Xi'an cracked virtual currency
According to the news on February 10, 2018, on September 4, 2017, seven ministries and commissions of the people's Republic of China issued the notice on preventing the financing risk of token issuance, which regulates the issuance of tokens. In the notice, the nature of all kinds of tokens and "virtual currency" is clearly defined: it is not issued by the monetary authority, and it has no monetary attributes such as legal compensation and mandatory, It does not have the same legal status as currency and cannot and should not be used as currency in the market. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that all kinds of "virtual currency" still have a certain property value and are part of the property of the holder. So, how to identify the nature of the theft of such tokens
In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of "virtual token" holders, the author intends to discuss such issues through a relevant news report and relevant casesstealing bitcoin
recently, a news report said that Haidian police in Beijing cracked a case of destroying computer information system. The suspect Zhong used his administrator's authority to modify the company's computer applications and steal 100 bitcoins. Before he could sell the stolen money, Zhong was arrested by the police. At present, Zhong was detained for the crime of destroying computer information system
it can be seen from the report that the police detained the perpetrator for stealing bitcoin on suspicion of damaging the computer information system. The crime of destroying the computer information system stipulated in Article 286 of the criminal law of our country refers to the act of deleting, modifying, adding or interfering with the functions of the computer information system in violation of the provisions of the state, resulting in the abnormal operation of the computer information system and serious consequences, or deleting, modifying or interfering with the data and application programs stored, processed or transmitted in the computer information system Modifying or adding operations with serious consequences, or deliberately making or spreading destructive programs such as computer viruses, which affect the normal operation of the computer system with serious consequences
In the author's opinion, this crime is one of the crimes of impairing social management order in Chapter 6 of the criminal law, that is, the legal interest protected by this crime is actually the public order of our society, not the property interests of the digital currency holders, which in fact denies the property value of digital currency, It is only protected as a data or system function in a computer system. The author thinks that there is some irrationality in this wayfirst of all, in the notice on the prevention of bitcoin risk issued in 2013, it is mentioned that bitcoin is not a real currency because it is not issued by the monetary authority and does not have such monetary attributes as legal compensation and compulsion. Bitcoin has four main characteristics: no centralized issuers, limited amount, no geographical restrictions and anonymity. Because it belongs to a specific virtual commodity in nature The notice also clearly mentioned that bitcoin does not have the same legal status as currency and should not be used as currency in the market. However, as a virtual commodity, the property value behind bitcoin cannot be ignored
Secondly, Article 127 of the general provisions of the civil law, which came into effect on October 1 last year, stipulates that if the law has provisions on the protection of data and network virtual property, such provisions shall prevail. Although only the protection of the network virtual property has made the principle provisions, but it can not be denied that this shows our country's attitude towards the protection of the network virtual property. Although there is no special law for the protection of data and network virtual property in China, from the perspective of the general provisions of civil law, it is predicted that there will be relevant legislation in the futurefinally, from the relevant cases, we can also see the recognition of the property attribute of virtual currency such as bitcoin in China's judicial practice. In April and may 2013, Liu premeditated to set up a bitcoin trading platform, so he recruited Jin and Huang (both sentenced) to jointly set up a "bitcoin" trading platform. During this period, Liu, Huang, Jin, Jin and the defendant he, in addition to other acts of directly stealing customers' funds, also frequently cashed RMB by selling customers' bitcoins, and transferred 120 bitcoins from the website. Finally, the court convicted and punished the defendant for fraud, and the bitcoin transferred by the defendant was also included in the property loss of the victim. Therefore, from the judicial cases, we can also get the recognition of the property attributes of virtual currency such as bitcoin
