Market value management virtual currency
It is illegal to issue virtual currency privately
According to Article 29 of the regulations of the people's Republic of China on the administration of RMB, no unit or indivial is allowed to print or sell token tickets to replace RMB in circulation on the market In addition, the "emergency notice of the State Council Office for rectifying unhealthy tendencies in the instry, the State Economic and Trade Commission and the people's Bank of China on prohibiting the issuance and use of various token certificates (cards)" also strictly prohibited similar issues 
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virtual currency refers to non real currency. Well known virtual currencies, such as online currency of Internet company, q-coin of Tencent company, q-point and voucher of Shanda company, micro currency launched by Sina (used for micro games, Sina reading, etc.), chivalrous Yuanbao (used for chivalrous road game), silver grain (used for bixue Qingtian game), and popular digital currencies in 2013 include bitcoin, Laite coin, infinite coin, quark coin, zeta coin, etc Barbecue coins, pennies (Internet), invisible gold bars, red coins, prime coins. At present, hundreds of digital currencies are issued all over the world. Popular in the circle & quot; The legend of "bitcoin, Wright silver, infinite copper, pennies aluminum"
market formation
the Internet has led to the emergence of a new market, which is a virtual market based on cyberspace. The Internet provides a lot of communication places for consumers, and also provides business market for enterprises. Enterprises must change from proct centered to service centered to customer centered. With the development of computer artificial intelligence technology and database technology, enterprises can conveniently collect customers' information, understand customers' needs in time, change business strategies and grasp economic arteries in real time
With the rapid development of computer and network communication technology, the application of Internet technology has graally penetrated into various fields of human activities, and the unlimited business opportunities that it contains make businesses turn their eyes to e-commerce. E-commerce is penetrating into all aspects of social and economic life at a speed that people can hardly imaginethe traditional finance is also closely watching this irresistible trend of global economic integration and networking. As a result, value-added services take art as the selling point and can be regarded as commodities; The sword in the game is not a brand-new financial services business philosophy - e-finance came into being
from the historical development process, to understand e-finance, we must start from the electronic finance and e-commerce. The so-called e-financialization means that financial enterprises adopt modern communication, computer, network and other information technology means in addition to Internet technology to improve the work efficiency of traditional financial service business, rece operating costs, realize the automation of financial business processing, informatization of financial enterprise management and scientific decision-making, and provide customers with faster and more convenient services, And then enhance the financial enterprise is the behavior of market competitive advantage
e-finance is a transcendence of financial electronization. Different from the electronic finance, the main technical basis of e-finance operation is the increasingly perfect Internet technology. Due to the characteristics of global connectivity, openness, quickness and low marginal cost of Internet technology, e-finance strengthens the restructuring and innovation of financial services business based on Internet technology, so that customers are free from the restrictions of business hours and places, and enjoy all kinds of high-quality and low-cost services provided by financial enterprises anytime and anywhere
with the development of Internet, the form of money is becoming more virtual, and there is an electronic money that only exists in the form of electronic signal
reference source: Network: virtual currency
1、 Different definitions:
1. Virtual currency:
virtual currency refers to non real currency
digital currency:digital currency is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digiccy
3. Cryptocurrency:
cryptocurrency is a kind of transaction medium that uses cryptography principles to ensure transaction security and control the creation of transaction units
4. Token (token):
a kind of article whose shape and size are similar to currency, but the scope of use is limited and has no currency effect, and its token is the homonym of token in English
Second, the characteristics are different:1; It can also be said that virtual currency is personalized currency. In another way, it can also be called information currency
2. Digital currency:
is an unregulated and digital currency, which is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of specific virtual communities
Cryptocurrency:cryptocurrency is based on the decentralized consensus mechanism, which is opposite to the banking and financial system relying on the centralized regulatory system
4. Token (token):
usually needs to be exchanged for money, used in shops, playgrounds, mass transportation and other places, as a voucher to use services and exchange goods
