News Evening News Swiss bank develops virtual currency

1. In the early morning of September 5, Beijing time, according to the Wall Street Journal, UBS is working on developing a prototype of virtual currency, hoping that banks and financial institutions can use this currency as a settlement method for transactions in mainstream financial markets in the future
however, the "settlement coin" being developed by UBS is different from the digital currency bitcoin, which will be linked with real-world currencies and central bank accounts
this virtual currency will be used to support transactions on institutional financial platforms, which are based on the so-called "blockchain technology", similar to the so-called "distributed ledger" on which bitcoin completes transactions
for example, Swiss bank may have its own platform based on blockchain technology to issue bonds, while another bank may have a stock trading platform based on blockchain technology, but both platforms can use the same "common settlement currency" for settlement
unlike real currency, the "allocated ledger" used in this virtual currency will be verified by a computer network on the Internet, rather than by a centralized authority“ The result of the first use of "allocated ledger" is the creation of bitcoin, a virtual currency linked to money laundering and the online drug market, but it is being used by more and more legitimate businesses and emerging financial services start-ups around the world
in the past 18 months, blockchain technology has increasingly been regarded as a breakthrough trading and settlement method by mainstream financial institutions, which can be used for trading and settlement of real-world financial instruments such as stocks and bonds
UBS is working with clearmatics, a London start-up company, to develop this digital currency, which has developed a software based on blockchain technology to clear and settle financial transactions. Swiss bank executives said they did not plan to issue the digital currency on their own, but wanted to work with other market players, such as asset management companies, regulators and market structure providers such as clearing houses and exchanges, to create an instry wide proct

at present, more and more traditional financial institutions have begun to face bitcoin, especially blockchain technology. In the jewelry instry, Fuyuan coin with the nature of instry business points also appeared. Bitcoin and bitcoin technology will enter thousands of households in the near future.

2. They are different countries.
Sweden
country name: the kingdom of Sweden

Independence Day: June 6 (on June 6, 1809, Sweden adopted the first modern constitution). In 1983, Parliament officially declared June 6 as Sweden's national day.)

National Flag: blue, yellow cross slightly to the left. Blue and yellow come from the colors of the Royal emblem of Sweden

National Emblem: the great power emblem is in the form of a cloak. The Blue Shield decorated with a crown is divided into four parts by the yellow cross: three crowns are painted on the upper left and lower right; On the upper right and lower left are painted Golden Lions with crowns. There is a small shield in the big shield, and the left side is composed of blue, silver, red twill and a gold bottle; On the right is a castle like clock tower and a golden eagle. The blue shield is flanked by Golden Lions and the lower end is decorated with medals. The small national emblem is a blue shield with a crown. The three gold crowns on the shield are the symbol of the kingdom of Sweden, and also Denmark, Sweden and Norway that formed the Kalmar League in those years<

National Anthem: your ancient and glorious northern mountain town

national bird: blackbird (hundred tongue)

National Stone: small (water) crystal

National politician: King Carl XVI Gustaf, who succeeded to the throne in September 1973; Goran Persson, prime minister, took office in March 1996 and was re elected in October 2002

Physical Geography: it is located in the east of Scandinavia. It borders Finland in the northeast, Norway in the West and northwest, the Baltic Sea in the East and the North Sea in the southwest, with a territorial area of 449900 square kilometers (excluding the territorial sea area). The coastline is about 2181 km long. The terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast. In the north is the Norland plateau, and the highest peak in the country, khbnekese, is 2123 meters above sea level. In the South and coastal areas, it is mostly plain or hilly. The main rivers are Yota River, Dahr River and wengman river. There are many lakes, about 92000. The largest lake venain covers an area of 5585 square kilometers, ranking third in Europe. About 15% of the land is in the Arctic Circle, but affected by the Atlantic warm current, it is not too cold in winter. Most areas are temperate coniferous forest climate, and the southernmost part is temperate broad-leaved forest climate

