Niobium ore cleaning machine

1. Tantalum niobium ore refers to the general term of minerals containing tantalum and niobium. Generally, the composition of tantalum niobium ore is more complex, and the main associated minerals are tantalum niobium iron ore, niobium iron ore, tantalum iron ore, fine crystal, etc. Therefore, the beneficiation process of tantalum niobium ore is also more complex. Gravity separation, gravity flotation, gravity magnetic separation, gravity magnetic separation and electric separation are often used. Which method is suitable depends on the specific composition of associated minerals. However, no matter what kind of associated minerals exist, it is very important to do a good job in the desliming and classification of tantalum niobium ore for the subsequent separation
tantalum and niobium ore process:
the raw ore washing adopts the combined multi-level ore washing process of vibrating feeder, vibrating screen and spiral classifier desliming. The practice shows that the process is suitable for the ore with large variation of water and mud content in raw ore, and the efficiency of ore washing and desliming is high
the crushing process adopts the closed circuit composed of rod mill and linear vibrating screen and the secondary classification process of spiral classifier, which can improve the grinding efficiency and rece the over grinding loss of useful minerals. Economic separation and classification are very important for gravity separation
it is very important to strengthen the classification, desliming and iron removal of materials before gravity separation. Multi level classification and de fining can rece the grade of separation materials, strengthen the concentration of slime and improve the separation effect. A considerable amount of iron is mixed into the selected materials in the process of processing, and the iron is easy to deposit and oxidize and adhere to the surface of the separation equipment, which destroys the normal separation process and affects the beneficiation effect. The magnetic separator with appropriate performance is selected to be set at a reasonable part of the process and the iron is removed in time, which is beneficial to the operation management and the improvement of beneficiation index
the roughing equipment adopts spiral chute, which can discard 60% - 80% tailings, and the enrichment ratio is 3-6 times, thus greatly recing the use of shaker. The fine-grained tantalum niobium ore is separated by shaking table. At the same time, attention should be paid to slag removal, dehydration, micro fine-grained separation, stable feed concentration and feed rate. The tantalum niobium concentrate with higher index can be obtained
If tantalum niobium ore contains a considerable amount of associated gangues such as lepidolite and feldspar, the slime after gravity separation can be floated to obtain lepidolite concentrate and feldspar concentrate.

3. The largest tantalum niobium ore in China -- 801 ore location: "801 ore" is located in the east of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, near Jilin Province. Basic situation of the mine: the mine is divided into two orebodies: East orebody and West orebody. The surface exposed area of East orebody is 0.24 square kilometers, which increases from the surface to the deep. It contains 21500 tons of Ta2O5, with an average grade of 0.0177%. The upper part (0-50) has 8300 tons of Ta2O5, with a grade of more than 0.022%; It contains nb2o5370000 tons with an average grade of 0.296%. At present, the reserves in the East have the potential to double“ "801 deposit" is the largest proven tantalum niobium deposit in China. Characteristics: "801 mine" has large scale, high grade and shallow burial, which is concive to open-pit mining. In addition, the mine is rich in rare earth, beryllium, zirconium and other metal minerals, with great potential for comprehensive utilization. Environment: the mine is located in the east of China, with flat area, convenient traffic conditions, developed economy, sufficient hydropower and rich energy, which has a good mining development environment. Planning: at present, Ningxia Dongfang tantalum Co., Ltd. has formed an agreement with government departments to jointly develop the mine.

4.

The minerals of this group are mainly niobate and tantalite, which constitute a complete isomorphic series

(Fe, Mn) NB < sub > 2 < / sub > o < sub > 6 < / sub > - (Fe, Mn) ta < sub > 2 < / sub > o < sub > 6 < / sub >

orthorhombic crystal system; Symmetrical mmm. Space group PCAN; a₀=0.574～0.577nm,b₀=1.427～1.446nm,c₀=0.509～0.506nm; Z=4

The composition and structure of niobate and tantalite are similar to each other, so the content of each component varies greatly, and it often contains Ti, Sn, W, etc. The crystal structure is similar to that of brookite, i.e. oxygen ions are close packed in four layers, and Nb, Ta, Fe and Mn ions are located in the octahedral space

morphology: the crystal is plate-shaped and short columnar (Fig. 10-24), and the bicrystal is heart-shaped contact bicrystal according to (201). It is usually granular aggregate

