Yunnan ore washing machine

1. Short term options, Ding is still fooling, as long as it is not a fool should understand, this plate completely collapsed, want to get back the money to the police right

African mining AMBC and Sun Peng continue to brainwash, and all kinds of rubbish news emerge in an endless stream, who invests will lose

G payment, Zhou Chuan was arrested, 100% collapse, do not hold any illusion

radar coin, plummeting, cutting leeks, far away

environmental protection coins and brainwashing cults have been arrested by the police in some areas. Recently, the price of coins plummeted and many investors lost their money<

at present, some people can log in normally, while others can't log in normally, which leads to the collapse rhythm

in the top group, the cat always continues to cheat. People can be cheated once or twice. If they are cheated by the same person so many times, it can only be said that you are mentally disabled<

when the leader of Mirena starts, don't invest any more, just go to zero<

Huirong, the company has just been established for half a year. Its ridiculous listing scam fooled many people. Now it has collapsed, leaving behind a lot of chicken feathers

lucky, the withdrawal can't get to the account, basically collapsed

Lu Yu, like Runtong and Nanyang, has a long way to go

when Ali pushes, the capital market will collapse and run for a long time. We should be cautious at the end of the year<

the little god blowing is the God blowing, which is the same as the "shuilingzi" routine that has been investigated. It carries out false propaganda and is suspected of pyramid selling<

at Qihe auction, the shareholders of taohua.com opened the auction. At present, some teams have to leave, so it's better to stay away

Ethereum will collapse completely, so don't report any illusions

interest classification, completely cool, do not report any fantasy<

gib digital bank, formerly known as GCG Jufu foreign exchange, has cheated many people and is far away from it

TG gold panning, gambling, ten bet nine lose, away from

the green energy charging pile in the West has run away and cheated many people

the owner Yue of Changsheng equity has disappeared, and the original "heroic words" can not be realized www.ironge.com.cn Now there are still people fooling around

AJS is far away from the Australian Stock Exchange

AICT artificial intelligence chain, far away

the split disks of SW super world are all scams

ask the members of damx mall how deep the pit is<

Yashi is a scam

Archimedes exchange ACMD, suspected of pyramid selling, please stay away from

"Guofa venture capital" is a fake fraud platform of "Fengning Manzu Autonomous County Yifeng Trading Co., Ltd." and will soon run away

LPFs Hong Kong Hyatt sells mining machines to dig mines. It's a scam. Stay away from it

global currency is a fraud<

Yizhou international invests 2100 yuan to buy the original shares in the Northeast Asia exchange, and makes double profits after the listing. Remember that it is waiting for the listing, but what if it is not listed<

financial cloud ofiam, scam, stay away from

"China Magnesium equity, options", related company cancellation, or abnormal operation, stay away from

Tanggula is the best choice and is suspected of pyramid selling<

the trait card, which is used to learn the secret keeping method and moral classics every day in the group, is actually a routine of "raising pigs" -- "killing pigs", mainly to deceive the middle-aged and old people<

Shangpeng high tech, from the United States

2. No, it's still about the purity of gold.
it needs to be refined.

the content of gold in the ore is very low. In order to extract gold, it is necessary to crush and grind the ore and preconcentrate it by mineral processing or separate gold from the ore. Gravity separation and flotation are widely used in gold beneficiation. Gravity separation plays a very important role in placer gold proction. Flotation is widely used in rock gold mines. At present, about 80% of rock gold mines in China adopt this method for gold beneficiation. The level of beneficiation technology and equipment has been greatly improved< According to the investigation, jaw crushers are mostly used in China's gold concentrators for coarse crushing, standard cone crushers for medium crushing, and short head cone crushers and counter roller crushers for fine crushing. Medium and small gold concentrators mostly adopt two-stage one closed circuit crushing process, while large gold concentrators adopt three-stage one closed circuit crushing process

in order to improve the proction capacity of mineral processing and tap the potential of equipment, the crushing process has been reformed to improve the utilization coefficient of the grinding machine. The main measures adopted are more crushing and less grinding to rece the particle size of the incoming grinding stone< (2) gravity separation

gravity separation is widely used in rock gold mines. It is mostly used as an auxiliary process to recover coarse gold in grinding circuit, which creates favorable conditions for flotation and cyanidation process, improves beneficiation indexes, increases the total recovery of gold, and plays a positive role in increasing output and recing cost. More than 10 gold concentrators in Shandong Province have adopted the gravity separation process. The average total recovery rate can be increased by 2% ~ 3%. The economic benefit of the enterprise is good. According to incomplete statistics, the annual profit can be several million yuan. Henan, Hunan, Inner Mongolia and other provinces (regions) have also achieved good results, the main equipment used are chute, shaker, jig and short cone cyclone. From the view of most gold mines in China, the flotation gravity combined process (gravity separation for flotation tailings) is suitable for use. In the future, it is necessary to vigorously promote the stage grinding stage separation process and advocate the principle of early recovery< (3) flotation

according to the survey, about 80% of China's rock gold mines adopt flotation method for gold separation, and the concentrate proced is mostly sent to non-ferrous smelters for treatment. Due to the increasing development of cyanidation and in order to improve the economic benefit and rece the loss of concentrate transportation, the proct structure has changed greatly in recent years. Most of them adopt on-site treatment (of course, because of the contradiction between beneficiation and metallurgy and pricing problems, the mine is forced to treat on-site), which promotes the great development of flotation technology and occupies an important position in gold proction. There are usually two kinds of flotation processes: preferential flotation and mixed flotation. In recent years, new progress has been made in technological process improvement and reagent addition system, and flotation recovery has been improved significantly. According to the investigation results of flotation process indexes of more than 40 gold concentrators in China, the flotation recovery rate of sulfide ore is 90%, and a few of them are as high as 95% ~ 97%; The recovery of oxide ore is about 75%; Some of them are 80% - 85%. In recent years, there are a lot of innovation and scientific research achievements in flotation process, and the effect is obvious. Stage grinding flotation process and gravity flotation combined process are the main trend of flotation technology development in China. For example, Xiangxi Gold Mine adopts gravity flotation combined process to grind ore in stages and separate ore in stages, which can obtain better indexes and increase recovery by more than 6%; Jiaojia gold mine, Wulong gold mine, Wenyu Gold Mine and Dongchuang gold mine have also achieved certain results. Another example is Xincheng Gold Mine, where the original flowsheet is direct flotation of raw ore. e to the high mud content of the ore itself and the insufficient cemented filling strength of mining tailings, some mud and sand are brought in, the beneficiation indexes continuously decrease. Through investigation and test, the process flow of mud sand separation is adopted, the recovery rate is increased from 93.05% to 95.01%, the concentrate grade is increased from 135g / T to 140g / T, and the proction is stable. Because the grade of raw ore in Jinchangyu Gold Mine is decreasing year by year, the flotation index is reced. Through the cooperation with Shenyang Gold Institute and other units, the branch flotation process is adopted, and the flotation index and concentrate grade are improved. This scientific research achievement (passed the technical appraisal in January 1988) provides new enlightenment for the reform of flotation process. Of course, like other methods, flotation method is not omnipotent, and it is impossible to be effective for all gold bearing ores. The ore properties should be mainly considered. When selecting the technological process, it is necessary to carry out various demonstrations and tests

in recent years, in order to improve the separation effect, many improvements and researches have been made on the reagent addition system and mixed medication, and new progress has been made in the automatic control of dosing< (4) chemical separation hydrometallurgical gold extraction process

