Puzzle of mining gems
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a community center with various plans is suitable for everyone's activities
a community center with the kinds of programs that fit everyone.
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when he talked with the residents in the community center, he talked about two concepts< As he talked to the residents in that community center, he talked about two concepts.
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Rabbi Joey Levitt, executive manager of a Jewish community center in Manhattan, said: "I think it's a national trend< br />“I think that this is a trend all over the country,” said Rabbi Joy Levitt, executive director of the Jewish Community Center in Manhattan.
1、 The necessity of transformation and upgrading of private enterprises
< UL > (1) changes in domestic and international environment force private enterprises to accelerate transformation and upgrading
since the international financial crisis in September 2008, China's private enterprises are facing a more severe business environment. The financial crisis has brought about great changes in the world economic structure. The global economy has entered a stage of medium and low growth, international trade protectionism barriers are deepening, and the pressure of RMB appreciation is increasing, which directly affects China's foreign trade. The pressure of the international market objectively requires private enterprises to accelerate the pace of transformation and upgrading. From the perspective of domestic environment, on the one hand, China is in the third stage of consumption structure upgrading, and the transformation from survival consumption to development consumption and enjoyment consumption will create a wide range of service demand for private enterprises; On the other hand, Chinese enterprises have entered the era of high cost. Financial difficulties, rising proction costs, inflation and other factors further increase the pressure on private enterprises. The development environment of some cyclical instries has changed. For example, since 2009, the hot real estate instry has shown signs of graally becoming cold. Developers should timely transform to other instries to find new business opportunities, or adopt the strategy of one instry oriented and diversified operation to avoid the passivity caused by the decline of the real estate instry
(2) China is in a critical period of economic transformation. International experience shows that, after the per capita GDP of western developed countries exceeds 3000 US dollars, the development mode begins to shift from relying on factors and resource consumption to relying on science and technology and management; After the per capita GDP of Asian countries reached US $5000, they also began to accelerate economic transformation and upgrading. China's per capita GDP exceeded US $4000 in 2010 and US $5000 in 2011. In the future, China will be in the period of transition from per capita GDP to US $10000. It is an important period to comprehensively improve the level of instrialization, informatization, urbanization, marketization and internationalization, which provides great opportunities for the development of private enterprises“ The Twelfth Five Year Plan period is a crucial period to accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development. We should adhere to the strategic adjustment of economic structure as the main direction to accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development“ During the 12th Five Year Plan period, actively implementing transformation and upgrading has become an inevitable choice for China's private enterprises to comply with the trend of economic development, seize the opportunities and meet the challenges For a long time, most of the private enterprises are labor-intensive enterprises, most of the instries they are engaged in are traditional instries, and most of the enterprise management is family management, mainly relying on low wage cost, low environmental cost, low resource cost competition and indivial decentralized competition, Basically in the low-end position of instrial chain division, the lack of core technology and independent brand seriously restricts the transformation of economy from extensive to intensive, and also restricts the sustainable development and growth of private economy and the improvement of efficiency. At present, some private enterprises are faced with severe survival dilemma, which is manifested as "dilemma", that is, financing difficulty and profit difficulty. The external cause of the dilemma is "two high", that is, high cost and high taxes. The internal cause is "two low", that is, low proct added value and low technology content. Therefore, transformation and upgrading to enhance the technology content and proct added value is the inevitable choice for private enterprises to achieve sustainable development (4) only transformation and upgrading can relieve the pressure of high cost.
