Ma'anshan Mining Machinery Co, Ltd

Shen Hong is in charge of a lot of major projects. Limited to space, here are just a few of them. The earliest and most important is 12000 tons hydraulic press, so it is important because its existence is related to a country's basic instry, such as military instry, steel plant equipment manufacturing capacity. In 1958, Shen Hong wrote a letter to Chairman Mao at the second session of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, suggesting that "emancipating the mind, self-reliance, self design and manufacturing 12000 ton hydraulic press in line with China's situation" was approved. There is no mystery in the principle and structure of the 10000 ton hydraulic press. The difficulty is that its parts are very large, so the equipment needed to manufacture it is also very large. In 1958, China did not have the conditions to proce 12000 ton hydraulic press. But at that time, for a new welding method - electroslag welding has been more mature grasp. Seeing that there was an opportunity, Shen Hong considered using tailor-made welding to make the parts that we could not make into smaller ones first, and then put them together by electroslag welding. Shen Hong's idea is a key strategic decision. Not only ten thousand ton hydraulic press appeared several years in advance, but also it has great inspiration and encouragement to the national scientific and technological circles and instry, and has promoted the development of technology. However, it is extremely arous to realize this plan. Take the four columns of hydraulic press as an example, because there was not enough large ingot and forging capacity at that time. After thinking about various plans, it was finally decided to use eight sections of manganese vanadium cast steel cylinder, which were welded by electroslag welding to form a large steel column with a length of 18 meters, each with a net weight of 80 tons. These four Optimus are the most critical parts of 12000 tons of high water pressure. After this close, many other high-pressure vessels, high-pressure cylinders and so on are easily solved. Shen Hong often said that this kind of method can be said to rely on the creation of experienced technicians and old technicians, and I only participate in the discussion and final decision-making. In fact, the manufacture of this 10000 ton hydraulic press with all welded structure is a very complicated process. If there is any mistake in any step, it will cause great difficulties for the future. Shen Hong and his assistant Lin Zongtang went to the front line to direct every link from design to process arrangement to construction and installation. In order to test the design, a 1 / 10 1200 ton testing machine is manufactured to verify and modify the design. The 12000 ton all welded structure is made entirely by the Chinese people's own strength rather than by external forces, which enhances the determination of Chinese mechanical engineering technicians and workers to work hard and rely on themselves
the 10000 ton hydraulic press project has not yet been completed, and Shen Hong has accepted the more arous task of leading the design and manufacture of "nine major equipment". If we say that the battle of ten thousand ton hydraulic press is just a tough battle in Shanghai led by Shen Hong, then the battle of "nine major equipments" is a tough battle of heavy machinery manufacturing with the whole country as the battlefield. It was a "three-year difficult period" and the international environment was grim. The central government has decided to develop atomic bombs, missiles and new aircraft on its own in order to greatly strengthen national defense. The new raw materials needed must be based at home. The "nine major equipments" approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in May 1961 are the major machines and equipments developed for the proction of these new materials
"nine major equipment" is not nine major equipment, but nine sets of large complete sets of equipment, including 840 kinds, more than 1400 sets, with a total weight of 45000 tons. The nine sets of equipment are:
the first set: 30000 tons die forging hydraulic press
the second set: 12500t horizontal extrusion water press
the two sets of 298 kinds of 460 sets of machinery and equipment with a total weight of 24750 tons are mainly used for forging and extrusion of wing beams, wallboards, profiles and nose cones of aircraft and missiles
the third set: 2800 mm aluminum plate hot rolling mill< The fourth set: 2800 mm aluminum plate cold rolling mill
these two sets of 221 kinds of 303 machines with a total weight of 10000 tons are used for rolling large aluminum plates for aircraft and missiles
the fifth set: 2-80mm diameter steel pipe mill< The sixth set: 80-200 mm diameter steel pipe mill< There are 189 kinds of 318 sets of mechanical equipment with a total weight of 3800 tons, which are used for rolling thin-walled high temperature resistant steel tubes and stainless steel tubes for aircraft, missiles and other cutting-edge technologies
the seventh set: cold rolling mill with 2300mm roll width; There are 106 kinds and 222 sets of machinery and equipment with a total weight of 6220 tons
the eighth set: 20 high ultra thin plate mill with roll width of 700mm
these two sets are used for rolling wide, thin and extra thin high temperature resistant steel plates and stainless steel plates< The ninth set: 10000 ton hydraulic press
there are two kinds of main engines with a total weight of 1500 tons, which are used for pressing FRP missile nose cones
among these machines, there are 18 large workpieces weighing more than 100 tons, and the largest one weighs about 160 tons
this campaign involves 10 ministries and commissions of the central government, hundreds of factories, more than 1000 engineering and technical personnel, and more than 10000 workers, and has carried out more than 100 important experimental studies. Originally scheled to complete the delivery from 1966 to 1967, but in the climax of the delivery of equipment, the storm of "Cultural Revolution" came, the cadres were persecuted and the work was disordered. Thanks to the personal inspection and supervision of Marshal Nie Rongzhen, it was finally completed in 1969. At that time, there were only two or three countries in the world with the "nine major equipment" completed in nearly nine years. These equipments are suitable, reliable and low cost. Since the opening up to the outside world, experts from the United States, Japan, Federal Republic of Germany and other countries have expressed surprise and admiration for the complete set of equipment developed by China in the 1960s. These nine sets of equipment are still the lifeblood of the country at the time of the publication of this article. Take an example to illustrate this. Not long ago, the first set of 30000 ton die forging press also proced titanium alloy landing gear forgings for Boeing aircraft company. This is probably the most demanding artifact in the world
