Virtual currency issued in Australia
Publish: 2021-04-20 17:16:26
1.
Cryptocurrency can include QQ currency, community currency, network community account, virtual currency and so on. Virtual currency is just a kind of currency, a symbol
< HR / >virtual currency and electronic currency belong to a person or an enterprise or a unit. They are issued by a person or an enterprise. They can be used as points, maybe as money, to discount and so on. They are internal operations. There is a problem. When an enterprise or this person or unit disappears, this thing will disappear, because it is set by the system and operates in its own internal system
if these cryptocurrencies disappear, it is very easy to turn off the global Internet, and this thing will be gone
2. At present, it seems that we have never heard of failures, but some of them are successful, such as ant financial's implementation of blockchain technology in finance
the main reason is that there are few blockchains in banks and financial institutions
banks and financial institutions are also judging what kind of impact blockchain technology will have on the financial instry. Now most of them are mainly wait-and-see and testing, so even if they fail, it is an expected or acceptable trial failure.
the main reason is that there are few blockchains in banks and financial institutions
banks and financial institutions are also judging what kind of impact blockchain technology will have on the financial instry. Now most of them are mainly wait-and-see and testing, so even if they fail, it is an expected or acceptable trial failure.
3. The overall regulatory level in Australia is more open-minded in the regulation of the issuance and trading of digital currency. The investment market has a wide acceptance of ICO, and investors are enthusiastic. The income of digital currency exchange is considerable and prosperous. So far, the digital currency exchange has been formally incorporated into the jurisdiction of Australian law, and it must also comply with the same obligations of other financial institutions, such as banks, including performing a comprehensive reporting obligation to Australia's trade reporting and Analysis Center (i.e. anti Xi money institutions), formulating and providing effective information, It has a series of legal documents and control proceres for anti Xi money and anti terrorist financing based on risk control to obtain government approval and allow it to operate digital currency exchange
here is a brief introction to the current regulatory framework of digital currency in Australia from the perspectives of digital currency definition, digital currency issuance and exchange:
I On the legal definition of digital currency
Australia added the definition of digital currency in the anti Xi money and Anti Terrorism Financing Act amended in 2017: digital currency is the representative of value in digital form; A unit that can act as an intermediary of exchange, a store of value, or an account; Issued by institutions other than the government; It can be exchanged with legal currency and used as consideration for goods or services; It is available to the general public without any restrictions on its use; Or other transaction means, digital proceres or credit means as stipulated in the anti money / anti terrorist financing laws.; Or other means of transaction, digital proceres or credit as stipulated in anti money / anti terrorist financing laws< Secondly, the regulation of digital currency issuance in Australia is mainly to determine whether a certain type of digital currency is a financial proct. If it is a financial proct, it should be regulated according to the relevant provisions of financial procts. If it is not a financial proct, it should be regulated according to the relevant provisions of financial procts, It should be regulated in accordance with the relevant provisions on consumer protection (Australian consumer law) and general legal provisions
of course, no matter whether a certain type of digital currency is a financial proct or not, there should be no misleading or deceptive behaviors in the process of its issuance, including: using social media to expand public attention and interest in ICO; Engage in or arrange specific people to trade virtual currency or virtual assets with specific strategies, so as to generate larger trading volume on the surface; The issuance information is not fully disclosed; Or for the ICO that has not obtained the approval from the regulatory department, publicize that it has obtained the approval from the regulatory department< According to Australian law, if digital currency constitutes one of the following types of financial procts, the regulatory framework of financial procts is applicable:
1, investment management plan
2, stocks
3, derivatives
4, non cash payment facilities
3 Digital currency trading platform
(1) all trading platforms involving the exchange between legal currency and virtual currency should be registered with austrac and subject to supervision
according to austrac's guidelines, from the perspective of anti Xi money / anti-terrorism financing supervision, all trading platforms involving the exchange between legal currency and virtual currency should be subject to supervision, It includes:
1. Register with austrac
2. Adopt and maintain AML / CTF system
3. Report suspicious transactions and large transactions to austrac
4. Record and save user information, transaction information and the implementation of AML / CTF system
(2) all trading platforms of trading financial procts should obtain licenses
according to statistics, Although the number of licensed exchanges in Australia is relatively small, the quality is relatively high, and most of them are small and medium-sized, and the types of transactions are mainly spot transactions. Moreover, the current Australian exchange license is strictly regulated by ASIC and other departments. It can be seen that while Australia is striving to protect the financial order and investors' rights and interests, It will also give the development of digital currency a bright future, and the development of digital currency in Australia will be unstoppable.
