Drum of belt conveyor in open pit mine

1. Rollers are metal, storage time to pay attention to, in all working faces, must be oiled to prevent rust
when storing, pay attention to the bearing of the contact surface between the handle and the belt, because this surface is relatively large, it is not easy to deform.

2. With the development of China's coal proction, the mechanized proction capacity of mining area has been greatly improved, but there is no corresponding development of up and down transmission equipment. For example, in a coal mine roadway in Henan Province of China, there is a 400m long downward belt conveyor, which causes a serious speeding accident e to overload. At that time, two motors of two driving drums were used to apply power generation braking. Because the conveyor belt skidded on one driving drum first, all the sliding power was concentrated on the other driving drum motor. As a result, the motor speed became higher and higher, so that the motor was damaged, the conveyor belt was broken, and all the coal on the belt was piled up in the roadway. The main cause of this accident is that the damping braking is not strong enough to control the belt speed effectively. If the braking system is not safe like this, it will cause accidents such as flying, rolling, belt slipping, too high temperature rise of brake wheel, spark jumping, etc. In view of the above problems, a speed recing hydraulic coupling transmission device of hydraulic braking system is developed. Its characteristics are as follows: 1. The braking energy is large, the hydraulic brake converts the mechanical energy into the heat energy of the liquid, and then takes the heat away by the cooling medium through the heat exchanger. Since the braking torque of hydraulic brake is directly proportional to the square of its rotational speed and the 5th power of the effective diameter of the working cavity, when the high rotational speed is greater than the diameter of the working cavity, there is a large braking torque, which can be applied to the equipment with large inertia. 2. The braking is stable. When the upper and lower belt conveyors are braked, the phenomenon of material rolling is easy to appear e to the inertia force. The hydraulic braking system in the device can adjust the braking torque by controlling the amount of oil charged, so as to maintain a stable braking deceleration and achieve stable braking. 3. The running speed of the belt conveyor can be effectively controlled, and the motor can be started with no load and soft start under the condition of heavy load of the belt conveyor. When the motor starts, the hydraulic brake should be properly filled to consume part of the starting torque of the motor, so that the starting acceleration of the belt conveyor has no peak value, the starting tension is reced and the conveyor belt is protected. 4. The structure of the device is compact. The transmission gear and hydraulic brake of the variable speed hydraulic coupling are designed in the same box, which not only ensures the good lubrication of the gear and bearing, but also makes the whole device more compact. 5. With explosion-proof performance, the device is mainly composed of hydraulic components and hydraulic parts. When braking, most of the braking energy is absorbed by the working oil. The temperature rise of the mechanical brake decreases significantly, and there will be no spark jumping and serious wear of the brake lining. Therefore, there is no explosion-proof requirement. As long as the oil temperature is controlled within the allowable value, the explosion-proof requirement can be met. Due to no mechanical wear, it has long service life and high reliability. It can be used in sty, humid, open air and other harsh environment, and has no maintenance operation for a long time. It is composed of speed regulating hydraulic coupling, speed recing gear pair and hydraulic brake, so it has three characteristics: 1. Stepless speed regulation can be realized by adjusting the opening of scoop tube under the condition of constant input speed of motor; 2. The output speed of the coupling can be reced at a constant ratio to meet the matching requirements of high-power and low-speed working machines; 3. It has hydraulic deceleration function. The device is a fixed box structure, which is composed of a rear gear hydraulic recer hydraulic coupling and a hydraulic braking system. The input shaft of the hydraulic coupling is connected with the motor, and the turbine shaft of the speed regulating hydraulic coupling is directly connected with the hydraulic brake, which is the high-speed shaft of the rection gear pair. The low speed shaft of the rection gear pair is the output shaft, which is connected with the working machine. Hydraulic brake is a kind of special hydraulic coupling with fixed turbine, which works at zero speed. The pump wheel rotating with the turbine of the variable speed hydraulic coupling is called the rotor, and the stationary turbine is called the stator. Tilt forward 45 ° The rotor torque coefficient is increased, that is, the braking torque is increased. The proct has been used in Shuangyashan coal mine, with hydraulic braking system, hydraulic coupling transmission device and mechanism brake, with high reliability. The braking torque of hydraulic braking system can be adjusted according to the load size, simple operation and good stability. The system has been applied to the belt conveyor under three different load conditions of upward, downward and horizontal transportation, and satisfactory results have been achieved in recing starting tension, controlling belt speed, gentle braking and explosion-proof.

