Rotary crusher
crushing equipment
crushing equipment is the mechanical equipment used to crush minerals
crushing operations are usually divided into coarse crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing according to the size of feeding and discharging particles. The commonly used sand and stone equipment include jaw crusher, impact crusher, impact crusher, compound crusher, single stage hammer crusher, vertical crusher, rotary crusher, cone crusher, roller crusher, double roller crusher, two in one crusher, one-time molding crusher, etc
it can be divided into six categories according to crushing mode and mechanical structure characteristics (action principle)
(1) jaw crusher (tiger mouth). The crushing action is that the movable jaw plate periodically presses the fixed jaw plate to crush the ore block sandwiched in it< (2) cone crusher. The ore block is between the inner and outer cones, the outer cone is fixed, and the inner cone swings eccentrically to crush or break the ore block
(3) roller crusher. In the gap between two opposite rotating round rollers, the ore block is mainly crushed continuously, but it also has the function of grinding and stripping, and the toothed roller surface also has the function of splitting
(4) impact crusher. The ore block is broken by the impact of fast rotating moving parts. Belong to this category can be divided into: hammer crusher; Cage crusher; Impact crusher
(5) grinding machine. The ore is crushed by the impact and grinding of grinding medium (steel ball, steel bar, gravel or ore block) in the rotating cylinder
(6) other types of crushers and grinders
mining machinery
mining machinery is the mechanical equipment used for directly mining useful minerals and mining preparation, including: mining machinery for mining metal ores and non-metal ores; Coal mining machinery for mining coal; Oil drilling and proction machinery for oil proction. The first pneumatic disc shearer was designed by the British engineer Walker and manufactured in 1868. In the 1880s, hundreds of oil wells in the United States were successfully drilled by steam powered percussion drilling. In 1907, the roller drill was used to drill oil wells and natural gas wells. Since 1937, it has been used to drill open-pit mines< Mining machinery
the mining machinery used in underground and open-pit mines include: drilling machinery for drilling blastholes; Mining machinery and loading and unloading machinery for mining and loading rocks; Boring machine for drilling raise, shaft and drift< Drilling machinery can be divided into rock drill and drilling machine, and drilling machine can be divided into open-pit drilling machine and underground drilling machine
① rock drill: it is used to drill blastholes with a diameter of 20-100 mm and a depth of less than 20 m in medium hard rock. According to its power, it can be divided into pneumatic, internal combustion, hydraulic and electric rock drills, among which pneumatic rock drill is the most widely used
② surface drilling rig: according to the working mechanism of crushing ore and rock, it can be divided into wire rope percussion drilling rig, down the hole drilling rig, cone drilling rig and rotary drilling rig. Because of the low efficiency, the wire rope percussion drill has been graally replaced by other drills
③ downhole drilling machine: when drilling borehole with diameter less than 150 mm, in addition to rock drill, 80-150 mm small diameter down the hole drill can also be used
roadheader
it is a kind of mechanical equipment for directly crushing ore and rock by using the axial pressure and rotary force of the cutter to roll the rock surface. The cutter used includes disc hob, wedge hob, ball hob and milling cutter. According to the different driving roadway, it is divided into raise boring machine, shaft boring machine and drift boring machine
① raise boring machine is specially used for drilling raise and pass. Generally, it doesn't need to enter the raise for operation. The guide hole is drilled with a cone bit, and the hole is enlarged upward with a reamer composed of disc hobs
② the vertical drilling rig is specially used for drilling a well at one time, which is composed of drilling tool system, rotary device, derrick, drilling tool lifting system and mud circulation system
③ drift digger is a comprehensive mechanized equipment which combines mechanical rock breaking and slag removal and continuously dries. It is mainly used for tunneling in coal roadway, engineering tunnel in soft mine and middle drift with medium hardness and above
coal mining machinery
