Water source pollution of titanium tailings pond

1. Ilmenite tailings magnetic separator can effectively purify and separate ilmenite tailings, using high-quality NdFeB as magnetic source. Generally, ilmenite particles can achieve complete separation and dissociation when they reach about 200 mesh. There is no best beneficiation equipment, only the best beneficiation process. Because the mineral properties determine the best beneficiation process and equipment, and there are great differences in the properties of the same mineral in different deposits, it is suggested that the majority of mine operators should first carry out ore analysis and beneficiation test, and then decide whether to invest or not according to the calculation of ore washability and cost-benefit, so as to rece the investment risk.

3. 1. The average grade of 130kg / m3 should be wrong. It is possible to say the highest content. The average grade of 6% raw ore should be credible! It's a common saying
2. The proction capacity of a proction line depends on the choice of your equipment. The daily selection volume reaches 3000m3, which is not a problem
3. Whether it is harmful or not depends on your beneficiation process. If flotation is used, harmful substances will be discharged. If beneficiation is completely environmentally friendly, it is impossible. The discharged sewage and st are pollutants.

4. There is no difference between ilmenite and other iron ores in mineral processing. They all have to be ground, separated and smelted into billets. Then it is purified and fed according to the instrial use.

5. The large-scale deposits with proven reserves are as follows:

1. Vanadium titanium magnetite in Panxi area is located in the southwest of Sichuan Province, including more than 20 counties and cities such as Panhua and Liangshan. Panxi area is a huge cornucopia of titanium. The proven reserves of titanium resources in Panxi area are 1 / 4 of those in the world, accompanied by more than ten rare and precious metals such as vanadium, titanium, cobalt and gallium. About 9.8% vanadium titanomagnetite has been proved × The reserves of titanium dioxide are 8.73% × 10 to the octave of T. The average grade of raw ore is 5%< There are abundant vanadium titanomagnetite resources in Chengde area. The proven reserves of titanium resources are 2.031 million tons × 107t Its reserves are second only to Panxi area. Ranked second in China. They are mainly distributed in the basic and ultrabasic complexes of Damiao, Heishan and Tougou. The average grade of raw ore is 8%
there are 11 points of your tailings that can be used for sure, which are higher than the raw ore. The problem is that the conversion rate of titanium dioxide from ilmenite concentrate is too low, which wastes the titanium in the tailings. Just magnetic separation of the tailings according to the principle of raw ore magnetic separation,

6. First of all, the normal kaolin iron content is generally below 2%, which is impossible to reach such a high level
if it's true as you said, your kaolin must be spiral graded, water selected, sand filtered, and then tested for nine chemical items
Chihe iron mine does not understand that the iron removal of titanium and silicate ore is to remove the molecular form of iron oxide, and use hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid
however, sulfuric acid can dye the mineral powder itself, which is seriously polluted, and the post-treatment is troublesome, but the effect is the best. It is commonly used to remove iron with concentrated hydrochloric acid
also, you need to tell me what instry you want to use. Not all instries can remove iron

high intensity magnetic separation and high gradient can also be used for raw ore after sand removal, but lattice iron cannot be removed

7. It's better to deal with the sale first, so that the price can be sold
feed particle size: 0-3mm
treatment capacity: 10-280t / h
scope of application: suitable for wet magnetic separation of magnetite, pyrrhotite, roasted ore, ilmenite and other materials with particle size less than 3mm. It is also used for iron removal of coal, nonmetallic ore, building materials and other materials

