315 attacks on virtual currency in 2018

1.

Digital money is legal

digital currency itself is legal in China. Digital currency is defined as Internet goods in China, but the relevant supervision is still blank, and digital currency is still in the gray area in China. Well known digital currencies include bitcoin, Leyte coin, Ruitai coin, thousand gold card, dog coin, etc

however, there are also some non developers who use the cover of digital currency to carry out pyramid schemes, such as the Vicat scheme, treasure scheme, Porter scheme and so on

development materials:

digital currency is different from the virtual currency in the virtual world, because it can be used for real goods and services transactions, not limited to online games. The early digital currency (digital gold currency) is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold. Today's digital currency, such as bitcoin, lightcoin and ppcoin, is an electronic currency created, issued and circulated by check sum cryptography. It is characterized by the use of P2P peer-to-peer network technology to issue, manage and circulate currency. In theory, it avoids bureaucratic examination and approval, so that everyone has the right to issue currency

2.

Some virtual currencies are illegal in China. Chinese laws prohibit virtual currencies. The only legal currency in China is RMB. Since the people's Republic of China issued RMB, it has lasted 71 years. With the development of economic construction and the needs of people's life, it has graally improved and improved. So far, it has issued five sets of RMB, forming a multi variety and multi series monetary system of paper money and metal money, ordinary commemorative money and precious metal commemorative money

except for 1,2,5 fen coins, the first, second and third sets of RMB have been withdrawn from circulation, and the fourth set of RMB has been suspended from circulation since May 1, 2018 (except 1 jiao, 5 jiao notes and 5 jiao, 1 yuan coins). The current circulation of RMB is mainly the fifth set of RMB issued in 1999

< H2 > extended information

the people's Bank of China is scheled to issue the fifth set of RMB 50 yuan, 20 yuan, 10 yuan, 1 yuan banknotes and 1 yuan, 5 jiao, 1 jiao coins of the 2019 edition from August 30, 2019. The fifth set of RMB inherits the traditional experience of China's printing technology and draws lessons from the advanced technology of foreign banknote design, which has greatly improved its anti-counterfeiting performance and currency processing modernization

Chairman Mao Zedong's head portrait in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China is used on the front of each denomination currency, the famous Chinese flower pattern is used on the bottom, and the main scenery pattern on the back fully shows China's long history and magnificent mountains and rivers, and carries forward China's great national culture by selecting representative patterns with national characteristics

3.

According to the news on February 10, 2018, on September 4, 2017, seven ministries and commissions of the people's Republic of China issued the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, which regulates the issuance of tokens. In the notice, the nature of all kinds of tokens and "virtual currency" is clearly defined: it is not issued by the monetary authority, and it has no monetary attributes such as legal compensation and mandatory, It does not have the same legal status as currency and cannot and should not be used as currency in the market. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that all kinds of "virtual currency" still have a certain property value and are part of the property of the holder. So, how to identify the nature of the theft of such tokens

In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of "virtual token" holders, the author intends to discuss such issues through a relevant news report and relevant cases

stealing bitcoin

recently, a news report said that Haidian police in Beijing cracked a case of destroying computer information system. The suspect Zhong used his administrator's authority to modify the company's computer applications and steal 100 bitcoins. Before he could sell the stolen money, Zhong was arrested by the police. At present, Zhong was detained for the crime of destroying computer information system

it can be seen from the report that the police detained the perpetrator for stealing bitcoin on suspicion of damaging the computer information system. The crime of destroying the computer information system stipulated in Article 286 of the criminal law of our country refers to the act of deleting, modifying, adding or interfering with the functions of the computer information system in violation of the provisions of the state, resulting in the abnormal operation of the computer information system and serious consequences, or deleting, modifying or interfering with the data and application programs stored, processed or transmitted in the computer information system Modifying or adding operations with serious consequences, or deliberately making or spreading destructive programs such as computer viruses, which affect the normal operation of the computer system with serious consequences

In the author's opinion, this crime is one of the crimes of impairing social management order in Chapter 6 of the criminal law, that is, the legal interest protected by this crime is actually the public order of our society, not the property interests of the digital currency holders, which in fact denies the property value of digital currency, It is only protected as a data or system function in a computer system. The author thinks that there is some irrationality in this way

first of all, in the notice on the prevention of bitcoin risk issued in 2013, it is mentioned that bitcoin is not a real currency because it is not issued by the monetary authority and does not have such monetary attributes as legal compensation and compulsion. Bitcoin has four main characteristics: no centralized issuers, limited amount, no geographical restrictions and anonymity. Because it belongs to a specific virtual commodity in nature The notice also clearly mentioned that bitcoin does not have the same legal status as currency and should not be used as currency in the market. However, as a virtual commodity, the property value behind bitcoin cannot be ignored

