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2. "CEC" means:
1
2. Consumer electronics control
3. Cation exchange capacity
4. Co coordinating European Council
China Electronics Corporation is committed to building a national team of network security and information instry, with network security as its core business and core competence. Its main business covers network security, new display, integrated circuits, high-tech electronics, information services and other national strategic, basic and leading fields of electronic information instry
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business field of China Electronics Information Instry Group Corporation:
1. Network security field
CEC is a leading independent controllable software and hardware proct and information security service provider in China, with controllable software instry chain from operating system, middleware, database, security proct to application system, Form an information security service system from security consulting, system integration, security operation and maintenance life cycle
2. New display field
CEC is the world's leading manufacturer and supplier of comprehensive R & D of LCD procts, with LCD manufacturing service ranking first in the world, and LCD TV manufacturing ranking first in the world
3. Integrated circuit field
CEC is a leading supplier of integrated circuit R & D, design and manufacturing solutions in China, and an enterprise with integrated circuit instry chain covering design, manufacturing, packaging, testing, EDA tools and process R & D
In the field of information service, CEC is the first-class provider of electronic information procts and services in China, the builder and operator of high-tech and innovative instrial park, the builder of overseas electronic information engineering and service, and the financial innovation platform of electronic information instry
3. "Cooperative combat system" (CEC) is a combat command and control communication system developed by the U.S. Navy on the basis of the original C3I system to enhance the combat capability of air defense at sea. The system uses computer, communication and network technology to connect the target detection system, command and control system, weapon system and shipborne early warning aircraft on each ship in the aircraft carrier battle group into a network, so as to realize the sharing of combat information and unified coordination of combat action. Every ship can grasp the battlefield situation and target trend in time. For the incoming air target, the warship in the best position can launch weapons to intercept, so as to greatly improve the air defense ability of the whole aircraft carrier formation 1 The origin of CEC system in modern naval warfare, the air defense system of aircraft carrier battle group is facing great challenges. First of all, the air strikes suffered by the fleet are not only the bombs and torpedoes dropped by aircraft, but also the various missiles and precision guided ammunition launched by the enemy in the air, water and land. The air defense system needs to respond quickly in the complex combat situation; Secondly, the influence of natural environment, such as hurricane and electromagnetic storm, reces the effective operational radius and capability of air defense system; Thirdly, in the joint operations with the allies, the vast and complex battlefield environment makes it more difficult to identify the enemy and friend targets. The reconnaissance capability of each ship in the aircraft carrier battle group has the limitation of region, scope, means and precision. The intelligence obtained by independent reconnaissance can not meet the operational requirements in complex environment. If we can build an information network that includes all the warships in the battlefield, integrate the reconnaissance information they get, form the battlefield situation information with higher accuracy, wider range and consistent overall situation, and share it with the whole fleet, we can replace the traditional, independent mode of sea air defense operation, and realize the real sense of cooperative operation. CEC system is a combat command communication system built to serve this goal 2 CEC system function this system can be used not only to assist tactical decision-making, but also to automatically use hard kill or soft kill methods to deal with enemy attack weapons, so that the whole aircraft carrier battle group can be highly coordinated operations, so that the integration of various air defense facilities to a higher level. Specifically, the function of CEC system includes three aspects: 1. Compound tracking and recognition. The detection data of shipborne radars in the aircraft carrier battle group are filtered, weighted and concentrated. After comprehensive processing, the track of the threat target is obtained, and each ship can track and identify the target accordingly. If a shipborne radar fails to update the target data in a period of time, the radar data of other ships can be used to update the target track. 2. Capture tips. When the target track has been formed in the CEC system, if the radar of a certain ship fails to obtain the track, the CEC system can automatically start the acquisition prompt function, so that the radar can quickly capture the target, thus greatly increasing the acquisition distance. 