here is a brief introction to the current regulatory framework of digital currency in Australia from the perspectives of digital currency definition, digital currency issuance and exchange:
I On the legal definition of digital currency
Australia added the definition of digital currency in the anti Xi money and Anti Terrorism Financing Act amended in 2017: digital currency is the representative of value in digital form; A unit that can act as an intermediary of exchange, a store of value, or an account; Issued by institutions other than the government; It can be exchanged with legal currency and used as consideration for goods or services; It is available to the general public without any restrictions on its use; Or other transaction means, digital proceres or credit means as stipulated in the anti money / anti terrorist financing laws.; Or other means of transaction, digital proceres or credit as stipulated in anti money / anti terrorist financing laws< Secondly, the regulation of digital currency issuance in Australia is mainly to determine whether a certain type of digital currency is a financial proct. If it is a financial proct, it should be regulated according to the relevant provisions of financial procts. If it is not a financial proct, it should be regulated according to the relevant provisions of financial procts, It should be regulated in accordance with the relevant provisions on consumer protection (Australian consumer law) and general legal provisions
of course, no matter whether a certain type of digital currency is a financial proct or not, there should be no misleading or deceptive behaviors in the process of its issuance, including: using social media to expand public attention and interest in ICO; Engage in or arrange specific people to trade virtual currency or virtual assets with specific strategies, so as to generate larger trading volume on the surface; The issuance information is not fully disclosed; Or for the ICO that has not obtained the approval from the regulatory department, publicize that it has obtained the approval from the regulatory department< According to Australian law, if digital currency constitutes one of the following types of financial procts, the regulatory framework of financial procts is applicable:
1, investment management plan
2, stocks
3, derivatives
4, non cash payment facilities
3 Digital currency trading platform
(1) all trading platforms involving the exchange between legal currency and virtual currency should be registered with austrac and subject to supervision
according to austrac's guidelines, from the perspective of anti Xi money / anti-terrorism financing supervision, all trading platforms involving the exchange between legal currency and virtual currency should be subject to supervision, It includes:
1. Register with austrac
2. Adopt and maintain AML / CTF system
3. Report suspicious transactions and large transactions to austrac
4. Record and save user information, transaction information and the implementation of AML / CTF system
(2) all trading platforms of trading financial procts should obtain licenses
according to statistics, Although the number of licensed exchanges in Australia is relatively small, the quality is relatively high, and most of them are small and medium-sized, and the types of transactions are mainly spot transactions. Moreover, the current Australian exchange license is strictly regulated by ASIC and other departments. It can be seen that while Australia is striving to protect the financial order and investors' rights and interests, It will also give the development of digital currency a bright future, and the development of digital currency in Australia will be unstoppable.
4. This is a dollar Australian coin, which is a Australian dollar. Although it is specially designed for a certain year, it is not a commemorative coin. Because it's not limited. Coin for the 100th anniversary of the global Boy Scout Movement (100th anniversary is 2007)
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6.
