Virtual currency has circulation means
Publish: 2021-04-25 13:34:46
1. Understanding of the concept of virtual currency
(1) virtual currency based on entity
since ancient times, all "money" made of paper is called paper currency, and all countries in the world are actually paper currency. In Marx's time, paper money was only a symbol of metal money. The actual gold content of paper money was equal to the nominal gold content. When the nominal gold content was greater than the actual gold content, the price index of metal money would increase because of too many paper money. When it exceeded a certain limit, inflation would occur. Marx called these over issued bank notes without gold as guarantee virtual currency. In Keynesian era, paper money was the symbol of GDP. He defined the issue of paper money caused by making up the fiscal deficit as deficit money, and believed that the issue of paper deficit money could promote the development of proction to a certain extent, but only cause half inflation. Zhang chunjia's research in "Introction to virtual currency" also proves that paper money without precious metal and GDP guarantee will cause price rise, and this kind of money is called virtual currency
(2) virtual currency based on virtual
virtual currency is a new type of currency emerging at a certain stage of network social and economic development to meet the security and convenience needs of users. It represents the development direction of future currency existence form. It comes from the Internet, and acts as a general equivalent in the network society completely or partially. Virtual currency is a real currency with the basic attributes of currency, but it is virtual and depends on the network virtual environment. Virtual currency is born without borders, which makes it more liquid than traditional currency in the world. Virtual world corresponds to the real world. Through the exchange relationship between virtual currency and traditional currency, under certain conditions, specific virtual currency can buy physical goods, and traditional currency can also buy specific virtual goods< Second, the characteristics of virtual currency
1. Value: users get utility value by consuming the procts and services provided by operators. Virtual currency has value by providing exchange to meet the utility of consumers. The quantity of virtual currency measures the value of general goods. The issue essence of virtual currency is credit issue, which is the creditor's right of the holder to the issuer. To a certain extent, the value of this kind of claim is the right of claim
2. Virtual environment dependence. The existence of virtual currency is based on the virtual economic environment provided by the issuers and the sustainable operation of the issuers themselves. Otherwise, virtual currency has no significance.
3. Short sighted currency. As the highest price in the process of commodity exchange, the form of currency value can be regarded as the real currency. Because of the limitation of circulation scope, virtual currency can not be used as the general equivalent of all commodities; But in a certain range, it has the function of monetary value scale and circulation means. Therefore, it can be considered that virtual currency is similar to the form of money value, and it is a primary form of money, which is similar to money< The issue and circulation of virtual money is limited, but it will enlarge the money supply through the money multiplier effect, and affect the difficulty and accuracy of macroeconomic regulation and control. The issuers of virtual money need to report their circulation and circulation to the central bank, and obey the unified management of the central bank at any time
5. Virtual currency, which is issued by non-financial entities outside the financial system, aims to obtain business opportunities and competitive advantages. It is a market behavior and will inevitably lead to competition among issuers. This kind of competition will proce unfair competition behavior or obtain competitive advantage through rent-seeking, which determines the need to regulate the market behavior of the market subject according to the laws and regulations
6. Virtuality: as a kind of approximate currency, virtual currency is virtual existence if it only exists in the virtual world and can purchase the virtual property in it; If it is linked with sovereign currency, it can exist in the real world and purchase real assets, then it is a virtual thing of sovereign currency. Virtual currency is actually a series of data files existing in the computer system. It has the meaning of virtual currency only after the issuers explain the system. Therefore, the existence form of virtual currency is virtual< In general, virtual currency can purchase the procts and services provided by the issuers, and it can also be exchanged with the issuers outside the scope of issuance at a certain rate to purchase the procts of the alliance. For procts outside the alliance, virtual currency has no value significance; Similarly, when virtual currency is only authorized to buy different procts in different sales cycles, the use of virtual currency has limited application in time and scope, unlike sovereign currency, which can be completely freely exchanged
8. Separability: virtual currency has no physical form and is a digital storage information. Unlike traditional paper currency, it needs to consider the balance relationship between the circulation of main currency and subsidiary currency and the proportion of various currency values. It can be split infinitely. For example, although the total number of dark coins is only 2300, each bitcoin can be split into eight directions of ten< Although virtual currency exists in the virtual world, the process of new technological revolution has closely linked the virtual world with reality, and the virtual world has become an important part of people's spiritual life. It can promote the development of real economy, for example, a large number of entertainment application projects provide people with rich spiritual wealth and real wealth, and more and more people invest in virtual currency, which represents a trend, and the more successful ones are bitcoin, Leyte coin and the new domestic King coin; On the contrary, money laundering, gambling and network theft in the virtual world will have a negative effect on the real economy.
