guess區塊鏈
A. 我如何三種思維方式巧妙搞定雅思口語話題：科技和互聯
文章：我如何三種思維方式巧妙搞定雅思口語話題：科技和互聯網
據說都是智商和情商雙高哦
——對比——
Old and Young
Do old people in your country like to use apps?Are children allowed to use mobile phones in your country? How to teach older generation to use new technology?Do children like to play with toys or computer games nowadays?Is it necessary for teenagers to learn to use computers?
Paper and Electronic Versions
Do you usually write by hand or write using a computer (typewriter or word-processor)? Do you think computers might one day replace handwriting?
Gender and Place
Do you agree that men are more obsessed with new technology than women? Is there any difference between technology in cities and in small towns?
Examiner: So, any idea?
我大概會應聲倒地，直接被抬出考場
Fall to the ground and get a large bump on my forehead
Be carried/lifted out of the examination room
—不慌，鴿婆給你三道錦囊妙計—
a secret master plan, instructions for dealing with an emergency, wise counsel
NO.1 泔水湯
—坦白承認你的無知—
Admit: no hands-on experience with it
不知者無罪
Take a bit of time to gather your thoughts and make sure you don』t blurt out anything that gives away that you』re—well, completely stumped.
Think Aloud:fill up any empty airspace with words to avoid awkward silences
Great question. I』m just not familiar enough with XYZ to hazard a guess.
Hmm…that』s a great question. Let me think about that.
Your question raises a great point. That』s one of the several things I just don』t know about.
事出皆有因
Honestly, I know little about it. Here's why.
因為我雖然崇敬愛因斯坦、牛頓和愛迪生
Einstein, Newton, Edison
但是一點不懂高科技和互聯網
雖說手機不離手喜歡3D電影玩過虛擬現實
addictive, irresistible, get hooked; 3D movies; virtual reality
但不會打游戲沒見過時光機不會科技創新
談談小生活
Here』s what I can tell you
偶爾瀏覽果殼網、科學美國人、經濟學人：
Guokr, Scientific American, The Economist
蘋果小米華為OPPO三星魅族榮耀
Apple, Samsung, Nokia, Honor, BlackBerry, Lenovo
支付寶、淘寶、知乎、郵箱、微信
課堂講座電視上學過：
第一次工業革命，推進蒸汽時代
Instrial Revolution, inaugurated the Age ofSteam
第二次工業革命，步入電氣時代
the Age of Electricity
第三次科技革命，來到信息時代
Scientific Revolution, Information Age/era
編程、大數據、人工智慧、賽博經濟
programming, big data, artificial intelligence, cybereconomy
bitcoin, block chain, information encryption, quantum communication
新材料、煤炭清潔、空氣凈化
new materials, coal cleaning, air purification
幹細胞、代孕、轉基因、抗蟲棉、人造血液
stem cells, surrogate, transgenic, insect resistant cotton, artificial blood
核能汽車、核能手錶、彈道導彈
a nuclear car/watch, ballistic missile
創新鏈、產業鏈和資本鏈
Innovation/instrial/capital chain
深空深海深地網路空間安全和國防科技
Deep space/sea/land, cyberspace security, defense technology
邏輯推導：What, How, Why
NO.2 百味湯
—思辨性理論分析Critical Thinking—
A. 馬斯洛需求層次理論
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
從對食物的需求過渡到互聯網信息科技時代
對健康、安全、娛樂、愛和價值
對知識產權保護等更高級的需要
1.Biological and physiological needs- air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep.
2.Safety needs- protection from elements, security, order, law, stability, freedom from fear.
3.Love and belongingness needs- friendship, intimacy, trust, and acceptance, receiving and giving affection and love. Affiliating, being part of a group (family, friends, work).
4.Esteem needs- (i) esteem for oneself (dignity, achievement, mastery, independence) and (ii) the desire for reputation or respect from others (e.g., status, prestige). The need for respect or reputation is most important for children and adolescents and precedes real self-esteem or dignity.
5.Cognitive needs- knowledge and understanding, curiosity, exploration, need for meaning and predictability.
6.Aesthetic needs- appreciation and search for beauty, balance, form, etc.
7.Self-actualization needs- realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences. A desire 「to become everything one is capable of becoming」.
8.Transcendence needs- A person is motivated by values which transcend beyond the personal self (e.g., mystical experiences and certain experiences with nature, aesthetic experiences, sexual experiences, service to others, the pursuit of science, religious faith, etc.).