Fig. 10-24 crystal form of niobate tantalite

A-plate; B-short columnar

C {001}, a {100}, B {010}, e {201}, m {110}, G {130}, D {170}, u {111}, O {131}, K {011}, y {160}

(modified according to Berry et al., 1983)

physical properties black to brownish black; Streaks brown red to black; Semi metallic luster. The hardness is 6-6.5; Cleavage parallel {010} medium; Secondary shell fracture. The density increased with the increase of TA < sub > 2 < / sub > o < sub > 5 < / sub > content, ranging from 5.15 to 8.20g/cm < sup > 3 < / sup >

the identification characteristics were crystal shape, black and high density. It differs from wolframite in that the latter has {010} complete cleavage and low hardness. The difference from epidote is that the density of epidote is smaller

the genesis and occurrence are mainly occurred in granite pegmatite and altered granite, and are often associated with quartz, feldspar, mica, tourmaline, beryl, spomene, cassiterite, wolframite, barite and monazite. The pegmatites in Altai area and some altered granites in Nanling are rich in native minerals. In 1982, tantalum niobate megacrysts weighing 60 kg were discovered in Xinjiang

it is mainly used as an important mineral raw material for refining niobium and tantalum

5. The lowest instrial grade index is: (TA, Nb) 205 0.016-0.028%. The grade of most TA NB deposits in China is close to or slightly higher than the lowest instrial grade index. There are few deposits with Ta205 grade over 0.02%, while there are only a few carbonate deposits with nb205 grade over 0.1%. The nb205 grade of other types of deposits is about 0.02%
the data of tantalum and niobium reserves show that China's tantalum (Ta205) reserves and basic reserves are still large in quantity, but the Ta205 grade of tantalum resources in China hardly exceeds 0.02%. Obviously, the "reserves" derived from such a low grade are difficult to compare with the reserves calculated from foreign high grade. So is niobium

6.

(1) General situation

the exploration area is located in the middle of Yunnan Province. The administrative division is under the jurisdiction of puxiong Township, Jianshui County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province (part of which belongs to Gejiu City). The exploration area is located at 135 km, Jianshui County ° It is about 40 km away from Jianshui County and 350 km away from Kunming. It can be opened to traffic throughout the year, with convenient transportation and simple highways extending in all directions. The climate in the region is subtropical plateau humid monsoon climate with distinct dry and wet seasons and obvious vertical variation of temperature difference

from 2001 to 2013, 209 Geological Brigade of Yunnan nuclear instry carried out exploration work. The exploration mineral is niobium polymetallic ore, and the degree of work is exploration. The exploration fund is 52.89 million yuan

The niobium orebodies are mainly proced in the weathering crust of changlinggang alkaline rock mass. The orebodies are planar in plane and layered in vertical; The grade increases obviously near the contact zone with the surrounding rock, and generally changes with the contact occurrence and structural occurrence in the contact zone or structural fracture. However, when the alkaline rock protrudes to the marble, the ore bodies are mostly distributed on the upper side of the altered alkaline rock in the contact zone, which is lenticular and stratoid. On the profile, the ore body grade is relatively lower in the center and south of the rock mass, and on the inner structural belt of the weathering crust, the niobium ore grade also has a decreasing trend, but the overall thickness is more uniform. At the end of this exploration, 2886 tons of (332) niobium oxides were initially discovered There are 16269.8 tons of (333) niobium oxide and 3028 tons of (334) niobium oxide, and the accurate resources will be determined after the report is completed

the REE orebodies mainly occur in the weathering crust of changlinggang alkaline rock mass. The orebodies are planar in plane and layered in vertical. The thickness of weathering crust is directly proportional to the ore grade, that is, the greater the thickness of weathering crust is, the higher the rare earth grade is; The grade on the profile is relatively uniform with little change; However, near the North contact zone of the rock mass, the rare earth thickness becomes thinner and the grade decreases. In the inner structural zone of the weathering crust, the rare earth grade also tends to decrease. At the end of this exploration, 13100 tons of (332) rare earth oxides, 9.16 tons of (333) rare earth oxides and 5.07 tons of (334) rare earth oxides were preliminarily detected, and the accurate resources will be determined after the preparation of the report

considering the principle of comprehensive evaluation and common utilization, gallium resources of 1000 tons (metal) and scandium resources of 1113 tons (metal) of associated minerals have been preliminarily explored at the end of this exploration, and the accurate resources will be determined after the preparation of the report. The above results have not been reviewed