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4. Conveyor is a kind of material handling machinery that continuously transports materials on a certain line, also known as continuous conveyor. The conveyor can carry out horizontal, inclined and vertical conveying, and can also form a space conveying line, which is generally fixed. The conveyor is widely used because of its large conveying capacity, long transportation distance and several process operations in the conveying process
a horizontal or inclined conveying system can be composed of a single conveying machine, multiple conveying machines or other conveying equipment, so as to meet the needs of different operation lines< According to the operation mode, the conveying machinery can be divided into: 1: belt conveyor 2: screw conveyor 3: Bucket Elevator 4: roller conveyor 5: metering conveyor 6: plate chain conveyor 7: mesh belt conveyor
parameters
generally, according to the requirements of material handling system, various conditions of material loading and unloading place The main parameters are determined according to the proction process and material characteristics
① conveying capacity: the conveying capacity of a conveyor refers to the amount of material transported per unit time. When conveying bulk materials, it is calculated by the mass or volume of materials transported per hour; When conveying finished goods, it is calculated by the number of pieces transported per hour
② conveying speed: increasing the conveying speed can improve the conveying capacity. When the conveyor belt is used as the traction part and the conveying length is large, the conveying speed increases day by day. But the high-speed belt conveyor needs to pay attention to the vibration, noise and start, braking and other issues. For the conveyor with chain as traction part, the conveying speed should not be too high to prevent the increase of dynamic load. At the same time, the conveying speed of the conveyor should be determined according to the proction process requirements
③ component size: the component size of conveyor includes belt width, strip width, hopper volume, pipe diameter and container size. The dimensions of these components directly affect the conveying capacity of the conveyor< (4) conveying length and inclination: the length and inclination of conveying line directly affect the total resistance and required power of the conveyor
features
the direction is changeable, and the conveying direction can be changed flexibly, and the maximum can reach 180 degrees
conveyor, each unit is composed of 8 rollers, each unit can be used independently, or multiple units can be used together, so it is easy to install
the conveyor is flexible, and the ratio of the longest state to the shortest state of a unit can reach 3 times
the conveyor can flexibly change the conveying direction, the maximum can be greater than 18
conveyor field application mode
first of all, the composition of the belt conveyor system is explained: the belt conveyor is the most important bulk material conveying and handling equipment, which can be widely used in mining, metallurgy, building materials, chemical instry, electric power, food processing and other instrial fields, in coal mines, metal mines, iron and steel enterprises, Port, cement plant and other places can see a large number of leather machine applications, transport machinery can not only complete the bulk material transport, but also to transport materials into pieces, but according to the location of use, working environment, transport materials of different types, there will be greater differences in its design and application
the modern conveyor system has higher requirements for st prevention. Therefore, water spraying and st collection devices are set at each transfer point, and windshields or wind shields are set along the belt conveyor. The system is composed of single machines. For the operators and repairers working in the whole system, they should not only base on their own single machines, but also understand the relationship between the systems, The single machine is composed of many parts, only do a good job in the daily maintenance of each part, make it in good working condition, can ensure the safe operation of the equipment
generally, we will meet various working conditions according to the different use places, working environment, technical performance and material types of belt conveyors. In addition to the common belt conveyors, there are many new types of special belt conveyors, among which the representative ones are: large angle belt conveyor, high angle belt conveyor and high angle belt conveyor, Deep groove belt conveyor, pressure belt conveyor, tubular belt conveyor, air cushion belt conveyor, plane turning belt conveyor, line friction conveyor, wavy edge conveyor, etc. there are many kinds of classification methods for refinement, which are introced as follows:
according to the use classification, there are general mobile conveyor, underground selection conveyor, open-pit fixed conveyor, special structure conveyor, movable conveyor, Generally speaking, the short distance in plant conveyor can complete horizontal, upward or downward transportation. The reversible pattern belt conveyor can be used for two-way conveying of materials. The cantilever machine is usually installed on the stacker and can rotate to realize the function of mping or distributing, The overhead crane supported by portal frame is usually used together with other bulk material treatment equipment. For example, in the application of hydropower construction, the standard intermediate frame can be configured, and the frame is set on the sleeper, which is easy to move
according to the types of materials transported, there are belt conveyors for general loose materials, hard materials and single materials. According to the position of the bearing section of the rubber belt, there are three types of two-way conveyors: the belt bearing section above, the bearing section below and the bearing section above and below, The two-way conveyor can transport materials in the upper branch and the lower branch respectively, but in order to keep the material contact surface unchanged, it is necessary to turn the rubber belt regularly
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measurement method

the measurement unit of rubber belt is square. When customizing, the length and square meter should be put forward at the same time
the expression method of tape specification length
width (mm) x cloth layers [upper glue thickness (mm) + lower glue thickness (mm)] x tape length (m)
the conversion method of tape square meter can be used:
square meter = tape width (m) x [cloth layers + (upper glue thickness (mm) + lower glue thickness (mm)] / 1.5] x Length (m)

5. Compared with the excavation work, the main characteristics of the mping work in open pit mines are as follows: selecting reasonable mping process, parameters and equipment, organizing the close cooperation of various processes in the mping process, giving full play to the capacity of the mp, and ensuring the continuous and balanced proction of the stope, There are also many similarities in the methods of determining the process parameters and the relations among the processes in the link. But the mping work also has its own particularity, mainly as follows: 1) the mping material is the loose stripping material after blasting and excavation, so the efficiency of the equipment is higher than that of the same type of mining equipment, but the stability of the mping bench and the quality of the mobile line are poor; 2) Mining work is generally from top to bottom mining rock, forming space, mping work is generally from bottom to top stacking waste rock, occupying space
open pit mine commonly used mping process according to the classification of equipment
bulldozing pear mping, excavator mping (mechanical shovel, dragline shovel), bulldozer mping, belt conveyor mping, front loader and scraper mping Other waste disposal processes (small mechanized equipment, hydraulic waste disposal, comprehensive waste disposal process)
46 characteristics, main processes, parameters and scope of bulldozer waste disposal process
features: less equipment investment, simple operation and high efficiency; Main proceres: earth turning, earth pushing, line moving and repairing
parameters: height of mping section h, length of mping line L, moving distance a and width of mping pan B
range: the height of mping bench h mainly depends on the physical and mechanical properties of rock, followed by the climatic conditions. When the mping material is hard rock, h can reach more than 30-40m, while when the mping material is quaternary soft topsoil and the water content is large, the height of 8m section is difficult to maintain. Under the condition of similar rock properties, the height of 8m section can not be maintained, The climate condition of the region has a great influence on the stability of the mping bench composed of soft soil layer; The length of mping line l should be determined according to the efficiency of mping line and the quantity of mping line. The length of mping line is generally not less than 800m, and the normal length is 1000-1500m; The technical maximum possible moving distance a is limited by the extension distance of the main wing plate of the bulldozer and the amount of "engineering soil" unloaded by the train before moving the track. The moving distance determined by the extension distance of the main wing plate is: a ≤ D-B, M; Where D is the maximum extension distance of the main wing plate of the bulldozer, the domestic bulldozer is about 4.5m, and B is the minimum allowable distance from the railway center to the top line of the mp slope, which is generally 1.3-1.5m. In view of this, the value of a is generally 2.5-3M; In addition to the width required by the operation of the mping equipment, the rolling distance of the block stone should also be considered
47 the suitable conditions, mping proceres and main parameters of mechanical shovel mping
mechanical shovel mping is suitable for open pit mines with railway transportation<
mping process: earth turning, excavator stacking, line moving
main parameters: receiving pit size, mping bench height, mping line length and moving distance