*simplypsychology.org/maslow
B. 全球化與殖民主義：主流文化入侵
Post-colonialism & Cultural Imperialism
Impact on Global Communication
從互聯網到全球聯系的增強
從科技和文化霸權看帝國殖民
從創新發展到本土文化的逐漸模糊與喪失
宗教、語言、民俗的趨同
Cultural Imperialism: the extension of influence or dominance of one nation』s culture over others, through the exportation of cultural commodities.
Global communication: the communication practice occurring across national borders, social, political, and cultural divides. The need for global communication has increased e to the expanse of globalisation.
The World Systems Theory: an inter-regional and transnational division of labour with core, periphery, and semi-periphery countries.
In its conquest of Italy, the Roman Empire imposed Latin on the people of Etruria, replacing the Etruscan language, which ultimately led tothe demise of the language and other aspects of the Etruscan culture. Then, Latin was the lingua franca and today English isthe lingua franca of global communication
The expansion of the British Empire ring the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries: cultural form of imperialism, throughreligious proselytising, i.e. the imposition of Christianity on cultures with other religions.The British Empire also exerted its cultural power throughimposing ecational material on the colonies, promoting the empire through books and syllabuses, serving the interest of colonialism.
The assimilation of media:literature, film, television, Internet, and music.
US media and entertainment instries, like Hollywood and Disney, are able topenetrate the global market and export US-American cultural procts and values.
*linkedin.com/pulse/critical-examination-cultural-imperialism-its-impact-global-drysén/
C. 資本主義、信息共享與互聯網
Capitalism and the Internet
資本主義剝削形式、人們工作方式的轉變
new way to exploit the working class
without having to work in factories
時長加長，無形的工作與生產
more time investment, longer exploitation
enhance possibilities to enjoy their work
give rise to a new proletarian identity
eventual confrontation with capital owner
Internet is just the development of past ways of entertainment, communication and knowledge (games, libraries, letters, books, etc.) which helped spread ecation and information throughout society andlower classes as they became more and more reachable and affordable, whilst also,especially in the case of entertainment, alienating people from their nature (workers- not in a bad connotation).
New technology hastranscended the standard capitalist business model.
Intangible, conceptual assets: a large part of corporate wealth, likeintellectual property, trademarks, patents and right. Microsoft is not valued principally in physical capital assets, as was the case with big corporations in the past. What Microsoft claims to own isideas, ideas that we all need to run factories and offices and to communicate with each other.
As Thomas Jefferson put it,passing light on to another candle does not diminish the light from your own. Jefferson thought this was a good enough reason whyideas should not be treated like coal, candles and other commodities, but should be allowed to circulate freely for the common good.
*marxist.com/capitalism-internet-patents130306
*quora.com/What-would-Karl-Marx-think-about-the-internet
D. 科技創新和女權主義
Technology and Gender Gap
技術教育不足，科技行業需要卻鮮有女性
男性主導、敵意的工作環境，高離職率低薪
Women have been left out of the mainstream of recorded technological development. Technology, increasingly so in instrialized societies, is male.
A feminist perspective can help us move from a hard technology society to a soft technology future in which values such asharmony with nature, subjectivity, co-operation, and non-exploitationbecome integral to technological development.
In the 1980s, women made up a little under40 percent of computer-science graates.Since then, the gender gap has grown: Currently, less than 20 percent of computer-science graates are women. In the earliest days of programming, ring World War II, building computers was deemed a macho thing, and programming was thought to be for typists. Later, when personal computers began to appear in homes and offices, they were promoted as apastime -- for boys.Contemporary bro culture has done nothing to attack this bias.
School should expand thefemale facultyand make thecurriculummore inviting to talented students withlimited exposure to computer science: assign classes according to students' past programming experience -- to prevent long-time enthusiasts fromintimidating novices.
bloomberg.com/view/articles/2017-09-06/how-to-close-the-gender-gap-in-tech
The tech instry's gender imbalance is no secret – only 17% of technology specific jobs are held by women.Projects to counter the problem, from conferences to mentorship programmes, are becoming widespread but are usually aimed at women already embarking on careers.
From toys to language, teaching girls basic skills and busting gender myths from an early age could encourage more women into tech careers.
theguardian.com/careers/2017/dec/01/closing-the-tech-gender-gap-starts-in-childhood
NO.3 人參湯
—熟悉互聯網雙刃劍的常見論點—