coal mining operation has developed from semi mechanization in 1950s to comprehensive mechanization in 1980s. Comprehensive mechanized coal mining is widely used in shallow cut double (single) drum combined shearer (or plough), flexible scraper conveyor, hydraulic self moving support and other equipment, so as to realize comprehensive mechanization in crushing, coal dropping, coal loading, transportation, support and other aspects of mining face. The double drum shearer is a coal dropping machine. The motor transmits the power to the screw drum through the cutting part recer, and the movement of the machine is realized by the motor through the driving device of the traction part. There are basically two ways of traction, namely, anchor chain traction and non anchor chain traction. Anchor chain traction is realized by the engagement of the sprocket of the traction part and the anchor chain fixed on the conveyor
oil drilling and proction
onshore oil drilling and proction machinery. According to the proction process, it is divided into drilling machinery, oil proction machinery, workover machinery and fracturing and acidizing machinery to maintain high proction. A complete set of mechanical equipment for drilling or drilling proction wells for the development of oil or natural gas. Oil drilling machine, including derrick, winch, power machine, mud circulation system, pulley system, rotary table, wellhead device and electrical control system. The derrick is used to install crown block, traveling block and hook, lift other heavy objects up and down the drill floor, and hang drilling tools in the well for drilling
mineral processing machinery
mineral processing is a process of selecting useful minerals from the collected mineral raw materials according to the differences of physical, physical and chemical properties of various minerals. The process is called mineral processing machinery. According to the beneficiation process, beneficiation machinery is divided into crushing, grinding, screening, separation (separation) and dewatering machinery. Jaw crusher, rotary crusher, cone crusher, roller crusher and impact crusher are commonly used in crushing machinery. Cylinder mill is the most widely used in grinding machinery, including rod mill, ball mill, gravel mill and ultra-fine laminated autogenous mill. Inertia vibrating screen and resonance screen are commonly used in screening machinery. Hydraulic classifier and mechanical classifier are widely used in wet classification. The commonly used separation flotation machine is full section airlift micro bubble flotation machine, and the well-known dewatering machine is multi frequency dewatering screen tailings dry discharge system. Superfine laminated autogenous mill is more famous in crushing and grinding system<
drying machinery
the special dryer for slime is a new type of special drying equipment developed on the basis of drum dryer, which can be widely used in the drying of slime, raw coal, flotation clean coal, mixed clean coal and other materials in coal instry
2. Drying of blast furnace slag, clay, bentonite, limestone, sand, quartzite and other materials in construction instry
3. Drying of various metal concentrates, waste resie, tailings and other materials in mineral processing instry
4. Drying of non heat sensitive materials in chemical instry.
Crushing equipment is the mechanical equipment used to crush minerals
crushing operations are usually divided into coarse crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing according to the size of feeding and discharging particles. The commonly used sand and stone equipment include jaw crusher, impact crusher, impact crusher, compound crusher, single stage hammer crusher, vertical crusher, rotary crusher, cone crusher, roller crusher, double roller crusher, two in one crusher, one-time molding crusher, etc
it can be divided into six categories according to crushing mode and mechanical structure characteristics (action principle)
(1) jaw crusher (tiger mouth). The crushing action is that the movable jaw plate periodically presses the fixed jaw plate to crush the ore block sandwiched in it< (2) cone crusher. The ore block is between the inner and outer cones, the outer cone is fixed, and the inner cone swings eccentrically to crush or break the ore block
(3) roller crusher. In the gap between two opposite rotating round rollers, the ore block is mainly crushed continuously, but it also has the function of grinding and stripping, and the toothed roller surface also has the function of splitting
(4) impact crusher. The ore block is broken by the impact of fast rotating moving parts. Belong to this category can be divided into: hammer crusher; Cage crusher; Impact crusher
(5) grinding machine. The ore is crushed by the impact and grinding of grinding medium (steel ball, steel bar, gravel or ore block) in the rotating cylinder
(6) other types of crushers and grinders. Drilling machinery is divided into rock drill and drilling rig, and drilling rig is divided into open-pit drilling rig and underground drilling rig
