Can gypsum mine roadheader be mined
the undercover amount of roadheader can be divided into two types: the undercover amount of cutting department and the undercover amount of shipping department
the undercover amount of the cutting part (gun head) refers to the distance from the ground to the lowest point of the cutting head when the lifting cylinder is fully retracted
the undercover amount of the loading Department (shovel plate) refers to the distance from the ground to the top of the shovel plate when the shovel plate cylinder is fully extended.
Working principle: as the walking mechanism moves forward, the cutting head in the working mechanism continuously breaks the rock and transports the broken rock away. Under the axial pressure of the propulsion oil cylinder, the electric motor drives the cutter head to rotate to cut and crush the rock. There is a scoop bucket around it, which is unloaded onto the transport belt with the rotation. Hard rock doesn't need support, while soft rock can be sprayed, poured with concrete or assembled with prefabricated blocks
the cutter head working mechanism of roadheader is a cutter head which cuts the rock layer on the whole section of tunnel, which is divided into two types: plane cutter head and spherical cutter head. The disc is equipped with dozens of hobs, which are arranged in concentric shaft type, planetary shaft type, etc. The cutter head working mechanism is separated from other parts by a baffle plate. A spray device and a st suction device are arranged in front of the baffle for st removal. There is a cab behind the baffle, sound insulation equipment, hydraulic control valve and laser guiding equipment in it, which is convenient to control the direction of the roadheader according to the design axis of the tunnel
when tunneling, the motor drives each transmission mechanism to make the cutter head of the working mechanism rotate, and the hydraulic cylinder presses the cutter to the rock wall of the working face. Under the action of axial thrust, the blades of all hobs press against the rock wall and roll continuously. At this time, the rock is crushed by the extrusion force of the blade, and the whole rock wall of the working face is carved with grooves and rock circles of concentric rings (or hypocycloids); At the same time, the lateral force proced by the wedge on both sides of the hob squeezing the groove will shear and break the rock circle. The fallen ballast is picked up by several continuously rotating loading buckets in turn. When it is turned to the highest position, it is unloaded into the receiving groove of the belt conveyor, and then transferred to the rail car and transported out of the tunnel
extended data:
features of roadheader: the power of roadheader is strong, and it is combined operation, so the driving speed is high; At the same time, the tunnel wall is even, the over excavation is small (only 1 / 4 of the drilling and blasting method), and the lining material can be saved; Because there is no need for blasting, it will not disturb the surrounding rock, and the operation is automatic, and the construction safety can be guaranteed. The disadvantage of this method is that it is large and specific, and can not adapt to different shapes and sizes of tunnel section; It is also difficult to maintain in work; Due to the high investment in the initial stage of construction, it is uneconomic to excavate a short tunnel
Application of roadheader: roadheader has been successfully used in tunnel construction in hard clay, shale, sandstone, limestone, granite and other rock strata, and both horizontal and inclined tunnels can be used; The diameter of the tunnel is from 2.4m to 10.8m. Since the emergence of tunnel boring machine in 1950s, it has been used in mine transportation roadway, water diversion and discharge tunnel, mountain tunnel and underwater tunnel for traffic and cavern for atomic energy engineering
it has been developed in China since the mid-1960s. After nearly 20 years of use and improvement, the structure of the main engine has been basically finalized and the technical performance is improving day by day. It has been able to effectively use the disc cutter to excavate the medium hard rock with the compressive strength of 200 MPa; Driving hard rock with 250 MPa compressive strength by ball tooth (tungsten carbide) hob. For the extremely hard rock with compressive strength over 300 MPa, it is unreasonable economically because of the severe tool wear. At present, further research is being done on the tool life and rock breaking mechanism of roadheader, and high pressure jet is used as auxiliary rock breaking
source of reference:
Network TBM
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