advantages of ilmenite magnetic separator:
it is made of high-quality ferrite material or composite with rare earth magnetic steel, and the average magnetic inction intensity of cylinder surface is 100-600mt. According to the user's needs, Qingzhou Chenguang can provide many kinds of magnetic separation with different surface intensities, such as downstream, semi countercurrent and countercurrent
1. It has the advantages of simple structure, large processing capacity, convenient operation and easy maintenance
2. In the ceramic instry, it can remove the mixed iron in the ceramic mud and improve the quality of ceramic procts
3. The roughing of lean iron ore after coarse crushing or medium crushing can eliminate the waste rock such as surrounding rock, improve the grade and rece the load of the next process
working principle of ilmenite magnetic separator:
ring operation, after the pulp flows into the tank through the feeding box, under the action of water flow from the feeding spout pipe, the ore particles enter into the feeding area of the tank in a loose state. Under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetic particles gather to form a "magnetic cluster" or "magnetic chain". The "magnetic cluster" or "magnetic chain" moves to the magnetic pole under the action of the magnetic force in the pulp and is adsorbed on the cylinder. Because the polarity of the magnetic pole is alternately arranged along the rotation direction of the cylinder, and it is fixed when working, the phenomenon of magnetic stirring occurs when the "magnetic cluster" or "magnetic chain" rotates with the cylinder e to the alternation of the magnetic poles, and the gangue and other non-magnetic minerals mixed in the "magnetic cluster" or "magnetic chain" fall off ring the overturning, Finally, the "magnetic mass" or "magnetic chain" absorbed on the surface of the cylinder is the concentrate. The concentrate is transferred with the cylinder to the weakest position of magnetic force at the edge of the magnetic system, and is discharged into the concentrate tank under the action of the flushing water from the discharge pipe. If it is a full magnetic roller, the discharge is carried out with a brush roller. Non magnetic or weak magnetic minerals are left in the pulp and discharged out of the tank with the pulp, that is, tailings

equipment parameters of ilmenite magnetic separator:

model magnetic drum specification
mm separation area cylinder surface magnetic inction
GS treatment capacity
t / h applicable particle size
mm pulp concentration
% magnetic drum speed
R / min motor power
kW
60 series 600 × 600 ~ 3000) 1000 ~ 16000gs
according to mineral properties and mineral processing requirements, 7 ~ 100 ~ 6mm
different according to mineral properties, tank structure, mineral processing flow and mineral processing requirements

downstream: 0 ~ 6mm
countercurrent: 0 ~ 2mm
semi countercurrent: 0 ~ 0.5mm
20 ~ 35 40 3 ~ 3.75
75 series 750 × 1000 ~ 3000) 15 ~ 100 20 ~ 35 3 ~ 11
90 series 900 × 1000 ~ 3000) 25 ~ 130 20 ~ 35 28 3 ~ 11
105 series 1050 × 1600 ~ 3600) 40 ~ 180 20 ~ 35 22 4 ~ 15
120 series 1200 × 2000 ~ 3600) 60 ~ 200 20 ~ 35 18 5.5 ~ 15
150 series 1500 × 2400 ~ 4000) 80 ~ 220 20 ~ 35 15 5.5 ~ 18.5

customer benefits:
1. Magnetic separator is one of the most economical and applicable equipment in China with low burden cost, large output, small floor area and high degree of automation
2. The equipment is easy to operate, recing capital investment for customers in terms of labor
the company's service commitment:
(1) the service engineer shall contact the customer 15 minutes after receiving the service information and explain the treatment measures to the customer by telephone
(2) the time from receiving the service information to arriving at the fault site: no more than 12 hours for cross region and no more than 48 hours for cross province
(3) the 24-hour standby system for service engineer
(4) the service engineer leaves the site after observing the actual proction operation before the fault is handled< Before sale:
be a good adviser and assistant to customers, so that users can get rich returns on every investment:
(1) selection of equipment model
(2) design and manufacture procts according to the special requirements of customers
(3) training technical personnel for customers
(4) the company sends engineers and technicians to the user's site free of charge to plan the site and design the best process and scheme for the user
on sale:
respect customers, give customers a rest assured, a relaxed, a surprise, and strive to improve the overall value of customers
(1) proct acceptance
(2) assist customers to draw up construction scheme< After sales:
(1) installation and debugging of equipment
(2) on site training of operators
(3) after the installation of the complete set of equipment, 1-2 full-time technicians will be left to assist the customer in the on-site proction for one month free of charge until the customer is satisfied
(4) assign a special after-sales service engineer to the site to guide the customer's installation and commissioning.

