Special terms for virtual currency investment
virtual currency is a currency that can buy goods and services in a specific community in a virtual space. It has the monetary function of medium of exchange and unit of account
virtual currency can be roughly divided into three categories
the first category
has nothing to do with real currency, and can only be used in a closed virtual environment, usually online games, such as world of Warcraft
the second type of one-way exchange can only be used in a virtual environment, and sometimes physical goods and services can be purchased, such as frequent flyer award program, microsoft points, Nintendo points, Facebook credits and Amazon coin
the third type of two-way exchange, which has a buying price and a selling price, is the same as "real" currency, including those issued by issuers, such as second life Linden coin, two-way exchangeable game currency, etc., as well as decentralized cryptocurrencies, such as bitcoin, Leyte coin, Ethereum, etc; Virtual currency & quot; But cryptocurrency is only one of the subcategories of virtual currency.
Background: the financial application of blockchain technology brings high investment value
2018 China international big data instry Expo opened in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province on the 26th. At the meeting, it was pointed out that China will vigorously develop the digital economy in the future, deeply implement the action plan for the development of big data and cloud computing, and deeply study blockchain technology and application. Especially in the field of finance, the landing application has become the focus of the scientific and financial circles
1. The value source of blockchain is that it can perfectly solve the pain points of the current financial instry:
in today's asset securitization, insurance, supply chain finance, commodity trading, asset custody and other financial scenarios, e to many participants, high cost of credit evaluation, low settlement efficiency of intermediary institutions and other reasons, Traditional financial service methods are difficult to effectively solve the long-standing core pain points in the instry, such as information asymmetry, complex and rendant processes, and high information verification cost
2. Why can blockchain solve the above pain points:
blockchain technology integrates many basic technologies, such as distributed accounting, tamper proof, built-in contract, etc., and constructs a trust building mechanism with lower cost. The financial application based on blockchain technology can realize the ability of all market participants to obtain all transaction information and asset ownership records in the market without discrimination, and effectively solve the problem of information asymmetry; Smart contract embedding reces the error rate of payment and settlement, simplifies the process and improves efficiency; At the same time, based on transparent information and brand-new trust mechanism, there is no need to spend manpower, material resources and financial resources to confirm information among participants, which will greatly rece the trust cost between institutions, and then rece the price of financial services and transaction costs
3. The application of blockchain technology in the financial field mainly includes the following aspects:
among which bitcoin is the most famous. On the basis of bitcoin, a large number of other types of decentralized digital currencies have been derived. Such as: the heyday of bits
Compared with the traditional payment system, blockchain payment can directly carry out end-to-end payment for both parties without the help of the banking system, which can greatly improve the speed and rece the cost③ digital bills
④ bank credit management: the advantage of blockchain is that it can rely on program algorithm to automatically record credit related information and store it on every computer in the blockchain network, with transparent information, tamper proof and low cost
The major financial institutions and exchanges in Europe and the United States have explored the application research of building the next generation of financial asset trading platform based on blockchain technology4. The development prospect of blockchain. The future development of blockchain technology will have the most vitality with alliance chain as the entry point, and will have a significant effect and far-reaching impact on the transformation of traditional financial instry pain points
in response to the good investment prospects of blockchain, domestic enterprises such as Alibaba, Jingdong and Netcom have entered the market. The application of financial scenarios based on blockchain technology not only brings us security and convenience, but also provides us with broader investment space. The rise and price surge of digital currency represented by bitcoin (bitcoin was about RMB 20 cents when it was first listed in 2009, and its current price is about US $7300!) It's the best proof that people with a keen sense of smell have made a lot of money from it
Abstract: This is an encrypted digital currency based on the bitcoin developed by Nakamoto Tsung, which improves and adds many new functions, such as the double-layer reward system network, also known as the main node network. It also includes anonymous payment to improve the interchangeability (bitage) and real-time payment function docking to realize real-time transaction confirmation without relying on the authority of the center (P2P mall) In 2009, Nakamoto put forward the concept of bitcoin. Since then, bitcoin has spread rapidly in mainstream applications and commercial uses, becoming the first digital currency to attract a large number of users, which is a milestone in the history of digital currency. However, from the perspective of completing the transaction, we can find an important problem, that is, it takes too long for bitcoin block to confirm the transaction. Traditional payment companies have found a solution to enable the buyer and the seller to realize zero confirmation of bitcoin transaction, but this solution usually requires a trusted third party to complete the transaction outside the agreementbitcoin provides pseudonym transaction, realizes the one-to-one transaction relationship between sender and receiver, and can always record the transactions occurred in the whole network. Bitcoin only provides low-level privacy protection, which is well known in academia. Despite this deficiency, many people still believe in the transfer history recorded by blockchain
based on Nakamoto's achievements, bitshengshi is an encrypted digital currency with the purpose of protecting privacy. We have made a series of improvements on the basis of the concept of bitcoin, resulting in a decentralized cryptocurrency with good anonymity. It supports tamper proof real-time transactions, and has a point-to-point sub network that can provide service reward system for bitsheng network
2. Master node network
the whole node is the server running on the P2P network, so that small nodes can use them to accept the dynamic changes from the whole network. These all nodes need significant traffic and other resources that consume a lot of cost. Therefore, it will be observed that the number of these nodes on the bitcoin network presents a steady downward trend over a period of time, so that the block broadcast time needs an additional 40 seconds. In order to solve this problem, many solutions have been put forward, such as the introction of Microsoft Research's new incentive plan and bitnodes incentive plan
