Beyond the pool
Publish: 2021-03-29 05:09:02
1. Preface: please make sure that you have a basic understanding of electronic money (especially cryptography money) before reading this article, and understand the basic knowledge of "POW workload proof mechanism", timestamp and block chain system, decentralization, etc., which will not be repeated here
bitcoin is rising wildly, and e-money has set off a wave of speculation. Light currency (LTC) soared more than ten times, reaching a high price of 300 yuan. At the same time, a large number of counterfeit coins appeared, and the increase was amazing. It's not unusual to see them rise several times a day. E-money market has shown a strong speculative, investment risk has emerged. But is bitcoin the only winner? Is there any other e-coin that can "" the miracle of bitcoin, or even surpass it
assuming the success of e-money in the future, some people say that we only need one e-money. If the number of bitcoin is limited, it's OK to use mbtc or smaller units to trade when the price is very high. Other electronic coins are repetitive and meaningless
let's see how bitcoin has changed from "meaningless behavior" to a successful case, and what experience can be summed up
firstly, based on the combination of private key and public key of electronic cryptocurrency, bitcoin creatively proposed the block chain mechanism, as well as the binding of mining (protecting the whole network) and currency issuance rewards. And the implementation of a constant total to create deflation expectations, difficulty automatic adjustment to ensure fairness, as well as competitive mining and competitive block branches, to maximize the protection of the interests of the holders and miners, to achieve a win-win situation
this mechanism mobilizes the enthusiasm of miners and forms a virtuous circle. BTC rises, calculating power rises, calculating power rises, BTC is more stable and has higher value, so as to promote the price to continue to rise. Until now, bitcoin has formed an indestructible block chain system, which is the most valuable part of the bitcoin system, ensuring the maximum security of bitcoin holders, as well as the decentralized network structure, ensuring the openness and fairness of the bitcoin world. Social capital has invested a lot in bitcoin, forming a whole instrial chain. This is the value created by bitcoin from scratch. Although there are speculative factors, to a certain extent, the market value of bitcoin reflects this value
BTC market value: http://blockchain.info/charts/market-cap
BTC calculation force: http://blockchain.info/charts/hash-rate
but does this mean that bitcoin must be the most successful, and it will forever occupy the market share of the whole e-money in the future without further improvement
next, I'll make a comparison with LTC. Instead of recommending buying LTC, I'll talk about whether LTC can solve some problems of BTC and whether it will cause some new troubles< First of all, BTC has the following problems:
1, long confirmation time
I casually selected the current mining records and found that the block confirmation time was too long. First of all, the BTC default 10 minutes out of the block, has been a relatively long time. For some deals, it's a time of impatience. And because the difficulty is already very high, the block time is further uneven, sometimes it is normal not to block for 20 minutes. These 20 minutes, together with the confirmation waiting time and other processing time of various trading websites, often result in extremely slow recharge and withdrawal speed. It is common to wait for an hour. Waiting for a bitcoin transaction is really a boring thing, which limits its application in reality. Even for this reason, a third party, similar to Alipay's third party centralization letter, is needed to solve.
the two-and-a-half block time of LTC greatly alleviates this problem. An LTC transaction will be completed in a short time without any anxious waiting. It can be said that LTC solves the problem of BTC
2, centralization
although BTC claims to be a decentralized currency, it is relative to legal currency. In practice, e to historical problems and ASIC mining machine problems, BTC's centralization problem is very serious, which can be discussed from two aspects
the first is the centralization of computing power. Although ASIC mining machine is inevitable in history, BTC is rising rapidly, so the centralization of computing power is very serious. It can be seen from this picture that the first and second mines are ready to start 51%. Although it is said that 51% will destroy the whole network, which is not good for the mining pool, bitcoin is a place outside the law after all. Everything is guaranteed by mathematical formulas and algorithms, and credit is established voluntarily. In the face of huge profit temptation, it is inevitable that nothing will happen, or the confidence of the holders will be affected. This is not good for bitcoin
some people say that LTC will develop special mining machines sooner or later, so as to enter the era of centralization. I think there is a degree of problem. After all, it is a fact that bitcoin mines are seriously concentrated, and as long as the concentration of LTC is lower than BTC, the risk can be smaller
the second is the centralization of holding money. I don't have statistics of LTC holding currency here, but I have statistics of BTC holding currency. This centralization of holding money is appalling. This means that a very small number of people control the vast majority of the wealth of the entire network. Of course, some addresses belong to the exchange, but this is absolutely very serious differentiation. Here's the data: http://btc.ondn.net/search
and the centralization of computing power aggravates this situation: half of bitcoin has been g out and concentrated in the hands of a few people, and then the rest that has not been g out will also be g out by a few people (because of the concentration of computing power). The new people have no choice but to pay for it
although some people refute me that since BTC is valuable, it should be exchanged with legal currency. The problem is that when the existing BTC has been monopolized, the future BTC will also be monopolized, and the price is not set by the buyer. It's like everyone says that China's real estate is unfair. If the existing houses are controlled by a few "real estate uncle" people, The land development in the future is also tightly controlled by the Bureau of land and resources. Isn't it true that the common people have to pay for it, and how much they will pay for it is up to them
- the original attitude towards real estate changed when it came to BTC. Of course, the reason is that the bottom of the BTC holder determines the head. As if you bought a few suites, you will say that the real estate market is fair
by contrast, LTC has only g up a quarter of the total, and the computing power is relatively average. Any ordinary people can buy a graphics card to dig their own mines. At least the new LTC can be obtained at a relatively balanced price. From this point of view, if the overall value of e-money needs to be increased by 10 billion or even 100 billion US dollars in the future, then adding all of them to BTC will only lead to a few people becoming millionaires of 100 billion US dollars, which is obviously not the original intention of developing e-money< There is a serious problem with Nakamoto's BTC, which is that Nakamoto has more than 2 million BTCs. Now we are willing to believe that Nakamoto is a good man and a God, but how can we trust an indivial when we believe in mathematics and physics? On the premise of minimum trust, Nakamoto is also a mortal. If the market value of BTC is large enough, Nakamoto's goods will become a time bomb. Even if he doesn't drop the price, he becomes the God of the world and has the most wealth. Not to mention that some BTCs confiscated by the FBI will be auctioned sooner or later. This good thing that has contributed to the American people will be left to the people of the world
LTC does not have this problem. The history is very clean. We dig together and everything is open. When digging LTC, many players already have BTC experience, so the mining is relatively balanced at the beginning, and there is no private situation such as the founding team stealing. This has laid a good foundation for LTC.