from the perspective of cost structure, the cost increase caused by rising raw material prices, increasing pressure on energy conservation and emission rection, market-oriented reform of energy prices and interest rates, rising wage costs and improving social security level has become a major trend of development, The era of obtaining low-cost resources and cheap labor at the expense of the environment and the welfare of workers no longer exists. Only by upgrading to the high end of the instrial value chain can private enterprises digest the pressure of rising operating costs
The main problem of some private enterprises with serious development difficulties is the lack of adaptability and competitiveness. The backward instrial form of these enterprises can not adapt to the requirements of fierce market competition, and even endanger the survival of enterprises. Without transformation, they may be eliminated by the market. Therefore, the transformation of some traditional private enterprises is forced by survival. Only by speeding up the transformation and upgrading and enhancing the core competitiveness, can private enterprises really get rid of difficulties and have the ability of sustainable development Second, the main path of transformation and upgrading of private enterprises is to follow the two paths of instrial upgrading, namely, inter instry transformation and upgrading and intra instry transformation and upgrading. Inter instry transformation and upgrading is the transformation from the primary instry to the secondary and tertiary instry, from the labor-intensive instry to the capital and technology intensive instry, from the primary procts to the intermediate procts and final procts. The transformation and upgrading within an instry means that the degree of processing and reprocessing within an instry graally deepens, and the realization of high processing degree and technology intensification is the vertical and deepening development of the instry itself. There are also two routes for its upgrading: one is to follow the route of process (process) upgrading, proct upgrading, function upgrading and value chain upgrading; One is from OEM (OEM) - ODM (independent design and proction) - OBM (independent brand proction) According to the practice of the transformation and upgrading of Chinese enterprises, the transformation and upgrading of private enterprises has shown a variety of characteristics, including transformation, transition, innovation, integration (mergers and acquisitions) and other ways, which can be summarized as follows:(1) transformation can be divided into transformation and transition the main contents of changing profession are as follows: the main business remains unchanged and enters into a new instry; The main business turns to a new one, but the original one remains; Quit the original instry and enter the new instry completely; Extending to upstream instry or downstream instry in the instry; From manufacturing instry to service instry, etc; The main contents of the transition are enterprise type transformation, business model transformation, entering the new market, management transformation, entrepreneur's own transformation and so on
(2) from the perspective of global value chain theory, enterprise instrial upgrading generally includes process upgrading, proct upgrading, function upgrading, chain upgrading and oem-odm-obm upgrading. The upgrading of process is the transformation of process and the introction of new technology; Proct upgrading is from low-end procts to high-end procts; Function upgrading refers to that enterprises focus on manufacturing from the beginning, extend from the front to the back, engage in R & D and design in the front and marketing brand in the back; Chain upgrading means that enterprises break through the original value chain and move to a new value chain As far as the current situation of private enterprises is concerned, it is mainly from the following aspects to carry out transformation and upgrading: < UL >one is to size up the situation and take the road of instrial innovation transformation and upgrading
the second is to establish a modern enterprise system and take the road of joint-stock system transformation and upgrading for enterprises that still focus on family management mode, it is necessary to break the limitations of family management mode, take the capital as the link, absorb and centralize the scattered social capital, form large-scale joint-stock enterprises or enterprise groups with the nature of leading instry, and concentrate their efforts to deal with the severe challenges of fierce market competition and rising cost of proction factors. To establish and improve the modern enterprise system, it is necessary to speed up the reform of the joint-stock system, so that the enterprise shareholders become the main body of investment and income
the third is to enhance the endogenous value of private enterprises and take the road of scientific management transformation and upgrading the transformation from extensive management to refined management is an inevitable choice for the transformation and upgrading of private enterprises, which mainly includes: 1; 2. From family management to expert team management, we should establish a team of entrepreneurs with modern scientific knowledge, business philosophy and the courage to explore and innovate; 3. Improve the corporate governance structure and strengthen the construction of internal management system focusing on quality, brand, safety, finance and marketing
The fourth is to enhance the core competitiveness of private enterprises and take the road of transformation and upgrading of scientific and technological innovation for private enterprises, the key to strong competitiveness is independent technological innovation. Therefore, qualified enterprises should set up science and technology innovation fund in their financial budget; Enterprises should introce suitable technological innovation talents, introce new technologies at any cost, and independently develop new technologies, new processes, new materials and new procts. At the same time, private enterprises should establish brand awareness, strengthen brand building, concentrate their efforts, do a good job in the main business, create brand and maintain brand advantage forever. Enterprises should also actively create conditions to use the science and technology innovation investment and various funds set up by the government, graally establish an efficient and collaborative independent innovation system with private enterprises as the main body and the combination of instry, University and research, develop private science and technology enterprises and