(1) virtual currency based on entity
since ancient times, all "money" made of paper is called paper currency, and all countries in the world are actually paper currency. In Marx's time, paper money was only a symbol of metal money. The actual gold content of paper money was equal to the nominal gold content. When the nominal gold content was greater than the actual gold content, the price index of metal money would increase because of too many paper money. When it exceeded a certain limit, inflation would occur. Marx called these over issued bank notes without gold as guarantee virtual currency. In Keynesian era, paper money was the symbol of GDP. He defined the issue of paper money caused by making up the fiscal deficit as deficit money, and believed that the issue of paper deficit money could promote the development of proction to a certain extent, but only cause half inflation. Zhang chunjia's research in "Introction to virtual currency" also proves that paper money without precious metal and GDP guarantee will cause price rise, and this kind of money is called virtual currency
(2) virtual currency based on virtual
virtual currency is a new type of currency emerging at a certain stage of network social and economic development to meet the security and convenience needs of users. It represents the development direction of future currency existence form. It comes from the Internet, and acts as a general equivalent in the network society completely or partially. Virtual currency is a real currency with the basic attributes of currency, but it is virtual and depends on the network virtual environment. Virtual currency is born without borders, which makes it more liquid than traditional currency in the world. Virtual world corresponds to the real world. Through the exchange relationship between virtual currency and traditional currency, under certain conditions, specific virtual currency can buy physical goods, and traditional currency can also buy specific virtual goods< Second, the characteristics of virtual currency
1. Value: users get utility value by consuming the procts and services provided by operators. Virtual currency has value by providing exchange to meet the utility of consumers. The quantity of virtual currency measures the value of general goods. The issue essence of virtual currency is credit issue, which is the creditor's right of the holder to the issuer. To a certain extent, the value of this kind of claim is the right of claim
2. Virtual environment dependence. The existence of virtual currency is based on the virtual economic environment provided by the issuers and the sustainable operation of the issuers themselves. Otherwise, virtual currency has no significance.
3. Short sighted currency. As the highest price in the process of commodity exchange, the form of currency value can be regarded as the real currency. Because of the limitation of circulation scope, virtual currency can not be used as the general equivalent of all commodities; But in a certain range, it has the function of monetary value scale and circulation means. Therefore, it can be considered that virtual currency is similar to the form of money value, and it is a primary form of money, which is similar to money< The issue and circulation of virtual money is limited, but it will enlarge the money supply through the money multiplier effect, and affect the difficulty and accuracy of macroeconomic regulation and control. The issuers of virtual money need to report their circulation and circulation to the central bank, and obey the unified management of the central bank at any time
5. Virtual currency, which is issued by non-financial entities outside the financial system, aims to obtain business opportunities and competitive advantages. It is a market behavior and will inevitably lead to competition among issuers. This kind of competition will proce unfair competition behavior or obtain competitive advantage through rent-seeking, which determines the need to regulate the market behavior of the market subject according to the laws and regulations
6. Virtuality: as a kind of approximate currency, virtual currency is virtual existence if it only exists in the virtual world and can purchase the virtual property in it; If it is linked with sovereign currency, it can exist in the real world and purchase real assets, then it is a virtual thing of sovereign currency. Virtual currency is actually a series of data files existing in the computer system. It has the meaning of virtual currency only after the issuers explain the system. Therefore, the existence form of virtual currency is virtual< In general, virtual currency can purchase the procts and services provided by the issuers, and it can also be exchanged with the issuers outside the scope of issuance at a certain rate to purchase the procts of the alliance. For procts outside the alliance, virtual currency has no value significance; Similarly, when virtual currency is only authorized to buy different procts in different sales cycles, the use of virtual currency has limited application in time and scope, unlike sovereign currency, which can be completely freely exchanged
8. Separability: virtual currency has no physical form and is a digital storage information. Unlike traditional paper currency, it needs to consider the balance relationship between the circulation of main currency and subsidiary currency and the proportion of various currency values. It can be split infinitely. For example, although the total number of dark coins is only 2300, each bitcoin can be split into eight directions of ten< Although virtual currency exists in the virtual world, the process of new technological revolution has closely linked the virtual world with reality, and the virtual world has become an important part of people's spiritual life. It can promote the development of real economy, for example, a large number of entertainment application projects provide people with rich spiritual wealth and real wealth, and more and more people invest in virtual currency, which represents a trend, and the more successful ones are bitcoin, Leyte coin and the new domestic King coin; On the contrary, money laundering, gambling and network theft in the virtual world will have a negative effect on the real economy.