Shen Hong did not lead the project from the very beginning, but was appointed under the difficult situation that all parties involved could not unify the guiding ideology, there were countless ways to work, and the requirements were urgent
Shen Hong took office on January 2, 1962. First of all, he made in-depth investigation and listened to the opinions of all parties. He learned that different parties had different ideas, the work had reached a deadlock, and the overall progress could not be determined< When Shen Hong learned about this issue, he wrote a report to the Central Committee in his spirit of seeking truth from facts and daring to tell the truth, saying: "it is impossible for the nine major equipment to be completed according to the original schele. As for when it will be completed, he asked me to make a separate report after a few months' investigation and study." The report is only a few dozen words, but it tells us the truth that we all know but dare not say. Faced with this new leader who dares to tell the truth and seek truth from facts, the cadres participating in this work feel that their work can be carried out and they are excited; On the other hand, I also feel that the work style must be down-to-earth, big hat and empty talk
Shen Hong stressed to all parties concerned that the nine major equipments are the common cause of all of us. We must attach great importance to the overall situation, work in unity and cooperation, implement the combination of variety and three in our work, pool our wisdom and avoid one sidedness. Eight of the nine major equipments are used by factories of the Ministry of metallurgy. Shen Hongshang asked the Party group of the Ministry of metallurgy to agree to send Vice Minister Xu Chi of the Ministry of metallurgy to lead the work. Shen Hong and Xu Chi cooperated closely in Yan'an period. Both of them were technical experts with the spirit of striving for strength and self-reliance and the style of considering the overall situation and supporting each other. Later important design review meetings were jointly presided over by Shen Hong and Xu Chi. They understood and supported each other. With their accurate analysis and judgment, the stalemate problems in the past were quickly resolved one by one. As the two ministers set an example above and did ideological work for their subordinate grassroots units, the Ministry of machinery and metallurgy quickly formed a good atmosphere of unity and cooperation from top to bottom. The engineering and technical personnel of the two departments joined hands to study, investigate, study and discuss together. Many technical problems that were originally divergent graally reached consensus in understanding. Shen Hong also taught the nine major equipment design teams the working methods of "seven things consistent system" and "four to site" created by him in the development process of 10000 ton hydraulic press. Shen Hong and Xu Chi set the general guiding principles for the design and manufacture of the nine major equipment in view of the ideological tendencies of all parties concerned: they should neither simply choose ready-made old equipment to make up a complete set for the sake of reliability, nor unilaterally pursue "advanced" and adopt some new technologies that are not very necessary and have not been grasped at the moment to delay the progress of the whole project
in order to implement this principle, Shen Hong, regardless of being nearly 60 years old, spared no effort to go all over the country to investigate, examine and supervise the design, testing, manufacturing and user units. Where he went, he did not first listen to the reports of a few leading comrades, but read the drawings, models and calculations, and came to the scene in person to get a clear picture of the situation and problems. When he encountered key problems, he often looked up data, calculated and drew drawings by himself at night. The next morning, he brought drawings and materials to the meeting to participate in the discussion“ When a minister is on a business trip, he must bring a plotter
the development of the nine major equipment has made great contributions to China's national defense construction and economic construction. The successful experience of the development of the nine major equipment is still of great guiding significance for today's major engineering projects
there are still many major projects presided over by Shen Hong, many of which belong to the key projects related to the lifeline of the country. With enthusiasm and innovative spirit, he united all parties and successfully solved them
in 1961, the assembly of 150000 kW large turbine units of Sanmenxia Hydropower Station encountered difficulties. The turbine rotor, which is divided into two pieces and has a combined diameter of more than 5 meters, was sold to us by a large country. It was delivered to the construction site in 1959. According to the contract, the two pieces were welded before delivery. However, the situation suddenly changed, and the experts of the other side withdrew. They repeatedly urged them not to. Liu LANBO, Minister of the Ministry of water and electricity, suggested to Premier Zhou Enlai that Shen Hong should be sent to deal with the problem, and the premier agreed. Shen Hong resolutely accepted the order, he said: "since the other party quit, how can you do it yourself?" He first discussed with Lin Zongtang, the assistant who designed and manufactured the 10000 ton hydraulic press, and invited Tang Yingbin, the veteran welder of Shanghai Jiangnan Shipyard, and more than 100 metallurgical, mechanical and welding experts from all over the country to observe and study at the construction site, and worked out the welding scheme. Before the construction, the 10 best welders were selected through the examination. Shen Hong asked them to keep up their energy for a week at the construction site, sleep well and eat well. At that time, everyone was living in difficulty and had no meat to eat, but Shen Hong had to ensure that each of the 10 welders had half a kilo of meat a day. Because he knew that welding this big piece had to work at least two consecutive days and nights. If the welder was too weak and fainted at the scene, he would miss a big event. During the construction, Shen Hong and Feng zhongyun, Vice Minister of the Ministry of water and electricity, concted on-site command. The project started on October 3 and was successfully completed on October 5. On October 8, Premier Zhou Enlai and vice premier Chen Yi accompanied Nepalese King Mahendra to visit Sanmenxia Hydropower Station. They were very happy to see that the Dashui motor had been welded. They took a group photo with Shen Hong and his colleagues
in the spring of 1962, Shen Hong took part in another battle to break the blockade of the same big country - homemade train wheel and tyre. The tyre is the hoop sleeve on the big wheel of the locomotive, also known as the "boot" of the locomotive. The other Party promised to supply us. After the tense relations, it suddenly announced the suspension of supply, and tens of thousands of kilometers of Chinese railways are facing the threat of suspension. China was already in the Great Leap Forward period