Monroe mining machine
mining: that is, bitcoin mining, is a process of using computer hardware to calculate the location of bitcoin and obtain it
1. Machine cost: the cost of purchasing mining machine
2. Power cost: the power cost consumed by machine mining
3. Auxiliary costs: personnel maintenance, network, cable consumables, heat dissipation, etc.
for a simple example, take the mining machine of ant S9, which consumes less power on the market, for example, the calculation power is 13.5T, and the power consumption is 1400W
when the mining machine runs for 24 hours: 1.4kw * 24 = 33.6 degrees
Shenma m3, which consumes more power on the market, has a calculation power of 11.5t, The power consumption is 2150w
under 24-hour operation, the power consumption of a single machine is 2.15kw * 24 = 51.6oc
which is roughly equivalent to the power consumption of energy-saving air conditioning, but the bitcoin miner needs 24-hour uninterrupted operation, the power consumption of a single machine is very large after a year's calculation, and the step price cost of household electricity is too high, When the market is not good, the income may not be enough for the electricity expenditure, so at present, mining will choose to be hosted in the mine, which can get cheap electricity and rece the cost price of mining. The price below 30% is the ideal price, which can keep the price of bitcoin falling to a low level, and there is still some income< According to the current mining difficulty of bitcoin:
BTC revenue per ton: 1th / s * 24h = 0.00007087btc
calculated by the comprehensive 12t machine computing power, the daily output is:
0.00007087t * 12t = 0.00085044btc
then the time required for a single machine to dig a BTC:
1 / 0.00085044 = 1175 days
the time required for ten mining machines to dig a BTC:
1 / 0.0085044 = 117 days
100 days In other words, according to the current difficulty, it takes about three years for a single miner to proce a bitcoin, 3.9 months for ten miners to dig a bitcoin, and 11.7 days for a hundred miners to dig a bitcoin. The cost of a single miner is about 8500, Ten are around 85000, one hundred is 850000, less than one million, and one month's income is more than two bitcoins. According to the current price of bitcoin, the price is about 120000. So, although the income of bitcoin mining is not as good as before, it is still considerable compared with other investment projects
however, these benefits do not include decting the cost of electricity charges and later maintenance of machines, so the premise of mining is to find a mine with low electricity charges. If the quantity is large, we need to find a safe, reliable and stable mine. What's more, we need cheap electricity to lower the cost price.
IPFs is a file transfer protocol similar to http. If IPFs wants to run, it needs many computers (storage devices) in the network as nodes. In a broad sense, all participating computers can be called IPFs mining machines
in order to attract more users to join the IPFs network and contribute to the network, an encryption currency named filecoin is designed, which is distributed to the participants (nodes) as a reward according to the amount of contributed storage space and bandwidth. In a narrow sense, the computer specially designed for the purpose of obtaining the filecoin reward is called IPFs mining machine
because IPFs network needs storage space and network bandwidth, in order to obtain the highest profit ratio, IPFs mining machine usually strengthens the storage space and reces the power consumption of the whole machine. For example, more than 10 high-capacity hard disks are equipped, Gigabit or higher speed network cards are equipped, and ultra-low power architecture processors are used
of course, the mining machine provides storage services, so it can obtain revenue. The size of revenue is related to the configuration of mining machinery and the number of IPFs mining machinery
extended data
the reasons why it is not recommended to invest in IPFs are as follows:
1. IPFs technology is too early to be commercialized
IPFs now takes up a lot of bandwidth. IPNs is very slow at present, which is an obvious technical defect. It will be very difficult to realize dynamic web pages only through IPFs
There is no reasonable economic model, even if the token economy is added, it is difficult to realize the long-term natural ecological valueas a very cumbersome decentralized protocol, it is difficult for users to share files autonomously and spontaneously. In addition, even if users share files into the protocol, the files will be completely open and users cannot delete files effectively, so the security of valid files is threatened
the solution is to introce encryption and blockchain incentive mechanism. At the same time, it solves the security and storage power problems of files. However, as mentioned before, any node with workload proof under blockchain incentive mechanism will face an economic problem of continuous power on state
It is difficult to establish an ecological network with IPFs as the core under the influence of technical problems The ecological application space ofIPFs is quite limited, and the project interaction speed realized by IPFs protocol is also very slow. Of course, it has a direct relationship with the number of nodes and the distance of calling
