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in China, Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty was the earliest (in terms of Sichuan rupee silver coins, he was the only brother of China's feudal emperors who used money). In the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai and Sun Yat Sen used silver coins. In the Republic of China, some used Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi and Zhu De, as well as the portraits of some minority friends
there are more abroad: in the United States, from Washington to Franklin, there are several people on paper money, and all the dead presidents on commemorative coins. In addition, there are famous European monarchs, such as Elizabeth II, Alfonso, scientists such as Nobel, artists such as Picasso and Bach, who often appear on European coins
obverse: Norodom Sihamoni, the current king of Cambodia 6042; 6084; 6031; 6098; 6031; 6040; 6047; 6072; 6048; 6040; 6075; 6035; 6072;
back: Nailiang Bridge 6098; 6038; 6070; 6035; 6050; 6098; 6035; 6016; 6043; 6079; 6020; , Across the Mekong River.
Yusuf bin Isak
On August 12, 1910, Yusuf was born in Perak, Malaysia, as the eldest son of his nine children. His father, a civil servant, came to Singapore in 1923 as an assistant inspector of the Ministry of fisheries. After that, he became the first non European director of the Ministry of fisheriesyussoff attended primary school in today's Victoria school. After entering Raffles College, he was the only Malay student who had the chance to compete with 13 other students for the prestigious queen scholarship. However, in the end, because of a few points difference, did not get the scholarship
Yusov, a sports lover, is an athlete at school. He has participated in many sports activities on behalf of Raffles College, including cricket, hockey, swimming, water polo, boxing, weightlifting and basketball. In 1932, yusov won the boxing championship and Hu Wenhu cup
extended information:
the Singapore dollar can be divided into banknotes and coins, and plastic banknotes have been issued recently. As of 2017, the banknotes in circulation in Singapore are: 10000 yuan, 1000 yuan, 100 yuan, 50 yuan, 10 yuan, 5 yuan and 2 yuan, while the coins are 1 yuan, 50 Fen (5 jiao), 20 Fen (2 jiao), 10 Fen (1 jiao), 5 fen and 1 Fen
Although the dime can still be used, the Singapore government has stopped issuing dimes. The reason for the government to stop issuing coins is that there are enough coins available in the marketThe Mongolian coin is Tugrik, and the character on 1000 Tugrik is Genghis Khan (boerjin · Tiemuzhen)
Boerjin Tiemuzhen (31 may 1162-25 August 1227) was a member of the Qiyan tribe of the Mongolian nationality. Khan of great Mongolia is an outstanding statesman and militarist in the history of the world In 1162, he was born in the upper reaches of the Ornan River in Mobei (now Kent province of Mongolia) and named Tiemuzhen. Around the 11th year of Chunxi reign (1184), he became a Khan of Mongolian Qiyan tribe and unified all Mongolian tribes step by step. In the second year of Kaixi (1206), great Mongolia was established, honored as "Genghis Khan", and the code of Genghis Khan was promulgated. He launched many foreign wars and conquered the coastal areas of the Black Sea in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Baoqing three years (1227), Xingbing expedition Xixia, died on the way, buried in secret In October 1265, Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty was honored as Taizu. In October 1266, the third year of the Zhiyuan Dynasty, after the completion of the Taimiao, he was named emperor Shengwu. In 1309, the second year of emperor Wuzong's reign in the Yuan Dynasty, he was posthumously named "emperor fatian Qiyun" and the temple name was Taizu
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in the spring of 1206, the Mongolian nobles held a meeting at the source of the Ornan River (now the Nen River), and the kings and ministers honored Tiemuzhen as "Genghis Khan"
However, before the late Qing Dynasty, there was no record of Genghis Khan in the collection of Chinese literature and history of yuan, Ming and early Qing Dynasty, and the records of emperor Taizu in the history of Yuan recorded that all the kings and ministers were Genghis emperor. Peng Daya, a scholar of the Southern Song Dynasty, was an envoy to Mongolia to attack the Jin Dynasty. In his black tartar affairs, he also recorded that he was Emperor chengjisi ("the person who was in charge of the imperial name at the beginning of the reign was named temaizhen, and the name was Emperor chengjisi"). In Yuan Dynasty, Li Zhichang's "journey to the west of Changchun real man" also recorded that "emperor chengjisi ordered Qiu Shi, the real man". In 1998, the silver gilded inscription "imperial edict of Yanshan" of the Yuan Dynasty was found, which also read "Heaven's gift, imperial edict of Genghis, disease"western historical collections recorded Genghis Khan, which was introced into China, resulting in the use of Genghis Khan alone or both in the late Qing Dynasty's Chinese literature and history collections (such as Hai Guo Tu Zhi, Meng Wu Er Shi Ji, Mongolian chronicles, new Yuan Shi, etc.). It was the beginning of the Mongol empire that he became emperor of the great Mongol Empire. Thus, Genghis Khan code was promulgated, which is the first set of written code with the most extensive application in the world, and established a set of Mongolian aristocratic republic system based on aristocratic democracy
Taiwan dollar of China (Taiwan dollar) - Sun Yat Sen
British pound - Queen Elizabeth
US dollar - Andrew Jackson, The 7th president of the United States
Australian dollar - Australian soprano Nelli Melba
Vietnamese Dong - Ho Chi Minh
Indian Rupee - Gandhi
German mark - musician Schumann's wife Clara
French franc - Eiffel
Mongolian Tugrik - Genghis Khan
Japanese dollar - Japanese thinker and ecator Yuki Fukuzawa
Korean currency - the world of creating Korean King Zong
knew that.
