How to identify the true and false virtual currency

1. Can issuing money as a kind of financial management.

2. In fact, there are many ways to identify this. If it is in the secondary trading market, then the mainstream currencies must belong to the real currency. Secondly, in the case of offline landing, because there are not many participants recently, the currency with small transaction volume is also real currency
the other is the private + raised currency which has not been listed in the secondary market and is currently in the ICO stage. This kind of identification will be difficult. First of all, you should be familiar with the white paper of the project. Secondly, let's see what the landing scene is like and what the later plan is.

3. Virtual currency is based on the virtual platform, so as long as the platform can confirm that the currency is real, the platform depends on the website, and as long as the website is identified, the platform can't be wrong

4. For example,
the front of a 100 real note:
1. In the figure under the 100 character in the upper right corner, the 100 character can be seen in the side light
2. Chairman Mao's collar is concave and convex
3. There is a word "100" on the right of 100 in the lower left corner
4. When the two sides are connected into a cylinder, the pattern can match
5. Red marks can appear on the wall< On the back:
1, 2005, there are four rows of microfigures under the number and seal The magnifier can see RMB 100)
2
Other:
watermark avatar
with the help of professional banknote detector, the golden 100 words can be seen on the front.

5. As a practitioner of blockchain digital currency, I have recently seen countless people buy counterfeit currency or air currency. The true and false of digital currency is mainly to see more and learn more about the digital currency market before buying again, so it is not so easy to be deceived. The identification of air currency must depend on whether the project has landing scenes and how the future development space of landing scenes is. When to go to the secondary market and so on. Don't blindly follow the trend of digital currency investment!

6. At this time, there are still people playing Shanzhai coin. They are full of energy and money.

7. Ancient coins (hard currency), that is, metal coins. It has been thousands of years in China to make currency with metal. The earliest metal coin is Baode copper shell of Shang Dynasty, which is more than 3000 years ago. Because the metal coin has the advantages of convenient use, wear resistance, long circulation life and so on. In addition to its own monetary function, it also has a very high art appreciation and collection function
method 1
look at the color. The real coin is nickel white, while the fake coin is also plated with nickel, but its nickel coating is thin, easy to rust and corrosion, and not wear-resistant. In addition, the material is different, so the color is dark and the difference is detailed; It is impossible for a real coin to rust. Once a rusty coin is found, it is likely to be a fake coin
look at the pattern. Generally speaking, the patterns of fake coins are rough and fuzzy. For example, the ears of wheat in the national emblem are fuzzy, the ribbon has poor sense of hierarchy, and the fine stripes are indistinguishable; The three-dimensional sense of Pentagram is also poor, not only the angle of Pentagram is long and short, but also the top is smooth; The strokes of Chinese characters and Pinyin letters on the front are thick, and the veins and stamens on the leaf petals of peony flowers on the back are blurred, etc
look at the picture and text center line. The picture and text center lines of one yuan real coins are facing each other; On the other hand, the false coins are often asymmetric; In addition, the thickness is uneven and the weight is relatively light; If you tap it, the sound is different from the real coin; What's more, the outline of a fake coin is slightly larger than that of a real coin. If you compare it with a real coin, you will have an obvious feeling
how to identify the real and fake coins
method 2
"touch": the pattern of the fake coins is often fuzzier than that of the real coins, and not as smooth as that of the real coins, especially the Chinese characters and pinyin on the back. The strokes of several fonts and Pinyin of the fake coins "people's Republic of China" are relatively rough, while the real coins are more delicate and delicate
"look": the national emblem of real coins and the word "one" are right, while many fake coins are crooked
"looking for": for coins after 2000, there are three letters of "RMB" on the side. Those who can't find these letters must be counterfeit coins
the difference between real coins and fake coins
first of all, if you touch a real coin with your hand, it will feel concave and convex, but if the edge of the coin is too smooth, it will be a fake coin
the second is to use the eyes. Generally speaking, fake coins have obvious rust or fuzzy patterns
in addition, if the above method is still unable to identify, you can go to the bank to use the instrument for identification. There is no basis for distinguishing the true from the false by the sound
then, how to distinguish between real and fake coins? Experts say there are two kinds of counterfeit coins: Casting and embossing. The key to identify forged coins is to look at them and listen to them
counterfeit coins are thinner and lighter than real coins, and some counterfeit coins are about a quarter thinner than real coins
the appearance of real coins is very regular, and the edges of coins are smooth and flat, while the fake coins are often not very regular, and the thickness is uneven, especially some of the edges of coins have burrs or unsmooth lines, and some of them have straight lines of files
the real coin pattern is clear, delicate, tall and straight, rich in layers and strong in three-dimensional sense, while the false coin pattern is fuzzy, the fine stripes can not be distinguished clearly, the five pointed star in the national emblem has poor three-dimensional sense, the five pointed star has different lengths,
the top is smooth, the leaf vein on the back of peony petals is fuzzy, and the peony stamens are fuzzy
the real coins have soft metallic luster, while the fake coins have white and ll metallic luster. Although some of them have luster, their luster is divergent. Some of them are like frosted coins with sand holes, which can be seen at a glance with a magnifying glass.