(3) the brief process of achievement

since 2001, the 209 Geological Brigade of Yunnan nuclear instry has carried out geological exploration, mainly focusing on the contact zone of alkaline syenite to search for uranium and niobium polymetallic ore. e to the high thorium content, the difficulty of beneficiation process and the high development cost, it has failed to break through; From 2007 to 2008, many lead molybdenum deposits were found near the contact zone, but no systematic evaluation was concted; Based on the preliminary work of the Institute of mineral resources development in 2010, a comprehensive study on regional mineralization was carried out. It is considered that the area has the potential to form weathering crust type deposits. In 2011, the geochemical exploration scanning work was carried out in the whole area, and a large area of rare earth and niobium anomalies and mineralization were found; In 2012, the anomalies were exposed and verified to be ore-inced anomalies. It was confirmed that the area has the conditions to form large-scale and super large weathering crust type Nb and re polymetallic deposits. In 2013, about 24 million yuan was invested to complete 1:2000 topographic survey of 11.2 square kilometers, 1:10000 geological survey of 40 square kilometers, and 1:5000 geological and hydraulic, engineering and geological survey Ring survey 14 square kilometers and 1 ∶ 10000 geochemical survey 7.2 square kilometers, surface high-precision magnetic survey 50.9 square kilometers, electrical survey 3275 points, EH4 controlled source magnetotelluric sounding 623 points, 1 ∶ 2000 magnetic method fine section and energy spectrum fine section 10 kilometers, shallow well 3085 meters, drilling 13167 meters, comprehensive logging 12800 meters, radioactive logging 1490 meters. 12747 samples were collected

8. Tantalum (TA) and niobium (NB) are rare metals with high melting point (tantalum 2996 ℃ and niobium 2468 ℃) and high boiling point (tantalum 5427 ℃ and niobium 5127 ℃). They are steel like in appearance, with gray luster and dark gray powder. They have the characteristics of gas absorption, corrosion resistance, superconctivity, monopole conctivity and high strength at high temperature
therefore, the current high-tech instries related to the application of new tantalum niobium materials include electronics, precision ceramics and precision glass instries; Electro acousto optic devices; Cemented carbide, aerospace and electronic energy instry; Biomedical engineering; Superconcting instry; Special steel and other instries
tantalum and niobium play an important role in electronic instry, chemical instry, special alloy, vacuum technology and advanced technology. In the electronic instry, the electrolytic capacitor made of tantalum metal has the outstanding characteristics of large capacitance, small leakage current, good stability, high reliability, good voltage withstand performance, long service life, small volume and so on. It is widely used in the electronic circuits of national defense, aviation, aerospace, electronic computers, high-grade civil electrical appliances and all kinds of electronic instruments
in the metallurgical instry, tantalum and niobium are mainly used as additives for procing high strength alloy steel, improving various alloy properties and making superhard tools