① rock drill: it is used to drill blastholes with a diameter of 20-100 mm and a depth of less than 20 m in medium hard rock. According to its power, it can be divided into pneumatic, internal combustion, hydraulic and electric rock drills, among which pneumatic rock drill is the most widely used
② surface drilling rig: according to the working mechanism of crushing ore and rock, it can be divided into wire rope percussion drilling rig, down the hole drilling rig, cone drilling rig and rotary drilling rig. Because of the low efficiency, the wire rope percussion drill has been graally replaced by other drills
③ downhole drilling machine: when drilling borehole with diameter less than 150 mm, in addition to rock drill, 80-150 mm small diameter down the hole drill can also be used. Using the axial pressure and rotary force of the cutter to roll the rock surface, it is a mechanical equipment for directly crushing ore and rock. The cutter used includes disc hob, wedge hob, ball hob and milling cutter. According to the different driving roadway, it is divided into raise boring machine, shaft boring machine and drift boring machine
① raise boring machine is specially used for drilling raise and pass. Generally, it doesn't need to enter the raise for operation. The guide hole is drilled with a cone bit, and the hole is enlarged upward with a reamer composed of disc hobs
② the vertical drilling rig is specially used for drilling a well at one time, which is composed of drilling tool system, rotary device, derrick, drilling tool lifting system and mud circulation system
③ drift digger is a comprehensive mechanized equipment which combines mechanical rock breaking and slag removal and continuously dries. It is mainly used for tunneling in coal roadway, engineering tunnel in soft mine and middle drift with medium hardness and above
the special dryer for slime is a new type of special drying equipment developed on the basis of drum dryer, which can be widely used in the drying of slime, raw coal, flotation clean coal, mixed clean coal and other materials in coal instry
2. Drying of blast furnace slag, clay, bentonite, limestone, sand, quartzite and other materials in construction instry
3. Drying of various metal concentrates, waste resie, tailings and other materials in mineral processing instry
4. Drying of non heat sensitive materials in chemical instry
the crusher is used in the coarse crushing stage. Generally, the feed particle size is larger, and the proct particle size is also larger, usually more than 6 mm (- 6 mm accounts for less than 60%). Their basic feature is that the working parts do not contact each other and keep a certain gap. According to the crushing mode and principle, it can be roughly divided into the following four types:
(1) jaw crusher (also known as Laohukou), which is an old and widely used crushing equipment. The crushing action is that the moving jaw periodically approaches and leaves the fixed jaw. Crushing the ore block between the two jaw plates (mainly crushing) and discharging (falling by self weight) is intermittent crushing. According to the movement characteristics of moving jaw, jaw crusher can be divided into simple swing (double toggle plate) and compound swing (single toggle plate)
(2) cone crusher is a continuous crushing equipment. According to the feed and proct size, cone crusher is divided into circular cone crusher and medium and fine cone crusher. According to the length of the parallel belt B (the gap between the moving cone and the fixed cone) of the crushing chamber, it can be divided into standard type, intermediate type and short head type cone crushers
both rotary cone crusher and jaw crusher belong to coarse crushing equipment, but because the cone crusher works continuously, its proction capacity is much larger than jaw crusher when the feeding properties are the same. The standard type and the short head type are used for medium crushing and fine crushing equipment respectively, while the intermediate type is between the two. Generally, it is used as the second crushing equipment when two-stage crushing
(3) impact crusher, which uses the "free" crushing principle of impact force to crush ore, the ore is crushed in the crusher by the impact of impact plate (plate hammer) and impact plate, and the complex effect of multiple collisions between ore. Therefore, the crusher has the advantages of large crushing ratio, high efficiency and less over crushing. It is a promising crushing equipment
(4) roller crusher. The ore is fed into two opposite rotating round rollers (smooth or non smooth) from the upper part. It is drawn into the crushing chamber by the friction between the material and the roller surface and crushed by the roller. The crushed ore is discharged from the gap between the two rollers by gravity. It is mainly used for medium and fine crushing of medium hard and brittle materials.
