Virtual currency regulation in France
Publish: 2021-04-17 06:09:57
1. Germany
at the end of June 2013, after the German parliament decided that bitcoin would be tax-free if it was held for more than one year, bitcoin was recognized as a "unit of account" by the German Ministry of finance, which means that bitcoin has been regarded as a legal currency in Germany and can be used to pay taxes and engage in trade activities< In August 2013, judge Amos mazant of Texas District Court ruled in a case of bitcoin virtual hedge fund that bitcoin is a kind of currency and should be included in the scope of financial regulation
legal status
bitcoin can still be considered as legal at present. In the world, bitcoin can be regarded as a virtual commodity and protected by law; If bitcoin cannot be officially recognized as a kind of currency by law, it may bring inconvenience to the businesses and indivials who accept bitcoin in tax declaration, because the businesses who accept bitcoin will be regarded as barter transactions, and such transactions are more troublesome than ordinary transactions in tax declaration
at the same time, bitcoin, as a commodity highly similar to currency, needs to meet the demand of anti money laundering. Bitcoin needs to be included in the personal property declaration, banking anti money laundering system, anti insider trading, anti market manipulation and other systems in terms of transaction and possession. Bitcoin exchanges and storage institutions may also need government supervision and licensing. Some fast-growing bitcoin exchanges and payment service providers are actively exploring cooperation with regulatory agencies to bring bitcoin payment into the regulatory framework of anti money laundering and anti-terrorism financing by applying for licenses and actively communicating with regulatory authorities
in Europe, the European Central Bank published a report on "virtual currency architecture", and the French bitcoin trading platform obtained the PSP qualification. On December 6, 2012, the central bank wrote in the report: "this report is the first attempt to provide a basis for discussing the virtual currency system. While these systems may play an active role in financial innovation and in providing consumers with alternative means of payment, they also clearly create risks. " "Because of the small size of virtual currency systems, these risks do not affect anyone other than the users of these systems," the report added The report reviews the history of bitcoin and reviews its basic features, including currency and technical operation.
at the end of June 2013, after the German parliament decided that bitcoin would be tax-free if it was held for more than one year, bitcoin was recognized as a "unit of account" by the German Ministry of finance, which means that bitcoin has been regarded as a legal currency in Germany and can be used to pay taxes and engage in trade activities< In August 2013, judge Amos mazant of Texas District Court ruled in a case of bitcoin virtual hedge fund that bitcoin is a kind of currency and should be included in the scope of financial regulation
legal status
bitcoin can still be considered as legal at present. In the world, bitcoin can be regarded as a virtual commodity and protected by law; If bitcoin cannot be officially recognized as a kind of currency by law, it may bring inconvenience to the businesses and indivials who accept bitcoin in tax declaration, because the businesses who accept bitcoin will be regarded as barter transactions, and such transactions are more troublesome than ordinary transactions in tax declaration
at the same time, bitcoin, as a commodity highly similar to currency, needs to meet the demand of anti money laundering. Bitcoin needs to be included in the personal property declaration, banking anti money laundering system, anti insider trading, anti market manipulation and other systems in terms of transaction and possession. Bitcoin exchanges and storage institutions may also need government supervision and licensing. Some fast-growing bitcoin exchanges and payment service providers are actively exploring cooperation with regulatory agencies to bring bitcoin payment into the regulatory framework of anti money laundering and anti-terrorism financing by applying for licenses and actively communicating with regulatory authorities
in Europe, the European Central Bank published a report on "virtual currency architecture", and the French bitcoin trading platform obtained the PSP qualification. On December 6, 2012, the central bank wrote in the report: "this report is the first attempt to provide a basis for discussing the virtual currency system. While these systems may play an active role in financial innovation and in providing consumers with alternative means of payment, they also clearly create risks. " "Because of the small size of virtual currency systems, these risks do not affect anyone other than the users of these systems," the report added The report reviews the history of bitcoin and reviews its basic features, including currency and technical operation.