8. Ilmenite is an oxide mineral of iron and titanium, which is the main ore for extracting titanium. Ilmenite is heavy, gray to black, with a little metallic luster. The crystal is generally plate-shaped, and the crystals are lumpy or granular together. The composition is FeTiO3. The content of TiO2 is 252.66%, which is the main mineral for extracting titanium and TiO2
most of the ilmenite in ilmenite tailings exist in the form of fine or even fine particles. The gravity separation process has low recovery efficiency for fine minerals, but the flotation operation environment is poor, and the recovery effect of ilmenite is not obvious. High intensity magnetic separation process is an efficient beneficiation process for recovering various fine ilmenite
in the recovery of ilmenite tailings, desliming operation should be carried out first, and various classification equipment should be used to rece the content of argillaceous minerals and improve the working environment of magnetic separation. For ilmenite tailings recovery, the pulp concentration should be about 30%
the beneficiation process and equipment of ilmenite tailings are determined according to the properties of minerals. The beneficiation process and equipment are also the most widely used beneficiation equipment among many beneficiation equipment in recent years, with the advantages of stable performance, large processing capacity, high recovery efficiency of minerals and high grade improvement.

9. Introction
titanium and its alloys have many excellent properties which can not be replaced by other metal materials and are widely used. Titanium has always been considered as a rare metal. In fact, its abundance in the crust is very high. In terms of structural metals, titanium ranks fourth after aluminum, iron and magnesium, accounting for 0.56%, much more than the common non-ferrous metals such as copper, nickel, lead and zinc
there are mainly rutile and ilmenite in titanium ore resources, among which ilmenite can be divided into placer and rock ore according to its genesis. The structure of placer
is loose and the grade is high. It is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical humid coastal areas and inland river areas, and mainly proced in Australia, India, Sri Lanka and other places. Most of the titanium resources are rock minerals. The rock minerals are primary minerals with dense structure, complex composition and relatively low grade. They are usually concentrated in procing areas with large reserves and have certain mining value. The main procing areas are China, the United States, Canada, Norway and the former Soviet Union
China's titanium resources rank first in the world, accounting for about 40%, distributed in more than 100 mining areas in more than 20 provinces, mainly concentrated in southwest, Central South and North China. Vanadium titanomagnetite in Panxi area is a well-known comprehensive deposit in the world. The reserves are very rich, accounting for 92% of China's titanium resources, providing a solid resource base for China's titanium instry
e to the large investment, long process, high cost and serious environmental pollution of traditional titanium smelting process, the output of titanium has been at a low level. In 2007, the global proction of titanium sponge was only 170000 tons<

1 overview of titanium metallurgy process

1.1 traditional titanium metallurgy process
the traditional titanium smelting process is the Crowell process [21], which uses metal sodium or metal magnesium to rece titanium tetrachloride to proce titanium metal. Because the titanium metal obtained is sponge like when it is proced below the melting point of titanium, it is called sponge titanium
there are three main processes in the Clauer process: preparation of titanium rich materials (if rutile is used, it can be omitted), preparation of titanium tetrachloride and rection distillation to proce titanium sponge
ilmenite is generally treated in the preparation of titanium rich materials, so as to remove iron as much as possible. Enrichment of titanium component; Titanium tetrachloride is prepared by using chlorine
gas to convert titanium component in titanium rich material from oxide to chloride, including chlorination and refining. Titanium tetrachloride is reced and distilled with magnesium vapor, and titanium sponge can be obtained by mixing titanium tetrachloride and magnesium vapor at about 900 OC
the proction cost of titanium sponge is high e to the discontinuous process, long process and many processes, and the volatility and corrosiveness of TiCl4 at room temperature, which limits the application of titanium in various instries<

1.2 new titanium metallurgy process
in order to rece the proction cost of titanium, many new methods of extracting titanium have been explored and studied, including tich electrolysis process, FFC process, OS process, pre rection molding process (PRP), QIT process, mer process, ITP (armtrong) se process, At present, molten salt electrolysis is considered to be the most promising alternative to crower process in the instrial proction of titanium metallurgy in the future. People hope to be able to proce metal titanium like electrolytic aluminum