population: 8.909 million (at the end of 2001). 90% of them are Swedes (descendants of Germanic nationality), and there are more than 1 million foreign immigrants and their descendants (52.6% of them are expatriates). The Sami people in the north are the only ethnic minority, with about 10000 people. The official language is Swedish. 90% of the people believe in Lutheran<

capital: Stockholm, with an urban population of 750000 (early 2000)<

administrative divisions: the country is divided into 21 provinces: brackinger Province, dalana Province, yefleborg Province, godland Province, Haran Province, yemtland Province, yenshepping Province, Kalma Province, krunubery Province, North boten Province, erbulu Province, East yotland Province, skonai Province, South manland Province, Stockholm Province, Uppsala Province, wemland Province, West boten province, West nolland, West manland, West yotland

brief history: the nation began to form around 1100 A.D. It annexed Finland in 1157. In 1397, he formed a Kalma alliance with Denmark and Norway and was ruled by Denmark. He broke away from the Union and became independent in 1523. In the same year, Gustav vasa was elected king. From 1654 to 1719, Sweden was strong. Its territory included Finland, Estonia, Latvian, Lithuanian, Russia, Poland and Germany along the Baltic Sea. After the defeat against Russia, Denmark and Poland in 1718, it graally declined. He took part in the Napoleonic War in 1805 and was forced to cede Finland after losing to Russia in 1809. In 1814, he obtained Norway from Denmark and formed an alliance with Norway. In 1905, Norway became independent from the union. Sweden was neutral in both world wars<

Politics: the current constitution consists of three basic laws: the government code (enacted in 1809 and revised in 1974), the law of succession to the throne (enacted in 1810 and revised in 1979) and the law of freedom of the press (enacted in 1949), in addition to the organic law of Parliament (enacted in 1866 and revised in 1974). The Constitution stipulates that Sweden has a constitutional monarchy. The king is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. As a symbol of the state, he only performs representative or ceremonial ties and cannot interfere in the work of Parliament and government. Parliament is the only legislative body in the country and is elected by universal suffrage. The government is the highest executive organ of the country and is responsible to the parliament. The eldest child of the king is the heir to the throne. Parliament is a unicameral system

Economy: Sweden implements the combination of developed private instry and Commerce and relatively perfect state-owned public service sector; Mixed economy;, It is famous for its high salary, high tax and high welfare. Forest, iron ore and water power are the three natural resources in Sweden. On this basis, four traditional instrial systems of mining and metallurgy, forestry and papermaking, electric power and machinery manufacturing have been developed and formed. As a country rich in timber, iron ore and water resources, Sweden focuses on the development of export-oriented instrialized economy. Instry plays a very important role in the national economy. 82% of the instrial procts are exported to foreign countries. After the mid-1970s, significant changes have taken place in Swedish instrial structure. Sweden has increased its efforts and investment in scientific research and development. The high-tech instry has developed rapidly. The fields of transportation, communication, medicine and health care, information and environmental protection have strong competitiveness in the world. The steel and wood processing instry, once the main export sector of Sweden, has been graally replaced by mechanical manufacturing, electronic precision instruments and automobile instries. Shipbuilding, textile and other instries are declining day by day. The government has provided a large amount of funds for subsidies, reorganization or nationalization. Metalworking and machine building are the most important instries in Sweden. Sweden's mechanical procts have the characteristics of precision, rability and high level of technology. Ball bearings, refrigeration equipment and other traditional procts enjoy a high reputation in the international market. Iron and steel instry is one of the instries with a long history. The chemical instry is one of the main instries in Sweden. Within the chemical instry, petrochemical and petroleum refining are the most prominent. Plastics, chemical fibers, pharmaceuticals and chemical fertilizers have also made great progress. After the war, the automobile instry developed rapidly, procing not only cars but also trucks. One third of car proction goes to the United States. Energy instry plays a very important role in Swedish economy. Sweden is a high energy consuming country with developed instry, energy intensive enterprises, long winter and long transportation lines. The average annual power consumption per capita is about 13000 kwh. Sweden's agriculture and service instry are also relatively developed. Sweden's economy mainly relies on foreign trade and advocates open market and free trade. Sweden's main export procts are: Automobile and transportation equipment, machinery and instruments, electronic procts, wood pulp and paper, pharmaceutical and chemical instry, steel and metal procts. More than 60% of Sweden's imported goods are components and raw materials of the manufacturing instry, mainly including electronic procts, machinery and instruments, automobile and transportation equipment, food, textiles and footwear