Australian banknotes are issued by the Federal Reserve Bank of Australia. There are banknotes in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 in circulation. In 1966, 1 yuan, 2 yuan, 10 yuan and 20 yuan banknotes were introced into circulation one after another, 5 yuan banknotes were introced into the market in 1967, and 50 yuan banknotes were introced in 1973
In 1984, one yuan note was replaced by one yuan coin, while one hundred yuan note was introced into the market, and two yuan note was replaced by two yuan coin in 1988. Since 2002, after improvement, all notes used in Australia have gum, which is less easy to break, rable and beautiful than before. In addition, various denominations are designed with different characteristics of transparent "window", which is the first country in the world to adopt this new design The new Australian plastic banknote material has been put into use after nearly 30 years of research and development. It is made of polyester material instead of paper. It is wear-resistant, not easy to break, not afraid of rubbing and washing, with long service cycle and strong hand feeling, and has good anti-counterfeiting characteristics. Since the first plastic Commemorative Banknote was issued in 1988, Australia has seen the advantages of plastic banknote, and its currency has changed from paper banknote to plastic banknotesince 1992, Australia has issued a plastic banknote every year to replace the current banknote. By 1996, all the plastic banknotes have been issued, and Australia has become the first country in the world to have a complete set of plastic banknotes
On April 9, 2013, Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council held talks with Australian Prime Minister Gillard. The two sides officially launched the annual regular meeting mechanism between the two prime ministers, and determined to establish diplomatic and strategic dialogue, strategic economic dialogue and other mechanisms. In the field of economy and trade, we should strengthen bilateral financial and monetary cooperation and carry out direct transactions between RMB and Australian dollar7. Australian dollar overview
Australian dollar is the legal tender of the Commonwealth of Australia, which is issued by the Reserve Bank of Australia. At present, there are 5,10,20,50,100 banknotes in circulation in Australia, and 1,2,5,10,20,50 mints, with a carry of 1 Australian dollar equal to 100 (centers)< On February 14, 1966, Australia issued the current currency, the Australian dollar, to replace the old Australian pound in circulation, and stipulated that one Australian dollar is equal to 1.12 US dollars, which can be converted into 0.5 Australian pounds. After the floating exchange rate of the US dollar on August 15, 1971, the Australian dollar began to be linked to the British pound on the 23rd of that month. On December 22, the US dollar depreciated. Australia announced that the gold content of the Australian dollar remained unchanged (i.e. 0.99531g), and the official exchange rate against the US dollar rose to US $1.216, with a fluctuation of 2.25%. On June 23, 1972, with the disintegration of the pound area, the preferential treatment enjoyed by the Australian dollar ended. On September 25, 1974, Australia re implemented the effective exchange rate system, and the Australian dollar was no longer pegged to the US dollar. Instead, it became a package weighted currency link of 20 currencies of Australia's major trading partners, and implemented the managed floating exchange rate system. On November 29, 1976, the effective exchange rate of the Australian dollar depreciated by 17.5%. On December 12, 1983, Australia abolished the effective managed floating exchange rate of the Australian dollar pegged to a package of trade weighted currencies, and implemented free floating, so Australia cancelled all foreign exchange controls. At present, the Australian dollar has become one of the important hard currency and investment tools in the international financial market. The Australian dollar is the sixth largest currency in the world in terms of trading volume in the foreign exchange market; After the US dollar, euro, Japanese yen, British pound and Swiss franc, it accounted for 6% of the total trading volume. Since 2002, after improvement, all notes used in Australia have gum, which is less easy to break, rable and beautiful than before. In addition, various denominations are designed with different characteristics of transparent "window", which is the first country in the world to adopt this new design<
current banknotes
[$5]
Australian dollar 5 [1]; front: Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, Eucalyptus on the left; back: Australian Capitol Hill, with the planning and design of Capitol Hill in the background
[$10]