1. Mixed mercury gold extraction process

is an ancient gold extraction process, which is simple, economical and suitable for the recovery of coarse monomer gold. This method is still used in many gold mines in China. With the development of gold proction and the progress of science and technology, the process of extracting gold by mixed mercury method has been improved and perfected. Due to the increasingly stringent requirements of environmental protection, some mines have cancelled the mercury mixing operation and replaced it by gravity separation, flotation and cyanidation

in the proction of gold, the process of extracting gold by mixed mercury method still plays an important role, and has been applied at home and abroad. At present, this technology has been applied in many gold mines, such as Zhangjiakou, Hebei, Ergou, Liaoning, Jiapigou, Jilin and Yinan, Shandong. Liaoning Ergou gold mine was originally a single flotation process. According to the ore properties, it was changed into a combined process of mixed mercury and flotation. The total recovery was increased by 7.81% (the recovery of mixed mercury was 64.6%), the tailings grade was reced from 0.74g/t to 0.32g/t, and the annual benefit was 1.58 million yuan. The key to the process of gold extraction by mixed mercury method is how to take protective measures to eliminate mercury pollution< Cyanidation is the main method of extracting gold from ore or concentrate. The process of gold extraction by cyanidation includes: cyanidation leaching, washing and filtration of leaching pulp, extraction of gold from cyanidation solution or cyanidation pulp and smelting of finished procts. There are two kinds of gold extraction processes in the existing cyanidation plants of gold mines in China. One is the so-called conventional cyanidation process (CCD method and CCF method) in which the thickener is used for continuous countercurrent washing and zinc powder is used to replace the precipitation to recover gold. The other is that there is no need for filtration and washing, CIP process and CIL process were used to recover gold from cyanide pulp directly by activated carbon adsorption
the conventional cyanidation process can be divided into two types according to different materials: one is cyanidation plant which processes flotation gold concentrate or mixed mercury and gravity tailings. Most of them are large state-owned mines. For example, Jinchangyu in Hebei Province; Wulong, Liaoning, Yangzhaiyu, Henan; Zhaoyuan, Xincheng, Jiaojia and Sanshan gold mines in Shandong Province. The other is a gold extraction plant which processes argillaceous oxide ore and uses whole slime stirring cyanidation. Such as Jilin trench; Tuanjiegou, Heilongjiang Province; Xinqiao gold and silver mine in Anhui Province

the cyanidation process has been used in China since 1930s. During 1936-1938, Jinguashi gold mine in Taiwan used cyanidation zinc powder replacement process to extract gold with an annual output of 150000 taels< After entering the 1960s, in order to adapt to the development of national economy and vigorously develop the proction of mineral gold, the intermittent mechanical agitation cyanidation process and continuous agitation cyanidation process were successively adopted in some mines to replace the percolation cyanidation process. In 1967, the continuous mechanical agitation cyanidation process was first realized in Lingshan and Linglong gold concentrators of Zhaoyuan gold mine, Shandong Province. The cyanidation rate increased from 70% to 93.23%. Since then, the continuous mechanical agitation cyanidation process has been rapidly promoted in major gold mines in China. The cyanidation plants of Changyu gold mine in 1970 and Wulong gold mine in 1977 were successively built and put into operation. Since then, a number of mechanical stirring cyanidation plants have been built and put into operation in China. The cyanidation process has entered a new stage of development

with the continuous development of gold proction and the rapid development of gold resources, a large number of argillaceous high gold bearing oxide ores have been increased since the 1980s. The research on the whole slime cyanidation agitation leaching of this kind of ores has been carried out, and a cyanidation plant with a daily treatment capacity of 500 tons has been built in Tuanjiegou gold mine, Heilongjiang Province, which was put into proction in 1983. Since then, the whole slime cyanidation process has been widely used in Henan, Jilin, Hebei, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and other places. At the same time, in order to solve the difficulty of solid-liquid separation in dense filtration of argillaceous oxidized ore, Changchun Gold Research Institute began to use the non filtration carbon slurry process to extract gold from the ore of Tuanjiegou gold mine in November 1979. The experimental research lasted for two years and was successful. On this basis, in August 1984, China's first gold extraction plant with 50 tons of ore per day was designed and built in Linghu gold mine, Henan Province. It is a great step forward in the cyanidation process of gold extraction in China. The technology of extracting gold by carbon slurry has become one of the most important methods to treat argillaceous oxidized ore in rock gold mines. Since then, gold extraction plants have been established in Jilin, Henan, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and other places. At the end of 1984, the gold Bureau of the Ministry of metallurgical instry, in order to promote the application of carbon slurry process in China, transplanted and digested foreign advanced technology and equipment, cooperated with David McKee company of the United States, and established a 250t / D (xitongyu) and 450t / D (Zhangjiakou) carbon leaching gold extraction plant in xitongyu gold mine of Shaanxi Province and Zhangjiakou gold mine of Hebei Province, respectively. According to the investigation, the recovery rate of Zhangjiakou gold mine is 93.54% (the recovery rate of carbon slurry was 90.25% in 1988)

relying on science and technology, the experimental research of technological innovation has greatly improved the level of gold proction technology in China. For example, Jinchangyu Gold Mine successfully used zinc powder instead of zinc wire to replace gold mud, the replacement rate reached 99.89%, the gold grade of gold mud was significantly improved, the zinc consumption was reced from 2.2kg/t to 0.6kg/t, and the proction cost was greatly reced. Then, the application in Zhaoyuan, Jiaojia, Xincheng, Wulong and other mines also achieved obvious results. The heap leaching process of low-grade oxidized ore has been applied in Henan, Hebei, Liaoning, Yunnan, Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shaanxi and other provinces after the successful test in Dandong Hushan gold mine. The economic effect is obvious, which opens a way for the development and utilization of low-grade oxidized ore. According to incomplete statistics, the annual output of gold proced by heap leaching in China is more than 10000 taels (only 13000 taels of gold proced by heap leaching in Henan Province), but compared with developed countries, the scale of heap leaching in China is smaller, generally 1 × 103~3 × 103t / heap, 10000 t / heap is less, and there is a big gap in technology. In 1988, Shuangwang gold mine in Tai County, Shaanxi province put into operation, and achieved gratifying results (ore grade 1.5g/t)

the introction and digestion of foreign advanced technology and equipment (such as high-efficiency thickener in the United States, double screw stirring leaching tank, Mars pump in Japan, belt filter, etc.) has further improved the equipment level and technical level of China's gold proction, and promoted the development of China's gold proction equipment in the direction of high efficiency, energy saving, large-scale and automation. In recent years, new progress has been made in the research of new technologies such as thiourea extraction, thiosulfate extraction, preoxidation bacterial leaching, pressure catalytic leaching and resin adsorption. In 1979, Changchun Gold Research Institute carried out thiourea extraction

3. A lot of people are still alive with fun step. There are still people playing in the fun bar. The GEC environmental protection currency is still rising as a benchmark. I think many small organizations and many public security official account are all water army statements. They are not credible. br />
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as shown in the picture above, some people even blame Xiaobian for revealing secrets. In 17, GEC only paid 7 cents a piece. And now there are thousands. Unfortunately, in the 17 years, I haven't written the official account, so I didn't delay the gamblers' financial resources. At that time, you can make money by buying bitcoin, buying a house, and buying a lot of blue chip stocks, such as Maotai. Even now, there are many investment channels, so why play a fraud

there are so many articles revealing that GEC environmental protection currency is a fraud on the Internet. Many people watch GEC currency rising. Some people regret playing it, and some new people rush into it. It's obviously a Ponzi scheme. Why can't it fail after three years? Not only can it fail, but also can it appreciate

a city goes to the countryside, promotes secretly, and the fresh blood is increasing<

take a look first, pyramid selling "GEC environmental protection coin" focuses on rural areas in Henan Province