R & D institutions, and improve the independent innovation ability of private enterprisesfifthly, establish strategic cooperative relationship with state-owned enterprises and take the road of transformation and upgrading of cooperative alliance from the actual situation, the main problems are as follows: 1. State owned enterprises should strictly self-discipline, speed up the system transformation, constantly rece the level of monopoly, allow all kinds of private capital to enter all fields permitted by the national instrial policy, and implement access to the private economy; Private enterprises are allowed to participate in the property right reorganization, and some state-owned enterprises can be transformed into private enterprises through mergers and acquisitions and leasing; Encourage state-owned enterprises and private enterprises to establish mixed ownership enterprises. The government should encourage the merger and reorganization of private enterprises, participate in the reorganization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises, and realize the diversification of property rights and business modes; 2. Large state-owned enterprises should extend the instrial chain to small and medium-sized private enterprises, strengthen cooperation in the utilization of resources and energy, and establish a circular economy in water, electricity, gas and heat; 3. The state-owned and private enterprises should work together to adjust the structure, build "low-carbon economy" or "carbon free economy" and contribute to the construction of "green economy"; 4. In the future development, we should establish strategic alliance relations, including the alliance of property right transaction, technology application, talent sharing, market competition, etc; 5. In the future, the planning and design of new large state-owned enterprises should include the extension of instrial chain to local private enterprises, and strive to design and put into operation at the same time. 6. We should conscientiously implement the property law and other laws and regulations, resolutely curb the "state advancing and people retreating" behaviors such as encroaching on the assets of private enterprises and turning private enterprises into state-owned enterprises free of charge, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of private enterprises. In addition, we should encourage private enterprises, large, medium, small and micro enterprises, and private enterprises and multinational enterprises to adopt a variety of joint ventures and cooperation to open up international development space, so that private enterprises can win international competitive advantages and expand development in multi-level, multi-channel and multi-mode international investment cooperation
In view of the difficulties and challenges existing in the optimization and upgrading of traditional manufacturing instry, in order to better promote its transformation and upgrading, the following suggestions are proposed:
< H2 > first, increase R & D investmenton the one hand, we need to increase the total amount of R & D investment from the overall level of the country, and increase the R & D investment in basic research and generic technology. On the other hand, we should provide support for enterprises to increase R & D investment through diversified ways, and encourage enterprises to improve their innovation ability. For example, we should give tax incentives to enterprises' R & D investment, introce venture capital funds, and effectively transform social funds into enterprises' R & D investment through the reform of gem and the improvement of science and technology innovation board
Secondly, to stimulate the innovation vitality of talentstalent is the key to the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing instry. The optimization and upgrading of traditional instries need not only scientific research talents, but also highly skilled talents (mainly including skilled workers who have obtained the professional qualifications of senior technicians, technicians and senior technicians). In terms of the guarantee of scientific research talents, we should establish a flexible management mechanism of scientific research talents, improve the efficiency of talent allocation, innovate the incentive and incentive mechanism of talents, and stimulate the creativity of scientific research talents through project subsidies, platform subsidies, Talent Awards and other ways. In addition, for the traditional manufacturing instry, we should pay more attention to the cultivation of high skilled talents. In view of the current situation of the shortage of high skilled talents, especially young high skilled talents, we should focus on improving the training, use, evaluation, incentive and security measures of skilled workers, promote the reform of technical colleges and universities, and increase financial support for technical colleges and universities. Through tax subsidies, special subsidies and other ways to encourage enterprises to actively cultivate high skilled talents, strengthen vocational ecation, and cultivate more enterprise oriented skilled talents. Further deepen the cooperation between schools and enterprises, and form a benign interaction mechanism for skilled personnel training between vocational and technical schools and enterprises
Finally, the government should continuously improve the proct standard system to promote the high-quality development of manufacturing instry- Liang Yongmei, Institute of instrial economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
in view of the current widespread "labor shortage" and "electricity shortage", Huang Mengfu pointed out: this fully shows that under the new situation of structural rection of labor supply increment and increasing pressure on energy resources and environment, low resource cost, low labor cost, low labor cost and low energy consumption are the main reasons The "three low" era of low environmental cost has come to an end, and China has reached a new stage in which we must accelerate the transformation of development mode and adjust economic structure< At the same time, Huang Mengfu believes that the main body of the transformation of the mode of economic development is enterprises in the final analysis, especially the small and medium-sized enterprises, which account for more than 99% of the total number of enterprises in China. If they can not achieve scientific development, transformation and upgrading on the whole, the transformation of the mode of economic development of the whole country will not be successful