Figure 6: mining reward model
Virtual currency wallets and local wallets are wallets specially used to store virtual currency
difference: local wallets are installed on their own computers or mobile phones, while online wallets encrypt the private key and put it on the server
personal computers may be implanted with Trojans; The wallet server also has the risk of being attacked by hackers, and the encrypted private key is cracked. Server security is better than personal computers, but it is easier to attract hackers' attention
virtual currency Wallet:
there are three main types: Online wallet, client wallet (mobile client, computer client) and hard wallet
1. Online Wallet: it refers to the operation of virtual currency relative to wallet by users in the form of network; The main form is website, which users can visit through computer and mobile phone
2. Client Wallet: it is an installation software, which needs to be downloaded to the computer or mobile phone, and can only be used after installation; This is the type of mobile app wallet that I just mentioned
3. Hard Wallet: it is similar to the wallet in the form of U disk, which is a real type of wallet
local Wallet:
the English name of local wallet is local wallet. Local wallet is to store private key and transaction data in local terminal, such as computer, mobile phone or other local devices; It refers to the storage location of the key, and its concept is independent of online wallet and offline wallet
the English name of local wallet is local wallet. It is one of the terms related to bitcoin wallet in blockchain. Local wallet is to store private key and transaction data in local terminal, such as computer, mobile phone or other local devices; Local wallet refers to the storage location of key, which is independent of online wallet and offline wallet
the local wallet is installed on your own computer or mobile phone, while the online wallet is encrypted and put on the server. Personal computers may be implanted with Trojans. Hackers may steal your wallet files and record your wallet password; The wallet server may also be attacked by hackers, and the encrypted private key may be cracked. Server security protection is better than personal computers, but it is also easier to attract hackers' attention. In terms of security, I think these two types of wallets are similar
to enhance the security of local wallet and online wallet, it's better to set a more complex password, and don't forget it. Both local wallet and online wallet are easy to use and easy to use. Because online wallet is not limited by clients, it is easier to use than local wallet. Bitcoin core, Bitai wallet and bitpai wallet all belong to this category
local Wallet_ Network
network virtual currency can be roughly divided into
the first category is familiar game currency. In the era of stand-alone games, the protagonist accumulates money by knocking down the enemy, entering the gambling house to win money, and using these to buy Herbs and equipment, but it can only be used in his own game console. At that time, there was no "market" between players. Since the establishment of Internet portal and community, the realization of game networking, virtual currency has a "financial market", players can trade game currency
the second type is the special currency issued by the portal website or instant messaging service provider, which is used to purchase the services in the website. The most widely used is Tencent's q-coin, which can be used to purchase membership, QQ show and other value-added services
the third kind of virtual currency on the Internet, such as bitcoin (BTC), Fuyuan coin (FTC), Wright currency (LTC), etc. bitcoin is an electronic currency proced by open-source P2P software. Some people also translate bitcoin as "bitcoin", which is a kind of network virtual currency. It is mainly used for Internet financial investment, and can also be directly used in daily life as a new currency.
the first category is familiar game currency. In the era of stand-alone games, the protagonist accumulates money by knocking down the enemy, entering the gambling house to win money, and using these to buy Herbs and equipment, but it can only be used in his own game console. At that time, there was no "market" between players. Since the establishment of Internet portal and community, the realization of game networking, virtual currency has a "financial market", players can trade game currency. For example, the token of various physical assets on the European crowdfunding platform
the second type is the special currency issued by the portal website or instant messaging service provider, which is used to purchase the services in the website. The most widely used is Tencent's q-coin, which can be used to purchase membership, QQ show and other value-added services
the third kind of virtual currency on the Internet, such as bitcoin (BTC), Wright currency (LTC), etc. bitcoin is an electronic currency proced by open-source P2P software. Some people also translate bitcoin as "bitcoin", which is a kind of network virtual currency. It is mainly used for Internet financial investment, and can also be directly used in daily life as a new currency.
this is a professional term of trading platform, which is easy to understand
the current virtual currency circle is full of weeds, so investors need to be more cautious, especially for the new virtual currencies, which are mostly MLM currencies. The old virtual currencies include bitcoin, Ruitai coin, Laite coin, Ethereum and so on.
lightning network is a kind of chain breaking technology, which uses layer 2 to eliminate the transaction processing capacity of bitcoin
examples of terminology usage
bitfinex plans to implement tether based lightning network (usdt)
detailed description
if lightning network is introced, it is possible to trade outside the crowded blockchain, so as to speed up the transaction speed and rece the cost. If you can speed up transactions and rece costs, you can make small payments, which is expected to create new procts and services
Mining pool is an organized server, which is created to collect the hash value of each miner and cooperate in mining
examples of terminology usage
the rewards earned by the virtual currency exchange binance in the mining pool can be directly traded by binance
detailed description
in the mining business of vital scale, a mechanism for multiple miners to cooperate in mining. The reward is paid according to the contribution of the mining
7. Half lifehalf life refers to the time when the mining reward (= new circulation) of bitcoin and other virtual currencies is reced by half
examples of terminology usage
cryptocurrency bitcoin (BTC) will reach its third half-life on May 12, 2020, and the mining reward will be reced from 12.5 BTC to 6.25 BTC
detailed description
many virtual currencies have "issuance limits" to prevent inflation, and the new issuance will be reced by half every certain interval of half-life. This is also a noteworthy event unique to virtual money, because with the decrease of supply and the rising of price, the scarcity value increases significantly