Miner grounding wire
The wealth myth of "one coin, one villa" is still widely spread in the currency circle, and new investors are eager to try. But in fact, a stable power structure has been formed in this small circle, from mining machinery manufacturers to large mine owners, and then to mining pools
manufacturing and selling mining machines, mining, building mines and building ore pools, the "mining circle" has become another way to get rich in the blockchain world, and mining machines have also become a little-known "big business"
according to the imagination of Nakamoto, the inventor of bitcoin, the ideal state should be "decentralized", with computing power scattered all over the world. However, contrary to decentralization, the mine pool is absolutely centralized, and more and more mining machines are connected to the mine pool
this article was first published in the Southern Weekend
"if speculation is a road of no return, then investment in mining machinery is a business that can make a steady profit without loss, and it is only a matter of time before the cost is recovered." Zhong Xi, general manager of Shenzhen Aibo times Technology Co., Ltd., calculated an account. A miner earns 200 yuan a day, which can be recovered in 120 days, and then the profit
in October 2017, in addition to his main business, Zhong Xi joined the mining army and quickly became a big boss in the mining circle. He operated many large mines in Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places
in fact, the business of "steady profit without loss" still depends on the continuous rise of currency price. In the past two months, the price of bitcoin has dropped from US $15000 to about US $10000, or even below US $6000 at one time, which has extended the cycle of mining machinery return. If it keeps falling, the profit will be far away
in 2012, four years after the advent of bitcoin, mass-proced mining machines appeared. Before that, mining was mainly a private activity, which could be completed by a home computer“ At that time, the home computer was the money printing machine, and a lot of bitcoin could be g up every day. " Huang Shiliang, a senior digital currency player who sold mining machines in his early years, recalled to Southern Weekend reporters
after the emergence of mining machine, mining began to be "socialized", with the emergence of mines and pools, and mining became a collective work. The indivial miner is entrusted by the mine, just like the workers on the proction line, as long as they are there, they can get paid every day
manufacturing and selling mining machines, mining, building mines and building ore pools, the "mining circle" has become another way to get rich in the blockchain world, and mining machines have also become a little-known "big business"
China has become the world's largest procer of mining machinery. Since 2012, a number of miner manufacturers have been born in China, such as Shenzhen bitquan Co., Ltd., which proces cat roasting miner, bitmainland, Jianan Yun and Yibang communication, which are now famous. In Huaqiangbei, Shenzhen, foreigners can be seen everywhere asking about the price of mining machinery with translators
recently, in an interview with the media, the CEO of bitcontinental, Mr. Zhan Ketun, said that this startup company, which has been established for only four years, had a revenue of about US $2.5 billion in 2017. Bitcontinent is known as the world's largest miner, whose ant miner has always been the hard currency of the coin circle and miner world
just like the coin circle, the mining circle also needs belief that the mechanical mathematical operation of mining machines every day can create great wealth
However, contrary to the "decentralization" advocated by bitcoin, the miner's world is moving towards "centralization". Miner dealers build their own mines. After the investors buy the miner, they are entrusted by the seller; The procers build their own mines and manage themthis process of "centralization" made the wealth of the mining circle snatched by a few people, and it was not easy for Zhong Xi to enter the core circle
calculation force "centralization"
the main function of the mine is to provide a place for scattered mining machines to operate. But it is the "ore pool" that really plays the role of integration
the so-called "mine pool" can be simply understood as "cooperative mining". The miners and the mines give the calculation power to the mine pool, and the mine pool is used as the only address to access the digital currency network for mining, and then distribute dividends to the miners according to the calculation power of the mining machine
the history of ore pool is longer than that of mining machine. In November 2010, the mine pool named slush appeared. Today, its official website says "the world's first mine pool", which is also recognized by the coin circle. Compared with the mine, the construction of the mine pool needs certain technology, and the threshold is relatively higher
the person in charge of a well-known domestic mine pool explained the principle of the mine pool to the Southern Weekend reporter. He compares mining to buying lottery tickets. If you dig alone, the probability of winning the lottery is very unstable. You may win 100000 today, but you won't in the next six months
"gather the people who buy lottery tickets together and buy them in a unified way. No matter who wins, they will be divided according to the proportion of money they pay. In the coin circle, the mine pool plays this role. " The person in charge said
it's not complicated to connect the mining machine with the ore pool. According to the operation guidelines of the major ore pools, it can be completed in a few steps, and then according to the calculation power provided by ourselves, we can get benefits from the ore pool. The miner is like a worker standing on the proction line, receiving a fixed salary every day