4. Whether the gold silver ratio is applicable to BTC and LTC is a funny question, which just shows the ignorance of public speculators. Bitkin, Wright silver, said that this statement of the media is a manifestation of extreme ignorance
first of all, is the value of e-money related to the circulation? If the circulation of LTC is a quarter of that of BTC, is the value of LTC a quarter of that of BTC? If I issue a kind of NCC with brain damage now, with only one circulation, should the price be 9999999
it's just as ridiculous to anchor the issue volume as to compare the circulation of stocks. Money can only be valued by the total market value. It's meaningless to talk about circulation. As for the gold and silver ratio, it's a big laugh. The ratio of gold and silver is determined by the instrial value and output of gold and silver. Electronic money has no value other than monetary property, and there is no such thing as output and reserves. The output and reserves of money are only monetary units. If you don't understand this, you can go back to the furnace
moreover, BTC and LTC have direct exchange markets, and their proportion is the result of market game, which is the short-term optimal solution in itself. There is nothing to say. What the market says is what it says, which has nothing to do with the current market, let alone gold and silver
5. About Shanzhai coin
some people say that LTC is also a kind of "counterfeit" currency, which has no value. Some people think that with so many counterfeit coins, you can fry any one that is not. I think both views are wrong
first of all, BTC is an open-source e-coin, and the word "Shanzhai" itself contains a strong central idea in the minds of the Chinese people, hoping that an Immortal Emperor or Nakamoto congda God has made a kind of immortal coin, and the others are all from "Shanzhai". In the open source world, everyone has the right to make money. Any money is "counterfeit" money. Bitcoin was worthless before, and its value was given after the market recognized it. As long as another currency can also be recognized and accepted by the market, it is reasonable to give it a market value, and the amount of market value given is also determined by the market, which may not exceed bitcoin
assuming that the long-term market is effective, excluding speculation, whether a currency can be given value by the market mainly depends on several factors (I personally think)
bitcoin is rising wildly, and e-money has set off a wave of speculation. Light currency (LTC) soared more than ten times, reaching a high price of 300 yuan. At the same time, a large number of counterfeit coins appeared, and the increase was amazing. It's not unusual to see them rise several times a day. E-money market has shown a strong speculative, investment risk has emerged. But is bitcoin the only winner? Is there any other e-coin that can "" the miracle of bitcoin, or even surpass it
assuming the success of e-money in the future, some people say that we only need one e-money. If the number of bitcoin is limited, it's OK to use mbtc or smaller units to trade when the price is very high. Other electronic coins are repetitive and meaningless
let's see how bitcoin has changed from "meaningless behavior" to a successful case, and what experience can be summed up
firstly, based on the combination of private key and public key of electronic cryptocurrency, bitcoin creatively proposed the block chain mechanism, as well as the binding of mining (protecting the whole network) and currency issuance rewards. And the implementation of a constant total to create deflation expectations, difficulty automatic adjustment to ensure fairness, as well as competitive mining and competitive block branches, to maximize the protection of the interests of the holders and miners, to achieve a win-win situation
this mechanism mobilizes the enthusiasm of miners and forms a virtuous circle. BTC rises, calculating power rises, calculating power rises, BTC is more stable and has higher value, so as to promote the price to continue to rise. Until now, bitcoin has formed an indestructible block chain system, which is the most valuable part of the bitcoin system, ensuring the maximum security of bitcoin holders, as well as the decentralized network structure, ensuring the openness and fairness of the bitcoin world. Social capital has invested a lot in bitcoin, forming a whole instrial chain. This is the value created by bitcoin from scratch. Although there are speculative factors, to a certain extent, the market value of bitcoin reflects this value
BTC market value: http://blockchain.info/charts/market-cap
BTC calculation force: http://blockchain.info/charts/hash-rate
but does this mean that bitcoin must be the most successful, and it will forever occupy the market share of the whole e-money in the future without further improvement
next, I'll make a comparison with LTC. Instead of recommending buying LTC, I'll talk about whether LTC can solve some problems of BTC and whether it will cause some new troubles< First of all, BTC has the following problems:
1, long confirmation time
I casually selected the current mining records and found that the block confirmation time was too long. First of all, the BTC default 10 minutes out of the block, has been a relatively long time. For some deals, it's a time of impatience. And because the difficulty is already very high, the block time is further uneven, sometimes it is normal not to block for 20 minutes. These 20 minutes, together with the confirmation waiting time and other processing time of various trading websites, often result in extremely slow recharge and withdrawal speed. It is common to wait for an hour. Waiting for a bitcoin transaction is really a boring thing, which limits its application in reality. Even for this reason, a third party, similar to Alipay's third party centralization letter, is needed to solve.