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in less than three years, GEC has developed members in Yunnan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, advocating that "GEC price will surpass bitcoin". GEC, which is in internal trading, has also been regulated from US $0.01 to US $200 in three years. Now, the project has begun to attract members in some rural areas of Henan Province&# 8203;<

the three-year secret promotion now appears in Henan
at present, judging from the number of registered users officially announced by GEC of 2 million, its scale has surpassed the previous capital market plustoken which swept the world and then collapsed. As early as June 2019, the world environmental protection foundation, the initiator of GEC, was identified as an illegal social organization by Zhejiang Provincial Department of civil affairs< br />
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the world environmental entrepreneurship foundation is listed as an illegal organization

in fact, since 2017, mainstream media have been exposing the deceptive nature of the project, but the promotion track of the project has graally shifted from Yunnan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang to inland areas in three years.
there are many readers in the city, who know much about it, but it is not easy to cheat, Now this kind of MLM fund is permeating every small city, town and country crazily
after brainwashing, the members of the second ring coin protection group become mad demons, pull up prices and throw money to buy coins:

▋ one of the crazy members: selling blood to buy coins

in the circle of GEC coins, there is a story of "heroine" selling blood to buy coins< br />
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if you are really a heroine...

▋ one of the crazy members: divorce your wife in order to buy money

some people divorce their wife directly because their wife opposes GEC:

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▋ crazy members: selling factories to buy money

some people have stopped doing business and sold factories to buy money. By the way, they continue to advertise for GEC in their circle of friends:

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do you think they are crazy

their relatives and friends feel the same way:

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there are also those who have been cut off from the mother daughter relationship by the mother engaged in GEC:

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some people's relatives said that "even if a capital crime is committed, it should be done":

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someone's relative has sold a house for this:

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the three project parties reced their expenditures, and various strict rules were issued:

GEC environmental protection coin has the most stringent Title Regulation in history:

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if you don't log in for 30 days, you will be blocked...

once you are blocked, all the assets inside will be frozen and can't be taken out

does it sound unheard of and unreasonable

some people said with a smile that you spent dozens of yuan to buy bitcoin for N years and then found yourself a multimillionaire. And if you spend tens of millions to buy GEC environmental protection coin, 30 days without online, it will be cleared! Ha ha ha ha. How real< Four, players are very humble and can only ask for unsealing:

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all kinds of methods limit users to sell money, and the project side operates the price to attract new people< br />​ The above points are the reason why the environmental protection coin can live for three years. The most terrible thing is that they actually go deep into the seven or eight tier small cities, deep into the countryside, deceive the elderly, sell houses, take out coffin books, and even students' tuition fees! How heartless

if you can be down-to-earth, you will think about it. Where does the money come from when there are so many people making money in the environmental protection coin? What services does eco coin provide? If you don't have a complete business activity, you can invest money. That's gambling

if one day the Huanhe coin collapses, these crazy people will become poor people, and this is the hatefulness of these poor people< br />​

4. Chan Da
TV series & lt; My head, my regiment & gt; Location:
Chan Da is in Yunnan, on the border with Myanmar, at Jiangju village, Qushi Township, Tengchong County, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province. It takes 2 hours to drive from Tengchong, and it takes 4 hours to go back and forth every day. It basically belongs to watching the moon go on the road and counting the stars back. At that time, it was a dirt road. I heard that now the road is open! I still like Jiangzuo, who doesn't have access to cars. It's because of its closeness that this small ancient city was built. Wooden house, stone pavement