recently, the worldwide instrialization process and the depreciation of the US dollar have accelerated the sharp rise in the prices of metals, non-metals and other resources, and the market demand for rare metals has further increased. The R & D and proction of tantalum, niobium and other high-tech procts have entered a new growth period. Ningxia Dongfang Nonferrous Metals Group, the first one in the same instry in China to be accepted as a member by the international tantalum and niobium Research Center (TIC) and a national key high-tech enterprise recognized by the Ministry of science and technology of the people's Republic of China, has 23 varieties of high-tech procts in the field of new materials, with tantalum powder and tantalum wire accounting for 20% and 45% of the world market share respectively, At the same time, it is also a very important new material supply base in the fields of national defense, nuclear energy, aerospace, electronics, metallurgy and chemical instry, representing a new turning point of China's rare metal instry
tantalum and niobium market recovery and application growth
in recent years, with the booming demand of computers, digital cameras, mobile phones and vehicle electronic systems, the demand for tantalum is graally coming out of the trough. Tantalum concentrate prices also returned to normal. In recent years, the world's total demand for tantalum is about 2000 tons, while the demand for niobium is more than 20000 tons; The main use of tantalum is tantalum powder and tantalum wire for capacitor, which accounts for more than half of the total consumption; Niobium is mainly used as an additive for iron and steel, accounting for nearly 90% of the total consumption; In 2000, the consumption of tantalum reached a record 2235 tons. In 2001, the consumption of tantalum dropped rapidly to 1562 tons. In 2004, the output of tantalum increased steadily to nearly 2000 tons; Niobium demand has been relatively stable
China has obvious resource advantages
the situation of some extra large or large tantalum niobium deposits in China:
characteristics: tantalum deposits are small in scale, low in ore grade, fine and dispersed in disseminated grain size, and associated with multi metals, resulting in difficult mining, separation and separation, and low recovery rate; The occurrence state is poor, and there are few large-scale open pit mines. There is no independent niobium mine in China, and niobium is often associated with rare earth and tantalum
reserves: the minimum instrial grade index of tantalum niobium deposit reserves calculation stipulated by China is: (TA, Nb) 205 0.016-0.028%, which is close to or slightly higher than the minimum instrial grade index of most tantalum niobium deposits in China. There are few deposits with Ta205 grade over 0.02%, while there are only a few carbonate deposits with nb205 grade over 0.1%. The nb205 grade of other types of deposits is about 0.02%
the data of tantalum and niobium reserves show that China's tantalum (Ta205) reserves and basic reserves are still large in quantity, but the Ta205 grade of tantalum resources in China hardly exceeds 0.02%. Obviously, the "reserves" derived from such a low grade are difficult to compare with the reserves calculated from foreign high grade. So is niobium
tantalum and niobium smelting and processing technology innovation
hydrometallurgy
pulp extraction; Pyrolysis and low acid extraction; Off line analysis, on-line analysis and microcomputer monitoring; Cold crystallization of potassium fluotantalate; The process of procing low fluorine Ta205 and nb205 by continuous spray precipitation; High purity Ta205 and nb205 were proced by peroxide precipitation; High flux mixing clarifying extraction tank and combined extraction equipment; International advanced potassium fluotantalate vacuum rotary drying equipment and far infrared continuous drying equipment are adopted< Pyrometallurgy
tantalum powder: high specific volume tantalum powder deoxidation method, oxygen control method, phosphorus and nitrogen doping technology and granulation hot agglomeration technology, developed a variety of tantalum powder proction processes such as J, P, D, DP and W, and developed 10000-30000-50000-70000-80000 μ Fv / G series tantalum powder with high specific volume is exported, and the research level exceeds 100000 μ A new rection method of tantalum oxide was studied< Niobium powder: niobium powder and other metal niobium and its alloy procts are proced and purified by the new process of aluminothermic rection horizontal EB furnace refining. The research level of capacitor grade niobium powder has reached 100000-120000 specific capacitance μ Fv/g <
metalworking
tantalum wire: a new process of isostatic pressing, vertical melting sintering, profile rolling and blooming, multi-mode continuous drawing, special surface treatment, continuous annealing and continuous cleaning is adopted to develop tantalum wire Φ 0.25-0.20-0.17mm series tantalum wires with small diameter are exported, and the research level is up to Φ 065mm, the tensile strength of tantalum wire can be controlled in a wide range of 32-168kgf / mm2 according to customers' requirements, and the brittleness resistance, high temperature bending resistance and drawing resistance of procts can be improved according to customers' requirements
ingot, bar, plate, tube and sheet: the refined technical ability is enhanced. There are 100, 200 and 600 kW electron beam furnace and 1 ton electric arc furnace, which can proce tantalum and niobium metal and its alloy ingots of various specifications. As raw materials, it can proce tubes, bars, plates, sheets and foils of various specifications
research and development hotspots of tantalum and niobium applications and new technologies and materials
research and development of tantalum and niobium halides and alkoxides
150000 μ Research and development of tantalum powder with ultra high specific volume above Fv / g Φ Research and development of tantalum wire with diameter less than 0.065mm
research and development of capacitor grade niobium powder
research and development of tantalum alloy, niobium alloy and processing materials
research and development of large diameter tantalum niobate crystal
research and development of tantalum niobium oxide and metal target materials Research and development of vacuum grade ferroniobium
the investment heat of tantalum instry has not decreased
e to the continuous progress of China's Tantalum and niobium instry, the investment heat of China's Tantalum and niobium instry has been heating up since the second half of the 1990s. In addition to Ningxia nonferrous metal smelter, Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Co., Ltd., Jiujiang nonferrous metal smelter, Guangxi Limu nonferrous metal instry Co., Ltd. and Guangdong Conghua tantalum niobium smelter, these five old backbone tantalum niobium enterprises continue to invest in transformation and upgrading, Guangdong oluoshan sapphire, Guangdong fogangjiate, Hengyang jinxinlaifu and other enterprises take advantage of the situation and become the rising star of tantalum niobium instry. Even after the tantalum market turmoil in 2000-2001, there are still more than 10 enterprises in Guangdong, Jiangxi and other provinces joining the tantalum and niobium instry, and some investors are preparing to enter the tantalum and niobium instry. In 2005, there were more than 40 tantalum and niobium manufacturers in China< According to a preliminary estimate, the output of tantalum procts in China is about 800 tons, accounting for more than one third of the world's total output. The proction capacity of K2TaF7 is more than 2000 tons, accounting for more than 50% of the world's total demand. It can be said that China has become a major tantalum instry country in the world< The development of tantalum smelting and processing instry is mainly restricted by the utilization of tantalum resources and the application of tantalum procts. The current situation of tantalum resources and the wide application of tantalum procts make the development of tantalum smelting and processing instry in a contradiction between supply and demand. Since the 1990s, tantalum raw materials are always in short supply. 70% of the world's tantalum concentrate is still insufficient in this field, resulting in a 600% increase in the price of Tantalum Minerals. Tantalum deposits are widely distributed in China, but most of them are of low grade and low utilization. In the 1990s, China's tantalum instry developed rapidly, and the problem of insufficient supply of raw materials graally exposed
at present, tantalum niobium consortium in China is a non-governmental organization spontaneously organized among enterprises to safeguard the overall interests of the instry, and plays a positive role in protecting the overall interests of the instry. With the rapid development of tantalum and niobium instry in China, it is necessary to set up tantalum and niobium Association in time to coordinate the relationship between enterprises internally, safeguard the overall interests of the instry externally, and assist the government in formulating the instry development plan
encourage collaboration among enterprises. Especially after the market fluctuation from 2000 to 2001, the raw material enterprises and smelting enterprises should be encouraged to establish a long-term mutually beneficial relationship between supply and demand, share weal and woe, share weal and woe, and enhance the overall anti risk ability
encourage enterprises to go abroad, establish long-term stable supply and demand relationship with foreign enterprises, and actively and steadily develop foreign tantalum and niobium resources
it is suggested that the relevant departments of the state formulate policies, increase the support for the development of new technologies and new procts in tantalum and niobium instry, support the export of tantalum and niobium high-tech procts, and establish a tantalum and niobium new proct development base and export base with the combination of instry, University and research

