Principle of miner calculation
behind the scenes, the entire bitcoin network shares a public ledger called "blockchain.". This general ledger contains every transaction processed, so that the user's computer can verify the validity of each transaction. The authenticity of each transaction is protected by the electronic signature corresponding to the sending address, which enables users to have complete control over the bitcoin transferred out from their own bitcoin address. In addition, anyone can use the computing power of specialized hardware to process transactions and get a bitcoin reward for it. This service is often referred to as "mining."
bitcoin mining has gone through three stages of development. When bitcoin was just born, the price of bitcoin was very low. People just took bitcoin as a game and used their ordinary computers to mine. However, in 2012, with the rise of bitcoin price, people found that the mining speed of graphics cards was fast, so, People began to buy a large number of graphics cards and assemble them for mining, commonly known as "burning graphics cards"; The third stage is the well-known ASIC miner mining. Since Avalon proced the world's first ASIC bitcoin miner, bitcoin mining has been completely subverted, and mining has become a special professional thing.
then other miners will start to package the transaction generated by your new package until the next package comes out first
in the future, the mining capacity of bitcoin will be small or even zero. You still have transaction fees. The system will always need miners, and mining machines will still exist.
In short, mining is the use of chips for a random number related calculation, get the answer in exchange for a virtual currency. Virtual currency can be exchanged for the currency of each country through some way. The stronger the computing power, the faster the chip can find this random answer. Theoretically, the more virtual coins can be proced per unit time. Because it's about random numbers, you can only get rewards if you happen to find the answer
In his paper, Nakamoto stated:"in the absence of central authority, it not only encourages miners to support bitcoin network, but also enables bitcoin's currency circulation system to have the initial source of money injection."
Nakamoto compares the generation of bitcoin by consuming CPU power and time to the consumption of resources by gold mines to inject gold into the economy. Bitcoin mining and node software mainly initiates zero knowledge proof and verification transactions through peer-to-peer network, digital signature and interactive proof system
each network node concts broadcast transactions to the network. After these broadcast transactions are verified by miners (computers on the network), miners can use their own work proof results to express their confirmation. The confirmed transactions will be packaged into data blocks, and the data blocks will form a continuous data block chain
Nakamoto himself designed the first version of bitcoin mining program, which was later developed into the first generation of widely used mining software bitcoin, which was popular from 2009 to mid-2010
each bitcoin node will collect all the unconfirmed transactions and gather them into a data block. The miner node will add a random adjustment number and calculate the SHA-256 hash value of the previous data block. The mining node tries again and again until it finds the random adjustment number so that the hash value is lower than a specific target
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at the earliest, bitcoin miners were mining through Intel or AMD CPU procts. But because mining is a computing intensive application, and with the continuous improvement of mining number and equipment performance, the difficulty graally increases, now using CPU mining has no profit or even loss
as of 2012, since the first quarter of 2013, miners graally began to use GPU or FPGA and other mining equipment [5]. At the same time, a large number of ASIC devices were launched in mid 2013
since July 2013, the computing power of the whole network has shown a straight-line rise e to the large number of ASIC equipment put into operation. Based on the average computing power in July 2013, all CPU mining equipment has been unable to generate positive revenue, and FPGA equipment is close to no revenue
according to the estimation of average computing power in September 2013, the existing small ASIC mining equipment developed for indivials will also be close to no positive revenue in the next 1-2 months. A large amount of computing power is monopolized by cluster ASIC mining equipment with 5 th ash / s or more. Because of no profit, indivial mining is almost squeezed out of mining groups. Some bitcoin miners have raised funds to build machine rooms and install a large number of mining equipment in places where low-cost electricity can be obtained
in order to save the cost of mining, some bitcoin miners make mining programs into malicious programs to infect other people's computers on the network to mine for themselves
when building bitcoin, Nakamoto wants bitcoin to be a decentralized currency, not only for use and trading, but also for mining. But it backfired. With the increasing value of cryptocurrency such as bitcoin, mining has become an instry. The competition is more and more fierce, and the pursuit of mining computing power is higher and higher. Therefore, from ordinary computer mining, ASIC mining machine and GPU mining machine have evolved
the algorithm of ASIC mining machine is almost sha256, while the algorithm of GPU mining is different. For example, the algorithm of BTG is equihash, and the algorithm of BCD is optimized x13. Although it is not absolute, it can be simply considered that the currency of sha256 algorithm is generally mined by ASIC mining machine. Other algorithms are basically using GPU miner. There are also exceptions. Scrypt's Leyte coin used to be mined by GPU miner, but later scrypt's algorithm was also conquered by ASIC chips, such as ant miner L3 +, which is the ASIC miner used to dig Leyte coin
ASIC miner refers to the miner that uses ASIC chip as the core of computing power. ASIC is the abbreviation of application specific integrated circuit, which is a kind of electronic circuit (chip) specially designed for a specific purpose. Some mining machinery factories have designed ASIC chips specially for computing the sha256 algorithm of bitcoin, and the mining machinery using them is ASIC mining machinery. Because ASIC chip is only built for specific computing, its efficiency can be much higher than that of CPU. For example, the current mainstream ant miner S9 is ASIC miner, which uses 189 ASIC chips, the computing power reaches 13.5th/s, and the power consumption is only 1350W. As a comparison, the computing power of gtx1080ti, the flagship computer graphics card, will not exceed 60mh / s even if it is optimized well. The difference is tens of thousands of times
GPU miner refers to the miner that uses GPU graphics card as the core of computing power. Cryptocurrencies such as Ethereum, bitcoin and diamond use graphics algorithms, so the speed of computing with graphics card will be the highest. Compared with ASIC miner, GPU miner is more well-known, because it is a computer with enhanced graphics card configurationthe purpose of GPU miner is to make money, so we should pursue the power consumption ratio and maximum profit, so we should pay attention to the cost performance. Generally, the medium and high-end positioning graphics cards, such as AMD rx560 and rx570, have high power consumption ratio, which is a good choice for GPU miner. While flagship cards such as gtx1080ti and AMD vega64 have the strongest single card performance, they are not cost-effective in terms of price and power consumption
in addition, the ASIC miner also has some exotic procts, such as the USB miner of burning cat, which is slightly larger than the U disk, and the power consumption is only 2.25w, which is the smallest bitcoin miner at present
< / blockquote >the above quoted digcoin.com - "Introction to mining machinery classification" has many professional terms. I hope it can help you, thank you
Bitcoin mining is a process of using computer hardware to do mathematical calculation for bitcoin network to confirm transactions and improve security
IPFs mining machine is not so much mining as charging rent. Why do you say that? If there is a user's demand for storage, the miner will rent his miner's memory as storage space, and the user will pay the miner filecoin as a reward
the working principle is simple: the user's storage demand is equivalent to didi express order, while the miner's job is to grab the order. The closer the distance, the higher the priority. Where the users are most concentrated must be Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, so the miners from Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou have a natural advantage
compared with the traditional miner, the IPFs miner like interstellar Aoyun has advantages. It doesn't need a lot of computation, it has no noise, it consumes less power, and it's almost perfect. Even renting storage space is a bit of sharing economy, and it also requires miners to have better network speed and hard disk, fair competition, and good upward effect on the development of the whole ecology.