the mine pool with huge computing power and many mining machines has an absolute say in the coin circle and the mining circle. For example, if you want to issue a new digital currency or dominate the bitcoin bifurcation, you generally need to get the support of the mine pool. Without the support of the mine pool, no one will dig the new currency, so it is meaningless
in addition, when a hot new coin comes out, the mine pool can also use its own miners to pack it quickly and take the lead in the rush purchase of these new coins
in June 2017, when SNT and EOS were issued, Southern Weekend reporters witnessed the scene of minchi snapping up tokens. Because there are too many investors, many indivial investors can not put their funds into the designated position, but the person in charge of a mine pool can easily complete this operation
according to the imagination of Nakamoto, the inventor of bitcoin, the ideal state should be "decentralized", with computing power scattered all over the world. However, contrary to decentralization, the mine pool is absolutely centralized, and more and more mining machines are connected to the mine pool
on January 18, 2018, Emin Yun silash, a computer professor at Cornell University, and other five people co authored a paper pointing out that there is an implicit power structure behind bitcoin and Ethereum, the two major digital currencies, and mining is too centralized, in which 50% of bitcoin's computing power is controlled by the four major mines
In fact, this problem has always existed. Four years ago, the founder of Ethereum, vtalik, noticed this problem when he wrote Ethereum white paper. He wrote: "this problem can be said to be very serious. At the time of writing this article, the two largest mines indirectly controlled about 50% of the computing power of the whole network." Up to now, this problem has not been solved. An early translator of the Ethereum white paper told the Southern Weekend reporter, "this is not a technical problem, but a human problem."5
recessive power structure
in the mining circle, the top of the food chain is mining machinery manufacturers. At present, the three recognized mining machinery manufacturers are located in China. Through the proction and sales of mining machines, they get a lot of profits. At the same time, they also set foot in the construction of mines and pools, and have the right to speak in the whole coin circle
ant mining pool is one of the top two large mining pools in the world, and its computing power accounts for 17% of the total network computing power. However, according to instrial and commercial data, it was founded by bitmainland; Several investors of Jianan Yun are also investors of Hangzhou mining Pool Technology Co., Ltd., which has its own mining pool hash and mining platform, but the mining pool has ceased operation at the end of 2017
Yibang communications has set up three blockchain companies in Hohhot, Wuhai and Zhundong Economic Development Zone in Inner Mongolia. A salesperson of Yibang communications told reporters at Nanfang Weekend that they have mines and mining businesses in these three places, but these mines have been operating at full capacity, and there is no machine space to host new mining machines"we are building a new mine in Irkutsk, Russia, where electricity charges are much lower and new mining machines can be hosted there." The source said
above the mining machinery manufacturers, it is the harvest of chip giants“ The core technology of mining machinery lies in the chip. Whoever has the chip can proce more mining machinery. " Ding Yang told reporters at Nanfang Weekend that the chips are mainly in the hands of several giant manufacturers, such as TSMC, NVIDIA, AMD, etc
since 2015, TSMC has always been the largest chip supplier of Jianan Yun. In 2015, the chips purchased by Jianan Yun from TSMC accounted for 69.62% of all the chips purchased by Jianan Yun. Since then, this figure has been maintained at about 60%. Most of the profits of Jia Nan Yun Zhi were made by TSMC
On January 18, 2018, at the presentation meeting of TSMC's fourth quarter financial report, chairman Zhang Zhongmou said that although the mobile business prospect this year is weak, the company's revenue will still grow by 10% - 15%. One of the key factors is the demand for chips e to the continuous and steady development of cryptocurrencyunder the mining machinery manufacturers, there is another power structure. Jianan Yun disclosed this secret in its 2017 prospectus. In the first four months of 2017, four of the top five customers of Jianan Yun were "indivials". According to public information, three of them are well-known "wrists" in the currency circle
Wu Gang, the largest customer, was the first group of miners, and later founded haobtc, which has one of the world's top ten mines; Lin Zhipeng, the second largest customer, is the founder of Xiaoqiang mining machinery. He has been engaged in the proction and sales of mining machinery for a long time. He has been cooperating with Xie Weiqin, the sixth largest customer; Wang Jin, the third largest customer, founded bitbang, a coin circle information websitethese big customers are not simple miners, they all have their own influence in the coin circle. Mechanical operation of the mining machine to bring them income at the same time, also brought the right to speak
according to an insider in bitmainland, most of the big customers in bitmainland are big guys in the currency circle. However, bitmainland officials declined an interview with the Southern Weekend reporter. The company's Public Relations Department responded that it was not convenient to disclose the content because it signed a confidentiality agreement with its customers