48 bulldozer mping characteristics and adaptive conditions, common operation mode, mping parameters and their range< At present, it is mainly used in open-pit mines for mining metal ores and building materials; It can be divided into two types:
1) truck transportation bulldozer mping: operation mode: edge mping and site mping
mping parameters: mping bench height, mping line working length and mping flat width
2) railway transportation bulldozer mping: in the stage of exploration and adaptation
49 application conditions, classification and mping mode of belt type mping machine<
application conditions: it is mostly used in open pit mines with continuous and semi continuous systems
classification: mpers without intermediate connecting bridge and mpers with intermediate connecting bridge
mping method: the mping steps of mpers without connecting bridge are generally composed of two sub steps: upper and lower, or only upper or lower, when the mpers have connecting bridges, It can be composed of four combined steps
50 draglines, Front loaders and scrapers. When they are used as mping equipment, what are their respective application conditions< Dragline: suitable for soft soil rock or semi hard soil rock and water bearing rock with good blasting performance
front loader: a multi-functional equipment, which can be used for mining, transportation and drainage, and is mostly used as transfer and drainage equipment in mping equipment
scraper: suitable for mping loose or broken soil rock, which can be used as comprehensive operation equipment for mining, transportation and drainage, It can also be used as the main influencing factors for the selection of transfer and mping equipment
1) it mainly depends on the type of equipment used in the mining and transportation process of stripping project, especially the type of transportation equipment. 2) The properties of waste rock have great influence on the selection of waste equipment. 3) The climate conditions also affect the selection of mping equipment. 4) Affected by the required mping capacity
when several waste disposal processes can meet the basic requirements, full technical and economic comparison should be made and the best choice should be made
52. The main manifestation of the influence of climate on the stripping capacity of open-pit mines
affected by climate, the stripping volume, coal mining volume and proction indexes of various technological links of open-pit mines are extremely unbalanced in each month of the year, and show regular fluctuation characteristics with a period of one year. This kind of volatility can be expressed by the monthly disequilibrium coefficient ki:
ki = Ni / N, Ki - the proction index of the first month; N - monthly proction index
the main manifestation of the influence of climate on the stripping capacity of open-pit mine is the seasonal fluctuation of proction index of open-pit mine caused by climate
53. When designing an open pit mine, what should be paid attention to when considering the climate impact
1) the climate characteristics of the mine area must be considered when selecting process equipment
the influence of climate should be considered when calculating the capacity and quantity of equipment in each process link
in daily proction, annual stripping plan, development and recovery plan and equipment maintenance plan should be formulated according to the actual change of monthly stripping amount and equipment capacity
54. What are the main manifestations of the impact of severe cold weather on open pit proction? What can be done
1) the influence of severe cold weather on the proction of open-pit mine is mainly manifested in the following forms: 2) the freezing of surface soil and soft soil rock caused by severe cold. The excavation resistance of frozen soil increases significantly, which brings difficulties to the excavation work. 3) The frozen soil and rock are adhered to the scoop bucket and the truck, which reces the volume of the scoop bucket and the truck, increases the sweeping time needed to remove the frozen soil and rock in the wagon box, and reces the capacity of the excavation, transportation and mping equipment. 4) In the mine of automobile transportation, ice and snow cover the road, the wheels are easy to slip, braking and climbing are difficult, wind and snow will also bury the cutting and block the road. 5) Because of the cold brittleness of ordinary steel at low temperature, the temperature of - 25 ° The mechanical equipment working in the severe cold below C, its stress parts begin to become brittle and easy to fracture, so the fracture phenomenon of excavator scoop bucket, scoop rod and bucket frame often occurs in winter. 6) The severe cold in winter makes the water pipe often crack, which makes the water supply of drilling rig difficult. 7) Severe cold will cause grease adhesion, which makes the operation of hydraulic equipment difficult
the following measures can be taken: 1) improvement of working mechanism and bearing parts of the equipment. 2) Prevention and cleaning of mining and transportation equipment adhesion. 3) Prevent freezing of soil and rock. 4) Loose and broken of frozen soil and rock. 5) The influence of strong wind on equipment operation and its prevention. 6) Comprehensive organization and technical measures< Influence of rainy season on main operation links of open pit mine and preventive measures:
1) ring blasting operation, a large amount of water accumulated in the borehole, which made the explosive and detonator damped and refused to explode; When electric power detonates, it may cause early explosion e to short circuit of detonating circuit and pin wire
2) in terms of mining and loading, if the surface soil or soft soil steps absorb a lot of water, the bearing capacity will be low, which will cause the excavator to sink and make the operation difficult, or even unable to operate, and the clay bucket will cause the unloading difficulty; The cable will be short circuited e to poor insulation
3) in the transportation operation, the subgrade will be washed by rain and the soil and rock will absorb a lot of water, which will lead to structural damage, strength weakening, deformation and subsidence, resulting in derailment or overturning of the train; The important adhesion condition of the line deteriorates, which makes the train climbing and braking difficult; The soil and rock are pasted on the truck body to lengthen the unloading time. When transporting with adhesive tape, the phenomenon of adhesion is more serious, and even the material is water-soluble and cannot be transported
the impact of rainfall on automobile transportation is more serious, which not only significantly reces the efficiency of equipment, but also is the main reason for the shutdown of open-pit mine
preventive measures: 1) when water hole blasting, waterproof explosive or waterproof charge should be used. In order to remove the water accumulated in the borehole, submersible pump and other equipment can be used. In order to rece the soaking time of explosives, the charging truck can also be used for rapid charging
2) in the working face of water bearing soft rock excavator, hard gravel or mobile track row and cast steel block should be used as the subgrade for excavator. In order to prevent cable breakdown, the cable should be coiled on the skid, cable forks should be set along the line, and the binding at the joint should be strengthened
3) in order to ensure the line quality, we should do a good job in dredging ditches and line maintenance before rainy season; In rainy season, patrol and maintenance of lines should be strengthened to eliminate danger in time
in order to eliminate the impact of water in rainy season, the most important thing is to establish a perfect waterproof and drainage system, and maintain and manage it in daily proction. The drainage ditch system of open-pit mine is composed of the following parts: first, the river passing through the open-pit mine is diverted, and intercepting ditch is set up at a high place to prevent the surface runoff above the intercepting ditch from flowing into the open-pit mine. The second is to rece the groundwater level in the mining area in advance with the help of drainage tunnel, drainage borehole and other drainage structures, so as to ensure the normal mining work. After taking drainage and waterproof measures, the water inflow into the mine pit is discharged by means of open-air or underground drainage
56. Definition of ore loss and dilution and its adverse impact on open pit mine
loss of ore: resial in the stope that has not been mined or lost in the process of mining, transportation and drainage
ore dilution: ore and rock, lean ore and rich ore, coal and gangue are mixed to cause the decline of useful mineral quality, and for coal, lump coal crushing also causes the decline of coal grade. Impact: ore loss will shorten the mining life of ore, increase stripping ratio, increase investment and cost, and may also cause resial coal pillar spontaneous combustion and lead to sulfur mine acid water pollution in slide block and mp. Ore dilution increases ore freight and processing cost of open-pit coal preparation plant
57. Commonly used ore loss and dilution indexes and calculation methods in open pit mines
1). Recovery rate (recovery rate) - an index to measure the ore recovery ratio. Recovery rate
KC = QC / QD × 100%
QC - ore recovery, m3 (T); QD - instrial reserves, m3 (T)
2). Loss rate - recovery losses to measure the amount of ore loss in the mining process< br /> η = 1 – KC = QD - QC / QD × 100%
3) ν— diluent gains
ν = c - m/c × 100%
C - primary ore grade,%; M is the grade of the ore,%
4) ν′= Q′/QC - Q′ × 100% Q ′ - gangue mixing amount
58 engineering measures, process measures and organization and management measures to rece ore loss and dilution in open pit mine
engineering measures:
near horizontal seam: A. dividing along layers

6. The materials involved in roller cold wrapping include: 1. Adhesive 2, metal treatment agent 3, cleaning agent 4, sealing rubber (rubber repair agent sk358 or T2 composite rubber) 5, RIT wear-resistant rubber plate (flat rubber plate, herringbone rubber plate, diamond rubber plate) 6, tools required for wrapping. Roller cold wrapping basically involves these materials. 313 adhesive or other imported procts are generally used as adhesive. RIT wear-resistant rubber sheet has blue CN adhesive layer, which does not need grinding treatment when pasting. It can effectively improve the operation time of roller cold wrapping and rece labor force.