culture: 9-year compulsory free ecation. Famous universities include Stockholm University, Uppsala University, Lund University, Royal Institute of technology, Stockholm business school, etc. Swedes have high cultural quality, warm hospitality, simple honesty, civilized speech, good behavior and punctuality. Swedes attach great importance to environmental protection, love flowers, birds and other wild creatures, and love nature. Employees are entitled to five weeks of statutory paid leave every year, five days a week, and 15000 hours a year. People like to use their leisure time to do outdoor activities, go hiking in forests and fields, pick wild fruits and mushrooms, go swimming, boating and fishing in the sea lake; In the summer with long days and short nights, people travel to China and abroad one after another. Sweden has become one of the countries with the largest number of tourists in the world. Sports is a Swedish hobby. According to a survey released by the University of Gothenburg on June 24, 2002, the Internet has surpassed traditional newspapers and become a more popular media in Sweden. According to the sample survey, the average Swedes spend 23 minutes browsing the Internet every day and night, while the Swedes spend 21 minutes reading daily newspapers, only 8 minutes reading evening newspapers, 2 hours listening to radio and 45 minutes watching TV, respectively. The survey shows that women prefer to listen to radio and read books; Men tend to watch TV news, video and evening news. People with higher ecation are more willing to surf the Internet, read books and read professional magazines; The less ecated are more likely to watch TV, listen to radio and read evening papers

military: Sweden's total military strength is about 65000, civilian personnel is about 20000, and 850000 can be mobilized in wartime. In September 2004, Swedish Defense Minister bjoklund issued a statement saying that Sweden used to take the prevention of invasion from the former Soviet bloc as the focus of national defense, but this threat no longer exists. The focus now is on dealing with international crises and defending national territorial integrity<

places of interest: Nobel & 39; S house is located in the birch villa of karskuga city in central Sweden, more than 200 kilometers away from Stockholm. This is a milky white two-story building. The green lawn in front of the building and the birch forest around it complement each other. The environment is quiet. In 1894, Alfred Nobel returned to his motherland after his wandering abroad, where he spent most of the last two years of his life. Because the old residence where he was born in Stockholm has now been built, birch villa has become the only intact Nobel's former residence today. Since the founding of the memorial in 1975, it has become a tourist attraction and the center of Nobel academic activities. The Nobel Symposium is held here every year. Famous scientists from all over the world come together to discuss new topics in the field of science and Nobel's academic thought of "benefiting mankind". In the memorial hall, there are photos of Nobel's activities before his death, patents for various technological inventions he obtained, gold medals and wills. Nobel's bedroom furnishings are very simple, only a few of the most necessary furniture, such as bed, table and wardrobe, while all kinds of instruments and equipment in his laboratory are dazzling. Nobel was born on October 21, 1833. He won the reputation of "dynamite king" for his invention of nitroglycerin detonator, detonator, nitroglycerin solid explosive and colloidal explosive. He died on December 10, 1896. He was 63 years old. According to his will, part of his legacy, equivalent to 9.2 million US dollars, will be used as a fund to reward scientists who benefit mankind. With the interest of the fund, there are five kinds of prizes: Physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace. They are awarded once a year on the day of Nobel's death, which is called the Nobel Prize

the Royal Palace of Sweden is the place where the king's office and celebrations are held. It is a major tourist attraction in Stockholm. Located in the heart of Stockholm. Built in the 17th century, it is the work of the famous Swedish architect triar. The main entrance is divided by two stone lions on both sides. Two guards with red Tassels and medieval costumes stand up with guns, which is very powerful. There are many exquisite reliefs on the four walls of the palace, with a large courtyard in the middle. The Royal Palace church and the national hall in the South half of the palace and the banquet hall in the north half of the palace still keep the original style

3. It's not the same place. They are different countries<

Sweden
country name: the kingdom of Sweden

Independence Day: June 6 (on June 6, 1809, Sweden adopted the first modern constitution). In 1983, Parliament officially declared June 6 as Sweden's national day.)