according to the investigation and analysis of relevant experts, people are generally the most sensitive to characters, especially familiar characters, which are easy to be recognized. In China, there are great differences in people's cultural quality. There are still quite a number of illiterate and semi illiterate people in some remote areas. Although some of these people are illiterate, they can't distinguish the figures. For example, people used to call the third set of RMB 10 yuan voucher "great unity" and the fourth set of RMB 100 yuan voucher "four leaders", which is derived from the figures, Other patterns don't have that effect. For example, a group of experiments were concted to mix the pictures of Huashan, Huangshan, Taishan and Hengshan together. Not only people with a low level of ecation are difficult to distinguish, but also people with a high level of ecation who have not been to the field will make mistakes in distinguishing. This is one of the reasons why different designers of RMB choose figures as patterns
secondly, the figures on the RMB patterns are mostly hand carved, and some lines have to be carved with several to dozens of knives at a point. Even if the same sculptor repeats the same work, there will be differences. Because people are most sensitive to the changes of people's head portraits, especially those already familiar with them, so that as long as there are subtle differences or anomalies in the figure portraits of RMB patterns, they will be immediately noticed and easy to distinguish. If it is the difference in the font, it is difficult for ordinary people to recognize. So as to achieve that is in line with the general law of people's understanding of things, at the same time, it has a unique effect on anti-counterfeiting. The characters on the RMB are like a landscape of anti-counterfeiting and anti-counterfeiting
thirdly, China has always attached great importance to the imperceptible publicity and ecation role of money in circulation. The ideological and political nature of the patterns used to be an important theme, which was most fully reflected in the third set of RMB coupons. Almost all the characters on the patterns were workers and peasants, which had obvious characteristics of the times. The fourth set of RMB continues this feature. The characters in each voucher, except for the 50 yuan and 100 yuan voucher, are the figures of 14 ethnic minorities, implying the sense of national unity. The fifth set of RMB was issued on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the founding of the people's Republic of China. The head portrait of Mao Zedong, the founding leader of the people's Republic of China, appeared in the case of Gao Jiaodian and Xie Dingmao, which is the most familiar leader of the people in China. It is easy to identify the false, but also dispels one of the great wishes of the people to cherish the memory of the founding leader The moral of Deng Xiaoping's socialist cause going on. This is the ideological and political nature of the outstanding figures
in fact, the use of figures in currency patterns is not unique to RMB. The coins issued by many countries in the world, especially those with large denominations, are mostly figures, and they are the most familiar, familiar and famous people and objects of the currency issuing countries. Most of them are leaders. For example, the characters on the Vietnamese Dong banknotes are like Ho Chi Minh; The figure on the highest denomination note of the Korean won is like Kim Il Sung; The figures on the dollar notes are several famous Presidents of the United States, etc
the reason why we are used to using figures as patterns on banknotes is not only outstanding in anti-counterfeiting, but also attractive in economy and politics, which can be accepted by all walks of life in the society. Therefore, it can be said that in the future, when countries around the world issue new banknotes, the figure pattern will appear again and again, and will become a trend of existence and development, and even will continue until the disappearance of real money.
the characters in 1, 2 and 5 jiao mainly refer to the representatives of several nationalities
1 is the head portrait of Gaoshan and Manchu men (one is Wang De'an, the other is unknown)
2 is Tujia girl (Huang Qiping) and Korean girl (Su Chunxi)
5 is the head portrait of Miao and Zhuang women (no specific name)
another note:
the Tujia girl on the left of Huang Qiping's 1980 version of two jiao RMB, Huang Qiping is now deputy director of the Department of agriculture of Hunan Province
Su Chunxi, born in 1963, of Korean nationality, is a native of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province. He is now the head of a foreign language training institution in Beijing
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