the vast majority of small and medium-sized enterprises are non-public enterprises, which are the main targets of the Federation of instry and commerce. If the Federation of instry and commerce wants to really be a good "assistant" of the government, it must pay more attention to small and medium-sized enterprises, have a forward-looking awareness and strategic vision, face the grassroots, shift its focus downward, comply with the changes of international and domestic economic situation, and serve and promote the scientific development of small and medium-sized enterprises< However, a positive change is emerging. The central government has paid close attention to the development of SMEs, and a series of supporting measures have been implemented. In such a context, serving and promoting the scientific development of small and medium-sized enterprises has undoubtedly become the focus of the Federation of instry and commerce< At present, there is a sense of crisis in small and medium-sized enterprises, especially in small and micro enterprises. It is this sense of crisis that makes the Federation of instry and commerce more urgent to serve and promote the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises
in response to the above problems, Huang Mengfu proposed in his speech that all levels of Federation of instry and commerce should adhere to the spirit of reform and innovation, face the grassroots and shift the focus downward, and strive to achieve actual results in serving and promoting the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises<
serving and promoting the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises need reform and innovation
Huang Mengfu proposed that the first thing is to innovate working methods. At present, we should seize the favorable opportunity for the central government to pay close attention to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, strengthen communication and coordination with relevant government departments and financial institutions, and actively make suggestions and suggestions on the outstanding difficulties and problems existing in small and medium-sized enterprises; Make full use of the commitments made by various departments of the State Council at the National Conference on strengthening and improving the work of the Federation of instry and commerce, and promote the introction and implementation of relevant policies. Further in-depth investigation and research, refine and expand the research results of small and medium-sized enterprises, provide decision-making reference and policy basis for government departments to support the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises, and promote the continuous improvement of the development environment of small and medium-sized enterprises. All localities should establish a number of theoretical and practical research bases with small and medium-sized enterprises as carriers, explore common features, and provide guidance and help for serving and promoting the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises. To further explore the mechanism and ways of enterprise party organizations to play a role in serving and promoting the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises,
the second is to build a service platform. We should make full use of the platform for economic and trade cooperation and investment promotion, encourage and support more small and medium-sized enterprises to participate in instrial transfer, new technology application, energy conservation and environmental protection, advanced manufacturing and other projects, so as to open up horizons and create conditions for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. In order to solve the common needs of small and medium-sized enterprises, we should promote and cooperate with government departments to establish various social service platforms for small and medium-sized enterprises in different regions and instries. Give full play to the responsibilities of the social organization business competent units of the Federation of instry and commerce, provide guidance and help for the construction of the service platform of the instry chamber of Commerce, timely understand its operation status, find and coordinate to solve the problems, promote effective practices, and cultivate demonstration and service brands. We will promote government departments to set up small and medium-sized enterprise instrial parks and business incubators in places where small and medium-sized enterprises gather, strive for more preferential policies in the parks, and actively carry out services such as property rights trading of introced technologies, venture capital, public experimental facilities, management and talent consultation, so as to create conditions for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises
thirdly, we should strengthen the key guidance. Huang Mengfu pointed out that small and medium-sized enterprises in the traditional manufacturing instry should start with improving their technological innovation ability. While promoting government departments to implement policies on finance, taxation, financing and property rights protection related to innovation, they should guide enterprises to master core technologies, enhance their core competitiveness, and intensify the development and introction of new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials, We should establish the strategic thinking of developing enterprises through science and technology
for small and medium-sized enterprises in service instry, we should start with improving management level and innovating business model, guide them to change from extensive management to refined management, from proct competition to business model competition, continuously improve operation and management level, optimize human resource structure, and form a group of professional service providers in the fields of Internet of things, energy conservation and environmental protection services, and new energy application It is a new format of value-added services
for qualified small and medium-sized enterprises, we should start with seizing the commanding heights of economic and Technological Development and adding new competitive advantages, and guide them to speed up their entry into strategic emerging instries
at the same time, in the development of instrial clusters, we should make full use of the advantages of leading enterprises in brand, technology, information and sales channels according to the development characteristics of small and micro enterprises in different regions, and guide a large number of small and micro enterprises to accelerate the cultivation and cluster development based on the instrial chain