At the end of March this year, bitmainland launched an ant miner X3 based on ASIC, which is mainly aimed at Monroe coin (XmR) and cryptonight algorithm dependent cryptocurrency. Monroe coin immediately issued a counter statement that it will change the core algorithm to fight against the invasion of ASIC computing power
what would be the result if it appeared in the world of digital cryptocurrency? That is, the wrong calculation results may be brought into the whole network without being discovered
More importantly, if a "calculator manufacturer" monopolizes the calculator market, it can also deliberately proce this kind of calculator with errors to change the mathematical rulesafter all, the "calculation" in the field of crypto digital currency is not as simple as 1 + 2 + 3. You can't compare paper currency with special currency by hand
the practical significance of computing power monopoly in mainland China
we have learned about attacks based on 51% computing power in various articles
but the reality is that although the global power of 78% was in Chinese mainland, fortunately, they were scattered in different pools and controlled by different people. p>
although all POW based cryptocurrencies have the risk of being attacked by 51%, few people can really launch attacks e to the dispersion of computing power
but what if the miners themselves don't want to attack, but the mining machinery manufacturers attack
still using the analogy just now, although each miner subjectively wants to do the problem checking independently, their calculator is manipulated remotely and gives consistent wrong answers. This may pose a great threat to digital cryptocurrency
however, the manufacturer with the absolute voice of mining machinery had such a problem in mainland China
in April 2017, the back door of antbled came out. Although this is described as a "vulnerability" in Chinese, antbled is more like a function that has been implemented and designed
anonymous people found that after an ant miner made by bitmainland was connected to the network, it would communicate with a domain name held by bitmainland on a regular basis and return the miner's serial number, MAC address and IP address to bitmainland's server. If the server of bitcontinent gives a negative signal, the miner will stop running
although bitcontinental responded that they could not shut down any mining machines that did not belong to them. However, the bitcoin core team has proved in experiments that this function has no verification. Anyone can shut down mining machines by forging DNS - but it also means that bitcoin mainland has the ability to shut down any sold mining machines
After, bitcontinent fixed this "loophole", but it caused heated discussion in the community. This has also set the tone that almost all pow blockchain communities are biased against mainland China
a few months later, under the leadership of bitcontinent, viabtc g out the first block and made a hard bifurcation with the blockchain of bitcoin. From then on, bitcoin BCH (bitcoin cash) appeared in the world
will the monopoly of mining machinery destroy the distributed system
facing this problem, we should have a clear answer now. That is, the monopoly of mining machinery will certainly affect the safe operation of pow digital cryptocurrency
the problem is not whether bitcontinental and its founder Wu Jihan are trustworthy, but that one of the values of any blockchain system is to operate safely without trust in any single company or indivial
even if the ASIC miner is not monopolized by bitmainland, the ASIC miner itself will increase the concentration of computing power
the ASIC used for mining has great requirements for ventilation, power and site, and has no use except for mining. At the same time, the calculation difficulty of the whole network is increased e to the powerful computing power
as a result, it is very difficult for external players to start mining in the next software on the computer as they did five years ago. And the recent centralized exchange is caused by frequent black incidents, which also proves that concentration in this unregulated market will definitely lead to insecurity
assuming that the bitcoin network runs on top of one million miners, no one can shut it down. And if the bitcoin network runs on 20 large mines, it's much easier to shut it down
and by the end of 2017, 78% of the effort was concentrated in mainland China, which led to a real possibility of Chinese mainland regulators' launching a deadly attack against the special currency. p>
moreover, most of the scenarios of using digital cryptocurrency are related to "decentralization". Once centralized, it means that these scenarios no longer exist. It turns a project that might have value into a pure waste of computing power
Then, what measures should we take in the face of this situationfirst of all, as the project side, it may be time to give up the pure POW mechanism. In fact, in many projects of issuing cryptocurrency, especially in asset securitization projects. Similar to the concept of stock in the real world, POS itself is more reasonable than pow
in the media that don't know about blockchain, we often hear such words as "bitcoin wastes a lot of computing power and has no value", which is reasonable to some extent. It is difficult for a POW based blockchain to bind the value of the project itself to the issued digital cryptocurrency - because the real value behind the price of the currency does not come from the project, but from the cost of maintaining computing power