Australian dollar 10; front: Australian poet Patterson. The background is a group of galloping wild horses and brave knights - this is the scene described in Patterson's long poem "snow river man". On the right, between the denomination number "10" and the transparent window is Patterson's signature, and on the left and right sides below the portrait are Patterson's handwriting, snow river man. The white leaves and words between the portrait and the face number symbolize another famous short poem of Paterson, Matilda. Back: Baroness Gilmore, an Australian poet. In the background is the scene described in Baroness Gilmer's work - a horse caravan carrying wool. In the background is a portrait of Baroness Gilmore in her later years. Between the denomination number "10" and the serial number is Gilmer's signature. The handwriting on the far left is Gilmer's most famous patriotic poem "don't let the enemy snatch our fruit"
[$20]
Australian dollar 20 front: Rebecca, an Australian woman entrepreneur. The sailboat in the background is the "Mercury" operated by Rebecca. The building in the background is Rebecca's warehouse on George Street in Sydney. The pattern in the transparent window is a compass pattern closely related to navigation. Between the denomination number "20" and the transparent window is Rebecca's signature. Back: Reverend Flynn, founder of the Royal Flying Doctor Service in Australia. The aircraft in the background is the Victoria emergency aircraft for flight emergency. Below the plane is the pedal generator used by the mainland rural emergency station to power the transmitter. A digital medical map of human body -- used in rural emergency station to report the injured part of patient to flying doctor by transmitter. On the right is the camel team used by the flying doctor on the tour. Above the plane is Flynn's handwritten signature
[$50]
Aussie $50 positive: Australian Aboriginal writer and inventor David unapen. On the top right is his patent for the invention of shearing tools. At the bottom right is the handwriting of his work legends and legends of the aborigines of Australia. On the left is an Aboriginal couple and a church in unapen's hometown, where he was ecated. Until now, it has always been a place where Australian Aborigines live. Back: Edith Cohen, Australia's first female member of Parliament. On the left is the parliament building of Perth, the capital of Western Australia, where Cohen was the first female member of Parliament in the history of Australia in 1920. On the right is Cohen speaking for the rights of women and children. Behind her is a guardian and her four adopted children
[$100]
Australian $100 front: Australian soprano Melba, with the Queen's Theatre in Sydney in the background and Melba's signature on the left. The background is Melba's tour of Australia in 1902. Back: Sir Monash, an outstanding Australian military general. On the right are the artillery and cavalry in the Hindenburg line that attacked the German army in World War I<
1 Australian Dollar = 5.7299 RMB
the exchange rate data is provided by Hexun finance and economics, updated on July 2, 2010
Australian dollar is the legal tender of the Commonwealth of Australia, which is issued by the Reserve Bank of Australia. At present, there are 5,10,20,50,100 banknotes in circulation in Australia, and 1,2,5,10,20,50 mints, with a carry of 1 Australian dollar equal to 100 (centers)< On February 14, 1966, Australia issued the current currency, the Australian dollar, to replace the old Australian pound in circulation, and stipulated that one Australian dollar is equal to 1.12 US dollars, which can be converted into 0.5 Australian pounds. After the floating exchange rate of the US dollar on August 15, 1971, the Australian dollar began to be linked to the British pound on the 23rd of that month. On December 22, the US dollar depreciated. Australia announced that the gold content of the Australian dollar remained unchanged (i.e. 0.99531g), and the official exchange rate against the US dollar rose to US $1.216, with a fluctuation of 2.25%. On June 23, 1972, with the disintegration of the pound area, the preferential treatment enjoyed by the Australian dollar ended. On September 25, 1974, Australia re implemented the effective exchange rate system, and the Australian dollar was no longer pegged to the US dollar. Instead, it became a package weighted currency link of 20 currencies of Australia's major trading partners, and implemented the managed floating exchange rate system. On November 29, 1976, the effective exchange rate of the Australian dollar depreciated by 17.5%. On December 12, 1983, Australia abolished the effective managed floating exchange rate of the Australian dollar pegged to a package of trade weighted currencies, and implemented free floating, so Australia cancelled all foreign exchange controls. At present, the Australian dollar has become one of the important hard currency and investment tools in the international financial market. The Australian dollar is the sixth largest currency in the world in terms of trading volume in the foreign exchange market; After the US dollar, euro, Japanese yen, British pound and Swiss franc, it accounted for 6% of the total trading volume. Since 2002, after improvement, all notes used in Australia have gum, which is less easy to break, rable and beautiful than before. In addition, various denominations are designed with different characteristics of transparent "window", which is the first country in the world to adopt this new design<
