Payment characteristics of virtual currency

1.

digital currency is characterized by low transaction cost, fast transaction speed and high anonymity

1, low transaction cost

compared with traditional bank transfer, remittance and other ways, digital currency transaction does not need to pay fees to the third party, and its transaction cost is lower, especially compared with the cross-border payment that provides high handling charges to payment service providers

2. Fast transaction speed

the blockchain technology used in digital currency has the characteristics of decentralization. It does not need any centralized organization similar to the clearing center to process data, and the transaction processing speed is faster

3. High anonymity

in addition to the point-to-point transaction without intermediary participation, one of the advantages of digital currency compared with other electronic payment methods is that it supports remote point-to-point payment, and it does not need any trusted third party as intermediary, Both sides of the transaction can complete the transaction in a completely unfamiliar situation without mutual trust, so they have higher anonymity, which can protect the privacy of traders. But at the same time, it also creates convenience for cyber crime, which is easy to be used by money laundering and other criminal activities

extended data

the impact of digital currency:

digital currency is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the blockchain Technology it relies on realizes decentralization and can be used in other fields except digital currency, which is one of the reasons why bitcoin is popular

On the other hand, if digital currency is widely used by the public as a kind of currency, it will have a huge impact on the effectiveness of monetary policy, financial infrastructure, financial market and financial stability

2. First, digital currency is anonymous. Second, digital currency is programmable currency. Third, digital currency is cryptocurrency. Fourth, digital currency is algorithmic currency. Fifth, digital currency is autonomous currency. Sixth, the operation of digital currency is based on distributed network.

3. Virtual money has the mathematical characteristics of money (persistence, portability, interchangeability, scarcity, separability and identifiability) rather than relying on physical characteristics (such as gold and silver) or the trust of the central authority (such as fiat money). In short, virtual money is supported by mathematics. With these characteristics, a form of money to have value requires trust and use. For virtual currency, this can be reflected in its growing base of users, businesses and start-ups. Like all currencies, the value of virtual currency comes directly from people who are willing to accept it as a way of payment, which is also the only source

at present, the well-known virtual currencies are bitcoin, Laite coin, Fuyuan coin and doggy coin.

4.

The differences between e-money and virtual money are as follows:

1. Electronic money refers to using a certain amount of cash or deposit to exchange from the issuer and obtain data representing the same amount, or through the quick payment service launched by the bank and the third party to transfer the balance in the bank through some electronic ways, so that transactions can be carried out. Strictly speaking, it is a kind of currency that consumers use the bank's Internet banking service to store value and make quick payment to the issuers of electronic currency, and make consumers trade electronically through media (two-dimensional code or hardware equipment)

Virtual currency refers to non real currency. Well known virtual currencies, such as online currency of Internet company, q-coin of Tencent company, q-point and voucher of Shanda company, micro currency launched by Sina (used for micro games, Sina reading, etc.), chivalrous Yuanbao (used for chivalrous road game), silver grain (used for bixue Qingtian game), and popular digital currencies in 2013 include bitcoin, Laite coin, infinite coin, quark coin, zeta coin, etc Barbecue coins, pennies (Internet), invisible gold bars, red coins, prime coins. At present, hundreds of digital currencies are issued all over the world. Popular in the circle & quot; The legend of "bitcoin, Wright silver, infinite copper, pennies aluminum"

The detailed explanation of electronic currency is as follows:

1. Concept: it is an encrypted serial number representing cash, which can be used to represent the currency value of various amounts in reality. With the transformation from paper-based economy to digital economy, e-cash will become the mainstream

2. Features: anonymity, transaction cost saving, transmission cost saving, low holding risk, flexible and convenient payment, anti-counterfeiting and anti repetition, non traceability

There are two kinds of e-cash: one is based on the Internet and keeps the binary data representing the value of money in the hard disk of the computer terminal; One is the electronic wallet that keeps the monetary value in the IC card and can be circulated without the bank payment system

4. Definition: consumers pay traditional money to the issuers of electronic money, and the issuers store the equal value of traditional money in the electronic devices held by consumers in electronic form

5. As an almost perfect monetary system, bitcoin has five characteristics different from traditional currency
first, decentralization. Bitcoin is a point-to-point, decentralized digital currency. It does not rely on specific institutions to issue, does not need any government and institutions to carry out credit endorsement, and uses cryptography design to ensure the security of each link< Second, anonymity. You can send and receive bitcoin without providing any personal identity information< Third, scarcity. The total number of bitcoins is limited to 21 million and is expected to be issued in 2140< Fourthly, the transfer cost is low. With bitcoin transfer, no matter how much the amount is, you only need to pay a very low fee. The transfer fee can be set freely. At present, it is recommended to pay 0.0005 bitcoin fee for each transfer< 5. Convenient global circulation. In any country, any intelligent terminal connected to the Internet can carry out bitcoin transfer and transaction
I hope I can help you! Hope to adopt!

6. At the moment, there is a big difference. I feel that the most common point is that all of them can be used for payment. For example, Dell accepts bitcoin payment to buy computers. Or you can ask Babbitt, where there are more cattle.

7.

Money has the following basic characteristics:

1. The central bank's monetary liabilities, rather than the assets or non monetary liabilities of the central bank, are supplied by the central bank through its own asset business

2. Through the influence of variables directly controlled and regulated by the central bank, the purpose of regulating and controlling the supply is achieved

3. Commercial banks can not create credit if they do not hold the base currency

Under the reserve system, the amount of base money used by the whole banking system can be several times more than its own. From the source, the base money is supplied by the central bank through its asset business

extended data:

the regulatory role of money

1. Maintain the balance between social aggregate supply and aggregate demand by regulating the total amount of money supply

2. Control inflation by regulating interest rate and total amount of money to maintain the stability of the overall price level

3. Adjust the proportion of consumption and savings in national income

4 Guide the transformation from savings to investment and realize the rational allocation of resources

8.