2. Reason: with the rapid development of information technology, real money is far from meeting people's demand for capital flow. If there are enough people to recognize the value of a virtual currency, it may become a substitute unit of material exchange, and the existence of virtual currency will inevitably cause another upsurge in the financial sector
in view of the possible risks of virtual currency, many international organizations and central banks have responded publicly to the supervision of virtual currency system. These responses can be roughly divided into four categories: warning and risk warning, supervision and registration permission, legislative norms, and explicit prohibition
(1) warning and risk warning
some central banks and regulators have issued risk warnings against the special currency and virtual currency system. The federal financial regulatory authority of Germany, the Bank of France, the central banks of the Netherlands and Belgium have issued public warnings against the possible money laundering and terrorist financing caused by the use of bitcoin. In the report released at the end of 2013, the European Banking authority (EBA) warned consumers of many risks of virtual currency, such as exchange loss, e-wallet theft, unprotected payment, price fluctuation and so on. Although Spain did not have a similar risk warning, it issued a timely information announcement related to virtual currency
(2) supervision and registration license
generally speaking, international organizations believe that the supervision of virtual currency should find a balance between risk prevention and innovation promotion. Since 2012, Sweden has required transactions related to virtual currency to be registered with financial regulators. Other countries pay attention to qualification supervision, so as to make it indirectly meet the requirements of prudential supervision. In other countries, the regulation mainly focuses on the business model of virtual currency transaction. The financial prudential regulatory authority of France regards the provision of bitcoin circulation and trading services and the act of earning funds in the process as a payment service and requires the authorization of the government. In addition, some countries focus on the intermediary institutions related to virtual currency. The German federal financial regulatory agency and Danish regulators believe that the provision of intermediary services for virtual currency needs to be authorized< (3) legislative norms
at present, some countries have proposed legislation to regulate virtual currency transactions. Canada plans to legislate to allow the government to supervise the transaction of bitcoin, and to include the transaction of more than US $10000 into the scope of suspicious supervision. The United States hopes to adjust the relevant legal structure should be compared with the development of the special currency. In order to make the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) applicable in the context of network, the financial crime enforcement network (FinCEN) of the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued the explanatory guidance on the behavior and subject definition of private generation, holding, distribution, trading, acceptance and transmission of virtual currency in 2013. The European central bank stressed that it should strengthen international cooperation under the existing legal framework, and regulate virtual currency from the European and global level under the existing legal framework. More countries believe that bitcoin is not a currency in circulation, has no legal status, and does not meet the definition of financial instruments, such as Finland, Sweden, Malaysia and Indonesia
(4) it is forbidden
in some countries, bitcoin related transactions are prohibited. In December 2013, the people's Bank of China banned financial institutions from trading in bitcoin, which was subsequently extended to payment service providers. The central banks of Thailand and Indonesia share the same attitude. The circulation of anonymous internet currency (including bitcoin) is prohibited by the Russian judicial inspection department as a substitute for currency. The Central Bank of Russia has earlier included the provision of bitcoin services in the scope of suspicious transaction monitoring. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has banned the issue of unregistered shares in exchange for bitcoin, and unregistered online securities trading activities in virtual currency.
in view of the possible risks of virtual currency, many international organizations and central banks have responded publicly to the supervision of virtual currency system. These responses can be roughly divided into four categories: warning and risk warning, supervision and registration permission, legislative norms, and explicit prohibition
(1) warning and risk warning
some central banks and regulators have issued risk warnings against the special currency and virtual currency system. The federal financial regulatory authority of Germany, the Bank of France, the central banks of the Netherlands and Belgium have issued public warnings against the possible money laundering and terrorist financing caused by the use of bitcoin. In the report released at the end of 2013, the European Banking authority (EBA) warned consumers of many risks of virtual currency, such as exchange loss, e-wallet theft, unprotected payment, price fluctuation and so on. Although Spain did not have a similar risk warning, it issued a timely information announcement related to virtual currency
(2) supervision and registration license