based on the above reasons, the author thinks that it may be unreasonable to regulate the theft of virtual currency only as the crime of damaging computer information system. We should face up to the hidden property value and consider the application of the crime of infringing property in China's criminal law. Only in this way can we effectively protect the legitimate rights and property of digital currency holders in China
learned from the Xi'an Municipal Public Security Bureau's opening branch recently that the "3. 30" network hacker theft virtual currency case was broken down nearly half a year, and 3 suspect suspects were all arrested. The initial investigation found that the gang involved in the case reached 600 million yuan. p>
on March 30, 2018, the economic development branch of Xi'an Public Security Bureau received an alarm from the victim Zhang, claiming that his personal computer was suspected to have been illegally intruded, and a large number of virtual currencies such as bitcoin and Ethereum were looted, with a market value of over 100 million yuan. The Municipal Public Security Bureau quickly set up a special group to carry out the detection work
has been examined by the 3 suspects as hacker. Many illegal gains have been obtained through illegal invasion, control of company's enterprise and personal network system, and the amount of suspect involved has reached 600 million yuan. At present, the case is still under further investigation
Investment is risky, so we should be cautious. A lot of people invest and want to make a quick profit, but this psychology is often mastered by criminals, thus laying a big net of deception. This is not the case. Ms. Chen of Xincheng District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, encountered this incident
Ms. Chen thought that she had met a "noble person" who could make her "rich", so she invested 210000 yuan, but she didn't expect to be blackmailed by the other party soon after the remittance... At this time, she realized that she had met a liar. 210000 yuan was cheated, which made the victim Ms. Chen regret very much
let's take a look at the details
according to the investigation, the police found that there were hundreds of transactions in this account on August 26, when it was frozen, the account amount was as high as 1.18 million yuan, of which Ms. Chen's 160000 yuan was. As the victims in the accounts come from all over the country, the Ministry of public security has stepped in to investigate and chase the victims
It has to be said that there is no pie in the sky for no reason, and there is no free lunch in the worldthe earliest appearance of the former was in 2015. In the two years from 2015 to 2017, the personnel of Vicat MLM organizations, through false propaganda, selling Vicat, holding various propaganda meetings and establishing class system, led to more than 200 countries and more than 3 million people being cheated. Although in 2017, Vicat coins have been cracked, a total of 119 backbone were arrested. However, e to the large number of people involved in Vicat, even if the backbone is captured, some offline people are still using Vicat to continue to commit fraud. In the first half of 2018, many people found signs of recovery of Vicat
top 2: mchain (M-chain or MCC)
mchain, formerly known as M-chain or MCC, appeared in the second half of 2017. Through the Ethereum blockchain, the personnel of MCC pyramid marketing organization generated token MCC for free. Through careful packaging (for example, putting token MCC online to some unknown Shanzhai exchanges, inventing Galaxy online entertainment platform and cloud mining machine), they attracted investors to invest and promised high returns to investors. After investors take the t, MCC MLM organizations will ince investors to develop offline through other means< At present, MCC has not been detected by the police and is still active. However, Yuhang Public Security Bureau and Zhejiang Economic Investigation Bureau have already issued a warning, hoping that you will not easily get on the stolen ship that has lost your property
Top 3 of MLM: radar coin (ADAR)
radar coin appeared in 2014 and was exposed as a pyramid scheme by CCTV and public security in many places. It was once known as the largest online MLM project in China, but up to now, radar coin is still active
radar coin mainly relies on the Internet and community for promotion. As few people knew the concept of mining in the early years, radar coin was introced to store or promote the concept of mining, and it has continued to this day. As early as 2016, radar coin was stripped out, formerly known as VPAL (also pyramid scheme), because the source code of radar coin and VPAL is consistent, and radar coin uses the domain name of VPAL<