and the hybrid mode of pow + POS is more like the future. In the hybrid mode, both coin holders and miners can participate in the major decisions of this community. If a decision is widely accepted, the blockchain will be soft forked to the latest state without excessive intervention of developers, and there will be almost no private resistance of miners or mining machines
secondly, as a retail miner, if you are still digging a pure POW mechanism currency, you should unconditionally support the bifurcation activities initiated by the community to resist the ASIC mining machine, even if it will lead to the failure of your mining machine
this may sound contradictory, but in the long run, it is better to promote the reform of the community and get more benefits in a currency controlled by the monopoly of computing power. Because in many conflicts between computing power and community in the past, the ultimate result is that the computing power owner will forcibly keep the old algorithm to hard fork the blockchain
just like Eth and etc, the classic Ethereum (etc), which belongs to the computing power master, has lost the support of developers and become an air coin with no vitality and impossible to develop applications
as a retail leek, you should be careful to trade the non mainstream digital currencies (except bitcoin) supported by bitmainland mining machinery, so as to avoid falling into a blockchain in which bitmainland controls the computing power completely
finally, if you are bitcontinent, what should you do
bitcontinent's goal is to become Intel, AMD and NVIDIA, make greater contributions to the whole computer instry, and become a great company, not just entangled in the immediate interests of mining
Wall Street financiers have long seen through the violence brought about by NVIDIA's video card mining. The rise and fall of the company's stock price has been consistent with the price of bitcoin, and even affected by the digital currency market. Citron, a well-known short seller, has recently been bearish on NVIDIA, arguing that the company has focused too much on providing services for digital currency miners rather than on serious businesses such as artificial intelligence, games and driverless driving
the mission of chip manufacturers is to provide more powerful chips to drive more intelligent services, and finally contribute to the real world, rather than become monopoly tycoons in the virtual world. When we no longer enter the gate of the virtual world, the only thing left is a deserted land
in an interview with US media last year, Wu Jihan disclosed that he would make an IPO with a market value of billions of dollars. As a company about to go public, bitmainland should not only be responsible to investors, but also accept investors' questions about the sustainability of its business. "If your mining machinery goes public, it will encounter a fork, what should you do?"
and this question, which needs to be asked after the listing, has already appeared: the current price of the split coin xmo after the Monroe team split is $7.50, while the current price of the real Monroe coin XmR is $194, and the split coin is completely abandoned by the Monroe community
before bitcontinent becomes the name of all blockchain communities, we can rely on the huge amount of capital accumulated in recent years to transform into an artificial intelligence chip company along the previous plan, rather than continue to develop a variety of digital currency mining machines to extract the last drop of oil before the ecological collapse
content source: phoenix.com
Graphics card digging Monroe is really better than other currencies, the income will be higher! Of course, digging eth is also a good choice
this is my own video card miner. The mining software uses ha Yu miner , (the reason why I choose this software is that ha Yu does not pump water ) there are about 12 pieces per day
Aries clothing = constellation badge + sheep BAABAA (sheep Baa Baa is bought in the mall, gold coins × 20)
Gemini clothing = constellation badge + double row chocolate (double row chocolate can be mined). Pure guess luck)
Leo clothing = constellation badge + love gift box (love gift box mining can get, also can buy from players)
Virgo clothing = constellation badge + snow wool (snow wool can raise sheep, also can buy from other players)
Taurus clothing = constellation badge + Taurus (Taurus can buy in the mall, gold coins) × 2)
Scorpio clothing = constellation badge + Blue Crystal (blue crystal can only be obtained by mining)
Sagittarius clothing = constellation badge + Cupid's arrow (Cupid's arrow can be purchased from other players or sent by your boyfriend / girlfriend)
Capricorn clothing = constellation badge + wool (wool can raise sheep by itself, You can also buy it from other players)
Pisces costume = constellation badge + Aquarium (aquarium can go to mine, open treasure box and buy it from other players)
Aquarius costume = constellation badge + Black T-shaped water pipe + black straight water pipe (two items can be purchased from other players through mining)
I have finished this task for Libra costume and cancer costume. So I forgot what I needed.