3. Cooperative operations. Each ship in the battle group can share the target information obtained by other ships with a very short delay, launch and guide missiles to attack the target, and cooperate to resist the threat targets. The target to be attacked can be the target not captured by the ship's radar, that is, the so-called "over the horizon attack" can be carried out 3 CEC system is essentially a network constructed by computer and communication technology, which organically connects the target detection system, command and control system, weapon system and early warning aircraft of each ship in the aircraft carrier battle group, and allows each ship to share all the data obtained by various detectors with a very short delay, So that the whole battle group can operate in a highly coordinated manner. The core equipment of the system is cooperative combat processor (CEP) and data distribution system (DDS). CEP is used to process the data provided by the main ship of the system and each ship in the network. It is usually connected with the processor of the weapon subsystem, so as to carry out cooperative operations timely and accurately. CEP has enough capacity and
computing power, and interfaces suitable for all combat systems in battle group. At present, it is composed of 30 Motorola 68040 processors, each of which performs at least one processing sub function. DDS adopts phased array communication antenna and high-power TWT transmitter, which can reliably and nearly real-time exchange and distribute group data. Its transmission capacity is several orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional tactical data link 4 In the 1970s, the laboratory of Applied Physics of Johns Hopkins University first proposed the idea of CEC system; In 1987, CEC system was developed; In 1995, it passed a landmark test, connecting the "Eisenhower" nuclear powered aircraft carrier equipped with CEC system, two "Aegis" cruisers, one amphibious attack ship and P-3 reconnaissance aircraft as a whole, and concting a series of tests on various system functions, including the generation of target integrated track, identification of target friend or foe, the identification of target information and the identification of target information The application of remote data in local fire control system, target information acquisition in strong electronic interference environment, and near real-time data communication, etc. Accordingly, the U.S. Congress and the Department of defense decided to accelerate the research and development of CEC system and extend its application to the army and air force; In 1996, the system had the initial combat capability; In 1997, the system was formally installed; Since 1998, the system has entered the stage of small batch proction, and first equipped the deployed aircraft carrier battle group. In the "midway 10" exercise held in October 2000, CEC system once again successfully realized the cooperative operation among ships, aircraft and shore based systems. It is estimated that the CEC system will be equipped on the main naval vessels and E-2C and e-3b early warning aircraft within 10 years from 1999 5 The development trend of CEC system the US Navy is committed to the miniaturization of CEC system, and the main technical way is to develop common equipment components (CES). Including: using monolithic microwave integrated circuit technology to manufacture phased array communication antenna with good performance, light weight, low cost and low power consumption; The ASIC technology is used to rece the number of circuit plug-ins in the system, so as to rece the volume and weight of the system and improve the reliability; The new generation of microprocessor technology is adopted to improve the processing capacity of the system. At the same time, CEC system technology will be extended to various command systems (such as E-2C early warning aircraft and lpdl7 amphibious ship) to enhance the cooperative combat capability. The United States military services are concting joint research to introce CEC system into Patriot missile system, military air defense missile system, E-3 early warning aircraft, theater high altitude area defense / ground-based radar system, etc., so as to form a real "seamless" theater air defense and anti missile system.
4. Procts of China Electronics Information Instry Group Co., Ltd
5. China Electronic Information Instry Group Corporation (CEC) is an important state-owned backbone enterprise managed by the central government. It is mainly engaged in the R & D, design, proction, application, supporting, sales promotion and technical services of information technology and procts such as integrated circuits, computer hardware and software and system integration, communication network procts and digital home appliances. Among them, the proction scale, technical level and design and development ability of integrated circuit, computer software and hardware, communication engineering and mobile phone all occupy the leading position in China<
CECT is composed of China Electronics Information Instry Group Corporation, Tianjin TEDA Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Sangda Electronics Corporation, Wuhan Zhongyuan Electronics Group Co., Ltd China computer software and Technology Services Corporation and China Huada integrated circuit design center jointly launched a group of high-tech enterprises, with a total registered capital of 300 million yuan. In 2002, Qiaoxing acquired 65% of the shares of CECT and established a new CECT in February 2003 (Qiaoxing Mobile Communication Co., Ltd. holds 65% of the shares, CEC holds 25% of the shares and Tianjin TEDA shares Co., Ltd. holds 10%).