1.2.1 TiCl4 electrolysis P -- 53
TiCl. Electrolytic rection method was once considered as a possible alternative to the Krall process, in which titanium was dissolved in molten salt (such as sodium chloride). In the process of electrolysis,
tetravalent titanium was graally reced to metal titanium at the cathode, and chlorine was released at the anode. The United States, Japan, the former Soviet Union, Italy, France and China have all carried out long-term and deep research on TiCl electrolytic rection method, and have also built several small factories. However, e to the problems of oxidation-rection reaction between various valence ions of titanium, diaphragm damage and dendrite in actual proction, these factories have not reached the expected technical and economic indicators, and have been shut down< FFC process is also called Cambridge process. It was proposed by Professor d.j.fray of Cambridge University and his collaborators in 2000. When the applied voltage is lower than the decomposition voltage of the molten salt (the working voltage in the experiment is 2.8-3.2 V), the oxygen on the cathode ionizes into the electrolyte and diffuses to the anode, And O is formed at the anode or CO is formed by combining with carbon. When the gas is released, pure titanium is precipitated on the cathode. Because the original electrochemical deoxidation process is transformed into direct electrolytic proction of titanium with oxide as raw material, this method has aroused great interest of experts, scholars and instry in the world
FFC process has the advantages of no chlorine generation and no use of highly corrosive environmental polluting chemicals such as TiCl. It is a green process with short proction cycle. The proct is suitable for powder metallurgy forming, eliminating the casting, machining and other expensive processing processes, which can save a lot of proction costs. However, it has the disadvantages of high oxygen content of titanium sponge, discontinuous process and low current efficiency

1.2.3 OS process
this method was proposed by one and Suzuki of Japan. The main feature of this method is that TiO: is reced to titanium metal by calcium obtained by electrolysis. In Ca, CaO / CaCl: molten salt, graphite crucible is used as anode, and stainless steel mesh is used to make cathode. TiO: powder is directly put into cathode basket, and voltage is applied between two poles for constant current electrolysis. The voltage adopted is higher than the decomposition voltage of Cao but lower than that of CACI: caz + is reced to calcium on cathode, and oxygen and carbon generate Co or CO2 on anode. Because of the density difference between TiO: and calcium, they are not in direct contact. TiO: is reced to titanium by calcium dissolved in molten salt< It is said that this method can greatly rece the proction cost and can be used to proce titanium powder. Compared with FFC process, it has similar advantages and disadvantages, and the content of
oxygen is higher< This method is put forward by Okabe et al.

1.2.4 PrP process, which is to mix TiO: and flux Cao or CaCl: to make the desired shape and then sinter at 800 OC. The sintered solid sample is placed in a stainless steel container above the molten CA metal. In the range of 800-1 ooo ℃, CA vapor reacts with TiO: to form Ti and Cao, After pickling, titanium powder with purity of 99% can be obtained, and its oxygen content can be reced to 2 800 x 10%
PrP process is suitable for procing uniform fine powder<

1.2.5 QIT process
Quebec ferrotitanium company in Canada is a world famous titanium slag proction company. In 2003, the company applied for the patent of recing gold with titanium slag electrolysis (QIT process)
the proct of this process is molten titanium. It can be cast into ingot and billet. With different electrolytes, anodes and operation methods, there are several different conceptual designs. However, the basic conceptual design includes molten salt electrolyte, such as CaF2 entering the reaction chamber, molten titanium slag leading into the reaction chamber (titanium slag under the electrolyte) and subsequent electrolysis process. Solid electrolyte, slag and metal form lining layer to protect the inner and bottom of the cell. The design of lining layer is the key to solve the problem of proct pollution. This technology has been used in smelting ilmenite in EAF. One step or two steps are used in electrolysis. In the two-step process, the first step of electrolysis is to purify titanium slag and remove impurities such as e, Cr, Mn and V. The droplets formed at the electrolyte / slag cathode interface settle to the bottom of the reaction chamber e to gravity. The metal mixture accumulates to a certain extent and is discharged through the bottom drain. Then the second step is started. At higher temperatures. The slag proced in the first step of electrolytic rection. So as to obtain metal titanium. If it is only one-step reaction, Sorel slag with high Ti grade or USG slag with higher grade should be used for titanium slag, and the total Fe content should be less than 1.4% (based on FeO), otherwise two-step process must be adopted. Since many low-cost alloys used in automobiles and other markets contain a certain amount of iron, the presence of iron in them is not a problem. If other metal oxides are added to the melt. You can get the alloy
for example. Ti-6AI-4V alloy can be obtained by adding alumina and vanadium pentoxide. Like other extraction methods, the process needs to solve the problems of proct composition control, proct quality testing and cost analysis