Top 4 of MLM coin: LCC (light cone)
LCC is a MLM coin scam that appeared around November 2017. MLM organization staff incited investors to take the initiative to invest and develop offline by manipulating prices and drawing big cakes. In just a few months, it expanded the scope of fraud to more than 10 provinces and cities in China, resulting in 50000-80000 people being cheated, The amount involved reached 4.9 billion yuan. At present, the top management of LCC pyramid marketing organization has been arrested by the police
Top 5 of MLM coin: Xinghan chain (SGC)
Xinghan chain was launched in September 2017. Like all MLM coins, Xinghan chain often holds various conferences at home and abroad to attract members and publicize Xinghan chain. Although the people of Xinghan chain pyramid scheme deliberately designed a complex algorithm in an attempt to cover up the fact of incing investors to go offline, it is just like mmm, the world's largest Ponzi scheme, and static income sold them out
in December last year, Xinghan chain was singled out as MLM. Five days later, it was suspected of MLM by Changsha crackdown office. In April this year, it was reported as MLM by many media platforms< Top 6: electric energy chain (EEC)
there is no official website, no white paper, nor shangshanzhai exchange. The only white paper with a little technical content is completely copied. The transaction is purely by manual transfer. If you transfer 1000 yuan, you will be charged 500, and if you transfer 2000 yuan, you will be charged 1000. At first glance, I thought it was charging QQ card. Buy 1000 coins a year, only 12 coins of income, to profit completely depends on the development of offline. It was exposed in May this year that it is a pyramid scheme< Top 7: popular money (TPC)
popular money appeared around may 2017 and was exposed as MLM by Hong Kong East weekly on February 4 this year. TPC has white papers, official websites, wallets, exchanges, points websites, game applications, and formal business licenses. It has a clear division of labor and strict discipline. No one would have thought that it would be a pyramid selling coin if it did not need to pay a threshold fee of 40000 yuan for one person and get a rebate for joining the army< In late March of this year, Datang launched illegal pyramid selling in the name of blockchain all over the country, and in just 18 days, it expanded its registered members to more than 13000, involving 31 provinces, cities and autonomous regions. Xi'an police set up a special team to destroy the case after receiving the report. According to the statistics after the incident, the amount of money involved in the case exceeded 80 million yuan, and this case has become the first "blockchain" mega network pyramid selling case in China
Top 9: Hero chain (HEC)
hero chain was listed on January 13 this year. Investors hesitated and repeatedly decided to report the case when people on the platform were cheated, the currency price plummeted and the market value evaporated by 90%. On March 14, 2018, the hero chain was put on file for investigation, and the relevant person in charge disappeared immediately after putting on file
Top 10: PMD (pyramid)
PMD was launched in June 2018, which completely imitated MCC's pyramid selling routine. After careful packaging, virtual cloud miner carried out fraud and hierarchical pyramid selling. Because PMD imitates MCC too much, it was discovered by the people of MCC MLM organization and exposed
top 11: WSC
WSC appeared around February this year. There is no white paper. The so-called official website is also composed of some scattered words and pictures. The staff of the pyramid marketing organization of Wenshang chain invented the cloud miner and launched the "welfare" of sending miner after registration to attract members. After the investors took the t, the staff of the pyramid marketing organization of Wenshang chain would pull the investors to the "business school" for centralized brainwashing training and development offline
Top 12: DK appeared at the end of 2015, which completely imitated the operation mode of MMM and learned from the experience of MMM crash, changed the realization time, promised 1% income and cheated investors. If investors think that the return of static income is slow, the people of the tic money pyramid marketing organization will encourage investors to develop offline, and set up a 20 layer pyramid hierarchical system, so that the leeks that have been locked up can trick new leeks into the pit. As the operation mode of tic is constantly changing, and its behavior is relatively low-key, so TIC has not been able to attract the attention of relevant departments and is still active
it's very tiring to move bricks. Please accept if you are satisfied!