8. When calculating one decimal subtraction, Xiao Mahu regarded 6 on the tenth place of the subtracted as 9 and 3 on the hundredth place of the subtracted as 5. The calculation result is 10.38. What is the correct calculation result
subtracted - subtracted = difference
take 6 as 9, less 0.9-0.6 = 0.3
take 3 as 5, less 0.5-0.3 = 0.2
10.38 + 0.3 + 0.2 = 10.88
the correct result is 10.88

9. On the identification of coins

the first problem is the authenticity of a coin after it is obtained. Now there are many books about the identification of coins, mostly talking about the methods and Countermeasures of counterfeiting, but there are many identification methods with the improvement of counterfeiting technology have no great significance or function

the basic methods and principles of identifying ancient coins are as follows: first, we should master the characteristics of the times and indivial characteristics of coins of each era. Ancient coins all reflect the characteristics of the times of coin making, and at the same time, ancient coins also have their indivial characteristics. By mastering these characteristics, we can know what kind of coins they are, and distinguish real money from fake money according to these characteristics. The characteristics of ancient coins include the characters and the shape. The characters are the characters cast on the ancient coins, and the shape refers to the shape structure, casting technology and material composition of the ancient coins. It is the basic method to identify the authenticity and value of each era and each kind of ancient coin to understand these characteristics and indivial characteristics of each era and each kind of currency. If we find a coin which is very different from its characteristics of the times and indivial characteristics, we should pay special attention to its authenticity, and then use other methods to identify it. Second. Use scientific methods to distinguish the fake rust and color of fake money. In the identification of ancient coins, it is very important to distinguish the true and false of copper rust and copper color, because it is difficult to judge the authenticity of some counterfeit coins from the shape of characters, and the method of identifying the rust color is simple. Third, be familiar with the basic characteristics of counterfeit money. To identify counterfeit money, we should not only understand the basic characteristics of the times and indivial characteristics of real money in each era, but also understand the basic characteristics of counterfeit money. The surface of the altered counterfeit money is uneven, the color of the front and back of the assembled counterfeit money is different, there are always traces around the chiseled words, and the coins made by the sanding method are slightly smaller and thinner than the real money, etc. Fourth, to master the knowledge related to the identification of ancient coins, we should understand the relevant monetary theory, extensive historical knowledge, common sense of casting ancient coins, the ancient philology of "planting spectrum and lying record" and the knowledge of ancient rules and regulations of past dynasties. It is very necessary to identify ancient coins. Fifthly, we need to understand the coinage of Korea, Vietnam, Japan and other neighboring countries. These countries have all passed through our country's coinage, and also imitated many Chinese coins. We should master the characteristics of their coins and avoid confusion with Chinese coins

the previous identification of coins mainly used six characters, namely, character, quality, sound, color, spirit and taste. In Chinese, it refers to the characters and patterns, breath and style; in quality, it refers to the shape, technology and material composition of coins; in sound, it refers to the sound of coins; in color, it refers to the rust color and slurry; in spirit, it refers to the charm of coins; in taste, it refers to the smell of coins