"one coin, one villa" wealth myth is still widely spread in the currency circle, and new investors are eager to try. But in fact, a stable power structure has been formed in this small circle, from mining machinery manufacturers to large mine owners, and then to mining pools
most of the new entrants can only make the harvested "leeks"
2. T-type antenna is a non directional antenna. Connect the insulator with 40-50m wire and pull it up. Pay attention to straighten it. Then connect the coil to the outgoing line near the middle
3. L-type is also non directional, which is similar to T-type. It is only led out at one end of the wire
ground wire
ground wire. After a lot of experiments, I found that the effect of connecting the water pipe is very poor, because there are oxide and paint on the surface of the water pipe
it's the first time that I heard that connecting the AC ground wire upstairs would be dangerous
and the surface area of the ground wire is too small, at least 50cm2
it's better to use bare copper wire tray If you don't think it's detailed, you can ask me for a PDF file about the sky and earth line. I also have a lot of PDF files to send you
Because the outlet cable of vibration motor has to bear vibration, it should choose heavy-ty four core cable. It is not allowed to bend suddenly near the cable outlet. It should have a bending radius 8-9 times larger than the outer diameter of the cable, and then fix the cable to the stationary machine or frame. The distance is about 0.6 m to 0.9 M. Soft insulating material shall be padded at the clamp for fixing the cable to avoid damaging the cable by friction. One end of the grounding wire of the four core cable is connected with the grounding screw in the junction box, and the other end must be reliably grounded. For small vibration motor, there is no junction box on the shell, and heavy three core cable is used to connect directly from the inside of the motor. A grounding screw is installed near the foot of the motor, which must be reliably grounded when in use. The outgoing cable of vibration motor is a vulnerable part, which is often damaged by vibration friction, resulting in motor phase missing operation and motor damage. The user should check the condition of the cable frequently and replace the cable of the same type in time if it is worn
vibration source three-phase asynchronous motor is a general vibration source for all kinds of vibration machinery. Such as vibration feeder, vibration conveyor, vibration dryer, vibration drawing machine, vibration shaker, vibration screening machine, vibration anti blocking of silo, etc. It can be widely used in PCB electroplating equipment, electric power, building materials, grain, coal, mining, metallurgy, chemical instry, light instry, casting, railway, cement, port and other instries, and is welcomed by the majority of users in China. Chinese Pinyin: Di à nj ī
English: [electrical machine] generally refers to all machines that can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and electrical energy into mechanical energy. Especially generator, electric energy machine and motor
electric machine and electric machine theory concept
Motor
definition: it refers to an electromagnetic device that realizes the conversion or transmission of electric energy according to the law of electromagnetic inction
motor, also known as [1] (commonly known as motor), is represented by the letter "m" in the circuit (the old standard used "d"). Its main function is to proce the driving torque, as the power source of electrical appliances or various machinery
the generator is represented by the letter "g" in the circuit. Its main function is to convert mechanical energy into electric energy. At present, the most commonly used method is to use heat energy, water energy to drive the generator rotor to generate electricity. With the development of wind power generation technology, wind power has graally entered our life< In some books, transformer is called static motor. From the definition of motor, we find that there is a reason for this
1. Easy maintenance
2. High strength and low noise
3. When the excitation force and output are properly matched, the excitation force is large
4. The vibration frequency and amplitude can be selected according to different uses
5. Complete specifications, which can meet the work needs of all kinds of vibrating machinery
6. The direction of exciting force can be changed according to the installation mode of vibrating motor
7. The exciting force can be adjusted steplessly by adjusting the angle of eccentric block
8. Totally enclosed structure, can work in any st condition without explosion-proof requirements
operation and maintenance
adjustment
there is a fixed eccentric block and an adjustable eccentric block at each end of the output shaft of the vibration motor. The exciting force can be changed by adjusting the angle between the adjustable eccentric block and the fixed eccentric block. When leaving the factory, the included angle between the adjustable eccentric block and the fixed eccentric block is 0 degree, and the exciting force is the rated exciting force F of the vibration motor at this time. The exciting force at different included angles:
special attention should be paid to adjust the adjustable eccentric blocks on the output shaft of the vibration motor to the same direction and the same angle when adjusting the exciting force
adjustment steps of exciting force
1. Remove the protective cover< 2. Loosen the fastening bolt of the outer eccentric block
3. The eccentric blocks on both sides should be rotated in the same direction, so that the marking on the shaft is aligned with the exciting force indication line on the eccentric block to the required exciting force value, and check whether the two ends are at the same angle