1.2.6 mer process
this is a new electrolytic rection process developed by mer company. The process uses TiO: or rutile and carbon as anode, and the mixture of chloride
as electrolyte. The anode technology has been used in the electrolytic extraction of magnesium and aluminum. TiO: or rutile powder mixed with carbon containing raw materials and binder, then molded into electrode, and then heated to make composite anode. During electrolysis, Co / Co: mixed gas is released from the anode, and the dissolved Ti3 + ions are discharged and reced to titanium on the cathode. In 2005, Professor Zhu Hongmin of Beijing University of science and technology proposed a new method of extracting titanium sponge by molten salt electrolysis, that is, TiO / TiC
soluble solid solution anode electrolysis (USTB method)
it is formed by mixing carbon and titanium dioxide or titanium carbide and titanium dioxide powder according to stoichiometric reaction. TiO · mtic anode with metal conctivity was prepared under certain conditions, and then electrolyzed at a certain temperature with the molten halide salt of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as electrolyte. Titanium dissolved in the molten salt in the form of low valent ions and deposited on the cathode. Carbon and oxygen contained in the anode formed carbon oxide gases Co, Co, or 0:0, High purity titanium powder containing oxygen can be obtained by this method; 300x10-6, carbon content 700x10, up to the national standard. The cathode current efficiency can reach 89%
the outstanding advantage of this method is that the electrolysis process can be carried out continuously without anode slime. The process is simple and the cost is low<

1.2.8 ITP (armtrong) 2E process
this method was developed by the United States' Wangji titanium company. It injects the tich gas into the molten sodium, in which the sodium is excessive. The excessive sodium cools the rection proct and carries the proct into the separation process. The lowest oxygen content of the proct is
0.2%, which reaches the standard of grade II titanium. VTI and alti alloys can be proced by improving the process. ITP process can be used to proce titanium powder, which is close to commercialization. However, problems such as oxygen content of proct, service life of equipment and optimization of separation equipment still need to be solved<

conclusion
the extraction of titanium is one of the most important research fields in metallurgy. Molten salt electrolysis process is considered as the most promising titanium metallurgy process to replace the crower process. As a huge and very important titanium resource, the comprehensive utilization of vanadium titanomagnetite is of great significance. It will be an important research direction of titanium metallurgy in the future to apply USTB process of extracting titanium by molten salt electrolysis to treat vanadium titanomagnetite in Panxi area

by Gao Chengjun and Liang Xibin

10.

Xu Zhongsheng Xue Guicheng Xia Changjian

(Hainan Geological Survey Institute, Haikou 570206)

Abstract: the coastal beach resources of Hainan Island are rich, and the development of mariculture instry has unique advantages. This paper analyzes the environmental and geological problems caused by mariculture in combination with the development status, economic benefits, breeding methods and development trend of mariculture in the coastal area of Hainan Island, Damage to mangrove and green bark forest; This paper studies the causes of the damage of coastal defense forest, coastal environmental pollution (seawater pollution, groundwater pollution and salinization), soil erosion, land desertification, harbor siltation, land salinization, coastal erosion and the damage of mineral and tourism resources caused by mariculture, and puts forward some suggestions and corresponding countermeasures for the coordinated development of mariculture and environmental protection

key words: coastal zone; Mariculture; Geological environment; Environmental protection

1 coastal topography

Hainan Island is located at 108 east longitude ° 37′～110 ° 03 ', 18 n ° 10′～20 ° The coastal zone is within the land area of 10-20km from the coastline to the land, with an area of 9154km < sup > 2 < / sup > (see Figure 1)