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at present, digital currency is more like an investment proct, because it lacks a strong guarantee agency to maintain its price stability, and its role as a value measure has not yet appeared, so it can not be used as a means of payment. As an investment proct, digital currency cannot develop without trading platform, operating company and investment company
digital currency is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the blockchain technology it relies on has been decentralized and can be used in other fields except digital currency, which is one of the reasons why bitcoin is popular; On the other hand, if digital currency is widely used by the public as a kind of currency, it will have a huge impact on the effectiveness of monetary policy, financial infrastructure, financial market and financial stability
bitcoin (bitcoin)
as the wind vane of virtual currency, its position in the coin circle is recognized. It is no exaggeration to say that the rise and fall of bitcoin affect the nerves of investors. For example, in the virtual currency trading in the domain Kingdom, investors choose to be bullish or bearish, and they can make profits after maturity. Virtual currency is not only a currency, but also a symbol of virtual currency
Ethereum is regarded as the symbolic currency in the era of blockchain 2.0. The concept of public chain created by Ethereum is no less important than that of windows in the operating system, and its market value is second only to bitcoin. Ethernet currency is widely used in many cryptocurrency markets<
ripple
ripple is a kind of virtual currency. There are many old players who know ripple, but they are a little strange to novices. Since its founder Jed launched, reborn coin has many fans in China, and also has great influence in Europe, the United States and other regions
Factom
is one of the most popular cryptocurrency investment lists. Factom currently ranks 79 on the cryptocurrency list, with a market value of $60927718 and a current price of $6.48, which means that it is likely to become a top big currency in terms of market value
don't invest in counterfeit currencies that are hot and hot for huge profits. Only a good currency can really help investors achieve their profit goals.
at present, bitcoin has the largest market value and the highest acceptance. Bitcoin is a consensus network, contributing to a new payment system and a fully digital currency. It is the first decentralized peer-to-peer payment network, which is controlled by its users without a central management organization or middleman. From the user's point of view, bitcoin is much like Internet cash. Bitcoin can also be regarded as the most outstanding three style bookkeeping system
however, there are also many people carrying out pyramid schemes under the guise of bitcoin, such as the spark entertainment bitcoin and Porter coin scam that broke out in bitcoin house before.
Background: the financial application of blockchain technology brings high investment value
2018 China international big data instry Expo opened in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province on the 26th. At the meeting, it was pointed out that China will vigorously develop the digital economy in the future, deeply implement the action plan for the development of big data and cloud computing, and deeply study blockchain technology and application. Especially in the field of finance, the landing application has become the focus of the scientific and financial circles
1. The value source of blockchain is that it can perfectly solve the pain points of the current financial instry:
in today's asset securitization, insurance, supply chain finance, commodity trading, asset custody and other financial scenarios, e to many participants, high cost of credit evaluation, low settlement efficiency of intermediary institutions and other reasons, Traditional financial service methods are difficult to effectively solve the long-standing core pain points in the instry, such as information asymmetry, complex and rendant processes, and high information verification cost
2. Why can blockchain solve the above pain points:
blockchain technology integrates many basic technologies, such as distributed accounting, tamper proof, built-in contract, etc., and constructs a trust building mechanism with lower cost. The financial application based on blockchain technology can realize the ability of all market participants to obtain all transaction information and asset ownership records in the market without discrimination, and effectively solve the problem of information asymmetry; Smart contract embedding reces the error rate of payment and settlement, simplifies the process and improves efficiency; At the same time, based on transparent information and brand-new trust mechanism, there is no need to spend manpower, material resources and financial resources to confirm information among participants, which will greatly rece the trust cost between institutions, and then rece the price of financial services and transaction costs
3. The application of blockchain technology in the financial field mainly includes the following aspects:
① digital currency
among which bitcoin is the most famous. On the basis of bitcoin, a large number of other types of decentralized digital currencies have been derived. Such as: the heyday of bits