2. Yes
for example, the current electronic transfer is actually virtual currency
of course, paper money itself is a currency symbol, not a currency
the goods ratio is the general equivalent
nowadays, paper money or virtual currency are all transactions based on national credit or enterprise credit
in these economic activities, virtual currency acts as a measure of value and a means of circulation.
for example, the current electronic transfer is actually virtual currency
of course, paper money itself is a currency symbol, not a currency
the goods ratio is the general equivalent
nowadays, paper money or virtual currency are all transactions based on national credit or enterprise credit
in these economic activities, virtual currency acts as a measure of value and a means of circulation.
3. Have you ever been to 798 Art District? If you drive, get off Jiuxianqiao and go to the intersection of Wanhong road. If the bus, I remember that 401 and 402 can get to, specific you can check the bus information, to Dashanzi intersection south station or wangyefen station.
4. Bitcoin is like gold, but gold exists underground. Bitcoin exists in digital space in virtual form. No, because its value has not been generally recognized, and there is no legal support, there are loopholes and risks in the process of mining transaction circulation. In fact, it's a semi-finished proct. The reason why it's crazy is that some people fry it.
5. Theoretically, it can, and with the development of social proctivity, virtual currency is likely to become one of the common legal currencies, even though in some western countries, virtual currencies such as bitcoin have been used for payment, purchase, and financial market transactions.
6.
It can be judged by the difference between the two
First, different concepts:1. Means of circulation:
also known as "means of purchase". Circulation means that money acts as a medium of exchange in commodity circulation to realize the value of commodities
2. Means of payment:
refers to the function that money is used to pay off debts, pay taxes, rents, wages, etc. This function is developed to meet the needs of the development of commodity proction and commodity exchange
Second, the background is different:1. Means of circulation:
after the emergence of money, money became the medium of commodity exchange
2. Means of payment:
appears with the emergence of credit sale, in which money is used to pay debts
extended data
both payment and exchange are the process of property transfer, and the characteristics of payment means are similar to transaction media, so currency is also the most common means of payment
when the credit buyer pays off the debt to the credit seller with money, the function of money is the means of payment. Generally speaking, in all the economic activities without commodities moving in the same direction at the same time and in the same place, what money performs is the function of means of payment
The means of circulation has the following characteristics:1. It must be a real currency rather than a conceptual currency, because it will change the holder
2. It can be a substitute for money, not necessarily a metal money, because the means of circulation is only a medium, fleeting
It can be varied, but not exclusive It has a necessary quantity, which is equal to the total commodity price divided by the speed of money circulation7. According to the following procere, you can adjust to single dehydration:
8. There are Temple Street, Garden Street, Sai Yeung Choi Street, Tong Choi Street, big shops and small shops in Kowloon district. There are many shops in Hong Kong District, such as Johnston Road, Causeway Bay, Jardine square, Times Square and so on.
the above streets are busy every day.
the high-end ones are central land Plaza.
the prosperous commercial district is also central, Next is Tsim Sha Tsui.]
the most prosperous place in the evening is the bar area, including languifang, Wan Chai rock road,
the nightclub can be regarded as the area of Lan street and Shanghai Street in Mongkok,
a large-scale disco, one in Tsim Sha Tsui and one in Yau Ma Tei,
in fact, the whole Hong Kong, Kowloon and the new territories are full of people except for the mountains, It's very busy everywhere.
Kowloon Island: Nathan Road
Hong Kong Island: Causeway Bay, central
here's a website for you:
the above streets are busy every day.
the high-end ones are central land Plaza.
the prosperous commercial district is also central, Next is Tsim Sha Tsui.]
the most prosperous place in the evening is the bar area, including languifang, Wan Chai rock road,
the nightclub can be regarded as the area of Lan street and Shanghai Street in Mongkok,
a large-scale disco, one in Tsim Sha Tsui and one in Yau Ma Tei,
in fact, the whole Hong Kong, Kowloon and the new territories are full of people except for the mountains, It's very busy everywhere.