National Flag: blue, yellow cross slightly to the left. Blue and yellow come from the colors of the Royal emblem of Sweden

National Emblem: the great power emblem is in the form of a cloak. The Blue Shield decorated with a crown is divided into four parts by the yellow cross: three crowns are painted on the upper left and lower right; On the upper right and lower left are painted Golden Lions with crowns. There is a small shield in the big shield, and the left side is composed of blue, silver, red twill and a gold bottle; On the right is a castle like clock tower and a golden eagle. The blue shield is flanked by Golden Lions and the lower end is decorated with medals. The small national emblem is a blue shield with a crown. The three gold crowns on the shield are the symbol of the kingdom of Sweden, and also Denmark, Sweden and Norway that formed the Kalmar League in those years<

National Anthem: your ancient and glorious northern mountain town

national bird: blackbird (hundred tongue)

National Stone: small (water) crystal

National politician: King Carl XVI Gustaf, who succeeded to the throne in September 1973; Goran Persson, prime minister, took office in March 1996 and was re elected in October 2002

Physical Geography: it is located in the east of Scandinavia. It borders Finland in the northeast, Norway in the West and northwest, the Baltic Sea in the East and the North Sea in the southwest, with a territorial area of 449900 square kilometers (excluding the territorial sea area). The coastline is about 2181 km long. The terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast. In the north is the Norland plateau, and the highest peak in the country, khbnekese, is 2123 meters above sea level. In the South and coastal areas, it is mostly plain or hilly. The main rivers are Yota River, Dahr River and wengman river. There are many lakes, about 92000. The largest lake venain covers an area of 5585 square kilometers, ranking third in Europe. About 15% of the land is in the Arctic Circle, but affected by the Atlantic warm current, it is not too cold in winter. Most areas are temperate coniferous forest climate, and the southernmost part is temperate broad-leaved forest climate

population: 8.909 million (at the end of 2001). 90% of them are Swedes (descendants of Germanic nationality), and there are more than 1 million foreign immigrants and their descendants (52.6% of them are expatriates). The Sami people in the north are the only ethnic minority, with about 10000 people. The official language is Swedish. 90% of the people believe in Lutheran<

capital: Stockholm, with an urban population of 750000 (early 2000)<

administrative divisions: the country is divided into 21 provinces: brackinger Province, dalana Province, yefleborg Province, godland Province, Haran Province, yemtland Province, yenshepping Province, Kalma Province, krunubery Province, North boten Province, erbulu Province, East yotland Province, skonai Province, South manland Province, Stockholm Province, Uppsala Province, wemland Province, West boten province, West nolland, West manland, West yotland

brief history: the nation began to form around 1100 A.D. It annexed Finland in 1157. In 1397, he formed a Kalma alliance with Denmark and Norway and was ruled by Denmark. He broke away from the Union and became independent in 1523. In the same year, Gustav vasa was elected king. From 1654 to 1719, Sweden was strong. Its territory included Finland, Estonia, Latvian, Lithuanian, Russia, Poland and Germany along the Baltic Sea. After the defeat against Russia, Denmark and Poland in 1718, it graally declined. He took part in the Napoleonic War in 1805 and was forced to cede Finland after losing to Russia in 1809. In 1814, he obtained Norway from Denmark and formed an alliance with Norway. In 1905, Norway became independent from the union. Sweden was neutral in both world wars<

Politics: the current constitution consists of three basic laws: the government code (enacted in 1809 and revised in 1974), the law of succession to the throne (enacted in 1810 and revised in 1979) and the law of freedom of the press (enacted in 1949), in addition to the organic law of Parliament (enacted in 1866 and revised in 1974). The Constitution stipulates that Sweden has a constitutional monarchy. The king is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. As a symbol of the state, he only performs representative or ceremonial ties and cannot interfere in the work of Parliament and government. Parliament is the only legislative body in the country and is elected by universal suffrage. The government is the highest executive organ of the country and is responsible to the parliament. The eldest child of the king is the heir to the throne. Parliament is a unicameral system