Compared with the traditional payment system, blockchain payment can directly carry out end-to-end payment for both parties without the help of the banking system, which can greatly improve the speed and rece the cost③ digital bills
④ bank credit management: the advantage of blockchain is that it can rely on program algorithm to automatically record credit related information and store it on every computer in the blockchain network, with transparent information, tamper proof and low cost
The major financial institutions and exchanges in Europe and the United States have explored the application research of building the next generation of financial asset trading platform based on blockchain technology4. The development prospect of blockchain. The future development of blockchain technology will have the most vitality with alliance chain as the entry point, and will have a significant effect and far-reaching impact on the transformation of traditional financial instry pain points
in response to the good investment prospects of blockchain, domestic enterprises such as Alibaba, Jingdong and Netcom have entered the market. The application of financial scenarios based on blockchain technology not only brings us security and convenience, but also provides us with broader investment space. The rise and price surge of digital currency represented by bitcoin (bitcoin was about RMB 20 cents when it was first listed in 2009, and its current price is about US $7300!) It's the best proof that people with a keen sense of smell have made a lot of money from it
Abstract: This is an encrypted digital currency based on the bitcoin developed by Nakamoto Tsung, which improves and adds many new functions, such as the double-layer reward system network, also known as the main node network. It also includes anonymous payment to improve the interchangeability (bitage) and real-time payment function docking to realize real-time transaction confirmation without relying on the authority of the center (P2P mall) In 2009, Nakamoto put forward the concept of bitcoin. Since then, bitcoin has spread rapidly in mainstream applications and commercial uses, becoming the first digital currency to attract a large number of users, which is a milestone in the history of digital currency. However, from the perspective of completing the transaction, we can find an important problem, that is, it takes too long for bitcoin block to confirm the transaction. Traditional payment companies have found a solution to enable the buyer and the seller to realize zero confirmation of bitcoin transaction, but this solution usually requires a trusted third party to complete the transaction outside the agreementbitcoin provides pseudonym transaction, realizes the one-to-one transaction relationship between sender and receiver, and can always record the transactions occurred in the whole network. Bitcoin only provides low-level privacy protection, which is well known in academia. Despite this deficiency, many people still believe in the transfer history recorded by blockchain
based on Nakamoto's achievements, bitshengshi is an encrypted digital currency with the purpose of protecting privacy. We have made a series of improvements on the basis of the concept of bitcoin, resulting in a decentralized cryptocurrency with good anonymity. It supports tamper proof real-time transactions, and has a point-to-point sub network that can provide service reward system for bitsheng network
2. Master node network
the whole node is the server running on the P2P network, so that small nodes can use them to accept the dynamic changes from the whole network. These all nodes need significant traffic and other resources that consume a lot of cost. Therefore, it will be observed that the number of these nodes on the bitcoin network presents a steady downward trend over a period of time, so that the block broadcast time needs an additional 40 seconds. In order to solve this problem, many solutions have been put forward, such as the introction of Microsoft Research's new incentive plan and bitnodes incentive plan
Figure 6: Mining reward model
China's regulatory authorities have stopped the issuance and trading of virtual currency, and China's policy does not allow the issuance of any virtual currency
network virtual currency can be roughly divided into
the first category is familiar game currency. In the era of stand-alone games, the protagonist accumulates money by knocking down the enemy, entering the gambling house to win money, and using these to buy Herbs and equipment, but it can only be used in his own game console. At that time, there was no "market" between players. Since the establishment of Internet portal and community, the realization of game networking, virtual currency has a "financial market", players can trade game currency
the second type is the special currency issued by the portal website or instant messaging service provider, which is used to purchase the services in the website. The most widely used is Tencent's q-coin, which can be used to purchase membership, QQ show and other value-added services
the third kind of virtual currency on the Internet, such as bitcoin (BTC), Fuyuan coin (FTC), Wright currency (LTC), etc. bitcoin is an electronic currency proced by open-source P2P software. Some people also translate bitcoin as "bitcoin", which is a kind of network virtual currency. It is mainly used for Internet financial investment, and can also be directly used in daily life as a new currency.