in terms of strengthening the typical driving role, we should widely publicize the development history, struggle deeds, business strategies and important contributions of the typical representatives of large enterprises in the new generation of information technology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy instry and other strategic emerging instries, so as to provide reference for small and medium-sized enterprises; Focus on those small and medium-sized enterprises that enhance competitiveness through technological transformation and have outstanding characteristics in mastering core technology and independent intellectual property rights, so as to help them establish confidence in transformation and upgrading and improve their initiative in transformation and upgrading< Fourthly, we should improve the quality of talents. Huang Mengfu believes that it is necessary to strengthen the training of the main investors of small and medium-sized enterprises, guide and ecate them to support the party's leadership, cultivate their sense of responsibility culture, improve their management level, and guide them to correctly handle the relationship between enterprise development and the overall economic situation, the relationship between business conditions and social employment, the relationship between enterprise interests and employees' interests, the relationship between enterprise development and employees' interests, and the relationship between enterprise development and enterprises' interests The relationship between honesty and credit and market order, the relationship between creating wealth and repaying society, through the concentric project, "Thanksgiving action", glorious cause and other activities, enhance their sense of identity and mission to the responsibility culture, and make more contributions to absorb more social employment, build harmonious labor relations, maintain market economic order, and promote common prosperity
in addition, it is necessary to give play to the exemplary role of typical figures in small and medium-sized enterprises, especially to establish advanced typical figures who drive employment by entrepreneurship and development by Party building, and to publicize them through various forms, such as setting up lecture halls, propaganda meetings, and report groups, so as to make the majority of small and medium-sized enterprises perceive, enhance confidence, and meet difficulties; Strengthen the propaganda and reporting of mainstream media and self-organized media, so that the whole society can improve the understanding of the importance of the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises to accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development
fifthly, the role of the chamber of commerce should be brought into play. Huang Mengfu pointed out that under the trend of more and more instry segmentation, we should adhere to the downward shift of the focus, speed up the establishment of instry associations that are concive to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, especially small and micro enterprises, and make them an effective carrier to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. We should encourage and guide qualified instry chambers of Commerce to establish legal entities with public service functions in small and medium-sized enterprises gathering areas, so as to provide strong support services for small and medium-sized enterprises in the instry. Explore the establishment of grassroots organizations to serve and promote the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises pilot, focusing on methods and ideas to summarize practical experience. It is necessary to give full play to the role of county-level Federation of instry and Commerce and Instry Chamber of Commerce,
focus on guiding small and medium-sized enterprises to actively participate in the construction of new socialist countryside, develop and expand county economy, promote urban and rural integration, actively develop county labor intensive instries in line with the direction of instrial development and the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, and drive more rural transferred labor employment< Sixth, we should strengthen the self construction of the Federation of instry and commerce. Huang Mengfu stressed: practice shows that there are still many gaps in our own ability and level in promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. To give full play to the role of the government assistant, the Federation of instry and commerce must take strengthening its own quality and self construction as an urgent task< At present, it is necessary to strengthen capacity-building, and strive to improve the political grasp ability, investigation and research ability, mass work ability and implementation and promotion ability of cadres of Federation of instry and commerce at all levels. We should cultivate a work style that is oriented to the grassroots, enterprises and practice in serving small and medium-sized enterprises. We should learn to be good at grasping the main contradictions and the main aspects of contradictions in guiding work. We should promote the formation of a working system with standardized proceres, scientific democracy, openness and transparency in the implementation of work. We should take serving and promoting the scientific development of small and medium-sized enterprises as an opportunity to create a strong political, democratic and democratic team A contingent of cadres with excellent work style
Huang Mengfu stressed that it is necessary to take strengthening the construction of county-level Federation of instry and commerce as an important breakthrough, focus on strengthening the construction of grass-roots organizations, firmly establish the working consciousness of grasping grass-roots units and laying the foundation, and establish a demonstration site for county-level Federation of instry and commerce to serve the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises, We should guide the local federation of instry and commerce to promote the implementation of various policies in the document Zhongfa [2010] No. 16 and serve the scientific development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
At present, e to the constraints of various domestic and foreign factors, China's private economy is suffering from the rapid deterioration of the export situation, and has entered an unprecedented bottleneck period. However, an atmosphere of comprehensive reflection on the instrial model is forming in the struggling private enterprises between life and death. Under the pressure, the pursuit of instrial upgrading and transformation has become the choice of many private entrepreneurs. At the same time, the problems exposed in the crisis and the pain of failure make more and more enterprises and entrepreneurs deeply realize the urgency and importance of strengthening enterprise management
