M3 ore machine weight
theoretically, it should be 1kg = 9.8N, but in engineering, it is calculated as 1kg = 10N, so 1kg / m ^ 3 = 10N / m ^ 3 = 0.01kn/m ^ 3;
Water stable 1m3 weighs about 2230-2240 kg
The two are not physical quantities, and there is no way to directly transform them
T is a Chinese character, pronounced D ū n. It is often used as a mathematical unit of mass, and it is often used to measure the weight of larger objects in daily life
cubic meter, read as l ì f ā ng m ǐ, It's a unit of volume, the symbol M & # 179;, It is equal to the volume of a cube with one meter on each side, which is equal to one cubic meter
1t = 1000kg, 1m3 = 1000L, 1g = 1ml x 1g / ml
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extended data:
volume conversion:
< 1, 1 cubic kilometer = 1000000000 cubic meters; 1 cubic meter = 1000 cubic decimeter
2, 1 cubic decimeter = 1000 cubic centimeter; 1 cubic meter = 1000000 cubic centimeter
3, 1 cubic centimeter = 0.061 cubic inch; 1 cubic inch = 16.387 cubic centimeter
4, 1 cubic meter = 0.353 cubic feet; 1 cubic foot = 28.3 cubic decimeter
5, 1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet; 1 cubic meter = 1.3079 cubic yards
conversion of weight unit
1t = 1000kg; 1kg = 1000g; 1kg = 1kg
1t=1000kg; V=M/r=1000x0.12-20=6m3
no matter what you are doing, as soon as there is a sign of a card, you should stop the operation at hand and exit from the trial, so that you will not restart. If you still do this, you should not play or watch
hardware, CPU and other hardware temperature is too high, memory card is less, hard disk is bad, voltage is unstable, in some cases, the hardware is not suitable
90% of the reboots are caused by improper operation of the computer. The card is the root cause of the reboots. It is easy to cause the card operation not to be done, which will avoid or rece the reboots.
another method is PS - EF | sort - K7 to sort the processes according to the running time, and see which process consumes the most CPU time
Top:
main parameter
D: Specifies the update interval, calculated in seconds
Q: no delayed updates. If the user has a superuser, the top command will be executed in the highest priority
C: displays the complete path and name of the process
s: accumulation mode, which will accumulate the CPU time of completed or disappeared sub trips
s: safe mode
I: do not display any idle or zombie trips
n: display the number of updates. After completion, it will exit to
display parameters:
PID (process ID): process ID
User: the user name of the process owner
PR: the priority of a process
Ni: the priority value of the process
virt: virtual memory value occupied by the process
res: the value of the physical memory occupied by the process
SHR: the shared memory value used by the process
s: the state of the process, where s is dormant, R is running, Z is dead, and N is the negative priority value of the process
% CPU: the CPU utilization of the process
% MEM: the percentage of physical memory and total memory occupied by the process
time +: the total CPU time after the process is started
command: the name of the start command of the process. If this line cannot be displayed, the process will have a complete command line
in the process of using the top command, you can also use some interactive commands to complete the functions of other parameters. These commands are activated by shortcut keys< br />< Spaces & gt;: Refresh now
P: sort by CPU usage
t: sort by time and cumulative time
Q: exit the top command
m: switch to display memory information
t: switch to display process and CPU status information
C: switch to display command name and complete command line
m: sort according to the size of memory used
W: write the current settings to ~ /. Toprc file. This is the recommended way to write the top configuration file
Free
1. Function
the free command is used to display the memory usage, and the permission is for all users
2. Format
free [- b-k-m] [- O] [- s delay] [- t] [- v]
3. Main parameters
- b-k-m: display memory usage in bytes (KB, MB) respectively
- s delay: displays the number of seconds to display the memory usage
- t: display the total memory column
- O: do not display buffer adjustment columns<
uptime
18:59:15 up 25 min, 2 users, load average: 1.23, 1.32, 1.21
current time
time from system startup to now
number of connected users
system load in the last minute, five minutes and fifteen minutes
parameter: - V display version information
vmstat
procs ------ memory ------ swap ------ IO ------ system ------
R B swpd free buff cache si so Bi Bo in CS US sy ID wa
0 1 24980 10792 8296 47316 5 19 205 52 1161 698 26 3 1 70
1 observe disk activity
disk activity mainly from the following indicators:
Bi: indicates from The number of blocks read by the disk per second (blocks / s). A larger number means more disk reading activity
Bo: indicates the number of blocks written to disk per second (blocks / s). The larger the number, the more disk writing activity
Wa: the proportion of time the CPU waits for disk I / O (pending disk IO). The larger the number, the more serious the file system activity hinders the CPU, because the CPU is waiting for the slow disk system to provide data. It is ideal that Wa is 0. If Wa is always greater than 10, the file system may need performance tuning<
2 observe the CPU activity
vmstat can better reflect the CPU usage than top:
us: the proportion of CPU time used by user programs. The larger the number, the busier the user process
sy: the proportion of CPU time used by system calls. Note that since NFS runs in the kernel, the CPU time consumed by NFS activity is reflected in sy. If the number is often large, you need to pay attention to whether a kernel process, such as NFS, has heavy tasks. If US and sy are both large, we need to consider separating some user programs from other servers to avoid mutual influence
ID: the percentage of idle CPU time
Wa: the proportion of time the CPU waits for pending disk IO
iostat
is used to count CPU usage and TTY devices I / 0 quantity of hard disk and CD-ROM
parameters:
- C displays only CPU lines
- D displays disk lines
- K displays disk output in kilobytes
- t includes timestamp in output
- x includes extended disk index in output
AVG CPU: user% nice% sys% iowait% idle
20.25 0.18 2.61 76.39 0.57
% iowait CPU waiting for local I / O Percentage of idle time
percentage of CPU idle time when% idle is not waiting for local I / O
device: TPS BLK_ read/s Blk_ wrtn/s Blk_ read Blk_ Wrtn
HDA 9.86 284.34 84.48 685407 2036
transfers per second (TPS), 512 byte block reads per second (BLK)_ Read / s), 512 byte block writes per second (BLK)_ Wrtn / s) and 512 byte block read (BLK)_ Read) and write (BLK)_ Wrtn)< The system < br / < br /
system < br / < br / < system < br / < system < br / < system < br / < system < br / < system
\\\ ame \\\\\\\\listthe loaded kernel moles
# e NV # view environment variables
resources
# free - M # view memory usage and swap area usage
# DF - H # view partition usage
# sh # view the size of specified directory
# grep memtotal / proc / meminfo # view total memory
# grep memFree / proc / meminfo # view free memory
# uptime # view system running time Number of users To view the system load
the disk and partition
\\\\\\\\\\\\\35viewide device detection at startup You can view the properties of all network interfaces in the network
< network
Network < br / < network
Network < br / < network < br / < network < br / < network < br / < network < br / < network < br / < network < br / < network < br / < network < br / < network < br / < network < network < br / < network < ififconfig is used to view the properties of all network interfaces < br /
3535\35\\\\\institute There are processes in the process < br / \\\\\\\\\\\\\\< br />Services
# chkconfig -- list # list all system services
# chkconfig -- list | grep on # list all started system services
programs
# RPM - QA # view all installed software packages