Is virtual money transfer traceable
It is not likely that the public security organ will file a case of virtual currency transaction fraud, because the virtual currency transaction fraud generally involves a large number of people, a wide range, a small amount and strong anonymity
it is difficult for the public security organs to collect evidence and arrest, because most of the information of the Chuangshi operation team of the virtual currency scam is not public and there is no way to collect evidence. Maybe the mastermind will become a victim after being arrested
with the popularity of virtual currency, disputes related to it appear frequently. Recently, the people's Court of Futian District in Shenzhen tried a dispute caused by investment in virtual currency. The court reminded that the investment transaction of virtual currency is not protected by law, and investors should keep sober and rational
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after the judicial organ reviews the criminal cases or civil disputes, it is the beginning stage of litigation activities that the judicial organ decides to list them as litigation cases for investigation or trial. Generally, it includes criminal cases, administrative cases and civil cases
According to the criminal procere law of the people's Republic of China, there are two conditions for filing a case:1
The criminal responsibility should be investigated according to law. If there are criminal facts, but the law stipulates that criminal responsibility should not be investigated, the case shall not be filedunder any of the following circumstances, no criminal responsibility shall be investigated and no case shall be filed; If the case has been investigated, the case shall be annulled, or no prosecution shall be instituted, or acquitted
(1) if the circumstances are obviously minor and the harm is not great, it is not considered a crime (2) the time limit for prosecution has expired (3) exemption from punishment by special amnesty (4) in the case of criminal law, it is a crime to be told, but it is not told or withdrawn (5) the defendant has died (6) other laws and regulations provide for exemption from criminal responsibilityBackground: the financial application of blockchain technology brings high investment value
2018 China international big data instry Expo opened in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province on the 26th. At the meeting, it was pointed out that China will vigorously develop the digital economy in the future, deeply implement the action plan for the development of big data and cloud computing, and deeply study blockchain technology and application. Especially in the field of finance, the landing application has become the focus of the scientific and financial circles
1. The value source of blockchain is that it can perfectly solve the pain points of the current financial instry:
in today's asset securitization, insurance, supply chain finance, commodity trading, asset custody and other financial scenarios, e to many participants, high cost of credit evaluation, low settlement efficiency of intermediary institutions and other reasons, Traditional financial service methods are difficult to effectively solve the long-standing core pain points in the instry, such as information asymmetry, complex and rendant processes, and high information verification cost
2. Why can blockchain solve the above pain points:
blockchain technology integrates many basic technologies, such as distributed accounting, tamper proof, built-in contract, etc., and constructs a trust building mechanism with lower cost. The financial application based on blockchain technology can realize the ability of all market participants to obtain all transaction information and asset ownership records in the market without discrimination, and effectively solve the problem of information asymmetry; Smart contract embedding reces the error rate of payment and settlement, simplifies the process and improves efficiency; At the same time, based on transparent information and brand-new trust mechanism, there is no need to spend manpower, material resources and financial resources to confirm information among participants, which will greatly rece the trust cost between institutions, and then rece the price of financial services and transaction costs
3. The application of blockchain technology in the financial field mainly includes the following aspects:
among which bitcoin is the most famous. On the basis of bitcoin, a large number of other types of decentralized digital currencies have been derived. Such as: the heyday of bits
Compared with the traditional payment system, blockchain payment can directly carry out end-to-end payment for both parties without the help of the banking system, which can greatly improve the speed and rece the cost③ digital bills
④ bank credit management: the advantage of blockchain is that it can rely on program algorithm to automatically record credit related information and store it on every computer in the blockchain network, with transparent information, tamper proof and low cost
The major financial institutions and exchanges in Europe and the United States have explored the application research of building the next generation of financial asset trading platform based on blockchain technology4. The development prospect of blockchain. The future development of blockchain technology will have the most vitality with alliance chain as the entry point, and will have a significant effect and far-reaching impact on the transformation of traditional financial instry pain points
in response to the good investment prospects of blockchain, domestic enterprises such as Alibaba, Jingdong and Netcom have entered the market. The application of financial scenarios based on blockchain technology not only brings us security and convenience, but also provides us with broader investment space. The rise and price surge of digital currency represented by bitcoin (bitcoin was about RMB 20 cents when it was first listed in 2009, and its current price is about US $7300!) It's the best proof that people with a keen sense of smell have made a lot of money from it