Economy: Sweden implements the combination of developed private instry and Commerce and relatively perfect state-owned public service sector; Mixed economy;, It is famous for its high salary, high tax and high welfare. Forest, iron ore and water power are the three natural resources in Sweden. On this basis, four traditional instrial systems of mining and metallurgy, forestry and papermaking, electric power and machinery manufacturing have been developed and formed. As a country rich in timber, iron ore and water resources, Sweden focuses on the development of export-oriented instrialized economy. Instry plays a very important role in the national economy. 82% of the instrial procts are exported to foreign countries. After the mid-1970s, significant changes have taken place in Swedish instrial structure. Sweden has increased its efforts and investment in scientific research and development. The high-tech instry has developed rapidly. The fields of transportation, communication, medicine and health care, information and environmental protection have strong competitiveness in the world. The steel and wood processing instry, once the main export sector of Sweden, has been graally replaced by mechanical manufacturing, electronic precision instruments and automobile instries. Shipbuilding, textile and other instries are declining day by day. The government has provided a large amount of funds for subsidies, reorganization or nationalization. Metalworking and machine building are the most important instries in Sweden. Sweden's mechanical procts have the characteristics of precision, rability and high level of technology. Ball bearings, refrigeration equipment and other traditional procts enjoy a high reputation in the international market. Iron and steel instry is one of the instries with a long history. The chemical instry is one of the main instries in Sweden. Within the chemical instry, petrochemical and petroleum refining are the most prominent. Plastics, chemical fibers, pharmaceuticals and chemical fertilizers have also made great progress. After the war, the automobile instry developed rapidly, procing not only cars but also trucks. One third of car proction goes to the United States. Energy instry plays a very important role in Swedish economy. Sweden is a high energy consuming country with developed instry, energy intensive enterprises, long winter and long transportation lines. The average annual power consumption per capita is about 13000 kwh. Sweden's agriculture and service instry are also relatively developed. Sweden's economy mainly relies on foreign trade and advocates open market and free trade. Sweden's main export procts are: Automobile and transportation equipment, machinery and instruments, electronic procts, wood pulp and paper, pharmaceutical and chemical instry, steel and metal procts. More than 60% of Sweden's imported goods are components and raw materials of the manufacturing instry, mainly including electronic procts, machinery and instruments, automobile and transportation equipment, food, textiles and footwear

culture: 9-year compulsory free ecation. Famous universities include Stockholm University, Uppsala University, Lund University, Royal Institute of technology, Stockholm business school, etc. Swedes have high cultural quality, warm hospitality, simple honesty, civilized speech, good behavior and punctuality. Swedes attach great importance to environmental protection, love flowers, birds and other wild creatures, and love nature. Employees are entitled to five weeks of statutory paid leave every year, five days a week, and 15000 hours a year. People like to use their leisure time to do outdoor activities, go hiking in forests and fields, pick wild fruits and mushrooms, go swimming, boating and fishing in the sea lake; In the summer with long days and short nights, people travel to China and abroad one after another. Sweden has become one of the countries with the largest number of tourists in the world. Sports is a Swedish hobby. According to a survey released by the University of Gothenburg on June 24, 2002, the Internet has surpassed traditional newspapers and become a more popular media in Sweden. According to the sample survey, the average Swedes spend 23 minutes browsing the Internet every day and night, while the Swedes spend 21 minutes reading daily newspapers, only 8 minutes reading evening newspapers, 2 hours listening to radio and 45 minutes watching TV, respectively. The survey shows that women prefer to listen to radio and read books; Men tend to watch TV news, video and evening news. People with higher ecation are more willing to surf the Internet, read books and read professional magazines; The less ecated are more likely to watch TV, listen to radio and read evening papers

military: Sweden's total military strength is about 65000, civilian personnel is about 20000, and 850000 can be mobilized in wartime. In September 2004, Swedish Defense Minister bjoklund issued a statement saying that Sweden used to take the prevention of invasion from the former Soviet bloc as the focus of national defense, but this threat no longer exists. The focus now is on dealing with international crises and defending national territorial integrity<