the law of development of China's private enterprises can be described in one sentence: short life span, small growth! The main reasons are as follows:
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3. Lack of core strategy and development planning
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6; Instrial access and other aspects have been discriminated against for a long time
7. Instrial procts lack of innovation, sustainable development, high energy consumption and serious environmental pollution
8. Financing difficulties, lack of credit, ignoring cash flow
at the end of the 11th five year plan, international financial tsunami hit! The rapid decline of the economy, the market shock. Therefore, the 12th and 5th national economic transition period, China's economic macro-control is imminent! The financial crisis has spread and has not yet reached the end. The external environment of economic development has deteriorated, and the extension of the external crisis has more seriously affected China's economic development. China's private enterprises should seriously assess the changes in the external environment and timely adjust their development strategies; Coping with the crisis and harmonious development is a positive response, and transformation and upgrading is fundamental! Zeng Shuiliang, an expert on private enterprise governance in private enterprise research center of Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Tsinghua University, believes that if Chinese private enterprises want to fundamentally solve the problems of survival and development, they must solve the three basic bottlenecks restricting the survival and development of enterprises, namely, the transformation of entrepreneur quality, management and instrialization strategy
in the strategic transformation of private enterprises' instrialization, we should first establish the awareness of strategic transformation and break through the conceptual barriers: first, the current and long-term relationship; 2、 The relationship between risk and opportunity; 3、 The relationship between technological innovation and management; 4、 The relationship between internal skill and external aid; 5、 Win win and multi win relationship. Then we should grasp the core of the strategic transformation of instrialization. The core of the strategic transformation of private enterprises is as follows:
first, from "sunrise instry" to "strategic instry"
sunrise instry can be regarded as an emerging instry with strong vitality. It is an instry driven by technological breakthrough and innovation. It has broad market prospects and represents the trend of future development. Under certain conditions, it can evolve into a leading instry or even a pillar instry. But the risk still exists. If the technology cycle is predicted wrong, it will fall into the technology trap and make the investment lose all its money. Strategic instries are emerging instries that can obtain endogenous competitive advantage and have a strong driving effect on the national economy through government support. The policy support of instries has a certain forward-looking
if we say that an instry is a strategic instry, that is to say, the instry does not start from the local interests of indivials, enterprises, localities or departments, but from the overall interests of the country. It is a small number of instries (Airbus is a typical example). The survival of such enterprises is not only related to profits, but also related to the safety of the country, and related to the country's strategic action ability in world economic and political and even military affairs. Zeng Shuiliang, a private enterprise governance expert at the private enterprise research center of Tsinghua Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, believes that the state can not allow its own strategic instrial enterprises to survive and die in the global competition. The state has the responsibility to protect and support the strategic instries, and will never let them be eliminated in the international competition
Second, transform from "diversified operation" to "refocused operation"< The diversification of Chinese enterprises has its historical rationality, which inevitably means its historical limitations. The living environment of Chinese enterprises is undergoing essential changes. The whole Chinese social market economy is developing in more and more instries in an all-round way. At the same time, the rapid and in-depth integration into the international economy has brought a more direct and huge impact on Chinese enterprises. In other words, we increasingly have to accept the international rules of the game
when the market competition is relatively weak, the enterprise can achieve success with two or three percent of its strength. When the competition becomes more and more fierce, the enterprise can use all its strength to a certain extent, or it can only gain the living space. Zeng Shuiliang, an expert on private enterprise governance in the private enterprise research center of Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Tsinghua University, believes that with the increasing competition in the Chinese market, Chinese enterprises will graally improve the degree of professional management and go back to the core. In the new living environment, the only way to further grow is to retreat and become stronger first
Third, from "Leaping strategy" to "sustainable development strategy"
in line with the background of China's rapid economic growth, some enterprises have a fickle mentality in recent years, hoping to develop by leaps and bounds and build giant enterprises in the short term. However, because the management and control ability is difficult to expand, it is difficult to match, and the ability to resist risks is poor, the enterprise may decline when it meets the "wind blowing". The sustainable development of enterprises is to lay a good foundation for enterprises, pursue the organic combination of growth speed and growth quality, expand scale and increase efficiency, tangible assets and intangible assets growth