Yichun Tantalum niobium mine is located in Xinfang Township, Nandong, Yuanzhou District, 25 km away from Yichun City, with convenient transportation. The deposit is a superlarge deposit containing tantalum, niobium, lithium, beryllium, rubidium and cesium. It is also an important rare earth mineral resource base in China
1. Characteristics of the deposit:
the ore body is hosted in the Yashan granite body, and is distributed in a stratoid plane type, with stable and gentle occurrence (40% dip) °-- fifty °， Inclination 10 °-- twenty-eight °， It covers an area of about 2.8 square kilometers. The instrial ore body is 1700 meters long, 644 meters wide from east to west, with an area of about 1.5 square kilometers and an average thickness of 60 meters. The rich ore body is 1300 meters long, 55 meters wide and 31.5 meters thick (the largest is 42 meters)
2. Mineral characteristics of ore
ore minerals include fine spar, Mn rich NB TA Fe, Ta bearing cassiterite, associated minerals include lepidolite, zircon, topaz, beryl, Sn bearing TA Fe rutile, wolframite, monazite, yttrium phosphate, etc
3. Ore composition
tantalum pentoxide 0.0101%, niobium pentoxide 0.0084%, beryllium oxide 0.028%, lithium oxide 0.426%, rubidium oxide 0.2218%, cesium oxide 0.0308%. At the same time, the ore grade is rich in upper part and poor in lower part, rich in center and poor in edge< 4. Reserves
cumulative proved reserves: 19533 tons of tantalum pentoxide, 15600 tons of niobium pentoxide, 49492 tons of beryllium oxide, 752207 tons of lithium oxide, 401746 tons of rubidium oxide, 54337 tons of cesium oxide. Tantalum reserves are 16048 tons, accounting for 19.06% and 12.43% of China's (84200 tons) and the world's (129200 tons) respectively. At the same time, mine tailings is also an ideal raw material for glass instry, which has been mined by the state.