the two-and-a-half block time of LTC greatly alleviates this problem. An LTC transaction will be completed in a short time without any anxious waiting. It can be said that LTC solves the problem of BTC
2, centralization
although BTC claims to be a decentralized currency, it is relative to legal currency. In practice, e to historical problems and ASIC mining machine problems, BTC's centralization problem is very serious, which can be discussed from two aspects
the first is the centralization of computing power. Although ASIC mining machine is inevitable in history, BTC is rising rapidly, so the centralization of computing power is very serious. It can be seen from this picture that the first and second mines are ready to start 51%. Although it is said that 51% will destroy the whole network, which is not good for the mining pool, bitcoin is a place outside the law after all. Everything is guaranteed by mathematical formulas and algorithms, and credit is established voluntarily. In the face of huge profit temptation, it is inevitable that nothing will happen, or the confidence of the holders will be affected. This is not good for bitcoin
some people say that LTC will develop special mining machines sooner or later, so as to enter the era of centralization. I think there is a degree of problem. After all, it is a fact that bitcoin mines are seriously concentrated, and as long as the concentration of LTC is lower than BTC, the risk can be smaller
the second is the centralization of holding money. I don't have statistics of LTC holding currency here, but I have statistics of BTC holding currency. This centralization of holding money is appalling. This means that a very small number of people control the vast majority of the wealth of the entire network. Of course, some addresses belong to the exchange, but this is absolutely very serious differentiation. Here's the data: http://btc.ondn.net/search
and the centralization of computing power aggravates this situation: half of bitcoin has been g out and concentrated in the hands of a few people, and then the rest that has not been g out will also be g out by a few people (because of the concentration of computing power). The new people have no choice but to pay for it
although some people refute me that since BTC is valuable, it should be exchanged with legal currency. The problem is that when the existing BTC has been monopolized, the future BTC will also be monopolized, and the price is not set by the buyer. It's like everyone says that China's real estate is unfair. If the existing houses are controlled by a few "real estate uncle" people, The land development in the future is also tightly controlled by the Bureau of land and resources. Isn't it true that the common people have to pay for it, and how much they will pay for it is up to them
- the original attitude towards real estate changed when it came to BTC. Of course, the reason is that the bottom of the BTC holder determines the head. As if you bought a few suites, you will say that the real estate market is fair
by contrast, LTC has only g up a quarter of the total, and the computing power is relatively average. Any ordinary people can buy a graphics card to dig their own mines. At least the new LTC can be obtained at a relatively balanced price. From this point of view, if the overall value of e-money needs to be increased by 10 billion or even 100 billion US dollars in the future, then adding all of them to BTC will only lead to a few people becoming millionaires of 100 billion US dollars, which is obviously not the original intention of developing e-money< There is a serious problem with Nakamoto's BTC, which is that Nakamoto has more than 2 million BTCs. Now we are willing to believe that Nakamoto is a good man and a God, but how can we trust an indivial when we believe in mathematics and physics? On the premise of minimum trust, Nakamoto is also a mortal. If the market value of BTC is large enough, Nakamoto's goods will become a time bomb. Even if he doesn't drop the price, he becomes the God of the world and has the most wealth. Not to mention that some BTCs confiscated by the FBI will be auctioned sooner or later. This good thing that has contributed to the American people will be left to the people of the world
LTC does not have this problem. The history is very clean. We dig together and everything is open. When digging LTC, many players already have BTC experience, so the mining is relatively balanced at the beginning, and there is no private situation such as the founding team stealing. This has laid a good foundation for LTC.