places of interest: Nobel & 39; S house is located in the birch villa of karskuga city in central Sweden, more than 200 kilometers away from Stockholm. This is a milky white two-story building. The green lawn in front of the building and the birch forest around it complement each other. The environment is quiet. In 1894, Alfred Nobel returned to his motherland after his wandering abroad, where he spent most of the last two years of his life. Because the old residence where he was born in Stockholm has now been built, birch villa has become the only intact Nobel's former residence today. Since the founding of the memorial in 1975, it has become a tourist attraction and the center of Nobel academic activities. The Nobel Symposium is held here every year. Famous scientists from all over the world come together to discuss new topics in the field of science and Nobel's academic thought of "benefiting mankind". In the memorial hall, there are photos of Nobel's activities before his death, patents for various technological inventions he obtained, gold medals and wills. Nobel's bedroom furnishings are very simple, only a few of the most necessary furniture, such as bed, table and wardrobe, while all kinds of instruments and equipment in his laboratory are dazzling. Nobel was born on October 21, 1833. He won the reputation of "dynamite king" for his invention of nitroglycerin detonator, detonator, nitroglycerin solid explosive and colloidal explosive. He died on December 10, 1896. He was 63 years old. According to his will, part of his legacy, equivalent to 9.2 million US dollars, will be used as a fund to reward scientists who benefit mankind. With the interest of the fund, there are five kinds of prizes: Physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace. They are awarded once a year on the day of Nobel's death, which is called the Nobel Prize

the Royal Palace of Sweden is the place where the king's office and celebrations are held. It is a major tourist attraction in Stockholm. Located in the heart of Stockholm. Built in the 17th century, it is the work of the famous Swedish architect triar. The main entrance is divided by two stone lions on both sides. Two guards with red Tassels and medieval costumes stand up with guns, which is very powerful. There are many exquisite reliefs on the four walls of the palace, with a large courtyard in the middle. The palace church and the national hall in the South half of the palace and the palace in the north half of the palace

4. Overview of Sweden

country name: the kingdom of Sweden

Independence Day: June 6 (on June 6, 1809, Sweden adopted the first modern constitution). In 1983, Parliament officially declared June 6 as Sweden's national day.)

National Flag: blue, yellow cross slightly to the left. Blue and yellow come from the colors of the Royal emblem of Sweden

National Emblem: the great power emblem is in the form of a cloak. The Blue Shield decorated with a crown is divided into four parts by the yellow cross: three crowns are painted on the upper left and lower right; On the upper right and lower left are painted Golden Lions with crowns. There is a small shield in the big shield, and the left side is composed of blue, silver, red twill and a gold bottle; On the right is a castle like clock tower and a golden eagle. The blue shield is flanked by Golden Lions and the lower end is decorated with medals. The small national emblem is a blue shield with a crown. The three gold crowns on the shield are the symbol of the kingdom of Sweden, and also Denmark, Sweden and Norway that formed the Kalmar League in those years<

National Anthem: your ancient and glorious northern mountain town

national bird: blackbird (hundred tongue)

National Stone: small (water) crystal

National politician: King Carl XVI Gustaf, who succeeded to the throne in September 1973; Goran Persson, prime minister, took office in March 1996 and was re elected in October 2002

Physical Geography: it is located in the east of Scandinavia. It borders Finland in the northeast, Norway in the West and northwest, the Baltic Sea in the East and the North Sea in the southwest, with a territorial area of 449900 square kilometers (excluding the territorial sea area). The coastline is about 2181 km long. The terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast. In the north is the Norland plateau, and the highest peak in the country, khbnekese, is 2123 meters above sea level. In the South and coastal areas, it is mostly plain or hilly. The main rivers are Yota River, Dahr River and wengman river. There are many lakes, about 92000. The largest lake venain covers an area of 5585 square kilometers, ranking third in Europe. About 15% of the land is in the Arctic Circle, but affected by the Atlantic warm current, it is not too cold in winter. Most areas are temperate coniferous forest climate, and the southernmost part is temperate broad-leaved forest climate

