Virtual money flows everywhere
What are the advantages of bitcoin
freedom of payment - you can pay and receive any amount of money anytime and anywhere. No bank holidays, no borders, no imposed restrictions. Bitcoin allows its users full control of their funds
very low fee - at present, there is no or very little fee for the processing of bitcoin payment. The user can include the service charge in the transaction to obtain the processing priority and receive the transaction confirmation from the network faster. In addition, there are also merchant processors to assist merchants in processing transactions, converting bitcoin into legal tender every day and depositing the funds directly into the merchant's bank account. Because these services are all based on bitcoin, they can offer much lower fees than paypal or credit card networks
rece business risk - bitcoin transactions are secure, irreversible, and do not contain customers' sensitive or personal information. This avoids the loss of merchants e to fraud or fraulent chargeback, and there is no need to comply with PCI standards. Where credit cards are not available or where fraud rates are unacceptably high, businesses can easily expand into new markets. The end result is lower costs, larger markets, and less administrative costs
Security and control - bitcoin users have complete control over their own transactions; It is impossible for businesses to impose fees that may occur in other payment methods that should not be or are not easy to find. Payment with bitcoin can avoid binding personal information in the transaction, which provides great protection against identity theft. Users of bitcoin can also protect their funds through backup and encryption
transparent and neutral - all information about the bitcoin funding itself is stored in the block chain and can be verified and used by anyone in real time. No indivial or organization can control or manipulate the bitcoin protocol because it is password protected. This makes the bitcoin core believed to be completely neutral, transparent and predictable
in addition to bitcoin, the more popular virtual currencies are Wright coin, Fuyuan coin, Ruibo coin, dog coin, etc.
According to the news on February 10, 2018, on September 4, 2017, seven ministries and commissions of the people's Republic of China issued the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, which regulates the issuance of tokens. In the notice, the nature of all kinds of tokens and "virtual currency" is clearly defined: it is not issued by the monetary authority, and it has no monetary attributes such as legal compensation and mandatory, It does not have the same legal status as currency and cannot and should not be used as currency in the market. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that all kinds of "virtual currency" still have a certain property value and are part of the property of the holder. So, how to identify the nature of the theft of such tokens
In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of "virtual token" holders, the author intends to discuss such issues through a relevant news report and relevant casesstealing bitcoin
recently, a news report said that Haidian police in Beijing cracked a case of destroying computer information system. The suspect Zhong used his administrator's authority to modify the company's computer applications and steal 100 bitcoins. Before he could sell the stolen money, Zhong was arrested by the police. At present, Zhong was detained for the crime of destroying computer information system
it can be seen from the report that the police detained the perpetrator for stealing bitcoin on suspicion of damaging the computer information system. The crime of destroying the computer information system stipulated in Article 286 of the criminal law of our country refers to the act of deleting, modifying, adding or interfering with the functions of the computer information system in violation of the provisions of the state, resulting in the abnormal operation of the computer information system and serious consequences, or deleting, modifying or interfering with the data and application programs stored, processed or transmitted in the computer information system Modifying or adding operations with serious consequences, or deliberately making or spreading destructive programs such as computer viruses, which affect the normal operation of the computer system with serious consequences
In the author's opinion, this crime is one of the crimes of impairing social management order in Chapter 6 of the criminal law, that is, the legal interest protected by this crime is actually the public order of our society, not the property interests of the digital currency holders, which in fact denies the property value of digital currency, It is only protected as a data or system function in a computer system. The author thinks that there is some irrationality in this wayfirst of all, in the notice on the prevention of bitcoin risk issued in 2013, it is mentioned that bitcoin is not a real currency because it is not issued by the monetary authority and does not have such monetary attributes as legal compensation and compulsion. Bitcoin has four main characteristics: no centralized issuers, limited amount, no geographical restrictions and anonymity. Because it belongs to a specific virtual commodity in nature The notice also clearly mentioned that bitcoin does not have the same legal status as currency and should not be used as currency in the market. However, as a virtual commodity, the property value behind bitcoin cannot be ignored