Abstract: This is an encrypted digital currency based on the bitcoin developed by Nakamoto Tsung, which improves and adds many new functions, such as the double-layer reward system network, also known as the main node network. It also includes anonymous payment to improve the interchangeability (bitage) and real-time payment function docking to realize real-time transaction confirmation without relying on the authority of the center (P2P mall) In 2009, Nakamoto put forward the concept of bitcoin. Since then, bitcoin has spread rapidly in mainstream applications and commercial uses, becoming the first digital currency to attract a large number of users, which is a milestone in the history of digital currency. However, from the perspective of completing the transaction, we can find an important problem, that is, it takes too long for bitcoin block to confirm the transaction. Traditional payment companies have found a solution to enable the buyer and the seller to realize zero confirmation of bitcoin transaction, but this solution usually requires a trusted third party to complete the transaction outside the agreementbitcoin provides pseudonym transaction, realizes the one-to-one transaction relationship between sender and receiver, and can always record the transactions occurred in the whole network. Bitcoin only provides low-level privacy protection, which is well known in academia. Despite this deficiency, many people still believe in the transfer history recorded by blockchain
based on Nakamoto's achievements, bitshengshi is an encrypted digital currency with the purpose of protecting privacy. We have made a series of improvements on the basis of the concept of bitcoin, resulting in a decentralized cryptocurrency with good anonymity. It supports tamper proof real-time transactions, and has a point-to-point sub network that can provide service reward system for bitsheng network
2. Master node network
the whole node is the server running on the P2P network, so that small nodes can use them to accept the dynamic changes from the whole network. These all nodes need significant traffic and other resources that consume a lot of cost. Therefore, it will be observed that the number of these nodes on the bitcoin network presents a steady downward trend over a period of time, so that the block broadcast time needs an additional 40 seconds. In order to solve this problem, many solutions have been put forward, such as the introction of Microsoft Research's new incentive plan and bitnodes incentive plan
Figure 6: Mining reward model
China does not have the first legal virtual currency. At the end of 2013, the central bank and other five ministries and commissions issued the bitcoin risk notice, which clearly defined bitcoin as a special Internet commodity, and the public can buy and sell it freely on the premise of taking their own risks
other digital confidential currencies are also suitable, such as Laite coin, the ancestor of Shanzhai coin, Fuyuan coin for business points in jewelry instry, dog coin for small reward, etc. But although virtual currency exists legally in our country, it is illegal to cheat under the guise of virtual currency
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as the proct of e-commerce, virtual currency has begun to play an increasingly important role, and it is more and more connected with the real world. However, with the growth of virtual currency, the relevant laws and regulations are lagging behind, which has laid many hidden dangers
fraud
the private transactions of online virtual currency have realized the two-way circulation between virtual currency and RMB to a certain extent. The activity of these traders is to buy all kinds of virtual currencies and procts at a low price, and then sell them at a high price to earn profits. With the increase of such transactions, there are even virtual mints
in addition to the virtual currency provided by the main company, there are also some people who specialize in "virtual coin making" to obtain virtual currency by playing games and then resell it to other players. Take Wenzhou as an example, there are about seven or eight such "virtual mints" with four or five hundred practitioners. This not only creates a bubble for the price of the virtual currency itself, but also causes trouble for the normal sale of the issuing company. It also provides a platform for selling and collecting money and money laundering for various cyber crimes. p>
impact system
in modern financial system, the issuers of money are generally central banks, which are responsible for the management and supervision of money operation. As the equivalent exchange goods used to replace the real currency circulation on the Internet, the virtual currency on the Internet is essentially the same as the real currency. The difference is that the issuers are no longer central banks, but Internet companies
if the development of virtual currency makes it form a unified market, each company can exchange with each other, or virtual currency is integrated and unified, and all of them are based on the same standard and price, then in a sense, virtual currency is currency, which is likely to form a threat impact on the traditional financial system or economic operation
network problems
in addition to direct cash, virtual currency can also be purchased by SMS, internet transfer and fixed telephone recharge. These ways of purchase not only provide convenience for users, but also have many risks
such as embezzlement of telephone recharge and purchase by minors. In addition, virtual currency does not have the anti-counterfeiting technology of real currency. Computer hackers may use its security loopholes to proce counterfeit currency. Relevant personnel of the State Administration for Instry and Commerce said that virtual currency transaction is a business behavior derived from the Internet era, and there are no clear legal provisions to regulate it, and there are no items related to virtual goods transaction in the scope of instrial and commercial registration
but when the virtual property transaction graally employs people, places are fixed, transaction profits are clear, and has the nature of operation, it may involve market order and tax issues. Even game operators have no ability to control. There are a large number of "counterfeit banknote makers" in the network. Take the winger who is mainly engaged in chess and card online games as an example, the purchasing power of his online currency has shrunk by nearly 40% in one year. Many people point out that such inflation will only damage netizens and make them lose confidence in the Internet
reference source : network virtual currency
it's better to stay away from this kind of digital currency. Bitcoin, Leyte coin, doggy coin are normal digital currencies, and these digital currencies also have risks. The digital currency on coin Ying China platform is a kind of asset certificate, which will have fixed dividend income.