population: 8.909 million (at the end of 2001). 90% of them are Swedes (descendants of Germanic nationality), and there are more than 1 million foreign immigrants and their descendants (52.6% of them are expatriates). The Sami people in the north are the only ethnic minority, with about 10000 people. The official language is Swedish. 90% of the people believe in Lutheran<

capital: Stockholm, with an urban population of 750000 (early 2000)

administrative divisions: the country is divided into five provinces and one autonomous region: South Finland, East Finland, West Finland, olu, Rabbi and OLAM autonomous region<

a bronze sculpture entitled "no violence" on Seger street in central Stockholm. It annexed Finland in 1157. In 1397, he formed a Kalma alliance with Denmark and Norway and was ruled by Denmark. He broke away from the Union and became independent in 1523. In the same year, Gustav vasa was elected king. From 1654 to 1719, Sweden was strong. Its territory included Finland, Estonia, Latvian, Lithuanian, Russia, Poland and Germany along the Baltic Sea. After the defeat against Russia, Denmark and Poland in 1718, it graally declined. He took part in the Napoleonic War in 1805 and was forced to cede Finland after losing to Russia in 1809. In 1814, he obtained Norway from Denmark and formed an alliance with Norway. In 1905, Norway became independent from the union. Sweden was neutral in both world wars<

Swedish Navy female servicemen

Politics: the current constitution is composed of three basic laws: the government code (enacted in 1809, revised in 1974), the succession to the throne law (enacted in 1810, revised in 1979) and the freedom of the press law (enacted in 1949), in addition to the parliamentary Organic Law (enacted in 1866, revised in 1974). The Constitution stipulates that Sweden has a constitutional monarchy. The king is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. As a symbol of the state, he only performs representative or ceremonial ties and cannot interfere in the work of Parliament and government. Parliament is the only legislative body in the country and is elected by universal suffrage. The government is the highest executive organ of the country and is responsible to the parliament. The eldest child of the king is the heir to the throne. Parliament is a unicameral system

Economy: Sweden implements the combination of developed private instry and Commerce and relatively perfect state-owned public service sector; Mixed economy;, It is famous for its high salary, high tax and high welfare. Forest, iron ore and water power are the three natural resources in Sweden. On this basis, four traditional instrial systems of mining and metallurgy, forestry and papermaking, electric power and machinery manufacturing have been developed and formed. As a country rich in timber, iron ore and water resources, Sweden focuses on the development of export-oriented instrialized economy. Instry plays a very important role in the national economy. 82% of the instrial procts are exported to foreign countries. After the mid-1970s, significant changes have taken place in Swedish instrial structure. Sweden has increased its efforts and investment in scientific research and development. The high-tech instry has developed rapidly. The fields of transportation, communication, medicine and health care, information and environmental protection have strong competitiveness in the world. The steel and wood processing instry, once the main export sector of Sweden, has been graally replaced by mechanical manufacturing, electronic precision instruments and automobile instries. Shipbuilding, textile and other instries are declining day by day. The government has provided a large amount of funds for subsidies, reorganization or nationalization. Metalworking and machine building are the most important instries in Sweden. Swedish mechanical procts are characterized by precision, rability and high level of technology

people shop in a Christmas market in Stockholm
this Christmas market has a history of hundreds of years, and it still has a medieval style. Before Christmas every year, not only local residents come to shopping, but also many tourists come to appreciate the charm of this ancient market< br />
Ball bearings, refrigeration equipment and other traditional procts enjoy a high reputation in the international market. Iron and steel instry is one of the instries with a long history. The chemical instry is one of the main instries in Sweden. Within the chemical instry, petrochemical and petroleum refining are the most prominent. Plastics, chemical fibers, pharmaceuticals and chemical fertilizers have also made great progress. After the war, the automobile instry developed rapidly, procing not only cars but also trucks. One third of car proction goes to the United States. Energy instry plays a very important role in Swedish economy. Sweden is a high energy consuming country with developed instry, energy intensive enterprises, long winter and long transportation lines. The average annual power consumption per capita is about 13000 kwh. Sweden's agriculture and service instry are also relatively developed. Sweden's economy mainly relies on foreign trade and advocates open market and free trade. Sweden's main export procts are: Automobile and transportation equipment, machinery and instruments, electronic procts, wood pulp and paper, pharmaceutical and chemical instry, steel and metal procts. More than 60% of Sweden's imported goods are components and raw materials of the manufacturing instry, mainly including electronic procts, machinery and instruments, automobile and transportation equipment, food, textiles and footwear<