in order to protect the right of privacy, the specific name will not be released, such as the case of "Wanfu coin of future city" organized and led pyramid selling activities cracked in Xuzhou, and the official name of its leader is Liu Mou Ben
reporters in some "Wan Fu" promotion website and official account, many of the title of Liu, including the president of the global future city group, former vice governor of California, etc., and many pictures of Liu and foreign dignitaries and celebrities. In order to develop more members, Mr. Liu also held a huge investment promotion conference in Bali, Indonesia, Hong Kong and other places, attracting thousands of people from China
Liu also claimed that "Wanfu coin" was approved by the US Securities Regulatory Commission and the China Banking Regulatory Commission and would soon apply for a direct sales license in China. According to police investigation, "Wanfu coin" as a virtual digital currency has no legal basis to apply for direct marketing license in China, which is purely fictitiousaccording to the relevant person in charge of Xuzhou public security bureau, "Wanfu coin" reflects the new characteristics of the current MLM
1. In the name of virtual currency, virtual currency is a new thing for pyramid selling. At the same time, it is attractive under the banner of e-commerce, personal finance and distance ecation, which is not understood by the general public and easy to be deceived
2. Development members on the Internet are all carried out on the Internet, and members can only join the MLM through the website, and the user names used are pseudonyms or code names, and they all have their own login passwords. They chat with each other mainly through wechat. This has changed the traditional mode of setting up a studio and a newspaper center to organize activities, and increased the concealment of MLM
3. Spread on the Internet
the Internet makes the pyramid selling break through the restrictions of regions and national boundaries. The backbone personnel of pyramid selling often set their headquarters abroad, hide abroad and issue orders. It is difficult to arrest, recover stolen goods and get rid of the roots when funds are transferred abroad
according to the police, there are 100 or 200 kinds of "virtual currency" publicized on the Internet, which is hard to distinguish between true and false. The use of virtual currency for illegal fund-raising, pyramid selling, fraud and other criminal activities are frequent, investors should carefully screen
has the final say:
virtual currency network platform features
1, hype "new concept"
virtual currency network platform has very flexible form, often make only superficial changes, many are just made some concepts, all "game rules" are all platform based, there is a very big black box operation space. p>
2. Advocate "zero risk"
"real zero risk, only make no loss financial project", "China's first FC virtual currency is born, will create countless millionaires again"... The reporter saw that on a flyer page of FC virtual currency, there is such a slogan. A "player" told reporters that other "players" also claimed that in the future, a coin can buy a house
In the case of Yiyang network platform, many participants are over 60 years old, and the oldest is close to 80 years old. They usually spend most of their time at home with their grandchildren. They don't understand the Internet, and they listen to others. The elderly have accumulated a certain amount of wealth, and they don't know much about new things, so it's difficult to identify false propaganda, so it's easy to become the target of these network platformstoday's digital currency trading platforms are generally operated by companies, such as Xigu and the five domestic bitcoin trading platforms.
Recently, a photo of Chinese aunts posing at the blockchain conference became popular in the circle of friends, and netizens commented that aunts have been targeted by blockchain. Since the beginning of this year, some illegal elements have carried out pyramid selling activities under the banner of blockchain finance, becoming one of the latest varieties of pyramid selling. Recently, Xi'an City cracked a block chain pyramid selling case
Zhang Yangqiu said that virtual currency, as a new thing, is often used to engage in illegal and criminal activities. It usually controls a small number of indivial or company accounts to absorb and transfer funds, and establishes a pyramid selling network through the Internet to expand the scale of fund-raising. It is difficult for ordinary investors to see the operation rules behind it. She reminded that various virtual currency platforms generally publicize technologies such as "blockchain" and "decentralization", and some of them are also named after international organizations and multinational financial groups, which is extremely confusing. Middle aged and old people must be cautious in investment, and it is better not to set foot in unfamiliar investment fieldscontent source: Xinhuanet
No, blockchain is the underlying technology, and virtual currency is mostly developed or derived from this underlying technology
Mr. Yuan Wang is engaged in the development of digital asset blockchain system. If necessary, you can search "Mr. Yuan Wang" on the Internet to find detailed communication.
I used to see it in movies and TV plays; Underground bank & quot; But what I didn't expect was that it happened in Xi'an. According to the introction of the economic investigation staff of Xi'an Yanta sub Bureau, they have received clues since 2019 that nearly 10 million funds have been transferred overseas within their jurisdiction. Then the economic investigation team began to investigate the matter and found that the two people were suspected of committing a major crime. After more than a year of preparation and careful planning, began to close the network in April this year, Moreover, the police force was distributed in many places, destroying three dens of underground banks and capturing 10 suspect. RRRRR}
in fact, the so-called underground bank is to transfer domestic money to foreign countries by illegal means, so as to escape the supervision of financial institutions and let some people make profits from it. However, we should know that this kind of behavior seriously disturbs the financial market and harms the national interests, so we must not touch or do it< if you need foreign exchange, you still need to be a good law-abiding citizen through formal channels such as banks