7. Application number name applicant inventor application date classification number
1 practical 200820016917.0 has the right to describe the change of pledge preservation license filing anti slip tape Meng Fanying; Meng Jinpo 2008-01-23b65g15 / 34 (2006.01) I
2 practical 200920221719.2 has the right to single drive belt machine anti slip device Tianjin Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd. he Yuelin; Liu Zhiqiang; Guo Xiaokun 2009-10-29b65g15 / 00 (2006.01) I
3 practical 201220738321.8 has the right to a kind of automatic control device to protect the low-voltage motor belt slipping, Ma'anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. Xu Shenghao 2012-12-28b65g43 / 04 (2006.01) I
4 practical 201320593052.5 has the right to a kind of belt conveyor anti slipping roller, Luoyang Shengyu Heavy Instry Machinery Co., Ltd; Lu Liling; Li Hongjun; Su Cunqi; Li Xiaohui 2013-09-25b65g23 / 04 (2006.01) I
5 practical 201220716511. X has the right to an anti slip detection device based on PLC control system. Hou Shiyun of Baosteel Stainless Steel Co., Ltd. 2012-12-21b65g43 / 04 (2006.01) I
6 practical 201020511697.6 has the right to ring edge retaining tape Xinxiang Zhenyuan mechanical equipment Co., Ltd. Zhou Ruifeng 2010-08-31b65g15 / 56 (2006.01) I
7 practical 2 01020144541.9 have the right to a waterproof steam tape confidential cover, Ma Xianguo of Anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd; Yin Dongsong 2010-03-30b65g21 / 08 (2006.01) I
8 practical 201220014275.7 has the right to water spray control device of belt conveyor, Zhang Shitie of Angang Mining Group Co., Ltd; Hong Zhenqian 2012-01-13b65g43 / 00 (2006.01) I
9 practical 201220627242. X has the right to the constant tension device of wide belt conveyor jinchangsheng of MCC North (Dalian) Engineering Technology Co., Ltd; Shi Rong; High speed railway 2012-11-26b65g23 / 44 (2006.01) I
10 practical 201020296313.3 has the right to an anti reverse belt conveyor head wheel. Hefei Qingya building materials Co., Ltd. Huang Yongfeng 2010-08-12b65g23 / 04 (2006.01) I
11 practical 201420006085. X has the right to an anti winding roller cloth lifting device. Ouyang Zhiyu, Shaoyang Textile Machinery Co., Ltd; Zhu Guanghui; Liu Song; Liu Qianqian 2014-01-07b65h20 / 02 (2006.01) I
12 practical 201320547797.8 has the right to a wiper device and an anti slip belt conveyor with a wiper device China Shenhua Energy Co., Ltd. Shenhua Shendong Coal Group Co., Ltd. Wang Hongjian 2013-09-04b65g15 / 64 (2006.01) I
13 invention 200810019146.5 has the right to a chain belt feeder China University of mining and technology Zhao Jiyun; Xu Shilin 2008-01-10b65g17 / 06 (2006.01) I
14 practical 201120377239.2 has the right to hand wrap the machine Tianjin kadake automobile high tech company Chen Ruiqing; Wang Qingwu; Li Yanbiao 2011-09-28b65b67 / 10 (2006.01) I

8. The belt conveyor drives the continuous or intermittent movement of the conveyor belt through the motor and roller to transport all kinds of heavy and light goods. It can not only transport all kinds of bulk materials, but also transport all kinds of cartons, packaging bags and other small single weight goods. It is widely used

network knows

9. 5 is the belt with 5 layers of cloth in the middle. 4.5 is the thickness of belt working face (upper glue) is 4.5mm, 1.5 is the thickness of lower glue (non working face and contact surface with roller) is 1.5mm.