Kowloon Island: Nathan Road
Hong Kong Island: Causeway Bay, central
here's a website for you:
9. From yuanxiatian station to yuanxiatian station, take bus No.126 (take bus No.15) to Tianhe passenger station, go to Metro Tianhe passenger station entrance / exit b, transfer to Metro Line 3 (Tianhe passenger station Panyu Square) (take bus No.5) to Metro TIYU West Road station entrance / exit D, and walk about 410 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
2. Taxi: a total of 1 It costs 34.00 yuan to drive 11.5 km. Note: the information is for reference only and can not be used as the basis of payment. The toll and Bridge toll are not included in the fee, Traffic jams and other factors may increase the cost significantly
3. Walk about 600 meters from yuanxiatian to Baiyun Garden Station, take No.9 night train (23 stops) to the sports center station, walk about 610 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
4. Walk about 340 meters from yuanxiatian to yuanxiatian station, take no.891 (14 stops) Take bus 304 (long departure interval) (take 9 stops) to ganxiusuo station, go to exit J of Guangzhou East subway station, transfer to Metro Line 1 (take 2 stops) and get off at exit D of TIYU West Road station. Walk about 410 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
5. Walk about 220 meters from yuanxiatian to shierling Road station, take bus 424 (take 6 stops) to Tonghe station, transfer to bus 296 (take 13 stops) and get off at TIYU center station. Walk about 330 meters to Guangzhou book shopping center Center
6. Walk about 350 meters from yuanxiatian to Hongtao stone factory station, take No. 804 (20 stations) to Guangzhou east railway station, then transfer to No. 195 (3 stations), No. 280 (3 stations) Take bus 233 (3 stops) to Tianhe City Square (Victoria Square) station. Walk about 260 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
7. Walk about 350 meters from yuanxiatian to Hongtao stone factory station, take bus 804 (13 stops) to wuxianqiao station, then take bus 296 (6 stops) to sports center station. Walk about 330 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
8. Walk about 350 meters from yuanxiatian to Hongtao stone factory station, take bus 804 (17 stops) to Guangzhou From yuanxiatian station, take No.235 (2 stops) to the sports center station. Walk about 330 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
9. Walk about 320 meters from yuanxiatian station to yuanxiatian station, take No.126 (7 stops), no.832 (7 stops) to Dongkeng station, and then take no.296 (12 stops) to the sports center station. Walk about 330 meters to Guangzhou book shopping center
2. Taxi: a total of 1 It costs 34.00 yuan to drive 11.5 km. Note: the information is for reference only and can not be used as the basis of payment. The toll and Bridge toll are not included in the fee, Traffic jams and other factors may increase the cost significantly
3. Walk about 600 meters from yuanxiatian to Baiyun Garden Station, take No.9 night train (23 stops) to the sports center station, walk about 610 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
4. Walk about 340 meters from yuanxiatian to yuanxiatian station, take no.891 (14 stops) Take bus 304 (long departure interval) (take 9 stops) to ganxiusuo station, go to exit J of Guangzhou East subway station, transfer to Metro Line 1 (take 2 stops) and get off at exit D of TIYU West Road station. Walk about 410 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
5. Walk about 220 meters from yuanxiatian to shierling Road station, take bus 424 (take 6 stops) to Tonghe station, transfer to bus 296 (take 13 stops) and get off at TIYU center station. Walk about 330 meters to Guangzhou book shopping center Center
6. Walk about 350 meters from yuanxiatian to Hongtao stone factory station, take No. 804 (20 stations) to Guangzhou east railway station, then transfer to No. 195 (3 stations), No. 280 (3 stations) Take bus 233 (3 stops) to Tianhe City Square (Victoria Square) station. Walk about 260 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
7. Walk about 350 meters from yuanxiatian to Hongtao stone factory station, take bus 804 (13 stops) to wuxianqiao station, then take bus 296 (6 stops) to sports center station. Walk about 330 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
8. Walk about 350 meters from yuanxiatian to Hongtao stone factory station, take bus 804 (17 stops) to Guangzhou From yuanxiatian station, take No.235 (2 stops) to the sports center station. Walk about 330 meters to Guangzhou Book Shopping Center
9. Walk about 320 meters from yuanxiatian station to yuanxiatian station, take No.126 (7 stops), no.832 (7 stops) to Dongkeng station, and then take no.296 (12 stops) to the sports center station. Walk about 330 meters to Guangzhou book shopping center
Hot content