Etc20 virtual currency
a brief history of etheric Classics (etc)
etheric classics began with an unfortunate event
in May 2016, the decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) held a token sale with the goal of establishing a blockchain based venture capital to fund future decentralized applications (dapps) in the Ethereum ecosystem
basically, Dao is a complex smart contract that operates in a decentralized way - computer code that automatically performs tasks between multiple parties when conditions are met
despite its ambitious goals and successful token sales, Dao's code has a major vulnerability that allows attackers to steal eth from decentralized organizations
the attacker took advantage of this vulnerability in June 2016, triggering the infamous Dao hacking event, and maliciously stole eth worth about US $50 million
there is no doubt that Dao hacking has shocked Ethereum community and made eth price drop from $20 to $13
after the Dao hacking, the Ethereum community has to choose from three options
< UL >do nothing and try to bear the consequences of the attack; Or
start soft bifurcation to recover funds; Or
deploy a hard fork to recover the lost eth
both soft and hard bifurcations are significant network upgrades. However, soft fork allows users who are not upgraded to communicate with upgraded users, while hard fork is not backward compatible with previous versions
as developers realize that deploying soft forks will expose the network to distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, Ethereum community decides to initiate hard forks to recover the funds lost in Dao hacking attacks
although this scheme is supported by most people, a small number of people in Ethereum community oppose it. They think that "code is the law" and blockchain network should be unchangeable
the failure of both sides to reach an agreement on the solution eventually led to the fragmentation of Ethereum blockchain
those who tried to recover the lost eth chose the hard fork and opened the Ethereum (ETH) blockchain as we know it today, while another group stayed on the original Ethereum classic (etc) chain
what problems does ethereal classic solve Ethernet classic (etc) is a blockchain platform that allows developers to deploy smart contracts and dapps although this function is the same as Ethereum (ETH), etc blockchain has two main differences first of all, Ethereum classic community opposes tampering with distributed ledger and supports the view that "blockchain network cannot and should not be modified" secondly, although there is no rigid upper limit on the total supply of eth, it is allowed to create 230 million etc at most by adopting the monetary policy of constant supply as a bonus item, ethereal classic launched Atlantis hard bifurcation last year to increase the interaction with Ethereum and improve the privacy protection of transactions through ZK snarks the trading platforms recommended by etc hot money, okex, AAX, etc
They are:
the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's ideas, the open source software was designed and released, and the P2P network was built on it. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
bitcoin cash
bitcoin cash is a new version of bitcoin with different configurations launched by a small number of bitcoin developers
extended data:
virtual currency refers to non real currency. Well known virtual currency, such as network company's network currency, Tencent company's Q currency, Q point, Shanda company's voucher, Sina's Micro currency (used for micro games, Sina reading, etc.), chivalrous Yuanbao (used for chivalrous road game), silver pattern (used for bixue Qingtian game)
the popular digital currencies in 2013 are bitcoin, Leyte coin, infinite coin, quark coin, zeta coin, BBQ coin, pennies (Internet), invisible gold bar, red coin and prime currency. At present, hundreds of digital currencies are issued all over the world. Popular in the circle & quot; The legend of "bitcoin, Wright silver, infinite copper, pennies aluminum"
but there is no problem, so it can not be determined
few investors and poor liquidity; Lack of supervision and serious manipulation.