2. GMQ has a mature system architecture, the top BGP multi line integration room in Europe and America, and the best CDN acceleration node in the world. The system implements bank level user data encryption, multiple identity authentication, multi-level risk identification and control, and the skyrocketing transaction is safe. Protect users' capital security and trading experience
3. Cover IOS & # 92; Android\ Windows\ Mac multi grid platform terminal access, support full service function. At the same time, for different customers around the world, it provides a variety of mainstream language choices
4. Multi level management mode of business system, flexible and diversified use, supports the roles of exchange, partner, distributor, salesman, customer a, customer B and customer C, which can be flexibly configured and enjoy independent management background, 7x24 hours real-time settlement and real-time receipt of income, Suitable for a variety of business development modes
1. Have the ability to promote and be good at developing blockchain instry resources
2. A mature ecation team with certain blockchain instry resources and a certain scale is preferred<
3. Have a strong desire to expand their blockchain ecation and training career in the block market.
1. Over 18 years old, have independent capacity for civil conct, and give priority to company form operation
2. Apply to the platform for joining in
3. Fill in the application form, which needs to be approved by the platform.
this business philosophy was later introced into China as market value management, because at that time, many listed companies in China only knew how to make their own instry bigger and stronger and obtain more instrial profits. They did not know how to maintain the reasonable valuation of the company in the stock market, that is, shareholders' rights and interests. The disadvantage is that although you are prosperous in both proction and sales and have plenty of cash, the competitors in the instry may not be as large as you, the output value may not be as good as you, and the cash flow may not be as good as you, but if the P / E ratio is higher than you, they may use the money from the stock market financing to carry out instrial mergers and acquisitions and eventually surpass you. It may even attract barbarians outside the door to buy you maliciously. Vanke is a living example
under the ecation of many examples and the domestic environment, listed companies have graally formed: market value is the ultimate goal, instrial profit is the transitional goal, and the essence of market value management is the maximization of shareholder value! This seems to be right, but it is absurd
under this concept, the essence of shareholder value maximization is stock value maximization! Stock price and market value become the standard of strength of listed companies; It becomes the standard to evaluate the performance of senior management; Under this concept, it is a common phenomenon to pursue short-term effects, squeeze employees, cheat on performance, and save dividends. As long as the company's shareholders can rece their holdings at a high level to cash out, no matter what the flood is
as an advanced experience, this set of practice has been brought into the coin circle in the wilderness. The coin circle is originally a white paper, the mode of issuing a coin. Where is the instry and where is the valuation? This market value management becomes currency value management again. Most cryptocurrencies do not belong to securities. Naturally, they have no shareholders. What they directly face is the investors in the secondary market. Therefore, the essence of currency management is to maximize the interests of the project side. Through the strategy of raising and killing, through the means of washing dishes, pulling dishes and smashing dishes, wave after wave of cutting leeks
so every time I hear someone ask the project side why they don't pull the bear market or do currency management, I want to laugh. The fluctuation of currency value can't escape the cycle of capital market fluctuation and bull bear conversion. Currency market cycle can not be controlled, but can be used; The greater the fluctuation, the higher the utilization value, but the greater the difficulty. This use of words, specifically: why does it pull in the bear market cycle to let you escape? Only when BTC falls, it falls less. During the stable period of BTC, it rises higher. In the process of attracting new leeks to take over, you can take advantage of the rebound to cut meat
so, value management or market value management, as long as the instry and valuation match, there are still advantages. After all, the price fluctuates around the value. As for currency management, it is unreliable. There is neither mature instry nor stable growth, nor reasonable valuation. Even if it only maintains a certain range of fluctuations, such as BTC's 5760-6800usdt range, ETH's 205-225 range, and EOS's 5-6usdt range, it is actually a leek cutting behavior, because its investors only buy on the specious basis that there will be a new high in the future. No one really knows what the future will be. After all, history can only be used for reference, Not the inevitable future!