The impact of RMB devaluation on virtual currency

1.

Take China's currency RMB as an example, the impact of RMB devaluation:

1, the rising cost of outbound travel

the most direct impact of RMB devaluation on our life is to travel abroad. Yang Yanfeng, an associate researcher of China Tourism Research Institute, believes that "the quotation cycle of outbound tourism is relatively long. Because of the depreciation of RMB, the cost of travel agencies will certainly increase accordingly. In the future, the travel society will quote the price higher."

2. The price of overseas shopping will rise in recent years. Generally, the price of goods purchased from overseas is about 30% cheaper than those purchased at domestic counters, and some even half cheaper. This is also the reason why many overseas Taoists are willing to go far and near. However, if the RMB depreciates, many overseas Taoists will feel "lost" because the prices of some overseas goods they buy will rise

After the devaluation of RMB, students who want to study abroad may have to make a new budget, especially if they want to study in the United States and have not paid tuition fees, they may have to face a slight increase in tuition pressure

According to the analysis of experts, the biggest beneficiary of RMB depreciation is the export enterprises. At present, most export enterprises settle accounts in US dollars. If the method of immediate settlement of foreign exchange is adopted, the income of enterprises will increase with the change of exchange rate. In the long run, the devaluation of RMB will also have a price advantage for export goods

For real estate enterprises, the cost of overseas financing will rise, and they may speed up the price rection sales to collect money. From the perspective of house buyers, the depreciation of RMB will affect the investment demand of some house buyers. The house price in the third and fourth tier cities is likely to fall, but it has little impact on the first and second tier cities

6. The stock market has no effect in the short term, but is bad in the long term. The reasons are as follows: on the one hand, the devaluation of RMB leads to the decline of asset valuation in the local currency, which leads to the weakness of financial, real estate and other related sectors and drags down the overall market; On the other hand, once the expectation of RMB devaluation is formed, it will lead to the outflow of hot money, and the liquidity environment of a shares will be tightened rapidly

The central parity rate of RMB against the US dollar fell by 1.82% on November 11, which triggered a chain reaction in the overseas foreign exchange market and commodity market. Gold and crude oil once fell sharply. However, people in the instry believe that the depreciation of RMB will not have a big impact on the commodity market in the long run

extended data

the effect of currency devaluation:

1. Currency devaluation causes price rise in China. However, currency devaluation can stimulate proction under certain conditions, and rece the price of domestic goods abroad, which is concive to expanding exports and recing imports. Therefore, after the Second World War, many countries used it as a means of anti economic crisis and stimulating economic development

Exchange rate instruments are often used to adjust a country's balance of payments. Governments all over the world hope to use exchange rate instruments to restore the balance of payments. Especially when a country's balance of payments is in deficit, they often use the strategy of devaluation of local currency, hoping to rece the foreign currency price of domestic exports through devaluation of local currency, Enhance the price competitiveness of domestic exports in the international market, so as to promote exports and increase exports

On the other hand, we should increase the local currency price of foreign imports in the domestic market and rece the price competitiveness of foreign imports in the domestic market, so as to rece imports. In short, through the downward adjustment of the exchange rate of the local currency, we can expand exports and rece imports, so as to narrow the trade balance and even the balance of payments deficit, restore balance and even create a surplus

The balance of payments has not been improved or even worsened. We call this phenomenon the failure of balance of payments effect of currency devaluation. The failure of balance of payments effect of currency devaluation has always existed, but it is particularly prominent in recent years

2.

When you get off at Hunan daily station, just a few tens of meters to the south is

please take it. Thank you

3. Er, which CDC do you refer to? There are two places near Mawangi:
one is Changsha center for Disease Control and prevention, address: No. 149, Wei'Er Road, Mars Town, Furong district, Changsha City, Hunan Province, Tel: (0731) 84735651
the other is Furong Center for Disease Control and prevention, address: No. 8, middle Torch Road, Changsha City
of course, the former is relatively close, and the bus stop nearby is Wei'Er Road station, and the bus routes are 112, 142, 156, 603, 705

