Mine pool attack

1. < UL >

this is mainly e to the 51% attack, because before some of the world's well-known mines, e to the low rate and convenient use, many miners went to those large mines to mine. As a result, the computing power of the mines soared, approaching or even exceeding 51% of the global computing power many times

bitcoin community has also raised a big discussion about 51% attack for many times,. The mine pool operators also called on the miners to move to other mines in a responsible manner, and finally 51% of the attacks were solved. Many of China's miners have moved to fish ponds

most of the new miners have joined the fish pond because they don't know about the global mine ponds, and many of the previous mines have died e to poor management

2. Unable to connect to mine pool, try again in 20 seconds. 1. No network. 2. Another wave of attacks on the spark pool.

3.

Mine pool refers to:

as the computing level of the whole bitcoin network continues to rise exponentially, a single device or a small amount of computing power can not get the block reward provided by the bitcoin network on the bitcoin network

after the computing power of the whole network has been improved to a certain extent, the low probability of getting rewards has prompted some geeks on "bitcoin talk" to develop a method that can combine a small amount of computing power and operate jointly, and the website established in this way is called "mine pool"

extended data:

the existence of the mine pool reces the difficulty of bitcoin and other virtual digital currency mining, reces the mining threshold, and truly realizes the bitcoin mining concept that everyone can participate in

but its disadvantages are also very obvious, because computing power is connected to the mine pool. As a mine pool, it will have huge computing power resources. In the bitcoin world, computing power represents the bookkeeping right, and computing power is everything. If the computing power of a single mine pool reaches more than 50%, it will be easy to launch 51% attacks against virtual digital currencies such as bitcoin, The consequences are very terrible:

the mine pool can make the mine pool with 49% of the remaining computing power have no harvest, instantly quit the competition and go bankrupt. The mine pool's computing power exceeds 50%. If 51% attack is launched, it will easily occupy all the effective computing power of the whole network

4. The proction of virtual currency needs a professional team, but if you make a direct currency, there is no wallet, there is no maintenance, and it's just a pure number, it's much simpler, the cost is very low, and a trading platform is thousands of yuan. However, there are serious loopholes in this platform and it is easy to be attacked
if you want to create a virtual currency like bitcoin, Ruitai coin and Qianjin card, you need to make some efforts. First of all, these coins need card method and a downloadable wallet. The application scenarios of this kind of currency have been determined. At the same time, you need to create a secure and reliable trading platform.

5. The main reason is that the distribution mode of bitcoin is different: according to the operation mode, the common bitcoin pools are as follows: PPLNs, PPS, DGM, P2P ool, etc.

PPLNs: (the purest Group Mining) full name is pay per last n shares, which means "pay income according to the past n shares", which means that once all miners find a block, You will allocate the currency in the block according to the proportion of each person's own shares Share means share)

in PPLNs mode, luck is very important. If the mine pool can find many blocks in a day, then everyone's dividend will be very large. If the mine pool can't find any blocks in a day, then everyone will have no income

PPS: pay per share mode --- this mode is to pay for each share immediately. The expenditure comes from the existing bitcoin funds in the mine pool, so it can be withdrawn immediately without waiting for the block generation or confirmation. In this way, the operation behind the scenes of the pool operators can be avoided. This method reces the risk of miners, but transfers the risk to the pool operator. Operators can charge fees to make up for the possible losses caused by these risks

in order to solve the problem that PPLNs sometimes has a high profit and sometimes has no profit, PPS adopts a new algorithm. PPS estimates the daily available mineral resources of the mine pool according to the proportion of your computing power in the mine pool, and gives you basically fixed income every day

do you feel that this is a stable job? In fact, in order to avoid the risk of loss, the PPS model often charges a high handling charge of 7% - 8%< DGM: Double geometric method. It combines PPLNs and geometric reward type, so that the pool operator can avoid part of the risk. The pool operator will collect part of the excavated currency in a short time, and then return it to the miners with normalized value, such as charge and discharge of electric capacity. If you are lucky, you will get less money for each block and more money for poor luck

175btc: the mining node of 175btc works on a shares chain similar to bitcoin blockchain. Because there is no center, it will not be attacked by DOS. Unlike other existing mine pool technologies, each node's working block includes bitcoin paid to the owner of shares in the early stage and the node's own bitcoin. 99% of the reward (50btc + transaction cost) will be distributed equally to miners, and the other 0.5% will be awarded to those who generate blocks

bitcoin home has a detailed introction.

6. Now the domestic mine pool has accounted for more than 60% of the computing power of the whole network, but it is no longer the only one. Mining is basically the Chinese has the final say. If several large mines unite to launch a 51% attack, it is completely feasible in theory, but it is not in their interests, so they will not do it. It's not a good thing that computing power is in the hands of a mining pool. It is very dangerous to concentrate too much on any kind of currency. However, there are also some coins that do not need to be mined, such as Ruitai.

7. The malleability of trading, also known as malleability, is the same thing (such as a lump of metal). Its essence and quality have not changed, but its shape has changed. This malleability will cause the inconsistency between transaction ID and txid, so that the user can't find the sent transaction
in the transaction data format of bitcoin, the transaction signature part is also included in the overall transaction. Finally, the overall transaction is hashed, and the transaction signature can be written in a variety of ways. If the attacker tampers with them, their functions are the same, but the byte has changed, resulting in a different signature, Some time ago, there was even a mine pool g out, which contained all the transactions that were extended attacks, bringing trouble to some applications
the change of txid may cause some applications can not find the txid when searching for it, thus affecting the status of some wallets' recharge or withdrawal, and bringing trouble to operators and users. Isolation witness is proposed to solve this problem. The transaction data and signature data are separated, so the txid of a transaction must be unique.