6. CEC, consumer electronics control. Through this channel, the interaction and control between devices on HDMI CEC Network can be controlled. The function of CEC is that users can use a remote control to control multiple intelligent devices supporting CEC, so they do not need to use multiple remote controls to control devices, such as TV, set-top box procts and video player
through HDMI CEC function, the following functions can be realized:
1. Remote control: through the TV remote control, the external HDMI CEC equipment can be simply controlled, such as up, down, left, right, confirm, return and volume adjustment of digital power amplifier
2. Standby control: when the TV is turned off by remote control, the TV will control the external HDMI CEC device to enter the standby mode, which saves complicated operation
3. TV automatic power on: when the external HDMI CEC device is turned on, the TV will automatically power on after receiving the command from the device, so as to avoid the action of turning on the TV
4. One button play: when the TV is turned on, when the external HDMI CEC device (such as DVD) is turned on or started, the TV automatically switches to the corresponding HDMI channel of the device, which saves the operation of switching the TV signal source
Arc function: Audio return function, which connects the TV arc port with the digital power amplifier supporting arc through HDMI cable, and the TV transmits the digital audio signal to the power amplifier through HDMI cable, eliminating the coaxial or SPDIF data cable between the TV and the digital power amplifier In April 2002, Hitachi, Panasonic, Philips, silicon image, Sony, Thomson and Toshiba jointly set up HDMI high-definition multimedia interface organization and began to develop a new digital video / audio interface technology in line with the standard of high-definition era
in December 2002, HDMI Organization officially released HDMI version 1.0 standard, marking the formal entry of HDMI technology into the historical stage. HDMI can not only meet the resolution of 1080p, but also support DVD audio and other digital audio formats, support eight channel 96KHz or stereo 192Khz digital audio transmission, and can transmit uncompressed audio and video signals. HDMI can be used in set-top box, DVD player, personal computer, TV amusement device, integrated amplifier, digital audio and TV. HDMI can transmit audio and video signals at the same time
7. CEC (cation exchange capacity) refers to the cation exchange capacity of soil, that is, the total amount of various cations adsorbed by soil colloids. The value is expressed by the amount of various cations in each kilogram of soil, i.e. mol / kg
CEC basically represents the amount of soil nutrients that may be maintained, that is, the level of soil fertility. The cation exchange capacity can be used as an index to evaluate soil fertility. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is the main source of soil buffering capacity, which is an important basis for soil improvement and rational fertilization
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significance of determination of cation exchange capacity: soil is an important place for the migration and transformation of pollutants in the environment, and soil colloid has adsorption e to its huge specific surface area and band point
The adsorption and ion exchange properties of
soil make it the main attribution of heavy metal pollutants. Soil cation exchange performance is of great significance for the study of environmental behavior of pollutants. It can regulate the concentration of soil solution, ensure the diversity of soil solution components, thus ensuring the "physiological balance" of soil solution, and keep nutrients from being leached by rain
8. CEC, consumer electronics control. Through this channel, the interaction and control between devices on HDMI CEC Network can be controlled. The function of CEC is that users can use a remote control to control multiple intelligent devices supporting CEC, so they do not need to use multiple remote controls to control devices, such as TV, set-top box procts and video player
through HDMI CEC function, the following functions can be realized:
1. Remote control: through the TV remote control, the external HDMI CEC equipment can be simply controlled, such as up, down, left, right, confirm, return and volume adjustment of digital power amplifier
2. Standby control: when the TV is turned off by remote control, the TV will control the external HDMI CEC device to enter the standby mode, which saves complex operation
3. Automatic TV on: when the external HDMI CEC device is turned on, the TV will automatically turn on after receiving the device's command, which saves the action of turning on the TV
4. One click Play: when the TV is turned on, when the external HDMI CEC device (such as DVD) is turned on or started, the TV automatically switches to the corresponding HDMI channel of the device, which saves the operation of switching the TV signal source
5. Arc function: Audio return function, which connects the TV arc port with the digital power amplifier supporting arc through HDMI cable, and the TV transmits the digital audio signal to the power amplifier through HDMI cable, eliminating the coaxial or SPDIF data cable between TV and digital power amplifier< In April 2002, Hitachi, Panasonic, Philips, silicon image, Sony, Thomson and Toshiba jointly set up HDMI high-definition multimedia interface organization, and began to develop a new digital video / audio interface technology in line with the standard of high-definition era< In December 2002, HDMI officially released the HDMI version 1.0 standard, marking the formal entry of HDMI technology into the historical stage. HDMI can not only meet the resolution of 1080p, but also support DVD audio and other digital audio formats, support eight channel 96KHz or stereo 192Khz digital audio transmission, and can transmit uncompressed audio and video signals. HDMI can be used in set-top box, DVD player, personal computer, TV amusement device, integrated amplifier, digital audio and TV. HDMI can transmit audio and video signals at the same time.
9. CEC is the California Energy Commission of the United States; s) Its responsibility is to make the energy market develop in the direction of healthy competition. The California appliance efficiency regulation, which has been implemented by the organization since 1976, is the only mandatory energy-saving regulation in the United States that can affect non-governmental consumption behavior and plays an important role in recing energy consumption
the regulations set minimum energy efficiency standards for 21 categories of electrical procts, which are updated regularly to review and incorporate new energy efficiency technologies and methods. The latest version is the "2007 electrical energy efficiency regulation" (cec-400-2007-016-rev1) implemented on December 29, 2007
according to the regulation, electrical procts must be tested by a qualified laboratory according to the corresponding American standards before they can be sold in California, USA. Shenzhen electronic proct quality inspection center (MORLAB) has obtained the certificate issued by California Energy Commission on June 30, 2007, and has officially become a testing institution recognized by CEC.
10. The cation exchange capacity of montmorillonite (MMT) is the maximum exchange capacity between internal cations and external cations when pH = 7. Usually in the range of 60-120mmol / 100g