If Chinese enterprises are anxious to become the world's top 500, they might as well do it for 100 years. With the change of social environment, it is difficult for enterprises to adapt to the rapidly changing environment, and with the emergence of many enterprise failures, how to make enterprises maintain, and make enterprises still obtain good momentum of development in the future has attracted more and more attention of enterprises. The sustainable development of an enterprise means that in the process of pursuing self survival and sustainable development, an enterprise should not only consider the realization of its business objectives and improve its market position, but also maintain its continuous profit growth and ability improvement in the leading competitive field and future expansion business environment, so as to ensure its long-term prosperity. Sustainable development requires the sustainability of enterprise development, which not only requires the development of enterprises, but also requires the development of enterprises at the end of the period. Therefore, enterprises are required to have a mechanism to promote sustainable development, but the comprehensive coordination of various management elements and external environment should be considered. Only in this way can we grasp the sustainable development of enterprises as a whole
fourthly, the transformation from "low cost strategy" to "differentiation strategy"
according to the analysis of market supply and demand situation and development trend, the main factor restricting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is the high coincidence degree of commodity proction, which leads to the excessive demand of commodity market. Therefore, the differentiation strategy is the necessary and primary development strategy for small and medium-sized enterprises. When an enterprise provides its customers with a unique valuable proct rather than a low price, it distinguishes itself from its competitors. Differentiation can make enterprises get premium, even in cyclical or seasonal economic depression, there will be a large number of loyal customers. Zeng Shuiliang, an expert in private enterprise governance at the private enterprise research center of Tsinghua Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, believes that if the premium exceeds the additional cost to make the proct unique, differentiation will bring higher benefits
at present, China's economy is facing great challenges of structural adjustment and instrial upgrading. At the same time, with the transformation of the seller's market to the buyer's market, the problem of insufficient domestic demand has become a difficult problem in front of people. The structural surplus of procts: the surplus supply of low-tech and low value-added procts and the shortage of high-tech and high value-added procts coexist at the same time. In the field of some rable consumer goods, price wars come and go one after another. In order to get rid of the predicament, get out of the vicious circle of price war, and make enterprises compete at a higher level and gain competitive advantage, we must seize the opportunity to implement a new strategy - Proct Differentiation Strategy, so we should take corresponding strategies
5. Transform from "weak, small and scattered" to "strategy of improving instrial concentration"< Through mergers and acquisitions, enterprises can expand their technical strength and proction capacity, achieve low-cost expansion, and achieve economies of scale, so as to rece costs and expand brand radiation capacity. It is necessary to merge small and medium-sized enterprises that are close to each other in space, highly intensive in economic activities, similar in proction technology, or related in procts, or have the advantages of plant, equipment, land and other assets to form enterprise groups, so as to make the enterprises from small to large and from weak to strong. This will promote the division of labor and cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises, the complementary of resources and information, so that a single enterprise can save resources and obtain the advantages of economies of scale. Through joint reorganization, we should develop circular economy, continue innovation, save energy and rece consumption, and use powerful domestic enterprises to resist the penetration of foreign capital and control the domestic market and resources, so as to ensure the safety of the instry
Zeng Shuiliang, an expert on private enterprise governance in the private enterprise research center of Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Tsinghua University, believes that to improve the degree of concentration, the first is the need to realize large-scale proction, give full play to economies of scale, and rationally allocate resources; Second, it is concive to the instry to improve its independent innovation ability, develop technology and market, adapt to the requirements of globalization, improve the competitiveness of domestic and foreign markets, and constantly develop and grow; Third, improving the concentration degree is the guarantee to maintain the sustainable and healthy development of the instry, promote the transformation of the instry from large to strong, and make it a modern instry with international competitiveness. For example, the large number of cement enterprises in China is not only the cause of low concentration, but also the source of excessive competition and disordered competition< Sixth, we should transform from "uneven economic regions" to "gradient transfer strategy, that is, instrial transfer"
gradient transfer strategy is a regional unbalanced development strategy. For example, there is a regional imbalance in the development of China's textile instry, and the competitive advantage of the international textile instry is also in dynamic adjustment, which creates conditions for Zhejiang's textile instry to implement the domestic instrial transfer and "going out" strategy as a whole< Seven, from "OEM to ODM transformation, OEM to OBM transformation"
in addition to the remarkable economic model of "focusing on the outside but neglecting the inside", the enterprises that have been shuffled out of the global economic crisis have another important common point, that is, these real economies are more OEM enterprises. In the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta, the export enterprises doing OEM all rely on earning meager processing fees to make a living. This kind of OEM will be the first to be destroyed by the global economic crisis. Because such enterprises do not have their own R & D, their own brands, and their own channels, all these things are in the hands of suppliers or demanders. When the economic environment and trade environment fluctuate, they are very vulnerable. The way out lies in that the simplest OEM mode graally becomes ODM, and the enterprise has the independent design ability to reprocess, so as to improve the market competitiveness and proct added value. In addition, ODM enterprises should transform to OBM enterprises step by step