crane, send things to high place
excavator, bulldozer, pneumatic drill, etc
(1) carefully check whether all parts of the crusher are in good condition, whether all connecting pieces are firm, and whether there are obstacles in the transmission parts, etc
(2) check whether there are ore or iron lumps in the crushing chamber. If there are ore and other impurities, they should be cleaned to ensure that the crusher starts under no-load condition
(3) check whether auxiliary equipment such as feeder, belt conveyor, electrical equipment and signal device are in good condition
(4) check whether the size of the ore outlet meets the requirements of the proction process
(5) check the oil level and temperature in the oil tank. When the oil temperature is too low in winter, the heating equipment should be used to heat the oil temperature above 20 ℃
(6) check whether the interlocking devices of lubricating equipment, oil pump motor and crusher motor are normal
2. Start up of gyratory crusher
the gyratory crusher can only be started according to the start-up procere after the above inspection and confirmation
(1) start the oil pump motor of the lubrication system, check and adjust the oil supply pressure to control the oil supply pressure in the range of 0.1 ~ 0.3 MPa. Check whether the oil flow indicator and the whole lubrication system work normally. Check whether the pressure of cooling water in the filter cooler is about 0.05 MPa lower than the oil supply pressure, so as to prevent the cooling water from seeping into the lubricating oil. After the lubricating oil reaches all lubricating parts and the return oil is normal, the start-up signal will be sent out according to the regulations
(2) for hydraulic rotary crusher, before starting the main engine, the oil pump motor of the hydraulic system should be started to supply oil to the oil cylinder. When the crushing cone rises to the working position (the size of the ore outlet meets the requirements), close the stop valve first, and then close the oil pump motor. At the same time, check whether the charging pressure of the accumulator meets the requirements
(3) start the host. After starting the motor of the rotary crusher, first observe whether the working current of the ammeter is normal, and whether the operation of the main engine and each part of the crusher is normal. At the same time, add grease to the crushing cone suspension device and other dry oil lubricated parts. When the crusher idles for 3-5min and the machine runs normally, start the feeder to feed the ore, so that the crusher can crush the ore
3. Matters needing attention in the operation of the rotary crusher
after the feeder starts, the operator must observe and pay attention to the following matters ring the loaded operation of the crusher, and operate correctly:
(1) the operation of the crusher should be checked frequently. Pay attention to whether the sound of transmission part and gear meshing is normal, and whether the sound of machine crushing ore is normal. If there is any abnormal sound and any abnormal situation, it should be dealt with immediately. In special cases, it should be stopped immediately
(2) ore feeding must be uniform, and the particle size of ore feeding should not be greater than 0.8 times of the width of ore feeding mouth
(3) pay attention to the situation of ore discharge and transportation at any time to prevent the ore from blocking near the ore discharge outlet and causing accidents
(4) regularly check whether the oil pump, cooler and filter work normally, check the oil flow indicator of each lubricating part, and check whether the oil pressure and temperature are normal. The return oil temperature should be lower than 60 ℃, and the oil temperature should be below 45-50 ℃ after cooler
(5) grease the crushing cone suspension device and pulley bearing regularly
(6) strengthen the inspection of ore feeding to prevent metal block, drill head and other non broken materials from entering the crushing chamber
(7) regularly check whether the connecting pins between the crossbeam, the middle frame and the base are loose, and whether the broken liner is loose and seriously worn. Find problems and deal with them in time< (1) stop the feeder first, and the crusher will continue to run until all the ore in the crushing chamber is broken. Otherwise, it will bring great difficulties to the next startup
(2) stop the crusher
(3) stop the oil pump and ore discharge transportation equipment.
In 1936, among the mixed praise of the new deal in China, the presidential election once every four years came again. Roosevelt won again, winning all the electoral votes except Maine and Vermont. Roosevelt became the first president to control both houses of Congress by his party for two consecutive terms since President Monroe
In the face of the invasion of fascism, Roosevelt solemnly addressed the whole countrydate of birth and death: born in Westmoreland County, Virginia on April 28, 1758
died in New York City, New York State on July 4, 1831, New York)
term of office: March 4, 1817 March 4, 1821 March 4, 1821 March 4, 1825
Party: Democratic Republican Party
First Lady: Elizabeth kortwwright Monroe
Vice President: Daniel D. Tompkins
Monroe's ups and downs In 48 years, he served as a lawyer, a member of Parliament, a foreign envoy, a governor, a secretary of state, a secretary of the army, a president, and a chairman of the state constitutional assembly
when Monroe was president, the United States came into a period of peace building after the end of successive years of war. He emphasized national consciousness at home and vigorously explored territory abroad, creating favorable conditions for the development of American capitalism. In 1823, Monroe put forward the policy of American foreign policy in his state of the Union address, which is known as "Monroe declaration" or "Monroeism", that is, under the slogan of "America is America for Americans", Latin America is openly classified as the sphere of influence of the United States. Monroe, a miserable old man, died at his daughter's home at the age of 73< On April 28, 1758, James Monroe was born into a family of small farmers in Westmoreland, Virginia. Monroe's ancestors are Scots, his father Spence Monroe, a young carpenter, later served as a circuit judge. Her mother, Elizabeth Jones Monroe, is of Welsh descent. Although the Monroe family is not a famous family, it is well-off and belongs to the local upper class society. Monroe's parents have five children. Monroe is the longest of the boys