this place is a fictional place name of the author. The author studied it in Jiangju village, Qushi Township, Tengchong County, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province< The ancient name of Heshun is yangwenhuang. Because there is a small river around the village, it is renamed "Heshun", which means "Shi He Min Shun". It is refined into Heshun Township, with a population of more than 6000. The houses in the whole town are built from east to west and around the mountain, graally rising, stretching for two or three kilometers. Ancient temples, ancestral halls and ancient buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties are scattered around this small dam. Li Genyuan, the Prime Minister of the Republic of China, wrote a poem praising Heshun: "it is better than little Suzhou and Hangzhou"<
sunken River
Longtan
Shuangshan
thousand handed Guanyin ancient trees group Heshun library
Yunnan Myanmar Anti Japanese War Museum
Wenchang palace in Heshun
Yuanlong Pavilion aisqi former residence
wanlouzi folk residence Museum
Zhongtian Temple
Kuige centenary square
shuanghongqiao
laundry booth
large platform
Liu ancestral temple Tengyue Shenma Art Museum Heshun Shenmei exhibition
Heshun Library:
the predecessor of Heshun library was "Xianxin society" organized by Cun Fuqing, a member of Heshun League in the late Qing Dynasty, and "book reading newspaper office" established in 1924. After donating books by overseas Chinese and villagers, it was expanded into a library in 1928 and completed in 1938. So far, there are more than 70000 volumes of books, and more than 10000 volumes of ancient and rare books, with inscriptions by Hu Shi, Xiong Qinglai, Liao Cheng, Li Shizeng and many other cultural masters. It has the reputation of "being the first in the field of rural culture in China"<
ancient trees of thousand handed Guanyin:
the natural ecology of Heshun ancient town is superior. There are nearly 100 ancient and famous trees over 100 years old in the town. In addition to two Taiwania trees in Kuige, the ancient trees of thousand handed Guanyin in Zhangjiapo of Heshun are also quite unique. The ancient trees are composed of seven hundred year old camphor trees. Five of them are arranged in a straight line. From a close-up view, they are like green canopy and giant umbrella. From a long-distance view, they are like thousands of arms spreading around, and they are like the legendary thousand handed Avalokitesvara
two ancient camphors stand on both sides, just like the Manjusri and Puxian disciples of Guanyin Bodhisattva. From the west to the East, the five ancient trees are listed separately, facing the Kuixing Pavilion in the distance, so it is also known as "wuzidengke". It reposes the ancient people's pursuit of fame and official career. Under the ancient trees, an ancient volcanic stone post road, which has experienced hundreds of years of vicissitudes, winds West and connects with the Jiebao bridge in front of the village. Generation after generation of Heshun people first went to the ancient trees of Qianshou Guanyin to pray for fortune, and then from this ancient post road, with the dream of one day returning home from the Jiebao bridge at the entrance of the village, they began to "go to the foreign side"< Ai Siqi (1910-1966), formerly known as Li Shengxuan, is a famous philosopher in modern China. His two works, popular philosophy and philosophy and life, which were written in his youth, have led countless young people on the revolutionary road“ "Aisiqi Memorial Hall" has a series of buildings in the same column, decorated with western style balcony. The environment is quiet and elegant, and the architectural style of Chinese and western houses is unique
location area of Heshun County: the total area is 2251 square kilometers. Located in Shanxi Province 11th, Jinzhong Area first< Population Nationality: the total population is 140000 (2003)
post code: the county people's government is located in Chengguan town. Post code: 032700. Administrative code: 140723. Area code: 0354. Pinyin: Heshun Xian
Heshun County governs five towns and five townships: Yixing Town, Liyang Town, Songyan Town, Qingcheng Town, HENGLING Town, feedma Town, Pingsong Town, niuchuan Town, Mafang town and Yangguang town<
geographical location
Heshun county is located in the eastern border of Shanxi Province, in the middle section of Taihang Mountain, adjacent to Xingtai City in Hebei Province in the East, Yushe County and Yuci city in the west, Zuoquan County in the South and Xiyang County and Shouyang County in the North. Now it has jurisdiction over 5 towns and 10 townships, and the county government is located in Chengguan town
landform
the county is high and steep, with mountains and hills in the majority. Only along the Qingzhang River, there are small flat rivers, generally above 1300 meters above sea level. The mountains in the East and West are densely forested, with Pinus tabulaeformis, cypress, birch and poplar. Main peaks: yangqushan and wusnao in the East; There are Renren mountain and Beiwan mountain in the west, with an altitude of more than 1800 meters, among which Yangqu mountain is the highest, with an altitude of 2058 meters. The main passes are songziling pass in the north, huangyuling pass in the East and Maling pass in the northeast. All of them are located in dangerous situations, and they are the main points of communication with the outside world. The main rivers in the territory are Qingzhang River, lienhe River, Songxi River and xiqingzhang river
climate
the county has a temperate continental climate. It is dry and windy in spring, warm and rainy in summer, cool and rainy in autumn, long and cold in winter. The annual average temperature is 6.3 ℃, and the annual precipitation is 593mm. The frost period is from mid September to mid May of the next year, and the frost free period is 124 days
instry and mineral resources
there are more than ten kinds of mineral resources in the territory, such as coal, iron, aluminum and copper, among which the reserves of coal are the most, about 3.5 billion tons, followed by iron, about 3 billion tons
the main instries are coal, coking, ironmaking, machinery, building materials, chemical instry, printing, ceramics, etc
agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry
the county has 278000 mu of arable land, mainly for millet, corn, potatoes, naked oats, wheat and beans. The forest area is 1 million mu, including 665000 mu of Pinus tabulaeformis and more than 300000 mu of shrubbery. Animal husbandry mainly includes cattle, sheep, mules, horses and donkeys
specialty
the big naked oats are mainly proced in the county. The naked oats have unique characteristics, high medical and health care value, can treat anemia and hair loss, delay human aging, maintain vigorous physiological function. The proct won the gold medal of the second China Agricultural Expo
Heshun county is located in the east of Shanxi Province, the top of Taihang, with the geographic coordinates of 1130 E; 05`~1130 ; 56 ', 37o n; 03`~37O ; The total area is 2250 square kilometers, accounting for 13.5% of the total area of the region, ranking first in Jinzhong, with 250000 mu of arable land. Now it has jurisdiction over 5 towns, 10 townships and 330 administrative villages, with a total population of 140000, including 118000 agricultural population. Yuci Xingtai highway runs from east to west, Pingding Licheng highway and Yangquan Shexian railway run from north to south< There are 29 kinds of underground mineral deposits, such as coal, iron, aluminum, refractory clay, copper, phosphorus, crystal, diabase and dolomite. It is one of the key coal procing counties in China. It has great advantages in reserves, coal types and media. In addition to coal, other mineral deposits are about 2-3 billion tons, and the reserves of emery are about 20 million tons
the county economy presents a framework structure with agriculture as the basis, coal instry as the leading, and the tertiary instry as the auxiliary. In agricultural proction, corn, millet, yam, naked oats and buckwheat were mainly planted; In terms of instrial proction, it has initially formed an instrial proction pattern with coal, chemical instry, building materials and metallurgy as the main instries, supplemented by machinery, printing, processing, transportation and food instries. There are county owned factories, coking plants, agricultural machinery plants and mining machinery plants in the county. The main instrial procts are coal, urea, magnesium oxide, calcium carbide, ferrosilicon, cement, etc
the main crops are corn, millet, yam, soybean, naked oats, buckwheat, etc. In 1986, a series of new dry farming techniques, mainly plastic film mulching, were popularized in an all-round way, thus a new way to revitalize agriculture in Alpine mountainous areas was found, which was known as a "white revolution" in the history of agricultural development. With the continuous improvement of agricultural proction conditions, the history of low and unstable grain proction in Heshun has ended, the agricultural structure has become more and more reasonable, and the proportion of cash crops has increased The early market yam belt dominated by Tuling, the high-quality yam area in the west of Hengling and the regional commodity proction base dominated by suburban fine vegetables are taking shape, and the construction of ecological agriculture has achieved remarkable results
relying on abundant mineral resources, the company has made great strides in large-scale development and has initially formed an instrial proction pattern with four pillar instries of coal, chemical instry, metallurgy and building materials as the main body and machinery, printing, processing, repair, food and other instries as the auxiliary. By the end of 1994, there were 40 county owned instrial and transportation enterprises and 42 Township owned instries. The main procts are carbon amine, urea, calcium carbide, cement, magnesium oxide, coke, wall and floor tiles, etc. Among them, many kinds of procts, such as carbon amine, sunshine vinegar, etc., are the best, while nine kinds of procts, such as pig iron, bow waist drill, mosaic, coke, etc., are the best. Cement factory, Jiantao factory and other enterprises are large-scale, advanced technology, excellent procts, many aspects in the province, North China and even the country are in a leading position. The total instrial output value of the county accounts for 75% of the total instrial and agricultural output value of the county. Since 1992, a number of key instrial projects, such as cement, urea, silicon steel, magnesium, gas, wall and floor tiles, have been successively constructed with an investment of more than 200 million yuan, bringing the instrial proction of the whole county into a new period of development
Heshun is located at the junction of Shanxi and Hebei, with highways and railways running from east to west, north to south, leading to all directions, so the business conditions are very convenient. At present, with the county as the center, there are eight major companies, including department stores, tobacco and alcohol, transportation and electricity, oil, food and catering services, and two systems of Commerce and supply and marketing. In recent years, the frontier trade market, animal husbandry trade market, grain and oil market, cloth market, vegetable market and other markets have developed vigorously, and new business buildings have sprung up. The total purchase value of foreign trade in the whole year was 10 million yuan, and the main export commodities were walnut, peach kernel, wool, bow waist drill, beef cattle, Huanggu, etc
Heshun is located in the east of Shanxi Province, the top of Taihang. It is adjacent to Xingtai in the East, Taiyuan in the west, Taijiu Expressway in the north and Shangdang basin in the south. The county is 75 kilometers long from east to west and 35 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 2250 square kilometers and 250000 mu of arable land. Now it has jurisdiction over 5 towns, 10 townships and 330 administrative villages, with a total population of 137000. Heshun has a long history, people are honest and popular, and is a beautiful and rich land
mineral resources are extremely rich. There are 29 kinds of underground mineral resources, such as coal, iron, aluminum, refractory clay, copper, phosphorus, sulfur, crystal, pyroxene, dolomite and garnet. Among them, the coal resource is the most, known as the "coal town", which is one of the key coal procing counties in China. It has great advantages in reserves, coal types and coal quality. First, it has abundant reserves and large area. The coal area is 1852 square kilometers, accounting for 82% of the total area of the county; The total geological reserves are 15.6 billion tons, and the recoverable amount under the existing technical conditions is 3.4 billion tons. Secondly, the coal type is complete and the coal quality is good. There are 12 layers of coal storage, including No.1-5, no.8-9 and no.11-13. The types of coal include bituminous coal, anthracite, lean coal, lean coal, coking coal, etc., with an average calorific value of about 8000 calories
pastoral resources are unique. Heshun has a vast grassland and abundant water and grass. It has unique conditions for the development of animal husbandry