The coastline of Hainan Island is tortuous, with 68 bays and a total length of 1528km. There are mud coast, sand coast, rock coast and biological coast. According to its characteristics, it can be divided into three sections: in the north section, from Baimajing in the west of Danzhou City to Qinglan port in the east of Wenchang City, it is mainly the sea erosion accumulation Rock Bank of volcanic rock (basalt) platform, and sandy and muddy coasts in some sections of Nan River estuary, Haikou Bay, Dongzhai port, etc; From Dongzhai port in Wenchang City to Yulin port in Sanya City, the eastern section is mainly composed of sand bank and mud Bank of small harbor type accumulation landform evolved from drowning valley. In addition, some rock banks are distributed in baohujiao, tongguzhen, Nanwan Hou and jiejiezhen; From Yulin port in Sanya City to Baimajing in Danzhou City, the west section is mostly the sand bank of marine terrace surrounded by sand dike, and the rock bank is in some parts of Meishan in Sanya and north of Changhua port in Changjiang River

1.2 coastal geomorphology

Wenchang City in the northeast is mainly a marine plain with low and flat terrain, and the elevation is generally 5-20m; The Haikou Yangpu area in the north is mainly basalt platform with slightly unlating topography; To the west of Yangpu to Haitou is a marine plain; From Haitou to Ledong, Jiusuo is the coastal plain; From Jiusuo to Sanya is the hilly area of magmatic rocks; Sanya to the northeast to Lingshui is a coastal plain hilly region; From Lingshui to Wanning is the hilly area of magmatic rocks. Generally speaking, the northern coastal zone is mainly plain and platform with low and flat terrain; In the East, South and West, there are mainly plains and hills. The terrain fluctuates greatly. The maximum elevation is 841m in Lingshui mengshuiling

many bays, coastal plains, sandy land, clear sea water and high water temperature have created unique natural environment conditions for the development of mariculture, especially the coastal waters in the west of the island, with small waves and wide beach area, which is the ideal place for the development of mariculture. At the same time, it has the characteristics of many suitable varieties and fast growth of breeding varieties. At present, only 8483km < sup > 2 < / sup > is used in the nearly 50000 km < sup > 2 < / sup > shallow sea area suitable for aquaculture, so the development potential of mariculture is huge

2 development of mariculture instry in 2000, the mariculture area was 14526 hectares and the output value was 1.889 billion yuan. According to the different ways of culture, it can be divided into cage culture and pond culture. Cage culture is mainly for fish and shellfish, pond culture is mainly for shrimp. In 2000, the area of shrimp culture in the whole province was 7759 hectares, accounting for 53.4% of the mariculture area. The average yield per unit area was 2997 kg, and the total output value was 1.125 billion yuan, accounting for 60% of the mariculture output value; In the mariculture, the area of high-level pond is 1486 hectares, accounting for 19.2% of the mariculture area, with an average yield of 6345 kg / ha. The average yield of shrimp in low level ponds was 2204 kg / ha, which was only 35% of that in high level ponds. Shrimp culture instry has become the main instry of mariculture in our province, and shrimp culture in high-level ponds has become the leading instry of shrimp culture

4 suggestions and Countermeasures

Hainan Island has a long coastline, sandy coast and bay, rich shallow beach resources, sufficient sunshine and high water temperature, which has the unique geographical conditions for large-scale development of mariculture. At the same time, we should pay attention to the protection of ecological environment and achieve the coordinated development of economic construction and environmental protection. This paper puts forward the following suggestions and countermeasures

(1) scientific planning and strict control. At present, the marine regionalization (Planning) of the whole province, Sanya and Wenchang and the shrimp instry development planning of Wanning City are still rough lines, without scientific demonstration of many ecological and environmental problems, and can not be used as the final basis for the implementation of the shrimp breeding plan. Therefore, it is necessary to make a detailed plan. In the detailed plan, we should comprehensively consider the current and future development of forestry, tourism, ocean, environment, mineral resources, instry, agriculture, port and aquaculture, calculate and analyze the necessary modes, and clearly put forward the aquaculture layout, wastewater treatment methods, treatment intensity, sewage discharge methods, sewage treatment methods, sewage treatment methods and other aspects The feasible schemes include the location of sewage outlets and water intake points, sludge disposal, and Countermeasures for wind prevention and sand fixation. We should take Hainan Island as a whole, carry out the environmental impact assessment of mariculture in our province strategically and dynamically, and provide technical basis for the planning of mariculture in our province

(2) standardize construction and scale development. We should actively guide enterprises and rural collectives to carry out large-scale development and intensive development of mariculture shrimp, encourage the cooperative development mode of companies plus farmers and village collectives plus farmers, and rece the disordered development activities of farmers and self-employed households