4. The working interface of cone concentrator can be regarded as an inverted cone composed of several fan-shaped chutes without side wall. It eliminates the inverted cone formed by fan chute assembly. It eliminates the sidewall effect of the fan-shaped chute, improves the separation effect, and increases the processing capacity of the equipment. It is a suitable roughing equipment for beach placer. The separation particle size is generally 2 ~ 0.04mm
the cone concentrator can be assembled into two forms: single cone and double cone. The double-layer cone has two separation surfaces with large processing capacity and is generally used for roughing; Single layer cone is used for cleaning. According to the different ore properties and proct quality requirements, the single-layer cone and double-layer cone can be combined to form a multi-stage unit, and the roughing, cleaning and scavenging operations can be continuously completed on one unit. Centrifugal concentrator
centrifugal concentrator has large processing capacity and high recovery efficiency for fine ore particles, so it is the most commonly used slime roughing equipment at present. The suitable particle size is -0.074mm and the effective recovery particle size is 0.074 ~ 0.010mm. Its disadvantages are that it can't work continuously, water consumption is large, water pressure requirements are high, and the control mechanism needs to be further improved
the specifications and types of centrifugal concentrators are still developing. According to the number of drums, they can be divided into single drum and double drum. According to the taper of drum, they can be divided into single taper, double taper and multi taper. Table floating bed
compared with other particle flotation equipment, table floating bed is easy to operate and control, can proce a variety of procts at the same time, with high separation efficiency, stable index, less drug consumption and strong adaptability, so it is widely used to separate 5 ~ 0.2mm polymetallic sulfide minerals
Table flotation bed is a kind of equipment which can implement gravity separation and flotation on the shaker at the same time. The treatment capacity of table floating bed is related to the particle size of materials, mineral density difference, proct quality and mineral floatability. The design can refer to the actual index selection or test determination of similar ore proction
points for attention when selecting floating bed:
1) do a good job in desliming classification: remove the slime less than 0.2mm and coarse particles larger than 5mm
2) pay attention to pulp mixing, and give enough time and temperature for pulp mixing
3) reasonable restart; The air pressure indicated by the inflation meter is generally 2.7 ~ 5.6kpa (280 ~ 570mmh2o), and the inflation volume is 750 ~ 1000m3 / (set? h)
at present, many concentrators do not set up aeration devices, but use additional small bed surface to get satisfactory beneficiation indexes www.gyxxjx.com

5. Changsha center for Disease Control and prevention address: 149 Weier Road, Mars Town, Furong district, Changsha City

6. Cone crusher is suitable for crushing all kinds of ores and rocks with medium hardness and above. It has the advantages of reliable structure, high proction efficiency, convenient adjustment, economical use, large crushing force, large processing capacity, low operation cost, convenient adjustment, reasonable material selection and structural design of parts, long service life, and recing shutdown time. Each crusher has a variety of cavities, Users can choose different cavity types according to different requirements.

7. Jiangxi Hengcheng mineral processing equipment Co., Ltd. arranges for you and hopes to help you.
water jacket centrifuge, also known as Nielsen centrifuge, is an important gravity separation equipment. It is a kind of centrifugal mineral processing equipment developed and proced by using the principle of gravity acceleration. It is suitable for single gold recovery of sand gold, vein gold and polymetallic ore to replace mercury plate operation. It can also be used in the cleaning of gold bearing heavy sand washed by chute and gold dredger. It is an ideal choice for dry land or river gold panning and rock gold equipment
the working process of the water jacket centrifuge
the double-layer centrifuge barrel is divided into two layers, the inner layer is a cone shape like a washing machine dryer barrel, which is welded with stainless steel and has annular spacer bars. There are many small holes on the wall of the inner cone, and the outer layer is also a cone shape, forming a closed water jacket with the inner layer. The middle transmission shaft is a hollow shaft, and the pressure water is flushed into the inner sleeve of the double-layer centrifugal barrel through the hollow shaft, and is sprayed into the spacer bar through the inner hole to form the backwash water. Under the action of high-speed centrifugal force, the slurry slides upward along the inner cone, heavy substances such as heavy monomer gold precipitate between the spacer bars, and light substances slide upward until they reach the upper opening of the double-layer centrifugal bucket and discharge through the tailings tank. Under the impact of backwash water, the heavy substances between the spacer bars are separated by the inner cone, The heavier material is deposited at the bottom of the spacer, and the lighter material is continuously replaced by the new heavy material. After a period of time, the gold bearing heavy material is cleaned out between the spacer. That is to complete a beneficiation process

