Icons of various virtual currencies
IPO is the initial public offering of a company. After IPO, the company can go to the securities exchange market for listing. Of course, there are various regulatory enforcement before and after the IPO, and the whole process is completed in reality
the difference of ICO is that the public offering party can be an indivial, a company, a community, or an institution. After the offering, it is listed and traded on the online virtual currency trading platform, such as smart star Witkey, XX eight, XX one proct, etc. the whole process is completed on the Internet
virtual currencies, such as bitcoin and Ethereum, have become fixed currency in circulation on the Internet, such as the US dollar in the real world. Most of the ICO process is not the project party selling its own equity, it should be said that it is the right to use, that is, the expected qualification of the future value of the proct
resources ICO internet post bar
unlike all currencies, bitcoin is not issued by a specific monetary institution. It is generated by calculation based on a specific algorithm
bitcoin economy uses a distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions
the total number of bitcoins is limited
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RMB: &
US dollar: $
Euro: &
Brazilian real: R $
Bulgarian Lev symbol: лв
British Pound: £
Singapore Dollar: S $
Japanese Yen: J ¥
Argentine Peso: ARS $
Vietnamese Dong: &
¤( Li Yuan (big Li TianChao international currency, sub currency 100 Li Fen (cent) = 1 Li Yuan, international currency rate is 70% of the U.S. dollar)
& #3647; Thai baht symbol
BS Venezuela Bolivar and boliviano symbol
br Belarusian ruble, Belarusian currency symbol
&8373; Ghana CEDI, the currency symbol of Ghana; The symbol of the U.S. dollar and some other monetary auxiliary units is
& ᦇ 8353; Koran symbol (used in Costa Rica and El Salvador)
& #8363; Vietnamese Dong symbol
& #8364; The symbol of euro is used in euro area countries, some small non European countries, Montenegro and Kosovo
ƒ Aruba florin, the currency symbol of Aruba. It was also used as a symbol for the Dutch shield
ft Hungarian Forint
rs; Guarani, Paraguay, the currency symbol of Paraguay; The currency symbol of Laos, kip, Kr, can represent Danish krona, Norwegian krona, Swedish Krona and Icelandic krona; It can be divided into three parts: 1; Lira (possibly confused with pound)
LM Maltese lira, currency symbol of the Republic of Malta; Text (meaning one thousandth of a dollar or one tenth of a dollar)
& T; 8358; Nigerian naira, the currency symbol of Nigeria; Philippines pesos, Philippines's currency symbol
P Botswana PRA, Botswana's currency symbol
Q Guatemala char, Guatemala's currency symbol
R, South African rand, South Africa's currency symbol
Sk Slovakia kronor, Slovakia's currency symbol
Rp, Indonesian shield, Indonesia's monetary symbol
৲ 2547; Rupee symbol (used in Bangladesh)
R $real, Brazil's currency symbol
s /, Peru's new SOL $Dollar Symbol (used in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, etc; This symbol is also used by various pesos and former escudos of Portugal and Cape Verde. This symbol sometimes has two vertical lines)
"Kazakhstan tenge, Kazakhstan's currency symbol
&8366; Tugrik, the currency symbol of Mongolia; Currency symbol of Korean won / Korean won; Currency symbol of RMB
nt and currency symbol of NT
Z & #; Zloty, Poland, the currency symbol of Poland
& #8372; Hryvnia, the currency symbol of Ukraine; Israeli new Shek symbol
& #6107; The currency symbol of Cambodia is
& ᦇ 65020; Iranian Riyal, Iranian currency symbol
руб Russian Ruble; Euro currency symbol
$dollar currency symbol
network virtual currency can be roughly divided into
the first category is familiar game currency. In the era of stand-alone games, the protagonist accumulates money by knocking down the enemy, entering the gambling house to win money, and using these to buy Herbs and equipment, but it can only be used in his own game console. At that time, there was no "market" between players. Since the establishment of Internet portal and community, the realization of game networking, virtual currency has a "financial market", players can trade game currency
the second type is the special currency issued by the portal website or instant messaging service provider, which is used to purchase the services in the website. The most widely used is Tencent's q-coin, which can be used to purchase membership, QQ show and other value-added services
the third kind of virtual currency on the Internet, such as bitcoin (BTC), Fuyuan coin (FTC), Wright currency (LTC), etc. bitcoin is an electronic currency proced by open-source P2P software. Some people also translate bitcoin as "bitcoin", which is a kind of network virtual currency. It is mainly used for Internet financial investment, and can also be directly used in daily life as a new currency.