Secondly, Article 127 of the general provisions of the civil law, which came into effect on October 1 last year, stipulates that if the law has provisions on the protection of data and network virtual property, such provisions shall prevail. Although only the protection of the network virtual property has made the principle provisions, but it can not be denied that this shows our country's attitude towards the protection of the network virtual property. Although there is no special law for the protection of data and network virtual property in China, from the perspective of the general provisions of civil law, it is predicted that there will be relevant legislation in the futurefinally, from the relevant cases, we can also see the recognition of the property attribute of virtual currency such as bitcoin in China's judicial practice. In April and may 2013, Liu premeditated to set up a bitcoin trading platform, so he recruited Jin and Huang (both sentenced) to jointly set up a "bitcoin" trading platform. During this period, Liu, Huang, Jin, Jin and the defendant he, in addition to other acts of directly stealing customers' funds, also frequently cashed RMB by selling customers' bitcoins, and transferred 120 bitcoins from the website. Finally, the court convicted and punished the defendant for fraud, and the bitcoin transferred by the defendant was also included in the property loss of the victim. Therefore, from the judicial cases, we can also get the recognition of the property attributes of virtual currency such as bitcoin
based on the above reasons, the author thinks that it may be unreasonable to regulate the theft of virtual currency only as the crime of damaging computer information system. We should face up to the hidden property value and consider the application of the crime of infringing property in China's criminal law. Only in this way can we effectively protect the legitimate rights and property of digital currency holders in China
this is also a distributed (decentralized) digital currency. Unlike the sha256 mining algorithm used by bitcoin, LTC adopts scrypt algorithm. Scrypt algorithm uses sha256 as its subroutine, and scrypt itself needs a lot of memory. Each hash is used as the seed of the input, and then it needs a lot of memory to store another pseudo-random sequence to generate the pseudo-random points of the sequence and output the hash value. In the mining of BTC (bitcoin), it is not enough to rely on simple graphics card mining (it takes about ten to dozens of days to dig a BTC with general configuration graphics card). The emergence of various expensive mining machines has raised the threshold for ordinary people to get BTC through mining, while LTC has certain advantages in using PC graphics card mining This passage comes from Zhihu.)
compared with BTC, litecain has made a little improvement in technology. If BTC is gold now, LTC is silver for the time being
the biggest advantage of litecoin is that it can confirm the authenticity faster. The virtual currency is designed and maintained by Charles Lee. Bitcoin transactions need to be verified, and the average verification time is more than 10 minutes. Most transaction websites need 1 hour to verify. The average transaction confirmation time of liteoin is 2.5 minutes. Developers claim that shortening the verification time increases the practicability of virtual currency. The bitcoin mining efficiency of customized machine and AMD GPU is the highest, making it almost unprofitable for miners using CPU mining. Litecain's mining excludes GPUs and custom processors, so it doesn't rely too much on a small number of professional miners
ppcoin
ppcoin (PPC) was released on August 19, 2012, which has improved the original technology of BTC. Use proof of make and add the concept of coin age
ppcoin is a bifurcated project of bitcoin, which aims to achieve energy efficiency and maintain the best performance of the original bitcoin as far as possible. The unit price of ppcoin is US $0.22 and the total currency value is US $4 million
ppcoin does not have a fixed upper limit of money supply, but it does not mean that ppcoin has obvious inflation compared with bitcoin. Bitcoin can be compared to gold. The annual inflation rate of gold is about 1-3%. Although gold has no known upper limit of money supply, we still know that it is a reliable scarce commodity
ppcoin has two types of casting: work certificate and equity certificate. The coinage rate of working proof is affected by Moore's law, which depends on the doubling of our working proof ability. What we all know is that Moore's law will eventually come to an end. By then, the ppcoin of inflation may be close to the gold level. The annual maximum inflation rate of certificate of equity is 1%. At the same time, ppcoin's transaction costs were destroyed to fight inflation. So on the whole, the coin design of ppcoin is still a very low inflation design in the future, which can be comparable with bitcoin<
ppcoin's reward is similar to lottery, which will determine the winning probability according to the number of ppcoin held by miners. Sunny king, one of the founders, said that their design is based on a new concept of long-term energy efficiency
terracoin
terracoin (TRC) was released on October 26, 2012, with a total currency of 42 million. The speed of each block is 2 minutes, slightly faster than LTC. There is not much special in technology, similar to the proction of BTC halved every four years