our company has proced five models. It is proved by mineral processing test that the recovery of gold is above 99% when the gold monomer in vein gold ore is dissociated. The period of rock gold expulsion is 1-4 hours, and that of sand gold is 4-8 hours, and the enrichment ratio can reach 500-1000 times

equipment model stl20 stl30 stl60 stl80 stl100
proction capacity t / h 0.25-0.30 2-3 10-15 35-40 80-120
feed particle size mm 0-30-40-6 0-6
feed concentration% 0-50% 0-50% 0-50% 0-50% 0-50% 0-50% 0-50%
backwash water t / h 1.5-2 4 4 4 4 10-15 17-25 40-60

Concentrate output kg / time 2-3 10-20 30-40 60-70 70-80
motor power kw 0.75 2.25.5 11 18.5
cone speed 800 600 460 400 360
pressure water MPa 0.04 0.1 0.16 0.18 0.2
overall dimension mm 790 × seven hundred and eighty-five × 790 1180 × one thousand one hundred and forty × 1250 1970 × one thousand six hundred and seventy × 1750 2300 × one thousand and eight hundred × 2200 2400 × two thousand × 2300
equipment mass kg 145 400 1000 1500 2000
technical parameter table of stl80 water jacket centrifuge for Jiangxi Nielsen centrifuge gold mine

8.

1、 The gravity separation is based on the density difference between minerals, in a certain medium flow (usually water, heavy liquid or heavy suspension), with the help of fluid buoyancy, power or other mechanical force to loose, under the action of gravity (or centrifugal force) and viscous resistance, the mineral particles with different density (particle size) are transferred layer by layer, So as to achieve the separation of useful minerals and gangue mineral processing method. With gravity separation, the larger the density difference between useful minerals and gangues, the more favorable the separation, and the smaller the difference, the more difficult the separation. The reselection difficulty is expressed by e value, e = 0 δ 2－ ρ) / ( δ 1－ ρ) Where δ 1、 δ 2 is the density of light and heavy minerals, ρ Is the density of the medium. According to e value, the difficulty of gravity separation can be divided into five grades, as shown in table 2-1

Table 2-1 classification of gravity separation difficulty according to e value

The advantage of gravity separation is that it can process ores of various sizes at low cost. Handling coarse particles (e.g. & gt; 074 mm), medium (25-2 mm) and fine (2-0. 074 mm) ores, which have large processing capacity, low energy consumption and low cost, are adopted under possible conditions. 075 mm), but when other mineral processing methods are difficult to work, gravity separation is still available

in mineral processing proction, the application of gravity separation has the following aspects: 1. Under the conditions of coarse, medium and fine grains, part of the final tailings are selected in advance, so as to rece the ore quantity of fine grinding and deep separation and rece the proction cost; ② It is used to treat ores containing high density minerals, such as wolframite, cassiterite, rare metals (niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, etc.), precious metals, iron manganese ores, etc., and is also the main method for separating low density minerals such as coal; ③ Combined with other mineral processing methods, such as flotation and magnetic separation, to separate coarse and fine components or comprehensively recover useful components; ④ As a supplementary operation of other mineral processing processes, the associated heavy minerals or the main components are recovered. The application scope of gravity beneficiation is still expanding, and it is also widely used in instrial waste treatment and environmental engineering

Gravity separation is usually carried out in vertical gravity field, inclined gravity field and centrifugal force field

in vertical gravity field, the essence of gravity separation is the separation of mineral particles according to their density. As far as the separation process and principle are concerned, there are mainly two theoretical systems: one is the dynamic system, that is, the separation occurs according to the velocity difference or distance difference of mineral particles under the action of medium dynamics; The other is static system, that is, the mineral particle layer is stratified by the internal imbalance of the whole bed. Although the two theoretical systems have not yet been unified in terms of mathematical relations, they are not contradictory in terms of physical concepts, and they are related to each other, achieving a coherent understanding of the hierarchical process