5. Tiktok, personal profile, this lotus link. It's connected to you through the blockchain.

6. 1
Shenhua Group Co., Ltd.
Beijing
coal, electric power, shipping, railway, coal chemical instry
36781691
2
Shanxi Coking Coal Group Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
coal, coking, trade, building materials, electric power
23608769
3
Jizhong Energy Group Co., Ltd.
Hebei
coal, pharmaceutical, aviation Machinery manufacturing, logistics
22990319
4
Shandong Energy Group Co., Ltd.
Shandong
coal, logistics, chemical instry, machinery manufacturing, medical devices
22972301
5
Jinneng Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
coal, logistics
22801762
6
Henan Energy Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
Henan
coal, chemical instry, metallurgy Machinery manufacturing, logistics
21987835
7
Datong Coal Mining Group Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
coal, electric power, coal chemical instry, metallurgy, machinery manufacturing
19928050
8
Shanxi Lu'an Mining (Group) Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
coal, chemical instry, electric power
19879, 287
9
Shanxi Jincheng Anthracite Mining Group Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
coal, chemical instry, coalbed methane, machinery manufacturing, electric power
19259494
10
Yangquan Coal Instry (Group) Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
coal, coal chemical instry, aluminum instry, electric power, construction real estate, machinery manufacturing
19179, 052
11
Kailuan (Group) Co., Ltd.
Hebei
logistics, coal, coking, building materials, construction
19098788
12
Shaanxi coal chemical instry group Co., Ltd.
Shaanxi
investment in coal, coal chemical instry, iron and steel, electric power, railway
15077, 824
13
China Pingmei Shenma energy and Chemical Instry Group Co., Ltd.
Henan
coal, coke, nylon 66 salt, nylon 67 chip, resin
14008232
14
Shanxi coal import and Export Group Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
coal, high speed rail wheelset manufacturing, real estate, chemical instry
12726, 860
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China Coal Energy Group Co., Ltd.
Beijing
coal, logistics, coal machinery manufacturing, coal chemical instry, electric power
10747952
16
Yankuang Group Co., Ltd.
Shandong
coal, coal chemical instry, aluminum ingot, machinery manufacturing, electric power
10133163
17
Huainan Mining (Group) Co., Ltd.
Anhui
coal Electric power, real estate, finance, logistics
7125232
18
Huaibei Mining (Group) Co., Ltd.
Anhui
coal, coal chemical instry, construction and installation, electric power, logistics
6009133
19
Heilongjiang Longmei mining Holding Group Co., Ltd.
Heilongjiang
coal, coke, medical, engineering labor, electric power
3868, 351
20
Anhui Wanbei Coal Power Group Co., Ltd.
Anhui
coal, chemical instry, logistics, building materials
3816730
21
Inner Mongolia Yitai Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, railway, real estate, medicine, coal chemical instry
3646355
22
China Coal Science and Instry Group Co., Ltd.
Beijing
coal machinery and equipment manufacturing Scientific research and design, engineering contracting, energy conservation and environmental protection and new energy
3605496
23
Chongqing Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd.
Chongqing
coal, gas, electricity, construction, material trade
3449034
24
Shanxi Guoxin Energy Development Group Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
gas pipeline network construction, coal transportation and marketing, comprehensive development and utilization of resources Trade
3155430
25
Zhejiang zheneng Fuxing Fuel Co., Ltd.
Zhejiang
coal transportation, coal sales, coal monitoring, coal storage
3054263
26
Zhengzhou coal instry (Group) Co., Ltd.
Henan
coal, logistics, railway freight, power generation and power transmission and transformation
2951, 517
27
Xuzhou Mining Group Co., Ltd.
Jiangsu
coal, electric power, coal chemical instry, mining engineering, equipment manufacturing
2765206
28
Henan Shenhuo Group Co., Ltd.
Henan
aluminum ingot, coal, electric power, alumina, aluminum strip
2730872
29
Guizhou Panjiang investment holding (Group) Co., Ltd.
Guizhou
coal Electric power, cement, coke, coalbed methane
2716209
30
Jiangxi Coal Group Company
Jiangxi
coal, logistics, glass
2649384
31
Yunnan Coal Chemical Instry Group Co., Ltd
Yunnan
coal, coking, chemical raw materials, aluminum ingot, chemical fertilizer
2532, 935
32
Beijing Jingmei Group Co., Ltd.
Beijing
coal, urban services, real estate, coal electricity, machinery manufacturing
2447694
33
Fujian Energy Group Co., Ltd.
Fujian
power and heating, coal, building materials, trade logistics
243000
34
Huadian Coal Group Co., Ltd.
Beijing
coal Power, cargo handling
2194900
35
Inner Mongolia Yidong Resources Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, calcium carbide, coke powder, methanol, power
2019417
36
SDIC Coal Co., Ltd.
Beijing
coal, power, cement
1889535
37
China Qinghua Energy Group Co., Ltd.
Beijing
coal Coal coking, coal to natural gas, metal mining, metallurgy
1838209
38
China General Administration of coal geology
Beijing
exploration and mining right operation, engineering construction, equipment manufacturing, service instry
1820665
39
Fuxin Mining (Group) Co., Ltd
Liaoning
coal, electric power, construction, machinery manufacturing
1800, 586
40
Liaoning Tiefa Energy Co., Ltd.
Liaoning
coal, construction, real estate development
1694435
41
Shenyang Coal Instry (Group) Co., Ltd.
Liaoning
coal, commerce, electric power
1584882
42
China Coal Mine Construction Group Co., Ltd.
Anhui
mine construction, road and bridge, municipal engineering Railway tunnel
1458280
43
Ordos Wulan Coal (Group) Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, coal chemical instry, emulsion explosive, coal machinery manufacturing, catering and accommodation
1238648
44
Inner Mongolia Mengtai Coal Power Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia, 131
45
Inner Mongolia Huineng Coal Power Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, road and Bridge charges, electric power, water, housing rental
1143652
46
Sichuan Coal Instry Group Co., Ltd.
Sichuan
coal, electric power, chemical instry, machinery manufacturing, construction
1096, 101
47
Inner Mongolia Tehong Coal Power Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, power generation, heating, light guide plate proction
1023531
48
Huaneng Hulunbeier Energy Development Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
power, coal, heat
955878
49
Inner Mongolia Manshi Investment Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, real estate Commerce and tourism
952731
50
Shandong Taifeng Mining Group Co., Ltd.
Shandong
steel, chemical, coal, electrical materials, plastic pipes
938328
51
Yunnan Dongyuan Coal Group Co., Ltd.
Yunnan
coal, electrolytic aluminum, material purchase and sale, engineering construction
903, 108
52
Hunan Coal Instry Group Co., Ltd.
Hunan
coal, coal machinery manufacturing, coal coking, smelting, electric power
866192
53
Shaanxi Yulin Energy Group Co., Ltd.
Shaanxi
coal, electric power, heating, service instry
852050
54
Guizhou shuikuang Holding Group Co., Ltd.
Guizhou
coal, logistics Coal chemical instry, construction and installation, mechanical manufacturing and repair
850449
55
Inner Mongolia Taixi Coal Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, coke, ferroalloy, activated carbon, building materials
850193
56
Fushun Mining Group Co., Ltd.
Liaoning
coal, shale oil, machining procts, pyrotechnics procts, construction
826, 795
57
Shanxi Lanhua Coal Instry Group Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
coal and chemical fertilizer
826121
58
Jilin coal instry group Co., Ltd.
Jilin
coal, machinery manufacturing, building materials, engineering labor, breeding instry
824434
59
Zhengzhou Coal Mining Machinery Group Co., Ltd.
Henan
comprehensive mining equipment
805, 531
60
Binxian Coal Co., Ltd.
Shaanxi
coal, electric power, coal chemical instry, building materials, real estate, logistics
798044
61
Inner Mongolia Pingzhuang Coal Instry (Group) Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, chemical instry, biopharmaceutical, machinery manufacturing
776, 301
62
Huating Coal Group Co., Ltd.
Gansu
coal, transportation, coal chemical instry
757370
63
Guangxi jinwuyue Energy Group Co., Ltd.
Guangxi
coal, logistics
680888
64
Inner Mongolia Boyuan Holding Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
soda ash, methanol, coal, real estate
665, 844
65
Inner Mongolia Huolinhe open pit coal instry Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, geological exploration, mining equipment maintenance, electric power
622101
66
Inner Mongolia Simon Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, general aviation, real estate, agriculture
620204
67
Jining Energy Development Group Co., Ltd.
Shandong
coal Electric power, salt chemical instry, machinery manufacturing, steel
612925
68
Inner Mongolia Desheng Instrial Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, coal coking
589058
69
Jingyuan Coal Group Co., Ltd.
Gansu
coal, construction, machinery manufacturing, real estate, electric power, thermal power
554, 576
70
Taiyuan Heavy Machinery Group Coal Machinery Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
mining equipment, metal rolling equipment, liquid lubrication equipment
545822
71
Guanghui Energy Co., Ltd.
Xinjiang
coal chemical instry, coal, oil, natural gas
480528
72
Shendong Tianlong Group Co., Ltd.
Inner Mongolia
coal, coal mechanism repair Construction and installation, coal proction professional services
471688
73
Hebei Cixian Liuhe Instry Co., Ltd.
Hebei
raw coal, clean coal, coking, power generation and supply, coal mechanism repair
327084
74
Sany Heavy International Holding Co., Ltd.
Liaoning
tunneling equipment, fully mechanized mining complete sets of equipment, mining transport vehicles
322, 546
75
Yaojie Coal Power Group Co., Ltd.
Gansu
coal, electric power, smelting machine repair and processing, construction and installation
320062
76
Shandong Yulong Mining Group Co., Ltd.
Shandong
coal, electric power, metallurgy, machine repair and processing, construction and installation
308, 514
77
Guangxi Hexin clean coal processing Co., Ltd.
Guangxi
coal transportation and marketing
283770
78
poly Energy Holding Co., Ltd.
Beijing
coal, copper zinc metal, coal transportation and marketing
262494
79
Shanxi Qinxin Energy Group Co., Ltd.
Shanxi
China