4. Whether the gold silver ratio is applicable to BTC and LTC is a funny question, which just shows the ignorance of public speculators. Bitkin, Wright silver, said that this statement of the media is a manifestation of extreme ignorance
first of all, is the value of e-money related to the circulation? If the circulation of LTC is a quarter of that of BTC, is the value of LTC a quarter of that of BTC? If I issue a kind of NCC with brain damage now, with only one circulation, should the price be 9999999
it's just as ridiculous to anchor the issue volume as to compare the circulation of stocks. Money can only be valued by the total market value. It's meaningless to talk about circulation. As for the gold and silver ratio, it's a big laugh. The ratio of gold and silver is determined by the instrial value and output of gold and silver. Electronic money has no value other than monetary property, and there is no such thing as output and reserves. The output and reserves of money are only monetary units. If you don't understand this, you can go back to the furnace
moreover, BTC and LTC have direct exchange markets, and their proportion is the result of market game, which is the short-term optimal solution in itself. There is nothing to say. What the market says is what it says, which has nothing to do with the current market, let alone gold and silver
5. About Shanzhai coin
some people say that LTC is also a kind of "counterfeit" currency, which has no value. Some people think that with so many counterfeit coins, you can fry any one that is not. I think both views are wrong
first of all, BTC is an open-source e-coin, and the word "Shanzhai" itself contains a strong central idea in the minds of the Chinese people, hoping that an Immortal Emperor or Nakamoto congda God has made a kind of immortal coin, and the others are all from "Shanzhai". In the open source world, everyone has the right to make money. Any money is "counterfeit" money. Bitcoin was worthless before, and its value was given after the market recognized it. As long as another currency can also be recognized and accepted by the market, it is reasonable to give it a market value, and the amount of market value given is also determined by the market, which may not exceed bitcoin
assuming that the long-term market is effective, excluding speculation, whether a currency can be given value by the market mainly depends on several factors (I personally think)
2.
In the discussion of blockchain, bitcoin and other digital currencies, we often hear the word "bifurcation". So what is bifurcation? What is the effect of bifurcation
blockchain
before talking about bifurcation, popularize a little knowledge of blockchain, so as to help us understand what bifurcation is more easily (if you don't have any concept of blockchain, please read my previous articles, which are all popular words to help you understand what blockchain is)
blockchain, as the name suggests, is a chain composed of blocks. Of course, this kind of chain is just a figurative metaphor. To put it bluntly, data blocks are connected orderly. In bitcoin, the transaction records of bitcoin are stored in the block. The size of the block and the space occupied by the transaction records determine how many transactions can be stored in a block. These transaction records are packaged into blocks, and then the blocks are connected one by one to form a blockchain
We know that bitcoin software, like other software, needs to be updated and modified regularly in order to make it better. So a new version will appear, but not everyone will download the new version, so one miner will run the old version, and some will run the new version. If the old and new versions are not compatible, the blockchain will bifurcate. Because there may be differences between the version blocks and the old version blocks, they cannot be connected to the same blockchain, so there will be two or even more chains, which is called bifurcation
soft forking
soft forking refers to that when the new consensus rules are released, nodes that have not been upgraded will proce illegal blocks because they do not know the new consensus rules, resulting in temporary forking. This kind of bifurcation will be graally repaired with the upgrading of nodes
hard fork
hard fork refers to the permanent divergence of the blockchain. After the release of the new consensus rules, some nodes that have not been upgraded cannot verify the blocks proced by the upgraded nodes, and usually hard fork occurs. Therefore, in the field of digital currency, hard bifurcation often leads to the emergence of new currencies. For example, the hard bifurcation of Ethereum led to the emergence of eth
What is bifurcation? What is bitcoin bifurcation3.
POW: full name of proof of work
pos: proof of stake
both of them are the consensus mechanism of blockchain and the bookkeeping method of digital currency
the difference is:
1. POW mechanism: workload proof mechanism, that is, the proof of workload, is the requirement that must be met when generating a new transaction information (that is, a new block) to be added to the blockchain. In the blockchain network based on workload proof mechanism, the ability of nodes to obtain the correct numerical solution to generate blocks by calculating the numerical solution of random hash hash is the specific performance of node computing power
POS mechanism: the proof of rights and interests requires the certifier to provide a certain amount of ownership of cryptocurrency. The operation mode of the proof of rights and interests mechanism is that when creating a new block, the miners need to create a "currency right" transaction, and the transaction will send some coins to the miners themselves according to the preset proportion. According to the proportion and time of token owned by each node, the equity proof mechanism reces the mining difficulty of nodes proportionally according to the algorithm, so as to speed up the speed of searching for random numbersextended materials:
the concept of bitcoin was first proposed by Nakamoto in 2009. According to Nakamoto's ideas, the open source software and the P2P network on it were designed and released. Bitcoin is a kind of P2P digital currency. Point to point transmission means a decentralized payment system
unlike most currencies, bitcoin does not rely on specific currency institutions. It is generated by a large number of calculations based on specific algorithms. Bitcoin economy uses the distributed database composed of many nodes in the whole P2P network to confirm and record all transactions, and uses the design of cryptography to ensure the security of all aspects of currency circulation. The decentralized nature and algorithm of P2P can ensure that it is impossible to artificially manipulate the value of bitcoin through mass proction
4. You can understand blockchain as technology. Cryptocurrency is based on blockchain technology. The technology itself is reliable and can also be applied in other instries. But after the fire of cryptocurrency, a lot of people came in. If you want to invest in it, you have to recognize which projects are real and which are fraulent. Novices suggest to know more about the blockchain instry. Besides, there are risks in investment. Whether you lose money depends on you. Cryptography focuses on blockchain information
5.