In vertical flow, mineral particles are stratified according to the free settling velocity difference between light and heavy mineral particles. Free settlement is the independent settlement of a single particle in the medium space, which is only affected by gravity, buoyancy and viscous resistance

Under the condition of turbulent flow (i.e. Newtonian resistance) (re = 10 < sup > 3 < / sup > ~ 10 < sup > 5 < / sup >), the final settling velocity of spherical particles is as follows:

processing and development of non-metallic minerals

where: D is the diameter of spherical particles

δ——— Spherical particle density

ρ——— Medium density

in laminar flow (re & lt; 1) The final settling velocity of spherical particles is:

non-metallic mineral processing and development and utilization

and

respectively μ——— 1 pa · s

Therefore, the narrower the particle size of the selected minerals, the better the separation effect. When the density of the selected minerals meets the condition of equal gradient ratio, the particles are stratified according to the mineral density in the process of sedimentation, that is, the large density particles have a large settling velocity and reach the bottom preferentially; On the contrary, the small density ore particles are distributed in the upper layer, so as to achieve mineral stratification and separation

R.H. Monroe proposed that mineral particles should be stratified according to the velocity difference of interference settlement when the particle size ratio of upper and lower limits of feed is greater than the equal drop ratio of free settlement. Groups of particles and media form dispersed suspensions, which lead to the collision between particles and the increase of the average density of suspensions, and correspondingly rece the settling velocity of indivial particles

According to the density difference of mineral particle suspensions, the bed composed of mineral particle groups with different densities can be regarded as local heavy mineral suspensions and light mineral suspensions. Under the action of gravity, the static pressure of the suspensions is unbalanced. Under the action of dispersion medium, the suspension micro clusters dispersed by light and heavy minerals are concentrated respectively, resulting in the separation of light and heavy mineral suspensions Density stratification of heavy minerals

in the inclined turbulent flow field, the pulp flow film with weak turbulent flow is loosely suspended under the effect of turbulent diffusion, and under the effect of the gravity of mineral particles, it is distributed in multiple layers in the flow film, including deposition layer, rheological layer, suspension layer and dilution layer. See Figure 2-3. At the bottom of the slope, a certain thickness of laminar flow boundary layer is formed, and the particles move along the layer, which is called "rheological layer". Here, the mineral particles form a loose whole, and the minerals are stratified according to the density difference, with heavy minerals at the bottom and light minerals at the top. This layer is the most effective area for stratification according to specific gravity

The equipment of inclined flow separation mainly includes chute, spiral concentrator, cone concentrator and shaker

Fig. 2-3 structure diagram of weak turbulent pulp flow membrane

in the centrifugal force field, particles are stratified and separated according to density. The so-called mineral separation in the centrifugal force field is a method of separating mineral particles with different particle size or density by means of mechanical rotation generated by certain equipment and inertial centrifugal force generated by rotary flow. The final settling velocity of mineral particles is related to its mass and particle size. The rotary force field can not only realize the separation according to density, but also the classification according to particle size. When the rotating speed is appropriate, the heavy minerals will settle to the wall of the cylinder, and the small particles will be discharged with the suspension to realize the separation or classification

gravity separation equipment using centrifugal force field mainly includes centrifugal concentrator, hydrocyclone, rotary separator, etc

According to the nature of force field, gravity separation equipment mainly includes jig, shaker, spiral concentrator, centrifugal concentrator, hydrocyclone and dense medium cyclone. The scope of application of various gravity separation equipment is shown in table 2-2

Table 2-2 application scope of various gravity separation equipment. Jigging machine is the process equipment to realize jigging beneficiation. The characteristics of jigging beneficiation are: the beneficiated stone is continuously fed to the sieve plate of jigging chamber to form a thick material layer (or bed layer). The bed is lifted and loosened by the upward flow periodically through the sieve plate, and then the flow drops (or stops rising). In this process, the particles with different densities are relatively transferred, the heavy minerals enter the lower layer, the light minerals into the upper layer, and the concentrate and tailings are discharged respectively. The stratification process of ore particles in jigging is shown in Fig. 2-4

