Who is regulated by virtual currency
It is illegal to issue virtual currency privately
According to Article 29 of the regulations of the people's Republic of China on the administration of RMB, no unit or indivial is allowed to print or sell token tickets to replace RMB in circulation on the market In addition, the "emergency notice of the State Council Office for rectifying unhealthy tendencies in the instry, the State Economic and Trade Commission and the people's Bank of China on prohibiting the issuance and use of various token certificates (cards)" also strictly prohibited similar issues 
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virtual currency refers to non real currency. Well known virtual currencies, such as online currency of Internet company, q-coin of Tencent company, q-point and voucher of Shanda company, micro currency launched by Sina (used for micro games, Sina reading, etc.), chivalrous Yuanbao (used for chivalrous road game), silver grain (used for bixue Qingtian game), and popular digital currencies in 2013 include bitcoin, Laite coin, infinite coin, quark coin, zeta coin, etc Barbecue coins, pennies (Internet), invisible gold bars, red coins, prime coins. At present, hundreds of digital currencies are issued all over the world. Popular in the circle & quot; The legend of "bitcoin, Wright silver, infinite copper, pennies aluminum"
market formation
the Internet has led to the emergence of a new market, which is a virtual market based on cyberspace. The Internet provides a lot of communication places for consumers, and also provides business market for enterprises. Enterprises must change from proct centered to service centered to customer centered. With the development of computer artificial intelligence technology and database technology, enterprises can conveniently collect customers' information, understand customers' needs in time, change business strategies and grasp economic arteries in real time
With the rapid development of computer and network communication technology, the application of Internet technology has graally penetrated into various fields of human activities, and the unlimited business opportunities that it contains make businesses turn their eyes to e-commerce. E-commerce is penetrating into all aspects of social and economic life at a speed that people can hardly imaginethe traditional finance is also closely watching this irresistible trend of global economic integration and networking. As a result, value-added services take art as the selling point and can be regarded as commodities; The sword in the game is not a brand-new financial services business philosophy - e-finance came into being
from the historical development process, to understand e-finance, we must start from the electronic finance and e-commerce. The so-called e-financialization means that financial enterprises adopt modern communication, computer, network and other information technology means in addition to Internet technology to improve the work efficiency of traditional financial service business, rece operating costs, realize the automation of financial business processing, informatization of financial enterprise management and scientific decision-making, and provide customers with faster and more convenient services, And then enhance the financial enterprise is the behavior of market competitive advantage
e-finance is a transcendence of financial electronization. Different from the electronic finance, the main technical basis of e-finance operation is the increasingly perfect Internet technology. Due to the characteristics of global connectivity, openness, quickness and low marginal cost of Internet technology, e-finance strengthens the restructuring and innovation of financial services business based on Internet technology, so that customers are free from the restrictions of business hours and places, and enjoy all kinds of high-quality and low-cost services provided by financial enterprises anytime and anywhere
with the development of Internet, the form of money is becoming more virtual, and there is an electronic money that only exists in the form of electronic signal
reference source: Network: virtual currency
Internet currency of Internet company, QQ currency of Tencent company, q-point, voucher of Shanda company, micro currency launched by Sina (used for micro games, Sina reading, etc.), chivalrous Yuanbao (used for chivalrous road game), and silver pattern (used for bixue Qingtian game)
network virtual currency can be roughly divided into:
the first category is familiar game currency. In the era of stand-alone games, the protagonist accumulates money by knocking down the enemy, entering the gambling house to win money, and using these to buy Herbs and equipment, but it can only be used in his own game console. At that time, there was no "market" between players. Since the establishment of Internet portal and community, the realization of game networking, virtual currency has a "financial market", players can trade game currency
the second type is the special currency issued by the portal website or instant messaging service provider, which is used to purchase the services in the website. The most widely used is Tencent's q-coin, which can be used to purchase membership, QQ show and other value-added services
the third kind of virtual currency on the Internet, such as bitcoin (BTC), Wright currency (LTC), etc. bitcoin is an electronic currency proced by open-source P2P software. Some people also translate bitcoin as "bitcoin", which is a kind of network virtual currency. It is mainly used for Internet financial investment, and can also be directly used in daily life as a new currency