Mining is the use of bitcoin mining machine, which is used to earn bitcoin
one of the ways to get bitcoin is that users download software from personal computer and then run specific algorithm to get corresponding bitcoin after communicating with remote server
bitcoin is a kind of virtual currency. Bitcoin mining system is the process of carrying out mathematical operation for bitcoin network through computer hardware. Miners who provide services can get a reward, because the network reward is calculated according to the tasks completed by miners, so the competition for mining is very fierce
mining is actually a competition of performance and equipment. The mining machine composed of many graphics cards, even if it's only hd6770, can surpass the single graphics card of most users
and this is not the most terrible. Some mining machines are made up of more such graphics card arrays. When dozens or even hundreds of graphics cards come together, the graphics card itself costs money. Considering the hardware price and other costs, there is a considerable expenditure in mining
bitcoin mining process:
1. To find the ore pool
to start mining, there must be a ore pool with convenient operation and stable output. Its function is to subdivide the data packets for each terminal, and pay the corresponding amount of bitcoin according to the proportion of the data packets calculated by the terminal through precise algorithm
2. Download bitcoin miner (software)
in fact, there are many kinds of this miner, you can go to the official website to download
3. Setting mining software is a green software. After installation, we can set the language first to facilitate further setting. Next, you need to set the server, user name, password, equipment and so on. Generally, the server chooses a better network from BTC guide series, and the user name and password are set by ourselves before
4, bitcoin mining start
when we confirm that all settings are correct, click the "start mining" button to start bitcoin mining, and then the graphics card will soon enter the full speed running state, the temperature and fan speed will increase, you can monitor the state through gpu-z or graphics card driver
6. Virtual currency, or more formally, digital currency. Although it carries the words of currency, it should be a kind of digital financial asset. Its value comes from the application of blockchain technology in payment, clearing, notarization, digital verification and other aspects, which brings efficiency improvement and cost rection
as you can understand it, it's like the stock of these technology service providers. As these technologies become more and more widely used, these virtual coins will become more and more valuable
bitcoin, which appeared in 2009, is the first kind of virtual currency in the world. It is also the first time that it has applied the blockchain technology which is popular all over the world
after bitcoin, there are many imitators in the market. They either improved on the basis of bitcoin, or put forward more grand technical ideas than bitcoin. Virtual currency, which is common in other markets and considered as "regular army" by instry insiders, is collectively referred to as competitive currency. Together with bitcoin, it forms the whole digital currency market, with a total market value of nearly 100 billion US dollars
there are thousands of virtual currencies in the market, most of which are risky; In addition, there are many MLM coins that are simply for the purpose of deceiving people< In order to help you avoid being cheated, the following is a brief introction to the main "regular army":
1. Bitcoin (BTC)
bitcoin is the first virtual currency in the world, with a total of 21 million. At present, more than 16 million bitcoins have been "g up", with a total market value of about US $45 billion, equivalent to half of the total market value of all virtual coins. It is well deserved to be the number one in the coin circle
bitcoin has been accepted as payment currency by hundreds of thousands of businesses around the world; In addition, bitcoin has also become a common money raising currency in various blockchain technology startups. Therefore, with the increasing demand for bitcoin, the value of bitcoin is likely to grow in the long run
2. Eth is regarded as "bitcoin version 2.0" and is the most likely competitor to surpass the market value of bitcoin. Some time ago, the market value of bitcoin was close to that of bitcoin. However, e to the price rection in the recent month, the market value of bitcoin is only about half of that of bitcoin
Ethernet coin was born in the summer of 2014. It is issued on the Ethereum blockchain, which is different from bitcoin. Ethereum blockchain is a decentralized application platform, which solves the problems of bitcoin's technical limitation in currency application and insufficient function expansion, so it has great technical advantages
3. Bitcash (BCH)
BCH inherits a small part of bitcoin's legacy, the name of bitcoin's cash is also good, and the image logo also inherits a part of bitcoin. The ecology of BCH is also good
BCH pursues to be a world currency and an underlying platform for chain application. BCH is actively deploying the main chain expansion and developing the two-tier network to realize the ideal
the whole ecology should be made efforts from two aspects. The first direction is the expansion of the main chain, payment experience and function improvement. Capacity expansion is the guarantee to keep the certainty of monetary transaction fees very low. Improving the payment experience, including popularizing zero confirmation, pre consensus, and possibly shortening block time, are all evolving towards a better payment experience. The main chain function is perfect, including Op_ Return expansion, token issuance, new opcode addition
with the expansion of BCH main chain function, BCH based applications can be developed. The most famous are the decentralized microblog like memo, the paid download seed application like joystream, and the decentralized encrypted communication like Keyport
the second direction is to develop layer-2 network. Build a new blockchain based on BCH network, such as wormhole and kenoken, which are similar to Ethereum network based on BCH. BCH undertakes more complex block chain functions, such as notification contract, through two-layer network. The competition direction of BCH layer 2 network is to compete with the side chain of BTC
4. Lightning bitcoin (LBTC)
bitcoin has been developing for 10 years. In this decade, bitcoin has experienced three important splits, and now it has become four kinds of currencies. The first is BTC, which has inherited most of bitcoin's heritage; The second is BCH; The third is BSV and the fourth is LBTC
LBTC was born to break the power monopoly of big miner and bitcoin core bitcoin, introce more new features and functions for bitcoin, and greatly improve its performance. Lightning bitcoin (LBTC) is a peer-to-peer e-cash system, which is an innovative experiment based on bitcoin. It uses the dpos consensus mechanism based on utxo to separate the voting right and accounting right, so that the token will not be kidnapped by any party. It is a global value Internet transmission protocol with high speed, low handling charge and high scalability. Due to the adoption of dpos consensus mechanism, users can participate without professional mining machines, achieving real decentralization
the above four are the most mainstream bifurcated versions of bitcoin protocol. They are also investment procts that can realize your desire of soaring wealth. Senior managers can play with them, but the premise is that you need to be prepared for huge losses - because they are very volatile
for Xiao, I would like to say: Although virtual currency is a secret weapon for ordinary people to counter attack the sudden wealth, it's very difficult for you to make a lot of money from it
in addition, at present, the price of virtual bitcoin is at a high level, and it can not be ruled out that it will mainly be sideways in 2019. At this time, I think it is a good choice to some other mainstream bifurcation currencies, such as BCH, BSV and LBTC.