however, the operation team seems to have a strong business background and may be better than other bitcoins in circulation. The development of virtual currency is getting more and more attention. Now some teams with business background will accelerate the development of virtual currency
namecoin
namecoin is a distributed domain name system based on bitcoin technology. Its principle is the same as bitcoin. The first release date of this open source software is April 18, 2011
namecoin is generated from an original block which is different from bitcoin's main trading block. It uses a new blockchain, which is independent of bitcoin's blockchain. Because it is based on bitcoin, the security, distribution, robustness, encryption and migration of domain names are guaranteed mathematically. You can dig bitcoin and namecoin at the same time
this project was discussed and proposed by bitdns, which is mainly dissatisfied with the defects of DNS. The only top-level domain name of namecoin is. Bit. It costs namecoin to register a. Bit domain name
in addition, Q currency, Shanda currency, starting point currency and various online game currencies are also virtual currencies.
1、 7 * 24 hours trading
the trading time of digital currency is very long, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. As long as you like, you can trade whenever you want. There is no time limit
friends who have worked in stocks and futures know that stocks and futures have trading time limits. A few hours of trading time in a day is not enough. Digital currency is a real all-weather trading, which can meet the needs of friends who trade in different periods of time. You can trade whenever you are free, even on weekends, It's just so willful
Second, there is no limit on price rise and price fall.
there is no limit on price rise and price fall in the trading of digital currency, that is to say, it can rise and fall freely without any limit. You can say that there is a huge income space, but you can also think that there is too much risk. This is a matter of different opinions. There are good and bad, because the income and risk are positively related. Digital currency trading platform "currency exchange"
the price demand of the market can be truly reflected without the limit of rise and fall, because the rise and fall of the price is a very natural process. When everyone is optimistic, it will rise, and when they are not optimistic, it will fall. This is the law of price fluctuation, and the limit of rise and fall only adds human intervention to the price fluctuation to slow down the price fluctuation, But it can't really stop the price movement. Therefore, there is no limit on price fluctuation, which is the most real price fluctuation and truly meets the market demand and expectation
(3) t + 0 transaction: Generally speaking, the digital currency bought on the same day can be sold on the same day, that is, it can be sold with the buyer. It sounds very powerful. If the digital currency you buy makes money, you can sell it immediately and make it safe; If there is a little loss, you can also sell it immediately to prevent the loss from further expanding. All t + 0 trading system is really very practical, can be very flexible to deal with the hands of the position Four, two-way transaction digital currency can not only buy long, but also sell short. Most of my friends basically understand buying long and bullish, but they don't understand selling short and bearish. This is actually a reverse thinking, the key point is to judge the direction of rise and fall accurately, at the same time, there is a price difference to earn on the linefor example, we can buy at a low price and then sell at a high price to earn the price difference (buy long and be bullish); You can also sell at a high price first, and then come back at a low price to earn a difference (sell short and put). The operation steps are almost the same. It's just a direction of business
Five, margin system margin trading is to pay a part of the margin to buy the relevant digital currency, just like when you buy a house, you only need to pay a certain down payment to buy the house. This is the legendary leveraged trading, but at present only some platforms have leveraged trading. Margin trading (Leveraged trading) has achieved the goal of "small, broad and big", maximizing the efficiency of capital utilization, expanding both profits and losses. We can treat it dialecticallynetwork virtual currency can be roughly divided into
the first category is familiar game currency. In the era of stand-alone games, the protagonist accumulates money by knocking down the enemy, entering the gambling house to win money, and using these to buy Herbs and equipment, but it can only be used in his own game console. At that time, there was no "market" between players. Since the establishment of Internet portal and community, the realization of game networking, virtual currency has a "financial market", players can trade game currency
the second type is the special currency issued by the portal website or instant messaging service provider, which is used to purchase the services in the website. The most widely used is Tencent's q-coin, which can be used to purchase membership, QQ show and other value-added services
the third kind of virtual currency on the Internet, such as bitcoin (BTC), Fuyuan coin (FTC), Wright currency (LTC), etc. bitcoin is an electronic currency proced by open-source P2P software. Some people also translate bitcoin as "bitcoin", which is a kind of network virtual currency. It is mainly used for Internet financial investment, and can also be directly used in daily life as a new currency.