(1) virtual currency based on entity
since ancient times, all "money" made of paper is called paper currency, and all countries in the world are actually paper currency. In Marx's time, paper money was only a symbol of metal money. The actual gold content of paper money was equal to the nominal gold content. When the nominal gold content was greater than the actual gold content, the price index of metal money would increase because of too many paper money. When it exceeded a certain limit, inflation would occur. Marx called these over issued bank notes without gold as guarantee virtual currency. In Keynesian era, paper money was the symbol of GDP. He defined the issue of paper money caused by making up the fiscal deficit as deficit money, and believed that the issue of paper deficit money could promote the development of proction to a certain extent, but only cause half inflation. Zhang chunjia's research in "Introction to virtual currency" also proves that paper money without precious metal and GDP guarantee will cause price rise, and this kind of money is called virtual currency
(2) virtual currency based on virtual
virtual currency is a new type of currency emerging at a certain stage of network social and economic development to meet the security and convenience needs of users. It represents the development direction of future currency existence form. It comes from the Internet, and acts as a general equivalent in the network society completely or partially. Virtual currency is a real currency with the basic attributes of currency, but it is virtual and depends on the network virtual environment. Virtual currency is born without borders, which makes it more liquid than traditional currency in the world. Virtual world corresponds to the real world. Through the exchange relationship between virtual currency and traditional currency, under certain conditions, specific virtual currency can buy physical goods, and traditional currency can also buy specific virtual goods< Second, the characteristics of virtual currency
1. Value: users get utility value by consuming the procts and services provided by operators. Virtual currency has value by providing exchange to meet the utility of consumers. The quantity of virtual currency measures the value of general goods. The issue essence of virtual currency is credit issue, which is the creditor's right of the holder to the issuer. To a certain extent, the value of this kind of claim is the right of claim
2. Virtual environment dependence. The existence of virtual currency is based on the virtual economic environment provided by the issuers and the sustainable operation of the issuers themselves. Otherwise, virtual currency has no significance.
3. Short sighted currency. As the highest price in the process of commodity exchange, the form of currency value can be regarded as the real currency. Because of the limitation of circulation scope, virtual currency can not be used as the general equivalent of all commodities; But in a certain range, it has the function of monetary value scale and circulation means. Therefore, it can be considered that virtual currency is similar to the form of money value, and it is a primary form of money, which is similar to money< The issue and circulation of virtual money is limited, but it will enlarge the money supply through the money multiplier effect, and affect the difficulty and accuracy of macroeconomic regulation and control. The issuers of virtual money need to report their circulation and circulation to the central bank, and obey the unified management of the central bank at any time
5. Virtual currency, which is issued by non-financial entities outside the financial system, aims to obtain business opportunities and competitive advantages. It is a market behavior and will inevitably lead to competition among issuers. This kind of competition will proce unfair competition behavior or obtain competitive advantage through rent-seeking, which determines the need to regulate the market behavior of the market subject according to the laws and regulations
6. Virtuality: as a kind of approximate currency, virtual currency is virtual existence if it only exists in the virtual world and can purchase the virtual property in it; If it is linked with sovereign currency, it can exist in the real world and purchase real assets, then it is a virtual thing of sovereign currency. Virtual currency is actually a series of data files existing in the computer system. It has the meaning of virtual currency only after the issuers explain the system. Therefore, the existence form of virtual currency is virtual< In general, virtual currency can purchase the procts and services provided by the issuers, and it can also be exchanged with the issuers outside the scope of issuance at a certain rate to purchase the procts of the alliance. For procts outside the alliance, virtual currency has no value significance; Similarly, when virtual currency is only authorized to buy different procts in different sales cycles, the use of virtual currency has limited application in time and scope, unlike sovereign currency, which can be completely freely exchanged
8. Separability: virtual currency has no physical form and is a digital storage information. Unlike traditional paper currency, it needs to consider the balance relationship between the circulation of main currency and subsidiary currency and the proportion of various currency values. It can be split infinitely. For example, although the total number of dark coins is only 2300, each bitcoin can be split into eight directions of ten< Although virtual currency exists in the virtual world, the process of new technological revolution has closely linked the virtual world with reality, and the virtual world has become an important part of people's spiritual life. It can promote the development of real economy, for example, a large number of entertainment application projects provide people with rich spiritual wealth and real wealth, and more and more people invest in virtual currency, which represents a trend, and the more successful ones are bitcoin, Leyte coin and the new domestic King coin; On the contrary, money laundering, gambling and network theft in the virtual world will have a negative effect on the real economy.
there are two main reasons why user experience optimization is listed separately. First, LBTC wants to build an excellent peer-to-peer e-cash system. Its basic idea is to put payment experience and user first, so it puts it at a high level, such as cross platform light wallet, accelerating payment confirmation speed, optimizing irreversible block mechanism, etc. Second, LBTC has always emphasized superior chain governance system. Before that, there was a standardized SGS (spark governance system) governance system, but it still needs to constantly improve the relevant mechanisms. For example, we should greatly optimize the node parameters and election mechanism, establish the LBTC foundation, multi-channel proposal process, and light wallet's support for the governance function on the chain.
1.¥ RMB symbol< br />2.฿ Baht logo (used in Thailand). Sub logo (broken down by US dollar, euro and other currencies)< br />3.₡ Col3on logo (used in Costa Rica and El Salvador)< br />4.₠ ECU logo (not widely used, and history; Replaced by Europe)< br />5.₢ Cruzeiro logo (previously used in Brazil)< br />6.€ Euro logo< br />7.₩ Korean won and Korean won marks
8. $dollar mark (and used for many other currencies in America, such as different pesos, and formerly for Portugal Escudo as cifr6ao)< br />9.₯ The drachma symbol (formerly used in Greece)< br />10.₫ Oong logo (used in Vietnam)
11. The currency symbol of Japanese yen