as you can understand it, it's like the stock of these technology service providers. As these technologies become more and more widely used, these virtual coins will become more and more valuable
bitcoin, which appeared in 2009, is the first kind of virtual currency in the world. It is also the first time that it has applied the blockchain technology which is popular all over the world
after bitcoin, there are many imitators in the market. They either improved on the basis of bitcoin, or put forward more grand technical ideas than bitcoin. Virtual currency, which is common in other markets and considered as "regular army" by instry insiders, is collectively referred to as competitive currency. Together with bitcoin, it forms the whole digital currency market, with a total market value of nearly 100 billion US dollars
there are thousands of virtual currencies in the market, most of which are risky; In addition, there are many MLM coins that are simply for the purpose of deceiving people< In order to help you avoid being cheated, the following is a brief introction to the main "regular army":
1. Bitcoin (BTC)
bitcoin is the first virtual currency in the world, with a total of 21 million. At present, more than 16 million bitcoins have been "g up", with a total market value of about US $45 billion, equivalent to half of the total market value of all virtual coins. It is well deserved to be the number one in the coin circle
bitcoin has been accepted as payment currency by hundreds of thousands of businesses around the world; In addition, bitcoin has also become a common money raising currency in various blockchain technology startups. Therefore, with the increasing demand for bitcoin, the value of bitcoin is likely to grow in the long run
2. Eth is regarded as "bitcoin version 2.0" and is the most likely competitor to surpass the market value of bitcoin. Some time ago, the market value of bitcoin was close to that of bitcoin. However, e to the price rection in the recent month, the market value of bitcoin is only about half of that of bitcoin
Ethernet coin was born in the summer of 2014. It is issued on the Ethereum blockchain, which is different from bitcoin. Ethereum blockchain is a decentralized application platform, which solves the problems of bitcoin's technical limitation in currency application and insufficient function expansion, so it has great technical advantages
3. Bitcash (BCH)
BCH inherits a small part of bitcoin's legacy, the name of bitcoin's cash is also good, and the image logo also inherits a part of bitcoin. The ecology of BCH is also good
BCH pursues to be a world currency and an underlying platform for chain application. BCH is actively deploying the main chain expansion and developing the two-tier network to realize the ideal
the whole ecology should be made efforts from two aspects. The first direction is the expansion of the main chain, payment experience and function improvement. Capacity expansion is the guarantee to keep the certainty of monetary transaction fees very low. Improving the payment experience, including popularizing zero confirmation, pre consensus, and possibly shortening block time, are all evolving towards a better payment experience. The main chain function is perfect, including Op_ Return expansion, token issuance, new opcode addition
with the expansion of BCH main chain function, BCH based applications can be developed. The most famous are the decentralized microblog like memo, the paid download seed application like joystream, and the decentralized encrypted communication like Keyport
the second direction is to develop layer-2 network. Build a new blockchain based on BCH network, such as wormhole and kenoken, which are similar to Ethereum network based on BCH. BCH undertakes more complex block chain functions, such as notification contract, through two-layer network. The competition direction of BCH layer 2 network is to compete with the side chain of BTC
4. Lightning bitcoin (LBTC)
bitcoin has been developing for 10 years. In this decade, bitcoin has experienced three important splits, and now it has become four kinds of currencies. The first is BTC, which has inherited most of bitcoin's heritage; The second is BCH; The third is BSV and the fourth is LBTC
LBTC was born to break the power monopoly of big miner and bitcoin core bitcoin, introce more new features and functions for bitcoin, and greatly improve its performance. Lightning bitcoin (LBTC) is a peer-to-peer e-cash system, which is an innovative experiment based on bitcoin. It uses the dpos consensus mechanism based on utxo to separate the voting right and accounting right, so that the token will not be kidnapped by any party. It is a global value Internet transmission protocol with high speed, low handling charge and high scalability. Due to the adoption of dpos consensus mechanism, users can participate without professional mining machines, achieving real decentralization
the above four are the most mainstream bifurcated versions of bitcoin protocol. They are also investment procts that can realize your desire of soaring wealth. Senior managers can play with them, but the premise is that you need to be prepared for huge losses - because they are very volatile
for Xiao, I would like to say: Although virtual currency is a secret weapon for ordinary people to counter attack the sudden wealth, it's very difficult for you to make a lot of money from it
in addition, at present, the price of virtual bitcoin is at a high level, and it can not be ruled out that it will mainly be sideways in 2019. At this time, I think it is a good choice to some other mainstream bifurcation currencies, such as BCH, BSV and LBTC.