current banknotes
[$5]
Australian dollar 5 [1]; front: Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, Eucalyptus on the left; back: Australian Capitol Hill, with the planning and design of Capitol Hill in the background
[$10]
Australian dollar 10; front: Australian poet Patterson. The background is a group of galloping wild horses and brave knights - this is the scene described in Patterson's long poem "snow river man". On the right, between the denomination number "10" and the transparent window is Patterson's signature, and on the left and right sides below the portrait are Patterson's handwriting, snow river man. The white leaves and words between the portrait and the face number symbolize another famous short poem of Paterson, Matilda. Back: Baroness Gilmore, an Australian poet. In the background is the scene described in Baroness Gilmer's work - a horse caravan carrying wool. In the background is a portrait of Baroness Gilmore in her later years. Between the denomination number "10" and the serial number is Gilmer's signature. The handwriting on the far left is Gilmer's most famous patriotic poem "don't let the enemy snatch our fruit"
[$20]
Australian dollar 20 front: Rebecca, an Australian woman entrepreneur. The sailboat in the background is the "Mercury" operated by Rebecca. The building in the background is Rebecca's warehouse on George Street in Sydney. The pattern in the transparent window is a compass pattern closely related to navigation. Between the denomination number "20" and the transparent window is Rebecca's signature. Back: Reverend Flynn, founder of the Royal Flying Doctor Service in Australia. The aircraft in the background is the Victoria emergency aircraft for flight emergency. Below the plane is the pedal generator used by the mainland rural emergency station to power the transmitter. A digital medical map of human body -- used in rural emergency station to report the injured part of patient to flying doctor by transmitter. On the right is the camel team used by the flying doctor on the tour. Above the plane is Flynn's handwritten signature
[$50]
Aussie $50 positive: Australian Aboriginal writer and inventor David unapen. On the top right is his patent for the invention of shearing tools. At the bottom right is the handwriting of his work legends and legends of the aborigines of Australia. On the left is an Aboriginal couple and a church in unapen's hometown, where he was ecated. Until now, it has always been a place where Australian Aborigines live. Back: Edith Cohen, Australia's first female member of Parliament. On the left is the parliament building of Perth, the capital of Western Australia, where Cohen was the first female member of Parliament in the history of Australia in 1920. On the right is Cohen speaking for the rights of women and children. Behind her is a guardian and her four adopted children
[$100]
Australian $100 front: Australian soprano Melba, with the Queen's Theatre in Sydney in the background and Melba's signature on the left. The background is Melba's tour of Australia in 1902. Back: Sir Monash, an outstanding Australian military general. On the right are the artillery and cavalry in the Hindenburg line that attacked the German army in World War I<
1 Australian Dollar = 5.7299 RMB
the exchange rate data is provided by Hexun finance and economics, updated on July 2, 2010
8. Currency conversion
0.05 Australian Dollar = 0.2309 RMB
Australian Dollar AUD RMB CNY conversion
data are for reference only, and the transaction price at the bank counter shall prevail. Update time: 2015-07-11 14:10
Australian dollar is the monetary unit of Australia, with the symbol of $a. One Australian dollar is 100 cents. The denominations are 1 yuan, 2 yuan, 5 yuan, 10 yuan, 20 yuan and 50 yuan. Another 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 coins. The Australian monetary unit was originally the pound. On February 14, 1966, a new decimal currency yuan was issued to replace the pound.
0.05 Australian Dollar = 0.2309 RMB
Australian Dollar AUD RMB CNY conversion
data are for reference only, and the transaction price at the bank counter shall prevail. Update time: 2015-07-11 14:10
Australian dollar is the monetary unit of Australia, with the symbol of $a. One Australian dollar is 100 cents. The denominations are 1 yuan, 2 yuan, 5 yuan, 10 yuan, 20 yuan and 50 yuan. Another 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 coins. The Australian monetary unit was originally the pound. On February 14, 1966, a new decimal currency yuan was issued to replace the pound.
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