generally speaking, international organizations believe that the supervision of virtual currency should find a balance between risk prevention and innovation promotion. Since 2012, Sweden has required transactions related to virtual currency to be registered with financial regulators. Other countries pay attention to qualification supervision, so as to make it indirectly meet the requirements of prudential supervision. In other countries, the regulation mainly focuses on the business model of virtual currency transaction. The financial prudential regulatory authority of France regards the provision of bitcoin circulation and trading services and the act of earning funds in the process as a payment service and requires the authorization of the government. In addition, some countries focus on the intermediary institutions related to virtual currency. The German federal financial regulatory agency and Danish regulators believe that the provision of intermediary services for virtual currency needs to be authorized< (3) legislative norms
at present, some countries have proposed legislation to regulate virtual currency transactions. Canada plans to legislate to allow the government to supervise the transaction of bitcoin, and to include the transaction of more than US $10000 into the scope of suspicious supervision. The United States hopes to adjust the relevant legal structure should be compared with the development of the special currency. In order to make the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) applicable in the context of network, the financial crime enforcement network (FinCEN) of the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued the explanatory guidance on the behavior and subject definition of private generation, holding, distribution, trading, acceptance and transmission of virtual currency in 2013. The European central bank stressed that it should strengthen international cooperation under the existing legal framework, and regulate virtual currency from the European and global level under the existing legal framework. More countries believe that bitcoin is not a currency in circulation, has no legal status, and does not meet the definition of financial instruments, such as Finland, Sweden, Malaysia and Indonesia
(4) it is forbidden
in some countries, bitcoin related transactions are prohibited. In December 2013, the people's Bank of China banned financial institutions from trading in bitcoin, which was subsequently extended to payment service providers. The central banks of Thailand and Indonesia share the same attitude. The circulation of anonymous internet currency (including bitcoin) is prohibited by the Russian judicial inspection department as a substitute for currency. The Central Bank of Russia has earlier included the provision of bitcoin services in the scope of suspicious transaction monitoring. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has banned the issue of unregistered shares in exchange for bitcoin, and unregistered online securities trading activities in virtual currency.
3.
At the G20 meeting, different countries held different views on digital currency, some strongly resisted it, and some actively supervised it. Now let's take a look at the attitudes of the G20 countries towards digital currency
In a statement, the Canadian Securities Regulatory Agency (CSA) said that considering the whole process of ICO issuance, many ICO tokens meet the definition of securities and require them to comply with the securities law. In addition, the CSA noted that ICOS may also be derivatives, subject to derivatives laws passed by Canadian securities regulators, including trade reporting rules. Regulators said they welcome companies that are about to conct ICO to enter the "regulatory sandbox" to test new financial procts in a limited environmentIndia
the securities and Exchange Commission of India is planning guidelines for the regulation of the bitcoin market in India. In addition, the securities and Exchange Commission of India set up a financial regulatory commission and held meetings with Reserve Bank of India (RBI) officials. The SEC also plans to regulate whether bitcoin derivatives and other cryptocurrencies are used to raise funds illegally
4. The currency of France is Euro, the currency of 19 countries in the European Union.
5.
Recently, German Finance Minister Peter altemir and French finance minister Bruno lemer jointly held a press conference in Paris, saying that they will jointly promote the global supervision of the bitcoin at the G20 summit in Argentina this year, which will warn that the world's most popular cryptocurrency is being used by illegal groups
the regulation of bitcoin is likely to become a new topic of the G20 summit this year. Lemer has repeatedly said that he will propose to discuss the issue of bitcoin at the G20 summit. As for speculative risk, member countries need to discuss the regulation of bitcoin management together. US Treasury Secretary mu nuqin also said recently that he will work with the G20 to prevent cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin from becoming the digital equivalent of anonymous Swiss bank accounts
Experts suggest that the G20 and some international financial institutions should speed up the formulation of relevant principles and guidelines to provide cases and follow-up for countries to establish coordinated regulatory policies. At the same time, we should achieve global coordination in supervision to jointly crack down on illegal cryptocurrency transactions and crimes6.
because France established a huge colonial empire in Africa a long time ago, but compared with other countries, the means of French rule is relatively direct, implementing the policy of French assimilation. even if the policies implemented by France in Africa are oppressive, from an objective point of view, they promote the economic development of Africa. Therefore, the impact of France on the African people is intangible. This series of measures make Africans realize the broad world, and they will feel that only by imitating France can they have a better life
The influence of France can be said to be everywhere, because most of the French will be appointed by colonial governments, and in ecation, they will ecate French and establish a complete French ecation system. There are some people who perform well in the military service, so they can get the qualification to immigrate to France. After World War II, France was badly injured, and Africa was also the main source country of immigrants. So long ago, Africa and France were in a state of bonding and growing togetherHot content