[introction]
a world-famous American electrician and inventor, known as the "king of invention in the world". In addition to his invention and contribution in phonograph, electric lamp, telephone, telegraph, film and other fields, he also has many famous creations and insights in mining, construction, chemical instry and other fields. Edison had about 2000 inventions in his life, which made great contributions to the civilization and progress of mankind
Edison was also a great entrepreneur. In 1879, Edison founded "Edison Electric lighting company". In 1880, incandescent lamps went on sale. In 1890, Edison had established its various businesses into Edison General Electric Company. In 1891, Edison's thin filament and high purity blank incandescent bulb were patented. In 1892, Tom was born; Houston incorporated with Edison power lighting to form general electric company. General Electric began to dominate the electric field for a century< Edison was born on February 11, 1847 in Milan, Ohio, USA. His father is a descendant of the Dutch, and his mother, a former primary school teacher, is a descendant of the Scots. When Edison was seven years old, his father lost money in the tile business and moved his family to Fort gratiott, a northern suburb of Huron, Michigan. Soon after he moved here, Edison suffered from scarlet fever, which is believed to be the cause of his deafness. Edison went to school at the age of 8, but after only three months of reading, he was expelled from school by his teacher as an "imbecile". From then on, his mother was his "tutor.". Because of his mother's good ecation method, he became interested in reading“ He not only read extensively, but also read everything at a glance. At the age of 8, he read the most important playwright of the English Renaissance William; Shakespeare, Dickens and many important historical books. At the age of 9, he can quickly read difficult books, such as nature and experimental philosophy by Parker. When I was 10 years old, I loved chemistry. At the age of 11, he experimented with his first telegram. In order to make money to buy chemicals and equipment, he began to work. At the age of 12, he got a job selling newspapers on trains, traveling between Port Huron and Detroit, Michigan. He sells newspapers while doing fruit and vegetable business. Whenever he has time, he goes to the library to read. He bought an old printing press and began to publish his weekly, the herald, the first of which was printed on the train. With the money he earned, he set up a chemical laboratory on the luggage cart. Unfortunately, once a chemical caught fire and he and his equipment were thrown out of the car. Another time, while Edison was trying to get on a freight train, a conctor grabbed his ears to help him get on. This action led Edison to be deaf for life< In August 1862, Edison rescued a boy who was about to die on the train track with great courage. The father was grateful for this, but he was willing to teach him telegraph technology because he had no money to pay for it. From then on, Edison had a relationship with this mysterious new world of electricity and embarked on the journey of science< In 1863, Edison served as the telegrapher of Stratford junction station on the main line railway. From 1864 to 1867, he worked as a telegraph operator in the central and western regions and lived a life similar to wandering. The footprints include Stratford, Adrian, Fort Wayne, Indianapolis, Connecticut, Nashville, Tennessee, Memphis, Louisville and Huron< In 1868, Edison came to Boston as a telegraph operator. In the same year, he obtained the first patent for invention. This is an automatic voting device. Edison thought the device would speed up the work of Congress, and it would be popular. However, one congressman told him that they had no intention of speeding up the agenda and that sometimes voting slowly was out of political need. From then on, Edison decided not to invent anything that people didn't need< In early June 1869, he came to New York to look for a job. While he was waiting for a call in an agent's office, a telegraph broke down. Edison was the only one there who could fix the telegraph, so he got a better job than he expected. In October, he and Popper set up a "Popper Edison Company" to specialize in scientific instruments for electrical engineering. Here, he invented the "Edison universal press". He dedicated the press to the manager of a big Wall Street company. He wanted to ask for $5000, but he didn't have the courage to say it. So he asked the manager to give him a price, and the manager gave him $40000
Edison used the money to build a factory on ward street in Newark, New Jersey, specializing in various electrical machinery. He works all night. He trained a lot of capable assistants. At the same time, he ran into the diligent Mary Stilwell, his first bride in the future. In Newark, he made such inventions as wax paper and mimeograph. From 1872 to 1875, Edison invented the double Telegraph and quadruple telegraph, and helped others build the world's first English typewriter< In the spring of 1876, Edison moved to "Monroe Park" in New Jersey. He built the first "invention factory" here, which "marks the beginning of collective research". In 1877, Edison improved the telephone invented by Bell and put it into practical use. He also invented his favorite project, the phonograph. Telephone and Telegraph "is a revolution to expand human sensory function"; Gramophone is one of the three great inventions that changed people's lives. "From the perspective of invention imagination, this is his extremely important invention achievement.". By this time, people called him "the magician of Monroe Park"< When Edison invented the phonograph, he finally made a breakthrough in the research of electric lamp after numerous failures. On October 22, 1879, Edison lit the first electric lamp with wide practical value. In order to extend the life of the filament, he retested, and tried out more than 6000 kinds of fiber materials before finding a new luminous body, Japanese bamboo silk, which lasted for more than 1000 hours, and achieved a rable purpose. In a way, this invention is the highest achievement of Edison's life. Then he created a power supply system that allowed distant lamps to be distributed from a central power station, a major technological achievement
his first discovery in pure science appeared in 1883. When experimenting with electric lamps, he observed what he called the Edison effect: an electric charge in the lighted bulb passes through space from the hot filament to the cold plate. Edison patented the discovery in 1884, but did not study it further. Other scientists used the Edison effect to develop the electronic instry, especially radio and television