reindeer sleigh

culture: 9-year compulsory free ecation. Famous universities include Stockholm University, Uppsala University, Lund University, Royal Institute of technology, Stockholm business school, etc. Swedes have high cultural quality, warm hospitality, simple honesty, civilized speech, good behavior and punctuality. Swedes attach great importance to environmental protection, love flowers, birds and other wild creatures, and love nature. Employees are entitled to five weeks of statutory paid leave every year, five days a week, and 15000 hours a year. People like to use their leisure time to do outdoor activities, go hiking in forests and fields, pick wild fruits and mushrooms, go swimming, boating and fishing in the sea lake; In the summer with long days and short nights, people travel to China and abroad one after another. Sweden has become one of the countries with the largest number of tourists in the world. Sports is a Swedish hobby. According to a survey released by the University of Gothenburg on June 24, 2002, the Internet has surpassed traditional newspapers and become a more popular media in Sweden. According to the sample survey, the average Swedes spend 23 minutes browsing the Internet every day and night, while the Swedes spend 21 minutes reading daily newspapers, only 8 minutes reading evening newspapers, 2 hours listening to radio and 45 minutes watching TV, respectively. The survey shows that women prefer to listen to radio and read books; Men tend to watch TV news, video and evening news. People with higher ecation are more willing to surf the Internet, read books and read professional magazines; The less ecated are more likely to watch TV, listen to radio and read evening papers

military: Sweden's total military strength is about 65000, civilian personnel is about 20000, and 850000 can be mobilized in wartime. In September 2004, Swedish Defense Minister bjoklund issued a statement saying that Sweden used to take the prevention of invasion from the former Soviet bloc as the focus of national defense, but this threat no longer exists. The focus now is on dealing with international crises and defending national territorial integrity<

places of interest: Nobel & 39; S house is located in the birch villa of karskuga city in central Sweden, more than 200 kilometers away from Stockholm. This is a milky white two-story building. The green lawn in front of the building and the birch forest around it complement each other. The environment is quiet. In 1894, Alfred Nobel returned to his motherland after his wandering abroad, where he spent most of the last two years of his life. Because the old residence where he was born in Stockholm has now been built, birch villa has become the only intact Nobel's former residence today. Since the founding of the memorial in 1975, it has become a tourist attraction and the center of Nobel academic activities. The Nobel Symposium is held here every year. Famous scientists from all over the world come together to discuss new topics in the field of science and Nobel's academic thought of "benefiting mankind". In the memorial hall, there are photos of Nobel's activities before his death, patents for various technological inventions he obtained, gold medals and wills. Nobel's bedroom furnishings are very simple, only a few of the most necessary furniture, such as bed, table and wardrobe, while all kinds of instruments and equipment in his laboratory are dazzling. Nobel was born on October 21, 1833. He won the reputation of "dynamite king" for his invention of nitroglycerin detonator, detonator, nitroglycerin solid explosive and colloidal explosive. He died on December 10, 1896. He was 63 years old. According to his will, part of his legacy, equivalent to 9.2 million US dollars, will be used as a fund to reward scientists who benefit mankind. With the interest of the fund, there are five kinds of prizes: Physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace. They are awarded once a year on the day of Nobel's death, which is called the Nobel Prize

the Royal Palace of Sweden is the place where the king's office and celebrations are held. It is a major tourist attraction in Stockholm. Located in the heart of Stockholm. Built in the 17th century, it is the work of the famous Swedish architect triar. The main entrance is divided by two stone lions with red tassels on their heads