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strict law enforcement:
(23) enterprises engaging in online game virtual currency issuance and trading services without permission shall be investigated and dealt with by cultural administrative departments at or above the provincial level in accordance with the Interim Provisions on Internet culture management
(24) for the online game virtual currency issuing and trading service enterprises that violate the requirements of this circular, the cultural administrative department and the competent commercial department shall notify them to rectify within a time limit. Those who fail to rectify within the time limit shall be investigated and dealt with by relevant departments according to law (25) establish a coordination mechanism for the management of virtual currency in online games, and intensify the crackdown on illegal activities such as "number theft", "private service", "plug-in", illegal profits, money laundering, etc. All departments should regularly communicate, coordinate and cooperate with each other, timely report the relevant situation, and do a good job in the management of online game virtual currency within their respective responsibilities (26) the online game virtual currency issued by the online game operation enterprise shall not coincide with the name of the props in the game. The administrative provisions for props in online games shall be formulated separately by the cultural administrative department of the State Council in conjunction with relevant departmentssource: Internet virtual currency
in view of the possible risks of virtual currency, many international organizations and central banks have responded publicly to the supervision of virtual currency system. These responses can be roughly divided into four categories: warning and risk warning, supervision and registration permission, legislative norms, and explicit prohibition
(1) warning and risk warning
some central banks and regulators have issued risk warnings against the special currency and virtual currency system. The federal financial regulatory authority of Germany, the Bank of France, the central banks of the Netherlands and Belgium have issued public warnings against the possible money laundering and terrorist financing caused by the use of bitcoin. In the report released at the end of 2013, the European Banking authority (EBA) warned consumers of many risks of virtual currency, such as exchange loss, e-wallet theft, unprotected payment, price fluctuation and so on. Although Spain did not have a similar risk warning, it issued a timely information announcement related to virtual currency
(2) supervision and registration license
generally speaking, international organizations believe that the supervision of virtual currency should find a balance between risk prevention and innovation promotion. Since 2012, Sweden has required transactions related to virtual currency to be registered with financial regulators. Other countries pay attention to qualification supervision, so as to make it indirectly meet the requirements of prudential supervision. In other countries, the regulation mainly focuses on the business model of virtual currency transaction. The financial prudential regulatory authority of France regards the provision of bitcoin circulation and trading services and the act of earning funds in the process as a payment service and requires the authorization of the government. In addition, some countries focus on the intermediary institutions related to virtual currency. The German federal financial regulatory agency and Danish regulators believe that the provision of intermediary services for virtual currency needs to be authorized< (3) legislative norms
at present, some countries have proposed legislation to regulate virtual currency transactions. Canada plans to legislate to allow the government to supervise the transaction of bitcoin, and to include the transaction of more than US $10000 into the scope of suspicious supervision. The United States hopes to adjust the relevant legal structure should be compared with the development of the special currency. In order to make the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) applicable in the context of network, the financial crime enforcement network (FinCEN) of the U.S. Department of the Treasury issued the explanatory guidance on the behavior and subject definition of private generation, holding, distribution, trading, acceptance and transmission of virtual currency in 2013. The European central bank stressed that it should strengthen international cooperation under the existing legal framework, and regulate virtual currency from the European and global level under the existing legal framework. More countries believe that bitcoin is not a currency in circulation, has no legal status, and does not meet the definition of financial instruments, such as Finland, Sweden, Malaysia and Indonesia
(4) it is forbidden
in some countries, bitcoin related transactions are prohibited. In December 2013, the people's Bank of China banned financial institutions from trading in bitcoin, which was subsequently extended to payment service providers. The central banks of Thailand and Indonesia share the same attitude. The circulation of anonymous internet currency (including bitcoin) is prohibited by the Russian judicial inspection department as a substitute for currency. The Central Bank of Russia has earlier included the provision of bitcoin services in the scope of suspicious transaction monitoring. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has banned the issue of unregistered shares in exchange for bitcoin, and unregistered online securities trading activities in virtual currency.