Secondly, Article 127 of the general provisions of the civil law, which came into effect on October 1 last year, stipulates that if the law has provisions on the protection of data and network virtual property, such provisions shall prevail. Although only the protection of the network virtual property has made the principle provisions, but it can not be denied that this shows our country's attitude towards the protection of the network virtual property. Although there is no special law for the protection of data and network virtual property in China, from the perspective of the general provisions of civil law, it is predicted that there will be relevant legislation in the future

finally, from the relevant cases, we can also see the recognition of the property attribute of virtual currency such as bitcoin in China's judicial practice. In April and may 2013, Liu premeditated to set up a bitcoin trading platform, so he recruited Jin and Huang (both sentenced) to jointly set up a "bitcoin" trading platform. During this period, Liu, Huang, Jin, Jin and the defendant he, in addition to other acts of directly stealing customers' funds, also frequently cashed RMB by selling customers' bitcoins, and transferred 120 bitcoins from the website. Finally, the court convicted and punished the defendant for fraud, and the bitcoin transferred by the defendant was also included in the property loss of the victim. Therefore, from the judicial cases, we can also get the recognition of the property attributes of virtual currency such as bitcoin

based on the above reasons, the author thinks that it may be unreasonable to regulate the theft of virtual currency only as the crime of damaging computer information system. We should face up to the hidden property value and consider the application of the crime of infringing property in China's criminal law. Only in this way can we effectively protect the legitimate rights and property of digital currency holders in China

4. yes! All kinds of digital currencies on the market are essentially a game of playing drums and spreading money, plus a pyramid scheme! It's all scams carefully packaged by swindlers!

5.

With the development of digital economy, great changes have taken place in people's consumption patterns. The former means of cash payment are being replaced by various means of payment. Even when people go out, they seldom carry cash. In addition, with the intervention of bitcoin, lightcoin and other virtual currencies, the virtual currency with blockchain as the underlying technology is graally moving towards the vision of ordinary people

In addition, fan Yifei said that changes in the traditional business environment have led to various challenges in the work of money and gold, and new changes in the issuance and circulation of RMB. In this regard, the central bank needs to strengthen prevention and resolve the risks of money circulation

6.

On March 28, the central bank held a national teleconference on monetary gold and silver work in 2018. Fan Yifei, vice governor of the people's Bank of China, pointed out that we should further strengthen reform and innovation and solidly promote the research and development of digital currency of the people's Bank of China. We should strictly strengthen internal management and external supervision, attach great importance to and effectively strengthen the quality control of RMB, carry out large amount cash management, build a cash clearing enterprise supervision system in accordance with the law, carry out the rectification and clean-up of all kinds of virtual currencies, and strive to build a "five in one" anti-counterfeit currency working mechanism

from the perspective of global digital currency regulatory practice, China has adopted a more stringent regulatory approach, but it does not mean that China can stay out of the global financial innovation wave. In the future, China should actively participate in the global governance of digital currency and enhance its influence and voice in the development of digital currency and regulatory rules

7. At present, in addition to bitcoin, most of the other virtual currencies are not used in the market. They are pure speculation, and the price is not as stable as stocks. Moreover, some virtual currencies are not open source, which is pyramid schemes
mining requires a lot of graphics cards and consumes a lot of power resources. The bitcoin pool itself is nearly exhausted, and other coins have no mining value. It is likely that the coins g out will not sell a single electricity bill, resulting in a lot of waste of resources
finally, virtual currency trading is prohibited in China, so the risk of hyping virtual currency is too high, so it is normal for mining to be included in the eliminated instry

8. 232 can dig secret silver and real silver to improve skills. It's good to go to desolation. There are also many secret silver in the cave near the drop hammer, and there are also secret silver in the snowman cave of Filas. It's not a big problem to practice until 245, and then you can dig Silver.
I don't know much about it later, I'm only 246

9. There are three reasons for the inaccuracy of mechanical watch
1. Watch magnetization: too much contact with objects with magnetic field leads to the phenomenon of watch magnetization, resulting in inaccurate watch travel time. After being magnetized, the watch may stop, slow or fast. After the watch is magnetized, its magnetism will not go away by itself. It needs degaussing repair to return to normal
2. Lack of maintenance: if the watch is lack of maintenance, it will lead to parts wear and grease dryness, affect the normal travel time of the watch, and make the watch fast and slow
3. Mechanical failure: watch hairspring failure, escapement system failure, parts sliding teeth and other mechanical failures may lead to watch fast and slow. The speed of mechanical watch may also be caused by severe impact and water entering. Generally speaking, the quartz watch is very accurate, and it is not easy to have the fault. In the case of adequate maintenance, it appears fast and slow, more than circuit board failure, or a part of poor contact.