There is no definition and distinction between game currency and stock, derivative financial instruments, especially electronic currency. In fact, there is an internal thread that can run through these different forms of virtual currency, which is the performance maturity of personalized value. We can summarize it logically as follows:
Bank e-money
Bank e-money was initially a kind of "pseudo virtual money". It only has the form of virtual currency, such as digitization and symbolization, but it does not have the essence of virtual currency and has nothing to do with personalization. For example, it is just the counterpart of paper money; It may be issued by the central bank; It may be in the same market as the money market. However, bank e-money has broken through the extension of money, that is, it can also be issued not by the central bank, but by information service providers, as was the case with several early e-money. The second breakthrough is the liquidity of bank e-money, which far exceeds that of ordinary money. Therefore, it implies a challenge to the pricing power of currency price level. For example, in overnight lending, if the same money is turned over several times in the form of electronic money, although from the traditional monetary point of view, nothing has happened, but from the perspective of virtual money circulation speed, it has actually changed the conditions of money price level
credit information currency
stock is the most typical credit information currency. Its essence is virtual and it is a kind of virtual currency with personalized characteristics. It is the most realistic foundation of the current virtual economy. Stock market and derivative financial instrument market constitute a large-scale and unified virtual money market. They are not only based on entity business, but also supported by a wide range of information services such as trust business and insurance business. The so-called unified market refers to that the market as a whole can be exchanged with the money market at the overall level of national income. Historically, only when money forms a unified market, that is, the main body of the national economy is monetized, can the adjustment of money quantity and interest rate on the national economy be discussed. The same is true for the virtual economy. This issue is not without dispute. Although the scale of the virtual economy is several times larger than that of the real economy, a large part of the real economy has not entered the unified market. If the game currency is compared with stocks, its progress in this respect is far from satisfactory. Only through the two stages of entertainment instrialization and instrial entertainment, it is possible to reach the level of unified market
analyzing the stock market and derivative financial instrument market, the biggest difference between the stock market and the general money market is that its circulation speed cannot be directly determined by the central bank. For example, as a virtual currency, the price level of stock index can not be directly determined by the central bank like the interest rate, but by the so-called "confidence" of people. The fundamentals of the central bank and the real capital market can only indirectly determine the stock market, not directly. So I think the stock market is an information market, not a money market
compared with the mature virtual money market, the main characteristics of the stock market are incomplete. The stock market integrates the noise at all reference points (i.e. indivial gain and loss values) into a unified reference value, which is combined with the standard value (utility value on the basis and general equilibrium value) to form the continuous fluctuation of the market around the utility value. Although it is different from the money market with the central bank as the center for orderly centripetal movement, it is not different from the money market. From the point of view of the real virtual money market, the characteristic of this market is the incommensurable personalized fixed value. In this sense, the centralized stock market has not achieved this function, and the independent role of the stock market as the so-called "casino" has not been played. Thirdly,
the fundamental function of personalized credit voucher
virtual currency is to synthesize value on the spot of personality, rather than to determine a rational value in isolation at an equilibrium point separated from the real world. The significance of virtual currency is to establish a value system centered on the final consumer. After the full realization of virtual currency, the single currency with general equivalent function will tend to be backward. Game currency is the experimental field of virtual currency at a higher stage, and it is difficult to be a major task. The ideal virtual currency is the value symbol of the real world. In the general equivalent exchange, the specific use value and the corresponding subject of the specific use value, namely the non-homogeneous needs and personalized needs of people, are completely filtered out. Virtual currency will change all this, through the virtual way, people's heterogeneous needs and personalized needs will be anchored to the fundamentals by indivial reference point, and the value will be synthesized. Therefore, virtual currency must have two sides, one is to have the function of commodity exchange, the other is to have the function of barter. Through the former to overcome the relativity and subjectivity of value, through the latter to achieve personalized value confirmation. In order to achieve this