the flavor and style of words and patterns refer to whether the words and patterns of coins are fluent and comfortable, whether the words and patterns are elegant or clumsy, and whether they conform to the characteristics of the times. It can be said that the style of characters (patterns) is a difficult point in coin identification, because everyone's views on appreciation are different, and the conclusion of a controversial coin may be quite different. However, in large aspects, we can basically reach a consensus. For example, in the pre Qin period, the Warring States period and the Qin Dynasty, the characters of coins were carved on the mold by craftsmen with knives, because there was no certain type of font, Therefore, there are many editions, basically not the same. Although the characters are created by craftsmen, they have no craftsmanship. They are smooth, natural and vivid, and have their own taste. Among them, there are also model Mint makers, with powerful and strong fonts. In the Han Dynasty, the five baht editions were complicated and the writing styles were different, which could not be distinguished by Fang family. Zhang's level was limited and he did not dare to talk nonsense. In Han Dynasty, Wang Mang, an expert in making money, was famous for his fluent and elegant font, well-balanced layout, and six springs and ten cloth. There are also goods cloth and goods spring. The font is made of hanging needle seal, and most of them are exquisitely made. During the Three Kingdoms, Jin Dynasty, southern and Northern Dynasties, e to continuous wars, the coins were relatively poor. Generally speaking, the characters of the coins in the Three Kingdoms, Cao Wei Dynasty were relatively free and fluent; Sun Wu's currency writing is more flexible and bold; The coins of the two Jin dynasties have different writing styles e to the different casting places. They are rich in goods, vigorous and dignified in the Han Dynasty, bold and unrestrained and natural in the great Xia Dynasty, open and close in a certain degree, and cool new springs with a certain degree of density. In the northern and Southern Dynasties, there are elegant Xiaojian Sizhu and Yongguang, dignified wuzhu (Chen), taihuoliuzhu and so on The five elements Dabu, buquan, Changping wuzhu, Xiaojian, Yongguang and so on compete with each other, each with its own characteristics. Tong Bao of Tang Kaiyuan was written by Ouyang Xun according to the records of food and goods in the old book of Tang Dynasty. Its characters contain eight points and its official style is strict and dignified. This style runs through the whole Tang Dynasty. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Han Yuan, Yongping, Tongzheng, Tianhan, Guangtian, Qiande, Xiankang, Kaiyuan (Wang shenzhu) Yonglong and others, such as Zhou Yuan, inherited the calligraphy style of the Tang Dynasty, I'm sorry. Since the Song Dynasty, every emperor has cast a year's money every time he changes the yuan. The money is rich and varied, elegant or vulgar, clumsy or skillful, with rigorous writing and excellent structure. Personally, from the overall level, it is the peak of the development of Qian calligraphy in China. After the Song Dynasty, the overall level of Qian calligraphy began to decline, and there was a revival in the Jin Dynasty, represented by Taihe Fuchang. In the Yuan Dynasty, some of the regular script were graceful and generous, but the overall level was not high, showing a downward trend. Except Xianfeng, there were few excellent works in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Xianfeng coin is the last revival of Qian calligraphy in ancient Chinese coinage. Each bureau's Qian calligraphy is presented in different colors, such as a lady from a big family or a jasper from a small family

pattern identification is mainly used in spending money. The spending money patterns of each era have their own characteristics of the times, which is not the focus of this paper, so I won't talk more about it here

to use coin characters (patterns) to identify coins, you should not only be familiar with the writing style of the same period, but also have certain calligraphy skills or calligraphy appreciation ability. This may be a bit demanding for beginners, but you can rest assured that you can read more, think more, and guess more. As time goes on, you can be confident

note: the following articles about the identification of coins by means of rusty coated slurry are excerpted from Mr. Zheng Jiaxiang's works. At present, many coins in the market are mostly copied from Mr. Zheng Jiaxiang's works, and Zhang also borrowed them. Because there are many changes in the methods of counterfeiting, some of them are not suitable. Zhang boldly added some of his own ideas in the middle