7. A lot of people are still alive with fun step. There are still people playing in the fun bar. The GEC environmental protection currency is still rising as a benchmark. I think many small organizations and many public security official account are all water army statements. They are not credible. br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 5rcjo-0-0"& gt;
as shown in the picture above, some people even blame Xiaobian for revealing secrets. In 17, GEC only paid 7 cents a piece. And now there are thousands. Unfortunately, in the 17 years, I haven't written the official account, so I didn't delay the gamblers' financial resources. At that time, you can make money by buying bitcoin, buying a house, and buying a lot of blue chip stocks, such as Maotai. Even now, there are many investment channels, so why play a fraud
there are so many articles revealing that GEC environmental protection currency is a fraud on the Internet. Many people watch GEC currency rising. Some people regret playing it, and some new people rush into it. It's obviously a Ponzi scheme. Why can't it fail after three years? Not only can it fail, but also can it appreciate
a city goes to the countryside, promotes secretly, and the fresh blood is increasing<
take a look first, pyramid selling "GEC environmental protection coin" focuses on rural areas in Henan Province
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" a0sf4-0-0"& gt;<
in less than three years, GEC has developed members in Yunnan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, advocating that "GEC price will surpass bitcoin". GEC, which is in internal trading, has also been regulated from US $0.01 to US $200 in three years. Now, the project has begun to attract members in some rural areas of Henan Province&# 8203;<
the three-year secret promotion now appears in Henan
at present, judging from the number of registered users officially announced by GEC of 2 million, its scale has surpassed the previous capital market plustoken which swept the world and then collapsed. As early as June 2019, the world environmental protection foundation, the initiator of GEC, was identified as an illegal social organization by Zhejiang Provincial Department of civil affairs< br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 3lpfg-0-0"& gt;<
the world environmental entrepreneurship foundation is listed as an illegal organization
in fact, since 2017, mainstream media have been exposing the deceptive nature of the project, but the promotion track of the project has graally shifted from Yunnan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang to inland areas in three years.
there are many readers in the city, who know much about it, but it is not easy to cheat, Now this kind of MLM fund is permeating every small city, town and country crazily
after brainwashing, the members of the second ring coin protection group become mad demons, pull up prices and throw money to buy coins:
▋ one of the crazy members: selling blood to buy coins
in the circle of GEC coins, there is a story of "heroine" selling blood to buy coins< br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" cr76-0-0"& gt;< br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 6kj54-0-0"& gt;<
if you are really a heroine...
▋ one of the crazy members: divorce your wife in order to buy money
some people divorce their wife directly because their wife opposes GEC:
enteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 1thcq-0-0"& gt;<
▋ crazy members: selling factories to buy money
some people have stopped doing business and sold factories to buy money. By the way, they continue to advertise for GEC in their circle of friends:
nteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" agqgj-0-0"& gt;< br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 4b10j-0-0"& gt;
do you think they are crazy
their relatives and friends feel the same way:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 8eoqv-0-0"& gt;<
there are also those who have been cut off from the mother daughter relationship by the mother engaged in GEC:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" bclfi-0-0"& gt;
some people's relatives said that "even if a capital crime is committed, it should be done":
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" o3bn-0-0"& gt;<
someone's relative has sold a house for this:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" ce2qc-0-0"& gt;<
the three project parties reced their expenditures, and various strict rules were issued:
GEC environmental protection coin has the most stringent Title Regulation in history:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 3bbj-0-0"& gt;
if you don't log in for 30 days, you will be blocked...