Edison tried to do what the phonograph did for the ear for the eye, and the film camera was born here. Using a new Celluloid film invented by George Eastman, he took a series of photos and projected them onto the screen quickly and continuously, creating the illusion of movement. He first experimented with films in the laboratory in 1889 and patented them in 1891. In 1903, his company proced the first feature film "train robbery". Edison did a lot of work for the formation and standardization of the film instry< After Edison moved his laboratory to West Orange in 1887, he founded many commercial companies to make procts and promote sales for his various inventions; These companies later merged into Edison General Electric Company, later known as general electric company. Since then, his interest has shifted to fluorimetry, ore crushers, magnetic separation of iron, batteries and railway signaling devices
ring the first World War, he developed torpedo mechanism, flamethrower and underwater periscope< On October 21, 1929, on the 50th anniversary of the invention of electric light, people held a grand celebration for Edison; Einstein, Madame Curie of the French Republic and other famous scientists congratulated him one after another. Unfortunately, at this celebration, when Edison delivered his reply, he suddenly fainted e to excessive excitement. From then on, his health went from bad to worse. On October 18, 1931, the scientist who had made great contributions to mankind died of illness at the age of 84
Edison's ecation level is very low, but his contribution to mankind is so great. What's the "secret" here? In addition to a curious heart, he has an instinct to test himself, that is, he has the infinite energy and bold spirit of extraordinary hard work. When someone called Edison a "genius", he explained: "genius is two percent inspiration and ninety-eight percent perspiration." In the "invention factory", he organized many people of different professions, including more than 100 scientists, engineers, technicians and workers. Many of Edison's major inventions were successful thanks to this collective force. His achievements are mainly e to his hard work and creative ability as well as the collective strength. In addition, his wife also played a very important role< [story]
in his childhood, Edison was born at three o'clock in the morning in a snowstorm on February 11, 1847. His father also took him to the street to boast to others. Everyone called him al. When he was a child, Edison loved to ask questions and often asked some strange questions, which made people feel very annoyed. His family and pedestrians were the objects of his questions, If he is dissatisfied with the alt's reply, he will go to the experiment in person. For example, once al saw the goose in the goose house hatching, he asked his mother why the goose always sat there all day? His mother told him that the goose was hatching, and Al thought that if the goose could, so could I. after a few days, mom and dad found that Al had been squatting in the wood room, and they didn't know what he was doing. When the family found that Al was hatching, everyone burst into laughter
when he was eight years old, Al went to primary school, but he dropped out of school after only three months. When Al was in class, his mother was often called to the school to talk to the teacher. This is because al often asked some strange questions that the teacher thought he was a child with low ability, so his mother decided to teach Al by herself, And determined to teach al to be a great genius, so al began his self-study course. Al was well taught by his mother. Later, Al was allowed to set up a laboratory in the basement. In order not to let others tamper with his experimental objects, Al also came up with a clever plan, that is, in every laboratory
Edison only went to primary school for three months in his life. His knowledge came from his mother's teaching and self-study. His success should be attributed to his mother's understanding and patient teaching since childhood, which made Edison, who was originally regarded as an incompetent child, become a world-famous "king of invention" when he grew up
Edison was curious about many things since he was a child, and he liked to experiment with them himself until he understood the truth. When he grew up, he devoted himself to research and invention according to his own interests. He set up a laboratory in New Jersey and invented more than 2000 kinds of things in his life, such as electric lamp, telegraph, phonograph, video camera, magnetic separator, crusher and so on. Edison's strong research spirit made him make great contribution to the improvement of human life style
"waste, the biggest waste is to waste time." Edison often said to his assistant“ Life is too short. Think more and do more with less time. "
one day, Edison was working in the laboratory. He handed his assistant an empty glass bulb without a light port and said, "you measure the capacity of the bulb." He bowed his head to work again
after a long time, he asked, "what's the capacity?" He didn't hear the answer. He turned his head and saw his assistant measuring the perimeter and inclination of the bulb with a tape measure. He took the measured number and put it on the table to calculate. He said, "time, time, how do you spend so much time?" Edison came over, picked up the empty light bulb, filled it with water, handed it to his assistant, and said, "pour the water in the measuring glass, and tell me its capacity right away."
the assistant immediately read out the number
Edison said, "what an easy way to measure. It's accurate and time-saving. Why can't you think of it? Is it not a waste of time? "
the assistant blushed
Edison murmured: "life is too short, too short. Save time and do more things!"< Before he became famous, Edison was a poor worker. Once, his old friend met him in the street and said with concern, "look, this overcoat on you is not in good condition. You should replace it with a new one."
"do you need it? No one knows me in New York Edison answered with indifference
a few years later, Eddie has become a great inventor< One day, Edison met his friend on the street of New York“ "Oh," exclaimed the friend, "Why are you still wearing this old coat? This time, you need a new one anyway
"do you need it? Everyone here already knows me. " Edison still answered with indifference.