goal, virtual currency must realize a huge transformation, which is to transform to dialogue system and become interactive currency. The bargaining here is aimed at the level of currency price. Recall that the transformation from text to dialogue, which has been realized for decades, is the direction of the transformation of virtual currency. The value of game currency is uncertain. When people exchange game currency, it is uncertain whether the ultimate happiness they may get is above or below the currency value until they participate in the game. The game is a dialogue process. Of course, various value-added functions of game currency have not been developed in combination with personalized information services. If this kind of value-added business is fully developed, game currency will not be used because of the different businesses providing services, which may become an advantage over stocks
a fully personalized virtual currency may be a kind of currency card with additional information, and its value is to be confirmed. Virtual currency with specific undetermined function and resial value, on the one hand, its information can have room for reinterpretation like text, on the other hand, it has the potential of karaoke like redevelopment. Its information value has an open interface and can be added again. If they are exchanged in the secondary market like the stock market, they may float up and down in the basic par value with their personalized information, and they will have more attractiveness like stocks. Game currency only has the function of value circulation, but not the function of market platform, so it is only an imperfect virtual currency. The reason is the lack of corresponding instrial base
at present, China does not recognize virtual currency
and has not authorized any unit to issue virtual currency
be careful when playing virtual currency, so as not to be cheated
immigration training should follow the principles of "government organization, voluntary immigration, market orientation and contract constraint"
we should adhere to and improve the ideas of training and developing the advantageous instries in the reservoir area, promoting the employment of urban migrants, increasing the output and income of rural migrants, transferring rural labor force to non-agricultural instries, supporting counterpart work, and publicizing immigration policies and regulations
the management system of "unified leadership of the city, based on districts and counties, hierarchical management and hierarchical training" is implemented in immigration training. The municipal immigration bureau is the comprehensive management department of the city's immigration training, which is responsible for the preparation of the city's immigration training plan, plan arrangement, fund raising, supervision and guidance, assessment and acceptance. The immigration bureaus of all districts and counties (autonomous counties and cities) shall be responsible for the preparation, organization and management of the annual plan for immigration training within their respective administrative areas, the implementation of training, the filing and certification of immigration training, etc
the training objects include rural migrants, urban pure residents, laid-off workers from inundated enterprises, migrants occupying land in urban towns and migrants resettled inside and outside the city. Among them, we should focus on training the following migrants:
(1) poor migrants
(2) the new immigrant labor force who can not continue to study after graating from junior high school or senior high school
(3) rural migrants with a certain degree of ecation who are suitable for migrant work< (4) urban migrants
when organizing the immigrants to participate in the training, the immigration bureaus of all districts and counties (autonomous counties and cities) should strictly examine the qualifications of the trainees, and the trainees must have the status of Three Gorges immigrants. The qualification examination shall be concted by the township, town and sub district offices, and examined and approved by the district and county (Autonomous County, city) immigration bureau
all kinds of schools and social institutions are encouraged to actively participate in immigration training. A number of schools or training institutions with complete teaching facilities, strong teachers, excellent training conditions and high employment rate after training are selected as training bases (training points)
training bases (training points) at the municipal and district / county levels (autonomous counties and cities) are the main strength of immigration training. We should give full play to the role of demonstration and driving, and truly become the main channel to help immigrants learn skills, take up employment, increase income and become rich
the immigration training base (training point) implements "good in, bad out, dynamic management". The municipal and district / county (Autonomous County / city) immigration bureaus conct an inspection on the implementation of immigration training in the immigration training base (training point) once a year. Schools or training units that violate immigration training policies, have poor training quality, do not carry out labor skill training for immigrants within one year, and do not use immigration training funds according to regulations shall be disqualified from immigration training base (training point) by the municipal or district / county (Autonomous County / city) Immigration Bureau after reporting to the people's government at the same level for approval
