Basic technology for mining
Publish: 2021-05-01 13:37:03
1.
1. 1. The novice areas and low-level areas of all races
2, 65 tin low grade areas
65 bronze (1 copper ore + 1 tin ore = 2 bronze) smelting Bronze Ingot needs mining skills 75 silver ore coniferous forest, barren land, barren land, wetland, thorn Valley, Chiji mountain, arahi highland, twilight forest, hillside hills5. Barren land of 125 iron ore, thorn Valley, Hillsbrad hills, coniferous forest, arahi highlands and altrank mountains
6 and 155 gold deposits occur in middle and high grade areas
7. 165 ingot 1 iron ingot + 1 coal block = 1 ingot. Smelting ingot requires mining skills
8, 175 in middle and high grade areas
9. 230 Zhen silver mine Burning Plain, sintland, winter spring valley, East plague, Angolo crater, barren land
10, 230 black iron ore scorching Canyon, burning plain, black rock abyss
11. 250 silver mine Burning Plain, Isala, Angolo crater, winter spring valley, East plague land, West plague land, heliosus, curse land, and feywood forest
12, 275 fuser silver mine east plague, burning plain, West plague, hilisus, Dongquan Valley, Isala, Angolo crater< br />
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3. There are many kinds of mineral resources in Africa with large reserves. The reserves and output of diamond, gold, chromite and phosphate are among the top in the world; Gold; Chromite; Phosphate
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6.
It can be divided into two forms: surface mining, large-scale open-pit mining, quarry, ordinary open-pit mining, sand mining, cutting off mountain top mining, underground mining, shallow deposit mining, inclined shaft mining, vertical shaft mining, hard rock mining, drilling mining. Due to the discharge of acid waste water from open-pit coal mine, iron oxide deposits in the stream water
the impact of mining instry on the environment includes water and soil loss, water and soil erosion, water and soil erosion The land subsidence caused by the mine, the destruction of biodiversity and the pollution of groundwater caused by the waste water containing chemicals in the mining process
many modern countries have strict laws and regulations on environmental protection and restoration of the surface state of mining instry, which ensure that the mining area should be restored to its original state, and even require a better environment than before mining. In countries where the past mining methods are not strictly restricted, the mining instry will cause irreparable harm to the environment and affect human health
the mining instry will have a considerable impact on the surrounding environment and groundwater. Chemical substances will pollute a large area. For example, coal mines will proce about 20 kinds of toxic chemicals, which will spread through the drainage and supply channels. In countries with strict control laws, the mining instry must have hydrologists and geologists to carefully study the treatment of pollutants. Generally, five separate measures are adopted to deal with water pollution: water separation system, centralized storage of polluted wastewater, groundwater collection system, surface water discharge system and isolation system. The water containing acid pollutants should be directly discharged to the water treatment system for treatment. In the past, private or small companies could engage in mining business, but modern mining business needs a lot of capital investment, which is generally carried out by internationally famous large enterprises
7. The employment prospects of graates majoring in chemistry and chemical engineering
more than a decade ago, the chemical and chemical instry was associated with traditional factory OEM models such as chimney, black smoke, sewage, etc. with the development of science and technology, the impression of chemical and chemical instry in our mind has become a proper term for high-tech instries such as gene, nanotechnology, biotechnology, etc., which are oriented by technology and R & D, More than 1660 domestic talent websites have more than 4000 chemical instry related job vacancies on average every day. It is estimated that more than 50000 chemical instry related job opportunities will be added this year
in recent years, the National Conference on the supply and demand of chemical engineering graates in Colleges and universities has been spreading good news. The demand for chemical engineering talents in China is very strong. At the same time, chemical engineering graates can also enjoy the national policy of "networking exchange". According to the person in charge of the National Chemical Talent Exchange Center, the vast majority of chemical enterprises ranking among the world's top 500 have set up companies all over China. At the same time, the rapid rise of private chemical enterprises has greatly increased the number of chemical talents, which has objectively stimulated the demand for chemical talents. In addition, the National Chemical talents exchange and cooperation network was formally established in 2003. Chemical graates can enjoy the policy of national networking exchange, which is bound to greatly improve the employment rate of such graates
the application and development of chemical instry is very fast, which not only brings about a wave of investment in various instries in China, but also strengthens the research atmosphere of chemical instry, biochemistry and nanotechnology in Colleges and universities; In addition to the government's listing of chemical R & D in the national key scientific research plan, the research achievements of the academic community and the full investment of the instry have led to the establishment of relevant domestic chemical manufacturers and research institutions one by one. At the same time, the demand for chemical talents has also increased greatly. Even in the R & D teams of all kinds of large scientific and technological plants, chemical and chemical talents also play an important role and occupy a great weight. The chemical instry has been equated with high technology
our department of chemistry and chemical engineering cultivates applied chemical engineering talents who meet the first-line needs of proction, construction, scientific research, management and service of the chemical instry and obtain preliminary training in chemistry and chemical engineering skills, as well as compound chemical engineering talents with wide professional knowledge and wide employment range. In the University, they can master the basic principles of chemical engineering, the basic chemical knowledge, basic theory, basic skills necessary for their own major and adjacent majors, and have the general knowledge of related disciplines; Master the professional knowledge in the field of quality supervision, management and testing, and understand the frontier knowledge and development trend of instrial analysis, and have the ability of preliminary formulation, application, development research and correct evaluation of proct quality. Master the preparation process and quality control methods of various chemical procts; Have the ability to solve practical problems in general instrial proction related to the specialty; Be able to use formula optimization to carry out scientific and Technological Development and research of chemical procts, and have the ability to develop new chemical procts and technologies; Be able to master the modern detection technology of chemical procts, and have the ability of proct quality supervision in proction. After graation, students of chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department of Huanghuai university are mainly engaged in primary and secondary ecation and employment in chemical instry enterprises. The annual employment rate is always maintained at 100%, and a perfect employment base has been established. Zhumadian is famous for its top 100 enterprises in Henan, such as Tianfang pharmaceutical, Junma group, Lantian group and several key scientific research units in Wuhan. These large enterprises recruit a large number of chemical graates with strong quality and professional skills from our department every year
