched in 2014. For cryptocurrency entrepreneurs, developers and investors, cryptovalley is one of the most active ecosystems,5. Israel
in Israel, discussions on the regulation of cryptocurrency continue, and legislators are looking for ways to protect investors. Although Israel's banking system has failed to help promote bitcoin related business, Union Bank of Israel, the sixth largest bank in Israel, is being sued by a local cryptocurrency miner for stopping transferring funds from bitcoin exchange to the miner; In addition, Israel's second-largest bank, bank Leumi, was intervened by the district court and the country's Supreme Court when it tried to block the account activity of a local cryptocurrency exchange. This is undoubtedly a major victory for the local cryptocurrency instry
in addition, it has recently been reported that the Central Bank of Israel has been considering the possibility of issuing state supported cryptocurrency for several months. According to the Jerusalem Post, an anonymous source said, "digital shekel can record every transaction through mobile phones, making tax evasion more difficult." If a digital Shekel is introced, its value will be equal to that of an entity
in terms of technological innovation, Israel's start-up corporate culture is at the forefront. Roy meirom, co-founder and vice president of business development of wemark, pointed out that many of the 300 multinational R & D centers operating in Israel are committed to the application of blockchain<
Roy meirom also said that this small middle east country, commonly known as the "start-up country", is rapidly becoming the development center of blockchain< Bermuda
Bermuda, a member of the Commonwealth in the North Atlantic and Caribbean, has been actively seeking the adoption of cryptocurrency related regulations to begin to establish an appropriate framework to promote cryptocurrency business activities, including cryptocurrency exchanges, wallet services and payment providers. Recently, the Bermuda Monetary Authority's virtual currency business act was passed in the house of Commons
Bermuda has carried out relevant legislative activities on ICO in the form of amending the Companies Act 1981 and the limited liability companies act 2016. At the end of last year, Bermuda's prime minister and Finance Minister David Burt set up a blockchain working group, which is divided into two groups: the legal and regulatory Working Group on blockchain and the commercial working group on blockchain
7. Berlin, the capital of Germany, is perhaps one of the EU's most cryptocurrency friendly cities. In 2013, Berlin was called the "bitcoin capital of Europe" by the guardian, and it has always maintained this status. At present, people can use bitcoin to buy apartments in Berlin, make holiday reservations, and pay for meals in various fashionable local restaurants
Thomas Schouten, marketing director of lisk, a Swiss based blockchain application platform, said the application chain has a major contractor office in Berlin. Schouten said Berlin provides a vibrant start-up and technology space with a huge talent pool and vibrant culture, making it easy for companies to attract employees. In addition, he said that Germany and the German government are open to blockchain technology
in 2014, Germany became the first country to accept bitcoin as a currency, highlighting its open attitude. Similarly, board members of the Bundesbank have called for effective and appropriate regulation of cryptocurrencies and tokens. In fact, Joachim wuermeling, director of the Bundesbank, has pointed out the need for international cooperation on this issue:
to this end, a number of decision makers of the Bundesbank have participated in discussions involving the whole EU region, including stimulating the cryptocurrency instry in the whole EU region through the European block chain partnership "Scientists and engineers in the instry, many of them retired members of Israel's elite military intelligence forces, have transferred to fill the huge talent demand of the instry, and are supported by more and more blockchain start-ups and supporting ecosystems." -
"because the regulatory capacity of a single country is obviously limited, only by maximizing the potential of international cooperation can virtual currency be effectively regulated."
China recognizes bitcoin as a virtual asset, but it is a high-risk asset
3. Economy refers to the general term of a country's national economy. It includes all the material proction departments and their activities in a country, and part of the non-material proction departments and their activities. We usually talk about the economic situation of different countries from the perspective of national economy (this definition makes a logical mistake, that is, the definition of cycle).
it is reported that the Ecuadorian government will soon adopt digital currency as a supplement to its dollar based real currency system
the Ecuadorian government is going to adopt digital currency instead of popular bitcoin. In fact, Ecuador will implement its own electronic currency system, officially known as "sistema de dinero electric" ó "Nico", Ecuadorian officials said that the digital currency is only a supplement to Ecuador's real currency, but some experts seem to think that there may be other motives for this move
Ecuador is not the only country to use digital currency. Sweden is also using digital currency, but the difference is that Ecuador's digital currency is run by the government itself, which can't help raising doubts. Of course, Ecuadorian officials guarantee that Ecuador's financial system will maintain the status quo, and e-money will only supplement the existing monetary system
since 2013, the popular virtual currencies are bitcoin, Fuyuan coin, Laite coin, doggy coin, Ruibo coin, Yuanbao coin and so on.