7. The processing method of tin ore is determined by its own characteristics. As mentioned above, most of the tin concentrates proced in the world are proced in cassiterite deposits, and the density of cassiterite is higher than that of associated minerals. Therefore, the traditional
beneficiation process of tin ores is gravity and gravity beneficiation. However, with the passage of time, the cassiterite particle size in the selected ore becomes smaller and smaller, resulting in cassiterite flotation process and selective flocculation process. In addition, there are many kinds of
iron oxide minerals in Tin Minerals, such as magnetite, hematite and limonite, which can not be well separated from cassiterite by flotation and gravity separation. Therefore, in recent years, magnetic separation has appeared in the tin ore dressing process. The main purpose of this magnetic separation operation is to separate tin from iron, which is different from the dry magnetic separation process for separating tungsten from tin. In a word, the processing method of tin ore has broken through the traditional single gravity separation process and entered a new period of combined use of several processing methods. However, gravity dressing is still the main method of tin ore dressing< The processing of raw ore can be divided into the following contents: ore washing, desliming, crushing, screening, proportioning, slurry mixing, heavy medium pre concentration, etc. For different concentrators, there are either all kinds of contents or only a few of them. The key points are as follows:

desliming operation is the key operation in gravity separation process, which directly affects the separation index. In China's existing concentrators, more than 80% of the raw ore is tin placer. For example, yunxisha tin ore contains 40-60 $% - 10
micron fine slime, which is an interference factor for any mineral processing method. In fact, desliming operation can be divided into two stages, one is the dissociation and dispersion of slime, the other is the separation of slime and sand. These two stages can be
carried out separately or synchronously. The main purpose of desliming is to dissociate and disperse the fine mud mixed with and attached to the coarse particles and the mud mass formed in the fine mud. At present, the desliming equipment used in China includes water gun and various ore washing machines. The dispersed slime can be removed directly by 125 mm (or 75 mm) hydrocyclone after screening (first desliming and then classification); More often, the overflow is first classified by a large diameter hydrocyclone (250 mm or
500 mm), and then deslimed by the small diameter hydrocyclone. In foreign countries, the diameter of desliming cyclone is as small as 50 mm, even 25 mm< In recent years, heavy medium preconcentration has been applied in domestic and foreign tin concentrators. Dachang in Guangxi and Gejiu in Yunnan adopted this process. Important tin concentrators in Australia, Bolivia and the United Kingdom are also using it. In China,
dense medium hydrocyclone is widely used. The d.w.p separator is developed abroad, and its effect is very good. The economic benefit of heavy medium preconcentration mainly depends on the waste removal rate. Generally speaking, if the waste removal rate is less than 20-25%, it has no economic value

in addition, cone concentrators are sometimes used as pre separation equipment< Ore dressing

2. Ore dressing of tin ore generally adopts multi-stage grinding and multi-stage dressing process, because cassiterite is brittle and easier to be over crushed than other associated minerals. The general number of segments is two to four

from the process point of view, if it is necessary to remove sulfide, there is a problem of desulfurization first or later, one-time desulfurization or multiple desulfurization, which should be determined according to the nature of the ore. In the tin separation system itself, according to the experience of our country, a secondary concentrate is proced between the shaker concentrate and the middlings, and it is treated in a centralized way, which is called "secondary concentrate centralized re washing". In addition to some monomeric cassiterite, most of the secondary concentrate is iron tin complex with coarse particle size. This part of the material is separated from the main flow by the re washing process, grinding and separation separately. As a result, the high iron content material can not be mixed into the general middlings, which will affect the separation of middlings. On the other hand, the separation efficiency of the secondary concentrate can be improved

the main equipments for ore dressing are jigs and shakers, and some use various types of chutes

another major problem of ore dressing system is how to rece the over crushing of cassiterite. The key to solve the problem is to try to make the cassiterite which has become a monomer no longer re grinding. At present, multi-stage grinding, multi-stage separation and fine screen as the closed-circuit equipment of grinding are all feasible schemes

narrow grade separation is also a successful experience of tin beneficiation in China

3. Slime treatment

China has accumulated rich experience in slime treatment, which has international advanced level

the slime treatment process is divided into two parts: slime pretreatment and slime separation

the pretreatment part of slime includes concentration and concentration of slime, so as to ensure the quantity balance and quality stability (particle size, concentration, etc.) of ore feeding into the slime separation system< Since the mid-1960s, the tin ore slime treatment process composed of a series of slime separation equipment developed by China has attracted the attention of the international mineral processing instry. The core part of this process is centrifuge belt chute grooved slime shaker, and the final concentrate is obtained from the shaker. In addition, according to recent progress, the possibility of using only two centrifuges to get lean middlings or even rich middlings is becoming a reality

the tin ore slime treatment process with Chinese characteristics has been in a more perfect stage after 20 years of changes. At the same time, foreign slime treatment equipment and processes are constantly emerging, such as the application of small diameter hydrocyclone,
Bartley & mozley turnover bed and cross flow belt, cassiterite flotation process and so on. China is also graally introcing and digesting these new equipment and new processes, so that the slime treatment process is improving< Cassiterite flotation technology appeared 60 years ago. The first cassiterite flotation workshop (50t / D) established in Germany with oleic acid as collector was put into operation in 1938. It has been 50 years since then. However, the cassiterite flotation
process has not been widely used in proction so far. The number of cassiterite flotation workshops that have been put into operation is very small. The reasons are as follows: firstly, the cost of reagents is too high; secondly, the toxic effect of reagents on the environment can not be ignored. However, as far as the mineral processing technology itself is concerned, cassiterite flotation technology has made progress, especially in the aspect of new flotation agents, which has opened up a broader field, especially the emergence of arsenate and phosphonate cassiterite flotation agents (typical examples are toluidic acid and styrene
phosphonic acid), which has significantly improved the flotation efficiency. In China, cassiterite flotation workshops have been established in Yunnan and Guangxi successively. In 1975, Guangxi Changpo concentrator built a cassiterite flotation plant with a capacity of 100 tons / day, using mixed
toluidine arsonic acid as collector, the grade of feed tin is 0.6%, the grade of concentrate tin is 25%, and the tin recovery is 65%

although there are some problems in the practice of cassiterite flotation, with the development of technology and economy, it will be used more widely as one of the methods of tin ore beneficiation< In the early 1970s, the wet high intensity magnetic separator made great progress in iron ore beneficiation, and was soon introced into the tin beneficiation process, and showed more and more important role in tin beneficiation

in tin beneficiation process, it can be generally used in three parts:

(1) magnetic separation of raw ore

after raw ore is prepared, it is treated by magnetic separation before entering the separation operation. In a sense, this can also be called magnetic grading (as opposed to grading by particle size). The non-magnetic part and the magnetic part are respectively fed into the main process of gravity separation. Among them, the non-magnetic part is relatively easy to process, which can obtain higher recovery and concentrate grade, while the magnetic part is more difficult to separate, which can not demand high-quality procts, but proce more middlings or even poor middlings
the same is true for other parts< (2) magnetic separation of secondary concentrate

as mentioned above, the secondary concentrate contains more iron minerals, which is a good part of magnetic separation

(3) concentrate magnetic separation

setting magnetic separation in the above two parts requires the separation of cassiterite and iron ore as much as possible. However, this is in contradiction with the purpose of recing the over crushing of cassiterite. After iron minerals enter the concentrate as a combination, they can be ground more fully, and there is less concern about over crushing cassiterite. Therefore, in practice, this scheme is accepted by more people.

8. The processing method of tin ore is determined by its own characteristics. As mentioned above, the vast majority of tin concentrates proced in the world are proced in cassiterite deposits, and the density of cassiterite is higher than that of associated minerals. Therefore, the traditional beneficiation process of tin ores is gravity and gravity beneficiation. However, with the passage of time, the cassiterite particle size in the selected ore becomes smaller and smaller, resulting in cassiterite flotation process and selective flocculation process. In addition, there are many kinds of iron oxide minerals in Tin Minerals, such as magnetite, hematite and limonite, which can not be well separated from cassiterite by flotation and gravity separation. This kind of magnetic separation is mainly for the separation of tin and iron, which is different from the dry magnetic separation process for the separation of tungsten and tin. In a word, the processing method of tin ore has broken through the traditional single gravity separation process and entered a new era of combined use of several processing methods. However, gravity dressing is still the main method of tin ore dressing< The processing technology of tin ore in China is in the forefront of the world, and its characteristics are described as follows:
1: raw ore treatment
the raw ore treatment of tin concentrator can be roughly divided into the following contents: ore washing, desliming, crushing, screening, proportioning, slurry blending, heavy medium preconcentration, etc. For different concentrators, there are either all kinds of contents or only a few of them. The key points are as follows:
desliming operation is the key operation in gravity separation process, which directly affects the separation index. In China's existing concentrators, more than 80% of the raw ore is tin placer. For example, there are 40 ~ 60% - 10 micro meter fine slime in yunxisha tin ore, which is an interference factor for any mineral processing method. In fact, desliming operation can be divided into two stages, one is the dissociation and dispersion of slime, the other is the separation of slime and sand. These two stages can be carried out separately or synchronously. The main purpose of desliming is to dissociate and disperse the fine mud mixed with and attached to the coarse particles and the mud mass formed in the fine mud. At present, the desliming equipment used in China includes water gun, various ore washing machines, etc. The dispersed slime can be removed directly by 125 mm (or 75 mm) hydrocyclone after screening (first desliming and then classification); More often, the overflow is first classified by a large diameter cyclone (250 mm or 500 mm), and then deslimed by the small diameter cyclone (first classified and then deslimed). In foreign countries, the diameter of desliming cyclone is as small as 50 mm, even 25 mm< In recent years, heavy medium preconcentration has been applied in domestic and foreign tin concentrators. Dachang in Guangxi and Gejiu in Yunnan adopted this process. Important tin concentrators in Australia, Bolivia and the United Kingdom are also using it. Dense medium cyclone is widely used in China. The d.w.p separator is developed abroad, and its effect is very good. The economic benefit of heavy medium preconcentration mainly depends on the waste removal rate. Generally speaking, if the waste removal rate is less than 20 ~ 25%, it has no economic value< In addition, cone concentrators are sometimes used as preconcentration equipment
2: ore dressing
the ore dressing of tin ore generally adopts multi-stage grinding and multi-stage dressing process, because cassiterite is brittle and easier to be over crushed than other associated minerals. The general number of segments is two to four
from the process point of view, if it is necessary to remove sulfide, there is a problem of desulfurization first or later, one-time desulfurization or multiple desulfurization, which should be determined according to the nature of the ore. In the tin separation system itself, according to the experience of our country, a secondary concentrate is proced between the shaker concentrate and the middlings, and it is treated in a centralized way, which is called "secondary concentrate centralized re washing". In addition to part of cassiterite, most of the secondary concentrate is iron tin complex with coarse grain size. This part of the material is separated from the main flow by the re washing process, grinding and separation separately. As a result, the high iron content materials can not be mixed into the general middlings, which will affect the separation of middlings. On the other hand, the separation efficiency of the secondary concentrate can be improved
the main equipments for ore dressing are jigs and shakers, and some use various types of chutes
another major problem of ore dressing system is how to rece the over crushing of cassiterite. The key to solve the problem is to try to make the cassiterite which has become a monomer no longer re grinding. At present, multi-stage grinding, multi-stage separation and fine screen as the closed-circuit equipment of grinding are all feasible schemes< It is also a successful experience of tin beneficiation in China
3: slime treatment
China has accumulated rich experience in slime treatment, with international advanced level
the slime treatment process is divided into two parts: slime pretreatment and slime separation
the pretreatment part of slime includes concentration (regrouping) and concentration of slime, so as to ensure the quantity balance and quality stability (particle size, concentration, etc.) of ore feeding into the slime separation system
since the mid-1960s, the tin slime treatment process, which is composed of a series of slime separation equipment developed by China, has attracted the attention of the international mineral processing instry. The core part of this technological process is centrifuge belt chute grooved slime shaker, and the final concentrate is obtained from the shaker. In addition, according to recent progress, the possibility of using only two centrifuges to get lean middlings or even rich middlings is becoming a reality
the tin ore slime treatment process with Chinese characteristics has been in a more perfect stage after 20 years of changes. At the same time, foreign slime treatment equipment and processes are constantly emerging, such as the application of small diameter hydrocyclone, Bartley mozley turning bed and cross flow belt, cassiterite flotation process and so on. China is also graally introcing and digesting these new equipment and new processes, so that the slime treatment process is improving
4: cassiterite flotation
cassiterite flotation technology appeared 60 years ago. The first cassiterite flotation workshop (50t / D) established in Germany with oleic acid as collector was put into operation in 1938. It has been 50 years since then. However, the cassiterite flotation process has not been widely used in proction. The number of cassiterite flotation workshops that have been put into operation is very small. The reasons are as follows: firstly, the cost of reagents is too high; secondly, the toxic effect of reagents on the environment can not be ignored. However, as far as the mineral processing technology is concerned, cassiterite flotation process has made progress, especially in the new flotation agent, which has opened up a broader field, especially the emergence of arsenate and phosphonic acid cassiterite flotation agents (typical examples are toluenesulfonic acid and styrene phosphonic acid), which has significantly improved the flotation efficiency. Cassiterite flotation plants have been established in Yunnan and Guangxi in China. In 1975, a 100 t / D cassiterite flotation plant was built in Changpo concentrator, Guangxi. Mixed toluidine arsonic acid was used as collector. The feed grade of tin was 0.6%, the concentrate grade of tin was 25%, and the recovery rate of tin was 65%
although there are some problems in the practice of cassiterite flotation, with the development of technology and economy, it will be used more widely as one of the methods of tin ore beneficiation
5: magnetic separation
in the early 1970s, the wet high intensity magnetic separator made great progress in iron ore dressing, and was soon introced into the tin dressing process, and more and more showed its important role in tin dressing
in tin beneficiation process, it can be generally used in three parts:
(1) magnetic separation of raw ore
after preparation, the raw ore is treated by magnetic separation before entering the separation operation. In a sense, this can also be called magnetic grading (as opposed to grading by particle size). The non-magnetic part and the magnetic part respectively enter into the main stream of gravity separation. Among them, the non-magnetic part is relatively easy to process, which can obtain higher recovery and concentrate grade, while the magnetic part is more difficult to separate, which can not demand high-quality procts, but proce more middlings or even poor middlings. The same is true for other parts
(2) magnetic separation of secondary concentrate
as mentioned above, the secondary concentrate contains more iron minerals, which is a good part of magnetic separation
(3) concentrate magnetic separation
setting magnetic separation in the above two parts requires the separation of cassiterite and iron ore as much as possible. However, this is in contradiction with the purpose of recing the over crushing of cassiterite. After iron minerals enter the concentrate as a combination, they can be ground more fully, and there is less concern about over crushing cassiterite. Therefore, in practice, this scheme is accepted by more people.