1. Enter the Google account interface and click security
control method
the basic components of the control voltage forming circuit are AGC detector and low-pass smoothing filter, sometimes including gate circuit and DC amplifier. After the output signal U0 of the amplifier is detected and filtered by the filter, a voltage UC is generated to control the gain controlled amplifier. When the input signal UI increases, U0 and UC also increase
with the increase of UC, the gain of the amplifier decreases, so that the variation of the output signal is significantly less than that of the input signal, which achieves the purpose of automatic gain control. The gain control methods of the amplifying circuit are as follows: ① changing the DC working state of the transistor to change the current amplification factor of the transistor β ② An electronic attenuator is inserted between the stages of the amplifier. ③ Using electronic control variable resistor as amplifier load. AGC circuit is widely used in various receivers, recorders and measuring instruments. It is often used to keep the output level of the system within a certain range, so it is also called automatic level control; When used in voice amplifier or radio, it is called automatic volume control< The process computer provides the AGC with the target thickness and preset gap of the fixed roll at the same time, and uses the principle of thickness gauge to make AGC adjust the gap to get the target thickness
folding dynamic AGC control system
its core is to calculate the next step of roll gap setting increment value through real-time measurement of pressure increment value, and then realize AGC control function through APC<
Application
in the power instry, AGC refers to: automatic generation control (AGC), which is one of the paid auxiliary services provided by grid connected power plants. Generating units track the instructions issued by power dispatching and trading institutions within the specified output adjustment range, According to a certain regulation rate, the generation output can be adjusted in real time to meet the service requirements of power system frequency and tie line power control. In other words, automatic generation control (AGC) adjusts the output of some units in the power grid to meet the control objectives; Its basic functions are: load frequency control (LFC), economic dispatch control (EDC), reserve capacity monitoring (RM), AGC performance monitoring (agcpm), tie line deviation control (TBC), etc; In order to achieve its basic objectives: to ensure the balance of power generation output and load, to ensure that the system frequency is rated, to make the net regional tie line power flow equal to the plan, and to minimize the regional operation cost. It has a history of more than 40 years and has been applied in more than 20 provincial power grids in China
I think of the happy time of renting a house in the past. In the twinkling of an eye, it has been more than ten years
at that time, he just came to the small town for two years, and his income was slightly better than that of his apprenticeship. My friend Xiangzi and I have always wanted to move out of the dormitory, eager to rent nearby. After a long time, I always want to improve the collective life of the dormitory, live in a single room and live a home style life
After a hard search, I found a two bedroom apartment on the top floor of the old family building, which is less than 60 square meters with kitchen and balcony. The moment we looked at the house, we felt comfortable, and we decided it was. The landlord was also frank and offered to pay the rent on a quarterly basis. The price was slightly lower than the market price, and the water and electricity charges were paid by himself. Soon after we signed the agreement with the landlord, we each had a key to rent a house. At that time, we felt comfortable There is only one black-and-white TV set left by the landlord in the rental house, and other household appliances have to be provided by themselves. Xiangzi and I were not so excited when we just took the key. We felt as if we had bought a new house. As soon as I got off work, I was anxious to go shopping on my bike. We went to the furniture market and found a private shop to order two large wooden beds. At the same time, I ordered a unique desk. Then I went to the wholesale market and bought simple wardrobe and pots and pans. Xiangzi and I were already paralyzed when we put a pile of sundries in the rental housewhen arranging the room, a small matter happened, which is not a matter of laughing. The new bed had just been installed. It was midsummer at that time. I took out a straw mat and spread it on the bed. I leaned against the head of the bed and began to read. About less than two minutes, only to listen to the "creak" sound, my whole body suddenly sank, a butt directly sat on the ground. The sudden and dangerous scene made me panic. Later, I learned that it was the supporting wood near the head of the bed that didn't fit in place. As soon as I was forced, I slipped out of the wooden trough at both ends. Then I had a sudden moment of surprise. For this absurdity, I had a good theory with the owner of the furniture store. As a result, both sides agreed to each other, and then we had the beginning of renting
It took Xiangzi and I more than a week to take care of the rental house. Xiangzi and I formally moved in with our bags and had a comfortable home life. The children of the poor are in charge of the family early. We both have good ability to take care of ourselves. We can go out of the hall and into the kitchen. On weekdays, we don't work in the evening. We have two hours' rest at noon. We do our own cooking for dinner every day. On the day of work, they went out early. On their way to work, they happened to pass by a vegetable market. They quickly bought some meat and vegetable dishes of that day and stored them in familiar stalls. They would get them back after work at noon. Sometimes there are forgetting times, so we have to spend some time running to the stall owner's home Xiangzi is a hardworking man, and he does a lot of cooking. Occasionally, I would cook, wash and take care of the dishes. This kind of self-supporting, relaxed life, this is the original intention of our two rental, natural partner is very good, never complain. The daily expenses are recorded on the same day. Each person takes turns to be responsible by month and the expenses are shared equallyI've been cooking for some time, and I feel that my cooking skills have improved a lot. Xiangzi and I discussed and invited some of our classmates