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4. Protect the property rights and interests of the public, protect the legal tender status of RMB, prevent the risk of money laundering and maintain financial stability
5. Avoid excessive speculation in the name of "virtual currency" for virtual commodities such as bitcoin, which will damage the public interest and the legal tender status of RMB.
in order to protect the right of privacy, the specific name will not be released, such as the case of "Wanfu coin of future city" organized and led pyramid selling activities cracked in Xuzhou, and the official name of its leader is Liu Mou Ben
reporters in some "Wan Fu" promotion website and official account, many of the title of Liu, including the president of the global future city group, former vice governor of California, etc., and many pictures of Liu and foreign dignitaries and celebrities. In order to develop more members, Mr. Liu also held a huge investment promotion conference in Bali, Indonesia, Hong Kong and other places, attracting thousands of people from China
Liu also claimed that "Wanfu coin" was approved by the US Securities Regulatory Commission and the China Banking Regulatory Commission and would soon apply for a direct sales license in China. According to police investigation, "Wanfu coin" as a virtual digital currency has no legal basis to apply for direct marketing license in China, which is purely fictitiousaccording to the relevant person in charge of Xuzhou public security bureau, "Wanfu coin" reflects the new characteristics of the current MLM
1. In the name of virtual currency, virtual currency is a new thing for pyramid selling. At the same time, it is attractive under the banner of e-commerce, personal finance and distance ecation, which is not understood by the general public and easy to be deceived
2. Development members on the Internet are all carried out on the Internet, and members can only join the MLM through the website, and the user names used are pseudonyms or code names, and they all have their own login passwords. They chat with each other mainly through wechat. This has changed the traditional mode of setting up a studio and a newspaper center to organize activities, and increased the concealment of MLM
3. Spread on the Internet
the Internet makes the pyramid selling break through the restrictions of regions and national boundaries. The backbone personnel of pyramid selling often set their headquarters abroad, hide abroad and issue orders. It is difficult to arrest, recover stolen goods and get rid of the roots when funds are transferred abroad
according to the police, there are 100 or 200 kinds of "virtual currency" publicized on the Internet, which is hard to distinguish between true and false. The use of virtual currency for illegal fund-raising, pyramid selling, fraud and other criminal activities are frequent, investors should carefully screen
has the final say:
virtual currency network platform features
1, hype "new concept"
virtual currency network platform has very flexible form, often make only superficial changes, many are just made some concepts, all "game rules" are all platform based, there is a very big black box operation space. p>
2. Advocate "zero risk"
"real zero risk, only make no loss financial project", "China's first FC virtual currency is born, will create countless millionaires again"... The reporter saw that on a flyer page of FC virtual currency, there is such a slogan. A "player" told reporters that other "players" also claimed that in the future, a coin can buy a house
In the case of Yiyang network platform, many participants are over 60 years old, and the oldest is close to 80 years old. They usually spend most of their time at home with their grandchildren. They don't understand the Internet, and they listen to others. The elderly have accumulated a certain amount of wealth, and they don't know much about new things, so it's difficult to identify false propaganda, so it's easy to become the target of these network platformsits main features are as follows:
1. Decentralized bitcoin is the first distributed virtual currency. The whole network is composed of users without a central bank. Decentralization is the guarantee of bitcoin's security and freedom
2. Bitcoin in circulation around the world can be managed on any computer connected to the Internet. No matter where you are, anyone can dig, buy, sell or collect bitcoin
3. Private key is required for exclusive ownership control of bitcoin, which can be stored in any storage medium in isolation. No one can get it except the user himself
4. Bitcoin can be remitted free of charge at low transaction cost, but in the end, a small transaction fee will be charged for each transaction to ensure faster transaction execution
5. No hidden cost as a means of payment from a to B, bitcoin has no cumbersome limit of quota and proceres. If you know the other party's bitcoin address, you can pay
6. Bitcoin is not completely anonymous
warm tips: the above information is for reference only, without any suggestions
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but also depends on the clinical diagnosis
some patients don't have to be treated in the emergency department when they are received in the emergency department, for example, some major trauma immediately enters the operating room. If in the emergency treatment, there must be emergency medical records, you can ask the doctor.