(3) it is strictly forbidden to dig ponds in nature reserves and ecologically sensitive areas. Shrimp ponds in nature reserves should be returned to forests. Shrimp ponds that cause pollution to drinking water and farmland must be stopped for treatment, and those that can not achieve satisfactory treatment effect must be returned to forest

(4) we should strengthen the supervision of law enforcement, seriously investigate and deal with cases of environmental violations, expose some cases of ecological damage when necessary, and give warning ecation

(5) strengthen the supervision of environmental resources. Reasonable arrangement of shrimp pond drainage direction, strict control of aquaculture wastewater discharge, total amount and concentration of pollutants. Sewage charges for aquaculture wastewater shall be levied in full amount. It is necessary to strengthen patrols, mobilize the masses to report, and resolutely stop the illegal activities of digging ponds without authorization

(6) strengthen the scientific research and development of mariculture shrimp, improve the ability of pollution control. We should guide, encourage and promote the renewal of aquaculture knowledge and technology, adopt the technology of less water use, less drug use, less water exchange and less discharge, select disease resistant varieties, and add plant protein to feed, so as to minimize environmental pollution. We should implement the scientific rotation and polyculture mode. Through the rotation of shrimp and crab, we can make full use of the seasonal advantages of high temperature tolerance of shrimp and cold tolerance of green crab, and effectively prevent the diseases caused by the re cultivation of shrimp and crab. On the one hand, Gracilaria can be used to decompose and absorb crab excreta and resies, which can effectively overcome the problem of water pollution. On the other hand, shrimp ponds can be fully utilized to improve the unit output value of shrimp ponds. The introction of filtered seawater disease prevention and shrimp culture system, the use of filtered clean seawater shrimp culture, so as to overcome the environmental pollution, long shrimp culture cycle and low economic benefits of high-level shrimp culture mode and seawater plus fresh water shrimp culture mode

(7) strengthen the proct quality assurance in the whole process of aquaculture, and guide the development of green seafood

(8) strengthen public participation and publicity. We should strengthen public participation in ecological protection and accept public supervision, especially for Mariculture shrimp projects involving farmers' land and other vital interests. Through extensive and effective public participation, we can reasonably distribute the interests, rece the negative impact, and promote the sustainable development of regional social economy. At the same time, we should strengthen publicity and ecation, constantly enhance the sustainable development views of cadres and masses, and improve people's awareness of legal system and ecological environment protection

[1] Pang Yichun et al. Engineering geology report of coastal zone and tidal flat resources comprehensive survey in Guangdong Province, Hainan Island, 1986

[2] Pang Yichun et al. Hydrogeological report of coastal zone and tidal flat resources comprehensive survey in Guangdong Province on Hainan Island. Geology and mineral resources professional team of coastal zone and tidal flat resources comprehensive survey team in Guangdong Province, 1986

[3] Zhao Daying, Lin Hua et al. Ecological environment geological survey report of coastal zone in Hainan Island. Hainan Hydrogeological Engineering Geological Survey Institute, 2004

[4] Yue Ping, Fu Zhiqin. Investigation report on ecological environment status of coastal zone (typical area) in Hainan Island. Department of land and resources of Hainan Province, 2002

influence of mariculture on the geological environment, in Coastal Zone Hainan Island

Xu Zhongsheng, Xue Guicheng, Xia Changjian

(Hainan Institute of geological survey, Haikou 570206)

Abstract: Coastal beaches' resource is rich in Hainan island , developing seawater breeding has exceptional advantage,this text combines coastal area seawater breeding ' developing conditions, economic benefits, the way of breeding and developding tendency in Hainan island, analyses the environmental geological problems, harms to red woods and green leather forest brought by seawater breeding; studing the reasons of sea defencing forest'damage , coast tape environmental pollution (seawater pollution, underground water pollution and salty melt) , water and soil' erosion and land wasteland melting (desertification) , harbour silting up , land salinization, coast erosion and minerals and travel resource' damage caused by seawater breeding, putting forward a few suggests and corresponding countermeasures of coordinative development between seawater breeding and environmental protections.

Key words: Coast tape; Seawater breeding; Geological enviroment; Environment protections