once you are blocked, all the assets inside will be frozen and can't be taken out
does it sound unheard of and unreasonable
some people said with a smile that you spent dozens of yuan to buy bitcoin for N years and then found yourself a multimillionaire. And if you spend tens of millions to buy GEC environmental protection coin, 30 days without online, it will be cleared! Ha ha ha ha. How real< Four, players are very humble and can only ask for unsealing:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" ak5iq-0-0"& gt;
all kinds of methods limit users to sell money, and the project side operates the price to attract new people< br /> The above points are the reason why the environmental protection coin can live for three years. The most terrible thing is that they actually go deep into the seven or eight tier small cities, deep into the countryside, deceive the elderly, sell houses, take out coffin books, and even students' tuition fees! How heartless
if you can be down-to-earth, you will think about it. Where does the money come from when there are so many people making money in the environmental protection coin? What services does eco coin provide? If you don't have a complete business activity, you can invest money. That's gambling
if one day the Huanhe coin collapses, these crazy people will become poor people, and this is the hatefulness of these poor people< br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 5rcjo-0-0"& gt;
as shown in the picture above, some people even blame Xiaobian for revealing secrets. In 17, GEC only paid 7 cents a piece. And now there are thousands. Unfortunately, in the 17 years, I haven't written the official account, so I didn't delay the gamblers' financial resources. At that time, you can make money by buying bitcoin, buying a house, and buying a lot of blue chip stocks, such as Maotai. Even now, there are many investment channels, so why play a fraud
there are so many articles revealing that GEC environmental protection currency is a fraud on the Internet. Many people watch GEC currency rising. Some people regret playing it, and some new people rush into it. It's obviously a Ponzi scheme. Why can't it fail after three years? Not only can it fail, but also can it appreciate
a city goes to the countryside, promotes secretly, and the fresh blood is increasing<
take a look first, pyramid selling "GEC environmental protection coin" focuses on rural areas in Henan Province
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" a0sf4-0-0"& gt;<
in less than three years, GEC has developed members in Yunnan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, advocating that "GEC price will surpass bitcoin". GEC, which is in internal trading, has also been regulated from US $0.01 to US $200 in three years. Now, the project has begun to attract members in some rural areas of Henan Province&# 8203;<
the three-year secret promotion now appears in Henan
at present, judging from the number of registered users officially announced by GEC of 2 million, its scale has surpassed the previous capital market plustoken which swept the world and then collapsed. As early as June 2019, the world environmental protection foundation, the initiator of GEC, was identified as an illegal social organization by Zhejiang Provincial Department of civil affairs< br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 3lpfg-0-0"& gt;<
the world environmental entrepreneurship foundation is listed as an illegal organization
in fact, since 2017, mainstream media have been exposing the deceptive nature of the project, but the promotion track of the project has graally shifted from Yunnan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang to inland areas in three years.
there are many readers in the city, who know much about it, but it is not easy to cheat, Now this kind of MLM fund is permeating every small city, town and country crazily
after brainwashing, the members of the second ring coin protection group become mad demons, pull up prices and throw money to buy coins:
▋ one of the crazy members: selling blood to buy coins
in the circle of GEC coins, there is a story of "heroine" selling blood to buy coins< br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" cr76-0-0"& gt;< br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 6kj54-0-0"& gt;<
if you are really a heroine...
▋ one of the crazy members: divorce your wife in order to buy money
some people divorce their wife directly because their wife opposes GEC:
enteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 1thcq-0-0"& gt;<
▋ crazy members: selling factories to buy money
some people have stopped doing business and sold factories to buy money. By the way, they continue to advertise for GEC in their circle of friends:
nteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" agqgj-0-0"& gt;< br />
ntenteditable=" false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 4b10j-0-0"& gt;
do you think they are crazy
their relatives and friends feel the same way:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 8eoqv-0-0"& gt;<
there are also those who have been cut off from the mother daughter relationship by the mother engaged in GEC:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" bclfi-0-0"& gt;
some people's relatives said that "even if a capital crime is committed, it should be done":
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" o3bn-0-0"& gt;<
someone's relative has sold a house for this:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" ce2qc-0-0"& gt;<
the three project parties reced their expenditures, and various strict rules were issued:
GEC environmental protection coin has the most stringent Title Regulation in history:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" 3bbj-0-0"& gt;
if you don't log in for 30 days, you will be blocked...
once you are blocked, all the assets inside will be frozen and can't be taken out
does it sound unheard of and unreasonable
some people said with a smile that you spent dozens of yuan to buy bitcoin for N years and then found yourself a multimillionaire. And if you spend tens of millions to buy GEC environmental protection coin, 30 days without online, it will be cleared! Ha ha ha ha. How real< Four, players are very humble and can only ask for unsealing:
ntenteditable = & quot; false" data-block=" true" data-editor=" ie7b" data-offset-key=" ak5iq-0-0"& gt;
all kinds of methods limit users to sell money, and the project side operates the price to attract new people< br /> The above points are the reason why the environmental protection coin can live for three years. The most terrible thing is that they actually go deep into the seven or eight tier small cities, deep into the countryside, deceive the elderly, sell houses, take out coffin books, and even students' tuition fees! How heartless
if you can be down-to-earth, you will think about it. Where does the money come from when there are so many people making money in the environmental protection coin? What services does eco coin provide? If you don't have a complete business activity, you can invest money. That's gambling
if one day the Huanhe coin collapses, these crazy people will become poor people, and this is the hatefulness of these poor people< br />
8. First you need to have an okex account and then pass the contract test.
9.
This is a Linux system IP address configuration command. The specific meaning is:
set the IP address of the system to 192.168.0.2; The subnet mask is 24, that is 255.255.255.0; The broadcast address is 192.168.0.255; The name of NIC device is eth0
all computers in the network must set a unique IP address to communicate normally. Because of this unique address, users can select the objects they need from thousands of computers efficiently and conveniently when they operate on networked computers
The IP address is just like our home address. If you want to write to a person, you need to know his or her address so that the postman can deliver the letter. A computer sending information is like a postman. It must know the only "home address" to avoid sending the letter to the wrong person. But our address is expressed in words, the address of the computer is expressed in binary numbers eth0 is the name set by the system for the network card. If there are al network cards or multiple network cards, there will be names like eth1 and eth2. The name can be set artificially. It is the unique name of the network card in the current computer system
10. High yield, good security, understand the interstellar cloud.
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