the expert group of labor skills training for Three Gorges migrants is a consultant organization engaged by the municipal government. Its main responsibilities are: to make forward-looking, instructive and operable suggestions and opinions on migrant labor skills training and migrant employment work; To guide and supervise the labor skill training of immigrants, and to review the evaluation results of immigration training; To guide the employment, reemployment, self employment and labor transfer of immigrants, and improve the employment rate of immigrants after training
the employment system is implemented for the members of the expert group of migrant labor skills training. The members of the expert group should often go deep into the reservoir area to investigate and study the situation of migrant training, and make suggestions for the work of migrant training< Each immigration training base (training point) shall sign an immigration training contract or agreement with the immigration bureau every year, and prepare an immigration training implementation plan according to the training contract (agreement). The training implementation plan shall be submitted to the municipal or district / county (Autonomous County, city) immigration bureau for examination and approval before training. All immigration training bases (training points) shall not change the training items without authorization
according to the needs of the development of advantageous instries in the reservoir area, the requirements of increasing the output and income of rural immigrants, and the labor market demand, the immigration bureaus and training bases (training points) of all districts and counties (autonomous counties and cities) should reasonably arrange training programs, set up targeted and practical training courses, and help rural immigrants develop breeding instry, We will promote the transfer of surplus labor force of rural migrants to non-agricultural instries for employment, and promote urban migrants to work and start their own businesses
the training base (training point) should arrange teachers with professional qualification, strong sense of responsibility and rich practical experience to take the job of immigration training
the quality of immigration training should be put in the first place. Each training base (training point) should strengthen teaching management, select and compile suitable training materials, formulate feasible training plans, organize teaching seriously, and strengthen teaching management ring training. The municipal and district / county (Autonomous County / city) immigration bureau shall strictly check whether the teachers, teaching plans, teaching plans, teaching materials, class hours and teaching methods of the training base (training point) meet the requirements of immigration training, guide and supervise the training process, and complete the training tasks according to the approved training plan
in order to ensure the quality of immigration training, each training class should complete the required learning tasks according to the training time stipulated by the state, focus on strengthening practical training, and strictly carry out the examination and assessment of the skills learned by the trainees. In principle, the trainees should reach the level of primary and above labor skills and obtain the "professional qualification certificate" or "green certificate" issued by the relevant departments of the state. Immigrants who participate in vocational ecation and training should also obtain vocational ecation certificate
establish and improve the quality assurance system of immigration training to ensure the realization of immigration training objectives. The quality assurance system of immigration training mainly includes: Immigration training leading organization, expert group, training base, teaching staff, training materials, training equipment, training time, examination and assessment, professional qualification appraisal, department cooperation, quality and effect evaluation, etc
establish and improve the evaluation system of immigration training effect. The main basis for the evaluation of the effect of immigration training is whether the immigrants have improved their labor skills, increased proction and income, transferred the surplus labor force of rural immigrants to non-agricultural instries, and promoted the employment of urban immigrants
evaluate immigration training regularly, submit evaluation reports, reflect the implementation of immigration training, training quality, training effect and existing problems, and put forward suggestions to improve immigration training
the annual plan of resettlement training should be based on the resettlement training plan, according to the annual plan issued by the higher authorities, and according to the needs of resettlement work, the progress of resettlement tasks and the funding base of resettlement lump sum, the funding plan of resettlement training project should be scientifically and reasonably prepared
before the end of September of each year, the immigration bureaus of all districts and counties (autonomous counties and cities) shall report the proposed scheme of the next year's immigration training plan, and the municipal immigration bureaus shall report it to the office of the Three Gorges Construction Commission for approval after summarizing and balancing. After the office of the Three Gorges Construction Committee issued the annual investment plan, the municipal Immigration Bureau issued the annual immigration training task and investment control scale to the immigration bureaus of all districts and counties (autonomous counties and cities). According to the annual resettlement training task and investment, the immigration bureaus of all districts and counties (autonomous counties and cities) report the investment plan of resettlement training projects. The municipal immigration bureau shall approve the training project investment plan submitted by the district and county (Autonomous County, city) immigration bureau, and then issue the annual immigration training plan