in his childhood, Monroe studied Latin and French for four years in a school run by a nearby pastor. In his spare time, he liked catching fish and birds, sailing, sometimes taking a hound, riding a horse to catch foxes and hares. He was in good shape. He was six feet tall just after he was ten years old< In 1774, at the age of 16, Monroe went to William and Mary College, a famous university in Virginia. At first, he could study hard. After the outbreak of the war of independence, he dropped out of school, took up arms, became a member of the "college company" of the college, received military training, and then embarked on the battlefield of fighting for the independence and freedom of the motherland< On December 2, 1823, Monroe presented to Congress the state of the Union address drafted by John Quincy Adams. The main content of the address on diplomacy was called "Monroe declaration", which was later called "Monroeism". Its content can be roughly summarized into three basic principles: the principle of "opposing European countries to seize colonies in America again", "non intervention" and "American system". Although this Monroe declaration has not been approved by Congress in the form of a resolution, for more than 100 years, it has become a tool used by the United States to oppose interference in American affairs by countries other than America, to prevent and further exclude the political influence of European powers in the Western Hemisphere, to "break away from contact" between America and Europe, thus clearing the way for the expansion of the United States in the Western Hemisphere, In particular, it has become a guide for US diplomacy in Latin America.
The publication of Monroe declaration originated from the independence movement of Spanish colonies in America. Latin American countries began the independence movement at the time of the uprising in Spain and achieved a major victory. The United States took the lead in recognizing the independence of Latin American countries in the world. Faced with the threat of intervention from the holy alliance, British Foreign Secretary canning proposed to the United States that the two countries issue a joint statement opposing the restoration of colonization in Latin America and advocating the recognition of Latin American independence. After a heated debate, American foreign policy makers decided to put aside canning's proposal and interpret the American position independently. On December 2, 1823, Monroe, the then president of the United States, issued his state of the Union address, which is the origin of Monroe Doctrine
the geographical scope of Monroe Doctrine is in Latin America. The major powers involved are Spain, Britain, Russia and France. Spain is the suzerain of the newly independent countries in Latin America and strongly advocates the suppression of the Latin American independence movement; Russia is the leader of the holy alliance. It owns Alaska in America and tries to expand to China and the United States; France has close economic relations with Latin America and actively advocates interfering in Latin American affairs; Britain was the most powerful country at that time and the largest trading partner of the newly independent countries in Latin America. Although Britain was willing to see the independence of the Spanish colonies in Latin America, it had mutual suspicion with the United States and tried to curb the expansion of American power. It can be said that the United States is facing a dangerous international environment
the Monroe declaration was published in the 47th year after the independence of the United States. As far as the comprehensive national strength is concerned, the United States ring the Monroe period is not a strong country, even a weak country compared with these powers. Economically, the manufacturing instry in the United States is only about 1 / 5 of that in the United Kingdom, less than half of that in Russia and France, and also lower than that in Spain, accounting for about 2% of the world's total manufacturing output. The Monroe era is a naked era of power politics. Today, some widely accepted norms and norms of international law, such as limiting the right to war, are far from being accepted. The most important means for countries to safeguard their national interests and strive for international status is war, and the most important tool is the army. During the Monroe period, the military strength of the United States was rather weak. In 1819, before the Monroe declaration was issued, the United States encountered economic crisis, and some plans to expand its military strength were postponed or cancelled. In 1821, the U.S. Congress reced the size of the army to 6183. Although the Navy passed the long-term construction plan in 1819, the expansion plan was delayed and compressed. In 1823, the strength of the U.S. Navy was only 1 / 4 of that of France and 1 / 8 of that of Russia, and the gap with Britain was even greater. Compared with the hundreds of thousands of troops of the relevant powers, it is almost negligible. The Holy Alliance threatened to suppress the Latin American independence movement. At that time, the international community only recognized Latin American independence by the United States. What kind of policy to adopt on the issue of Latin American independence will be an important test for the young United States
if it is a crushing equipment for mineral processing and the scale is large, the first stage rotary crusher + second stage and third stage cone crusher can be selected. If the scale is small, you can choose a jaw crusher + two-stage, three-stage cone crusher.