after a hundred years of underground corrosion, some of the unearthed ancient coins are covered with emerald green, some are red, green, yellow and white, and are mottled, which is called "shengkengshu" in the field of coins. The ancient coins handed down from generation to generation, e to long-term appreciation, sweat and oil into the surface, and the body is yellowish brown or brown. In order to obtain the surface effect of "shengkeng" and "handed down from generation to generation", the counterfeiters used the color of the counterfeit money. The common methods are as follows:
1. Green. There are five ways to forge the green rust:
(1) after two or three years of burying the forged money in the soil and taking it out, it will be covered with green rust Zhang San Shao note: there are some high-end fakes that have been in the soil for more than two or three years. Maybe they have been in the soil for about ten years, and then they are added with acid. Now they are covered with hard green rust, which has great lethality. Yiquan and I once paid tuition fees before. The rust of this kind of money is not seamless. The color of green rust is tender and floating.)
(2) the forged coins are dipped in hydrochloric acid or acetic acid and then buried in the soil. After a year and a half, they are taken out and covered with green rust. The fake money soaked in hydrochloric acid and peracetic acid can also rust in dark and humid places. But this kind of green rust is on the floating surface and can't penetrate into the bone. The green rust of real money is brittle and easy to fall off, and can't proce hard green. It can only become localized green, so hard green rust can't be forged Zhang San Shao note: this method is currently the most commonly used method of counterfeiting shengkeng money in the city. It is a low-grade counterfeit. With a little attention, you can distinguish it. In addition, now hard green rust can also be made)
(3) use glue to mix with green powder, apply it on the money, then add mud and water, and wait for drying, then it becomes earthy green rust. This kind of fake money is most afraid of boiling, because once boiled, the rust will fall off completely Zhang sanshao's note: it is no longer meaningful to use boiling water to identify fake rust. With the development of science and technology, there are many glues that are not afraid of boiling water)
(4) using rosin mixed with green powder and smeared on fake money, it becomes a kind of hard green embroidery, which is hard to identify at first sight, such as rubbing it with hot hands or soaking it in hot water, and smelling rosin with nose, You can tell if it's a forgery (5) after a year and a half, the enamel is dry and hard, like hard green embroidery, but its color is not as natural as hard green unearthed, and it is easy to peel off (2) there are four ways to forge red rust on ancient coins unearthed in red color:
(1) burn the forged coins to make them transparent, immerse them in cold water, and then bring red rust on them; It is then dipped in hydrochloric acid or acetic acid and buried in the soil. After a year and a half, it is red and green and rusty. It looks like ancient coins have been unearthed. However, this method can only be used for copper coins. If the copper coins of Ming and Qing Dynasties are forged by fire, they can not turn red
(2) red powder mixed with glue can also proce red green rust color according to the above method, but its weakness is the same as that of forged green rust
(3) if red and green are mixed with rosin and applied on the counterfeit money, it will become red and green rust, and its weakness is the same as that mentioned above
(4) red and green rust can be formed by mixing red and green enamel on the counterfeit money. Its weakness is the same as the above Zhang San Shao note: Nowadays, the first method is often used to make red rust, or resin, paint, etc. are applied on the money, and most of them are made into semi handed down antiques)

in short, red can not be independent, it must be combined with green or blue or handed down antiques

3. Blue rust. The colors of the unearthed coins are red, green and blue. The counterfeiters only use glue, rosin and enamel to make them, but few of them make them Zhang sanshao's note: judging from the counterfeit money I have seen at present, there are not many counterfeit money made in red, green and blue colors.

4. Handed down from ancient times, some of the ancient money has been handed down through the ages and has not been buried in the earth, so most of the round money has no red and green rust, only has a kind of black brown on the surface of the money, which is called handed down from ancient times. Some of them were buried in the soil, but after a long time of friction, most of the red and green rust fell off, and only a few of them remained green or red. The amount of rust left is compared with the time of playing and pit type. If the time of playing is short, the rust will be left