folding excitation adjustment
the excitation force of vibration motors is adjusted to 80% when they leave the factory and 0% when they need to be transported by sea. Adjust according to the following steps when using:
horizontal vibration motor
1. Loosen the fastening screw of the protective cover and remove the protective cover at both ends< (2) the exciting force is less than mv50-2< (3) for vibration motors with excitation force greater than or equal to mv50-2, mv50-4, mv50-6 and mv30-8 (including the four specifications), the outer eccentric block is a fixed block, which is fixed on the shaft with key and cannot rotate. The inner eccentric block is an adjustable block, and the outer surface is equipped with a scale indicating the maximum exciting force percentage, which is pressed on the motor shaft with fastening bolts. Loosen the compression bolts of the inner eccentric blocks on both sides, rotate the inner eccentric blocks on both sides in the same direction, align the exciting force scale marking on the inner eccentric block with the slit on the outer eccentric block, adjust the exciting force to the required exciting force, tighten the compression bolts of the inner eccentric block, and install the protective cover
note: except for special applications, the positions of the eccentric blocks at both ends of the shaft of the vibration motor must be corresponding, and the percentage of the eccentric blocks at both ends must be set equal, otherwise the vibration motor will proce huge staggered exciting force and damage the vibration machinery of the motor< (1) adjustment of exciting force: remove the pressing bolt of the additional block, and adjust the exciting force by increasing or decreasing the number of additional blocks< (2) adjustment of the angle between the upper and lower eccentric blocks: the upper eccentric block is a fixed block, and the lower eccentric block is an adjustable block, which are pressed on the motor shaft with fastening bolts. The two end faces of the rotating shaft are engraved with reference lines, and the outer surface of the lower eccentric block is equipped with a ruler indicating the rotation angle. Loosen the pressing bolt of the lower eccentric block, rotate the lower eccentric block, so that the angle ruler marking line on the lower eccentric block is aligned with the reference marking line of the rotating shaft, adjust to the required angle, and tighten the pressing bolt of the lower eccentric block; If you need to adjust the angle of the upper eccentric block, you can also adjust it according to the corresponding method
connect the power supply
the outlet cable of the vibration motor should be heavy-ty four core cable because it is subject to vibration. Sudden bending is not allowed near the cable outlet. A bending radius greater than 8-9 times of the outer diameter of the cable should be provided, and then the cable should be fixed to the stationary machine or frame. The distance is about 0.6 m to 0.9 M. Soft insulating material shall be padded at the clamp for fixing the cable to avoid damaging the cable by friction. One end of the grounding wire of the four core cable is connected with the grounding screw in the junction box, and the other end must be reliably grounded. For small vibration motor, there is no junction box on the shell, and heavy three core cable is used to connect directly from the inside of the motor. A grounding screw is installed near the foot of the motor, which must be reliably grounded when in use
precautions
the outgoing cable of vibration motor is a vulnerable part, which is often damaged e to vibration friction, resulting in motor phase missing operation and motor damage. The user should check the condition of the cable frequently and replace the cable of the same type in time if it is worn
vibration source three-phase asynchronous motor is a general vibration source for all kinds of vibration machinery. Such as vibration feeder, vibration conveyor, vibration dryer, vibration drawing machine, vibration shaker, vibration screening machine, vibration anti blocking of silo, etc. It can be widely used in electric power, building materials, grain, coal, mining, metallurgy, chemical instry, light instry, casting, railway, cement, port and other instries http://wenku..com/view/39bf670b79563c1ec5da7103.html
The antenna is difficult to set up. There are three types you can choose according to your own situation. 1. Cobweb type is directional antenna. Nail a cross with two pieces of wood, and then install insulators (you can drill holes with an electric drill, then insert the stick and fix it with latex), and then wind it with enameled wire. When you place one with an empty head and the other with a coil, you can place it upside down. You can place the intersection of the pieces of wood at the top of the stick on the roof
2. T-type antenna is a non directional antenna. Connect the insulator with 40-50m wire. Pay attention to straighten it when pulling it up). Then connect the coil to the outgoing line near the middle
3. L-type is also non directional, which is similar to T-type. It is only led out at one end of the wire
ground wire
ground wire. After a lot of experiments, I found that the effect of water pipe is very poor, because there are oxide and paint on the surface of water pipe
it is the first time that I heard that it would be dangerous to connect AC ground wire upstairs
and the surface area of ground wire is too small, at least 50cm2
it is best to use bare copper If you don't think it's detailed, you can ask me for a PDF file about the sky and earth line. I also have a lot of PDF files to send to you