Fig. 2-4 stratification process of ore particles in jigging

jigs can be divided into piston jigs, diaphragm jigs, hydraulic agitation jigs, moving screen jigs and non piston jigs according to the way of pushing water flow (Fig. 2-5). The working principle of piston jig is shown in Fig. 2-6. The piston is easy to leak and the transmission efficiency is low; The mechanical transmission part of moving screen jig is complex; The water consumption of hydraulic agitation jig is too much. These three models are rarely used. Non piston jig is mainly used in large coal preparation plant. Now the diaphragm jig is widely used in mineral processing

Fig. 2-5 schematic diagram of the form of promoting water flow movement in the jig

Fig. 2-6 working principle diagram of piston jig

according to the position of the diaphragm, the diaphragm jig can be divided into three types: upper moving diaphragm side moving jig, lower moving conical diaphragm jig and side moving diaphragm jig

the side moving diaphragm jig is composed of frame, transmission mechanism (including diaphragm), jig chamber and angle cone bottom box. There are two jigging chambers in total. The feed material enters the second chamber after the first chamber separation. The water flow in each chamber is driven by the diaphragm on the side. The diaphragm is oval in shape and is connected with the machine body by the peripheral rubber to seal the water

The eccentric transmission mechanism above the diaphragm drives the diaphragm up and down through the rocker arm. The bottom of the diaphragm chamber is provided with a water supply pipe under the screen, and the water supply is controlled by the valve. It has the advantages of stable bed, good sorting effect and convenient maintenance; The disadvantages are large area and high power consumption. For roughing and cleaning operations, the suitable particle size is 0.1-2mm

the traditional jigs are mostly driven by circumference eccentricity, and their jigging pulsation curve is sinusoidal. The rising and falling speed of cone bucket are equal, and the rising and falling flow intensity are basically the same. The new sawtooth wave jig is improved from the transmission structure, so that the pulsation characteristic curve is sawtooth wave (i.e. differential jig curve), which can make the cone bucket rise rapidly and fall slowly, i.e. the pressure head is large and the suction head is slow. The first half of the pressure rise is accelerated, the second half of the pressure rise is decelerated, and the suction drop is uniform. This kind of curve is more in line with the rule of jigging bed stratification, which is helpful for bed loosening and ore particle stratification according to density, so that the heavy mineral particles in the fine-grained can be fully settled, and the make-up water under the screen can be greatly reced e to the rection of strong suction on the bed. The jig with differential curve can separate raw materials with wide particle size, strong separation ability and save water and electricity

Fig. 2-7 general structure diagram of shaker. All shakers are composed of bed surface, frame and transmission mechanism. Its structure is shown in Figure 2-7. The bed surface is trapezoidal, rhombic or rectangular, with a certain angle in the transverse direction. The feeding trough and water tank are arranged above the inclination. The bed strip is arranged along the longitudinal direction on the bed surface, and the height of the bed strip decreases from the driving end to the opposite side. The whole bed surface is supported by a frame, and a transmission device is installed at one end of the bed surface. The transmission device can make the bed surface move forward and have the characteristics of rapid return motion when approaching the end, that is, differential motion. The mineral particles are subjected to the following forces on the shaker surface: 1) the gravity of the mineral particles in the medium; ② Hydrodynamics of transverse flow and slurry flow; ③ Dynamic force of differential reciprocating motion of bed surface; ④ Friction on the bed surface. Under the action of these forces, the mineral particles in the bed strip gully are loosely stratified and transported and zoned. First of all, the mineral particles are loose under the action of pulsating water, the local pressure of heavy mineral particles is large, and the light mineral particles are squeezed into the lower layer. The smaller particles pass through the gap of coarse particles and enter into the lower part of the same density, that is segregation stratification. As a result of stratification, the fine-grained heavy minerals are at the bottom, the coarse-grained heavy minerals are at the top, and some fine-grained light minerals are mixed, and the coarse-grained light minerals are at the top. When the mineral particles are loose and stratified, they are also pushed by the washing action of transverse water flow and the longitudinal differential shaking of bed surface. In the longitudinal direction, the motion of particles changes from bed surface to acceleration