9.

It can be divided into pyrometallurgy, wet extraction or electrochemical deposition

Pyrometallurgy is also called dry metallurgy, which heats the ore and necessary additives together in the furnace to high temperature, melts them into liquid and generates the required chemical reaction, so as to separate the crude metal, and then refine the crude metal

Hydrometallurgy is a process in which acid, alkali and salt aqueous solutions are used to extract the required metal components from the ore by chemical methods, and then the metal is prepared by water solution electrolysis and other methods

3. Chemical reaction

a metallurgical process in which metals in raw materials are extracted and separated by means of a certain solvent and chemical reaction (including oxidation, rection, neutralization, hydrolysis and complexation)

< H2 > extended data

when the ore contains natural gold, the gold will be stored in the rock in the state of granular or micro particles, and usually appear simultaneously with quartz or sulfide veins such as pyrite. The above situation is called lode deposit or lode gold

natural gold also appears in the form of leaves, grains or large gold nuggets, which are eroded out of rocks and finally form the gravel of alluvial deposits, which is called placer or alluvial gold

the surface of alluvial gold deposit must contain more gold than that of vein deposit, because the adjacent minerals of gold in rock are oxidized, and then flow into rivers and streams after weathering and cleaning, where they are collected and combined by water to form gold nuggets

Gold sometimes appears in the form of compounds with other elements, especially tellurium

examples are calaverite, sylvanite, nagyagite, petzite and krennerite. Gold also rarely appears in amalgam with mercury. In addition, it also appears in seawater at a low concentration

10. Balzac, a French writer, compares time to capital

Goethe, a German poet, regards time as his own property< Mr. Lu Xun has a deeper understanding of time. He said: & quot; Time is life. Wasting other people's time for no reason is tantamount to murder& quot;

after middle age, Faraday, in order to save time, devoted his whole body and mind to scientific creation, strictly controlled himself, refused to participate in all activities unrelated to science, and even resigned as the president of the Royal College<

Madame Curie never put chairs in the reception room in order not to delay the visitors' visit< When 76 year old Einstein fell ill, an old friend asked him what he wanted. He said, I just hope there are still a few hours left for me to sort out some manuscripts

the following is relatively long and has a large number of words:
Lu Xun's story of cherishing time

an important secret of Lu Xun's success is to cherish time. Lu Xun was 12 years old when he was studying in a private school in Shaoxing City. His father was seriously ill and his two younger brothers were young. Lu Xun not only often went to pawnshops and drugstores, but also helped his mother with housework; In order not to affect his studies, he must make a precise schele
since then, Lu Xun has been squeezing time almost every day. He said: "time, like the water in the sponge, as long as you squeeze, there will always be." Lu Xun had a wide range of interests in reading and writing. He also had a deep interest in folk art, especially legend and painting; It is because of his wide range of learning, so time for him, it is very important. He was sick all his life, and his working conditions and living environment were not good, but he would not give up until late at night every day
in Lu Xun's eyes, time is like life“ Americans say time is money. But I think: time is life. If you waste other people's time for no reason, it is tantamount to murder for money. " Therefore, Lu Xun hated those people who were "running around all day, sitting around and gossiping". When he was busy with his work, if someone came to chat or chat with him, even if he was a very good friend, he would not hesitate to say to others, "Oh, you're here again, there's nothing else to do?"<

Juying studies

Che Yin was born in the Jin Dynasty. He was originally a son of a rich family, but later his family became poor and destitute. However, he can constantly improve himself in adversity
Che Yin was very sensible and hardworking when he was young. Because he had to help his family ring the day, he wanted to use the long night to read more books and enrich himself; However, his family is poor and he has no spare money to buy oil and light up. What can he do to break through the restrictions of objective conditions? At first, he had to recite books at night, until one summer night, he saw a few fireflies flying, little fireflies flashing in the dark. So he came up with a good way: he caught many fireflies and put them in a small bag sewn with white summer cloth. Because the white summer cloth is very thin and can show the light of fireflies, he hung up the bag and turned it into a "lamp"
Che Yin studied hard and finally became a famous scholar. Later, he became a popular official; At that time, if Che Yin didn't show up for any assembly or celebration, everyone would feel disappointed<

the story of Edison cherishing his time

Edison only went to primary school for three months in his life. His knowledge came from his mother's teaching and self-study. His success should be attributed to his mother's understanding and patient teaching since childhood, which made Edison, who was originally regarded as an incompetent child, become a world-famous "king of invention" when he grew up
Edison was curious about many things since he was a child, and he liked to experiment with them himself until he understood the truth. When he grew up, he devoted himself to research and invention according to his own interests. He set up a laboratory in New Jersey and invented more than 2000 kinds of things in his life, such as electric lamp, telegraph, phonograph, video camera, magnetic separator, crusher and so on. Edison's strong research spirit made him make great contribution to the improvement of human life style
"waste, the biggest waste is to waste time." Edison often said to his assistant“ Life is too short. Think more and do more with less time. "
one day, Edison was working in the laboratory. He handed his assistant an empty glass bulb without a light port and said, "you measure the capacity of the bulb." He bowed his head to work again. After a long time, he asked, "what's the capacity?" He didn't hear the answer. He turned his head and saw his assistant measuring the perimeter and inclination of the bulb with a tape measure. He took the measured number and put it on the table to calculate. He said, "time, time, how do you spend so much time?" Edison came over, picked up the empty light bulb, filled it with water, handed it to his assistant, and said, "pour the water in the measuring glass, and tell me its capacity right away." The assistant read out the number immediately. Edison said, "what an easy way to measure. It's accurate and time-saving. How can you not think of it? Is it not a waste of time? " The assistant blushed
Edison murmured: "life is too short, too short. Save time and do more things!"