the annual plan of immigration training is mandatory and should be completed in the current year. Each district / county (Autonomous County / city) immigration bureau must organize and implement immigration training according to the plan, and shall not conct training without plan or beyond the plan. The change and adjustment of the training plan should be reported to the municipal Immigration Bureau for approval
immigration training fund is an important part of immigration fund, and its management is implemented according to the relevant provisions of immigration fund management, with special account management and special use. It is necessary to ensure that the funds for immigration training are used for immigration training so that immigrants can get benefits. It is strictly forbidden to divert the funds for immigration training to other purposes. Non immigrants are not allowed to use the funds for immigration training
project management system is adopted in the use of funds for immigration training. The training funds are arranged according to the types, contents and numbers of training immigrants. If the training fund is used beyond the plan, it will not be added
graally change the form in which the training funds are fully borne by the state, and form a source channel of training funds for immigrants, which is a combination of state subsidies, investment from employment enterprises, preferential treatment from immigration training bases (training points) and appropriate burden of immigrants, so as to promote the healthy development of immigration training
the immigration department signs a training contract with the training institution according to the training plan, and the training institution applies to the district and county (Autonomous County, city) immigration bureau for the allocation of training funds according to the training contract and the completion of the training tasks that have been assessed and accepted
when arranging the funds for immigration training projects, the funds for immigration training should be arranged in proportion. Training funds are mainly used for expenses related to immigration training. Training funds shall not crowd out training project funds, and non immigrant training funds shall not crowd out immigrant training funds
attach great importance to the important role of information technology in immigration training, accelerate the pace of immigration training information construction, create convenient conditions for immigrants to receive labor skills training through information means, and actively explore a new mode of online ecation and training for immigrants
using modern information technology to implement scientific management of immigration training. The Three Gorges resettlement training resource database, the Three Gorges resettlement training database and the Three Gorges resettlement training and employment database should be well constructed. We should conscientiously do a good job in the input of immigration training materials, and improve the level of information management of immigration training
monthly report system is implemented for immigration training. The immigration bureaus of all districts and counties (autonomous counties and cities) shall report the immigration training of the current month to the municipal Immigration Bureau on the 25th of each month
immigration training archives refer to words, charts and audio-visual materials with preservation value formed in the process of immigration training
immigration training files are divided into indivial volume and comprehensive volume. The indivial papers mainly include the qualification examination form of immigrants, the skill level certificate obtained, the employment agreement, etc; The comprehensive paper mainly includes class notice, teaching plan (teaching plan), teaching materials, student roster, training contract or agreement, labor export order or employment (training) agreement, examination paper, student examination results, leader's speech and other related materials
the retention period of immigration training files shall be in accordance with the relevant provisions of immigration file management
the immigration training files are established and managed by the district and county (Autonomous County, city) immigration bureau. The immigration training files of the municipal training base shall be handed over to the municipal Immigration Bureau
special target assessment is implemented for immigration training, and the assessment contents mainly include the completion of annual training tasks, training quality, the effect of increasing income and becoming rich after training, employment after training, training files, management and use of training funds, etc
units or indivials with outstanding achievements in immigration training will be commended and rewarded
the district / county (Autonomous County / city) immigration bureau or training base (training point) that fails to complete the task of immigration training, the management of immigration training is chaotic, and the training quality is poor will be criticized
embezzle, misappropriate and crowd out the funds for immigration training