and friends to rent a house for a small gathering, just to show off our skills. On that day, five or six people of the same age gathered in the cottage, all of them were very happy, and the house was full of warm home atmosphere. Xiangzi had been busy in the kitchen. I was responsible for serving tea, pouring water and greeting people to their seats. On that day, there was a big dish of bacon stewed with loach. I specially brought it from my hometown. Xiangzi asked me to show my hand. This big dish is my mother's specialty in her hometown. I always love it, but I haven't done it myself. Based on some impressions of previous observation, I began to cut bacon, prepare spices, and stew loach. The first few processes went smoothly. Next, I put the food into a large pottery pot and put it on the gas stove to stew in high fire. I thought half an hour would be a great success, but after stewing for an hour, the loach was still as hard as a stick. A large group of people gathered around the dining table in the living room, waiting for the dishes to be served! I shuttled back and forth between the kitchen and living room, my forehead was sweating, and the original wild Misgurnus anguillicaudatus could not stew well. Later, I couldn't bear it any more. I took this dish and walked into the living room. We only moved our chopsticks once and never patronized again. The delicious loach was not good-looking and everyone couldn't help laughing
After consulting my mother, I realized that my cooking skills were not good enough. To stew loach, we should put some water in advance, and stew it on high or low fire. But that day, I thought that Bacon would stew juice, so I didn't put water in the pot, so dry stewed loach is not cookedthe longer we rent, the more we think the original decision is wise. During the day, besides going to work, we cook by ourselves and taste our favorite food. In the evening, there is personal space. Xiangzi likes to make bricks in online forums. I like reading and writing. How many quiet nights, we roam in their own small world, doing what they like, enjoy a good time, the worries around the moment disappeared without a trace
The time of renting houses gives us a quiet and pleasant life. Now think about it, there is still a sweet taste in my heartthe factors that affect exchange rate and exchange rate changes can be divided into the following three categories:
the first category is the fundamental influencing factors of exchange rate 1) The relative rate of inflation. Inflation reces the purchasing power of a country's currency at home and devalues its currency internally. If other conditions remain unchanged, devaluation of its currency internally will inevitably lead to devaluation of its currency externally 2) The rate of economic growth of a country. In the long run, a country's sustained and stable economic growth will be concive to the stability or even firmness of its exchange rate
the second type is the direct influence factors of exchange rate, that is, the supply and demand factors of local currency and foreign currency, mainly including the national balance of payments including current account and capital account. If a country has a balance of payments surplus, the increase of domestic currency demand will usually lead to the rise of local currency exchange rate; On the contrary, if a country has a balance of payments deficit and its currency demand decreases, the exchange rate of its currency will decline
the third type is other short-term influencing factors of exchange rate 1) Expected impact. When market traders expect a certain currency to depreciate, they will sell a large amount of this currency e to speculation and risk aversion, resulting in the devaluation of the currency; When market traders expect a certain currency to appreciate, they will buy a large amount of the currency, causing the currency to appreciate. The expectation factor is the most important factor affecting the exchange rate change in the short term 2) Speculation and other factors will also affect the exchange rate in the short term
basically, you can think that the central bank decides as much as it wants. However, there are two restrictions: one is that the central bank believes that such a level of exchange rate is beneficial to its foreign trade; the other is that the central bank has the ability to maintain such a level of exchange rate. To maintain a fixed exchange rate, the central bank relies on a variety of means, mainly buying and selling domestic and foreign currency assets. If it does not have sufficient (mainly) foreign exchange reserves, it will not be able to control the exchange rate of its own currency
the main advantage of fixed exchange rate is stability, because in international trade, the uncertainty of exchange rate is a great risk. If you sell RMB to US $830, but the actual payment has risen to 790, that is to say, if you sell US $100 goods, you will lose 40 yuan of income. If the exchange rate is fixed, there will be no such problem. Therefore, the fixed exchange rate is favored by developing countries. But the most fatal defect of fixed exchange rate is the contradiction with monetary policy, which is the famous Impossible Triangle - fixed exchange rate, open trade environment, independent monetary policy can not coexist. That is to say, if a fixed exchange rate is adopted in Sino US trade, the RMB interest rate must rise with the rise of the US dollar interest rate, otherwise the domestic monetary policy will be ineffective and vulnerable to the attack of speculators< On the contrary, the advantage of floating exchange rate is that it is concive to domestic monetary policy, but not concive to eliminating exchange rate fluctuations in trade
the so-called pegging is another form of fixed exchange rate, but it is relatively mild. My understanding is that you are asking about China's current pegging basket, which is linked to the weighted combination of several currencies. Relatively speaking, when the trading partners are more dispersed, it is suitable to adopt this way. For example, if China's trade with the U.S. accounts for 80%, it should be pegged to the U.S. dollar of course, but if China's trade with the U.S. accounts for 40%, Japan accounts for 30% and the euro area accounts for 20%, it should use a package of currencies
another kind of change is the floating of a range. Setting a target range to make the exchange rate float in this range has its advantages and disadvantages between fixed and floating, depending on the size of the target range. Relatively more flexible, but his disadvantage is more vulnerable to attack