1. Different in nature
putting virtual currency on the platform is controlled by the platform, and putting virtual currency on the wallet is controlled by yourself
2. Different security
if the platform fails, the money will be gone, and the virtual coin will be put in the wallet. No matter whether the platform fails or not, the virtual coin will not have any loss
3. Different transactions
virtual currency platform can be sold or traded in public, while virtual currency wallet can only be traded in private
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the risk of virtual currency:
1, model risk
virtual currency is not real currency, there is no central bank behind the total control and macro-control, its value depends entirely on its supply
2, liquidity risk
virtual currency is often e to the lack of market depth, after irrational prosperity thinking or sudden panic, the market price rises and falls sharply, it is difficult to buy or sell at a reasonable price, especially when a large number of funds or a large number of virtual currencies enter the market
3, platform risk
at present, many virtual currency platforms need to deposit funds into the platform to buy or sell. In order to attract investors, some platforms often offer free service charges, but some free platforms are risky
digital currency is a kind of legal tender, which must be issued by the central bank. Both digital gold coin and cryptocurrency belong to digital currency, which is not a network virtual currency, because it is not limited to virtual space, but is often used for real goods and services transactions, such as bitcoin, Wright coin, bitstock, etc. at present, there are thousands of digital currencies issued around the world
in daily use, what are the differences between digital currency and bank transfer payment? According to instry analysis, the digital currency launched by the central bank is a national sovereign currency, which is based on the digital currency of RMB. This is a piece of data generated by a complex algorithm, which contains blockchain and encryption technology, making it unique. The payment of Alipay and WeChat is not digital money, but only based on the payment realized by electronic accounts. Compared with the current pattern of "payment transfer collection" with the help of third-party payment, what digital currency needs to achieve is "decentralization", that is, to cancel the transfer link and directly hand over the money from the payer's account to the payee, so as to rece the payment cost in currency circulation
according to the introction, digital currency has the main characteristics of network packets. This kind of data package is composed of data code and identification code. The data code is the content we need to transmit, while the identification code indicates where the data package comes from and goes. That means every penny is traceable. The "trace" and "traceability" of digital currency can improve the convenience and transparency of economic transactions, and will curb money laundering, tax evasion and other criminal activities. At the same time, with the application of blockchain technology, a national or even global unified account book will be established, so that every sum of money can be traced. Tax evasion and money laundering will be within the scope of supervision, and it is even possible to realize automatic tax dection on the card machine
according to the introction, from the perspective of ordinary consumers, everyone may have two "wallets" in the future. In reality, the money in the wallet is used for emergency payment, while the wallet in the mobile phone can be directly used for consumption and payment without the "second hand" of third-party payment, so as to realize point-to-point payment and effectively rece costs, In theory, it will also change the existing payment system with banks as the main channel
even with digital currency, paper money will not end. There is a long process to launch digital currency, which can not replace paper currency immediately. Digital currency is only a change of form, and the scale of currency issuance is still controlled by the central bank, so the purchasing power of paper money will not be affected in the short term.
in 2014, the central bank interviewed major domestic third-party payment institutions and required them not to provide clearing and payment services for bitcoin trading platforms. Subsequently, China's bitcoin trading platform's online banking recharge, Alipay, money paid and other recharge methods were interrupted. While some transaction platforms take the way of bank transfer to recharge, some develop their own recharge code, buy recharge code to recharge
at present, some domestic platforms also support Alipay recharge and online banking online recharge, and can not mention bitcoin related information in remarks.
since 2013, the well-known virtual currencies include bitcoin, Laite coin, Fuyuan coin, doggy coin, Ruibo coin, etc.
No. Virtual currency with good operation and investment will survive for a long time and will not go bankrupt in a few months, such as bitcoin and internet currency of Internet companies
there are various types of virtual currencies. The virtual currencies with high acceptance abroad are Facebook's f currency, online game second life's Linden currency, etc., while the representative virtual currencies in China are Tencent's Q currency, Sina's u currency, online currency, Shanda Yuanbao, etc
virtual currency is different from check and telegraphic transfer. The value that virtual currency can't realize can't be transferred by bank. At present, it can only circulate in the network world. Virtual currency is released by various network organizations, and there is no unified issuance and management standard
2. The special currency issued by the portal website or instant messaging service provider is used to purchase the services in the website the most widely used is Tencent's q-coin, which can be used to purchase value-added services such as membership and QQ show
3. Virtual currency on the Internet. For example, bitcoin, Wright currency, etc. bitcoin is an electronic currency proced by open-source P2P software. Some people also translate bitcoin as "bitcoin", which is a kind of network virtual currency. It is mainly used for Internet financial investment, and can also be directly used in daily life as a new currency