The essence of money is the general equivalent. In the process of the continuous development and evolution of human history, it has gone through the stage of physical money, the stage of substitute money, and then entered the stage of credit money. In primitive society, people exchanged livestock, salt, shells and other hard to get goods as general equivalents

in the long history, the emergence of metal currency makes the economic life achieve unprecedented prosperity. However, e to the inconvenience of carrying metal money, paper money became the mainstream form of money. With the rapid development of modern information technology, e-money has come into our life

if the evolution process from physical money to value symbol paper money is the first qualitative leap in the history of money development, then the evolution process from paper money to electronic money is the second qualitative leap in the history of money development

from the perspective of money form, physical money itself is a commodity in addition to performing monetary functions; Paper money is a symbolic tool of value for commodity exchange and a credit currency; Electronic currency is the proct of highly developed Internet economy and continuous progress of bank payment and settlement technology. It not only has the function of traditional currency, but also can continuously improve digital currency

At the same time, the virtual money market based on electronic information is also booming. By the end of 2014, the number of Internet users in China had reached 632 million, including 517 million registered users in the online game market and 114.48 billion yuan of sales revenue, an actual increase of 37.7% over the previous year

a huge virtual space based on the Internet has been formally formed. As a kind of virtual currency with intrinsic value, convenient online trading behavior, low transaction cost, and service providers' issuance, it emerges as the times require

first of all, from the functional analysis. Virtual currency is a kind of transaction medium in the Internet virtual space, which has the function of value scale, but the value scale of virtual currency is different from that of legal currency

using virtual currency to purchase virtual procts and services can only be within the scope specified and allowed by the issuer of virtual currency (Internet operator), and the size of this scope depends on the number of virtual procts and services. If the virtual procts and services provided by the website are large enough, the scope of virtual currency will be large

the currency value of virtual currency depends on the pricing of virtual currency by issuers. When no currency can communicate between virtual cyberspace and reality, the pricing of procts and services is still based on real RMB. That is to say, when issuers of virtual currency price their own virtual currency, they should first convert the price of virtual currency based on RMB

9. The user of electronic currency exchanges and obtains the data representing the same amount from the issuer with certain cash and deposit, and stores it in the form of read-write electronic information. When the debt has to be paid off, the user can directly transfer the electronic data to the payment object through some electronic media and methods. This kind of electronic data is called electronic currency< As a proct of the combination of modern technology and modern financial business, e-money has the following outstanding characteristics:
1. E-money is a kind of virtual currency. It is a kind of invisible currency based on the highly developed bank electronic technology. It uses digital pulse instead of metal, paper and other carriers to transmit and display funds, and processes and stores them through chips. Therefore, it has no physical form, size, weight and imprint of traditional currency, and the holder can not get the actual feeling of holding
2. E-money is an online currency. Electronic money is usually transmitted on the private network and processed through POS and ATM. In other words, electronic money is a large amount of money circulating online through the network in addition to the existing banks, cheques and banknotes. The storage of electronic currency needs storage equipment, the exchange needs communication means, and the computer for encryption and decryption is needed to keep its security
3. Electronic currency is a kind of information currency. In the final analysis, e-money is nothing more than conceptual money information. It is actually a special information composed of a group of numbers including the user's identity, password, amount, scope of use, etc. When people use e-money transactions, they actually exchange relevant information. After the information is transmitted to the banks that set up this kind of business, the banks can settle the transactions for both sides, so that consumers and enterprises can receive and pay each other in a more economical, convenient and faster way than the real banking system< Generally speaking, e-money can be divided into the following two types:
1. Card based e-money system includes smart card and stored value card, both of which are plastic cards with purchasing power, in which the electronic value has been paid by the cardholder in advance“ "Kaki" procts are mainly micropayments designed for retail transactions, and show the potential to replace banknotes and coins in this field
2. Based on computer software procts, this kind of procts need to install special software on the computer, so that the electronic value can be transmitted through the telecommunication network. Software based systems mainly realize remote payment through computer network, and they have the strength to replace cash and other paperless payment tools to a certain extent
through the above analysis, we understand the basic concept, characteristics and classification of e-money. In addition, we know that e-money is the medium of e-payment. We can clearly see the role of e-money in the process of e-payment through figure 1.

10. What are the characteristics of money's means of payment:
first, money as a means of payment is different from storage money. The reason why currency in circulation turns into storage currency is that in the first stage of the commodity currency in circulation, currency withdraws from circulation; As a means of payment, money must enter the circulation process, only after the commodity has withdrawn from circulation< Second, the functions of money as a means of payment are different from those of circulation. Money, as a means of circulation, is the medium of circulation; Money, as a means of payment, is no longer the medium of circulation. On the contrary, "it ends the process independently as the absolute existence of exchange value or as a general commodity."
thirdly, the difference between money as a means of payment and other functions is also reflected in the different purposes of sale. Generally, the seller converts the goods into money for the purpose of purchasing the goods to meet his own needs; Money hoarders sell goods to obtain money in order to preserve their goods in the form of money; The debtor sells goods to get money in order to pay the debt when it is e. Although both money hoarder and debtor sell goods for money itself, the former is caused by greed for money, while the latter is caused by the relationship between creditor's rights and debt
fourthly, when money performs the function of means of payment, the general form of goods changes differently. Commodity does not complete the first form change first, that is, from commodity to currency, and then complete the second form change, that is, currency to commodity, but "complete the second form change of commodity first, and then complete the first form change of commodity." That is to say, although the seller sold the goods and transferred the use value, he did not get money, but got the right to ask for debt from the buyer according to the private law.