chemical instry is a big field, including environmental engineering, biochemical engineering, material science, pharmaceutical engineering, safety and program control, etc. After four years of study and training, the graates of chemistry and chemical engineering generally have basic professional research and experimental ability. Today's job market is eager for talents in chemical engineering. In other words, there is no word "jobless vagrant" in the dictionary of chemical workers! The specialty of chemical engineering is very extensive, which can meet the professional needs of major instries and enterprises. Government agencies, such as the environmental protection department, can be divided into the air quality protection and noise control office, the water quality protection office, the waste management office and the environmental health and poisons management office, all of which are staffed by chemical personnel from environmental engineering, chemical analysis and other professional disciplines. Private enterprises are eager for chemical professionals; For example, process engineers in the high-tech instry have to rely on the concept of chemical power of chemical workers to adjust process parameters (this is the field with the largest number of employees at present). In the factory, the design and chemical characteristics of the reactor are derived from the reactor design of chemical kinetics; The discharge and treatment of sewage, poisonous gas and waste are the basic subjects in environmental engineering; In addition, the establishment of the plant, process safety and plant management are also the expertise of chemical workers. In addition, in academic institutions, they are classified as R & D units, and the professional needs of chemical instry are more extensive and in-depth. For example, in polymer science, polymer chemistry and polymer processing are included; Biochemical technology needs biochemical science, biotechnology and other professional disciplines; Inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, material science and mechanics are also widely used in material engineering. In a word, the specialty of chemical engineering is so extensive that it can summarize the needs of all employment units
chemical workers are the favorite in the job market. As there are many professional categories in the chemical instry, such as materials, biochemistry, environmental engineering, catalyst, program control and simulation, the demand for chemical personnel in the instry can not be underestimated. From the establishment of plant area and equipment to the maintenance of surrounding environment, even the use and safety maintenance of chemicals, a company or factory is the basic competence of chemical workers. In short, the establishment and proction of a factory is very dependent on the chemical instry. Therefore, once the graates of Chemical Engineering Institute enter the job market, they are often the instry's favorite. In high-tech factories, graates from chemical engineering institutes can be employed as process engineers (materials discipline), factory engineers (process safety), pollution prevention and treatment of toxic chemicals (Environmental Engineering). Therefore, in recent years, our department of chemistry and chemical engineering has been recruiting more and more students, and the number of university students who continue to study is also increasing year by year, because once the students graate from the Department of chemistry and chemical engineering, they will be the most basic and powerful ability and basis once they enter the job market. If we take the current high-tech instry as an example, we can see that the demand for chemical workers in the job market is more and more intense
chemistry major provides students with professional ability in chemical knowledge, and also offers auxiliary courses including mathematics, physics and environmental ecology. In addition to making students master the basic knowledge of specific science, the major also cultivates students' ability of critical thinking, experimental technology, explanation and observation, and clear expression of thinking
students who intend to work in chemistry will be happy to work independently. They will have beyond the ordinary level of scientific and mathematical talent, with their own hands to work, the use of technical materials and experimental dexterity. Tenacity, patience, curiosity, independence, creativity and care for details are the basic qualities of professional chemists
the employment opportunities of chemical workers are very broad, including analytical detection, biopharmaceutical, chemical engineering, chemical deployment, chemical technician, chemical technology, clinical chemistry, chemical consultant, dentist, environmentalist, enzyme chemistry, food chemistry, geographical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, chemical manufacturer sales agent, pharmaceutical technology, metallurgy, nutrition Occupational safety and health experts, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, physicists, quality assurance, radiochemistry, teachers, technical writers, toxicology, environment and other related instries. There are also many potential employment markets, such as chemical factories, government associations, health care services, middle schools, hospitals, instrial laboratories, pharmaceutical companies, private enterprises and experimental research institutes
after graation, chemistry and chemical engineering students who like to engage in environmental governance also have a wide range of employment directions. Graates can work in the government's environmental planning department, environmental resources consulting company, or as environmental professionals or engineers in some companies in the fields of chemistry, manufacturing, engineering, mining, petroleum, etc. For example, students majoring in environmental science can engage in teaching, scientific research, management and application technology in Institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions, environmental protection and environmental monitoring, urban planning and construction departments after graation; After graation, students majoring in environmental engineering can work in the government's environmental planning department, environmental resources consulting company, or as environmental professionals or engineers in some companies involved in chemistry, manufacturing, engineering, mining, petroleum and other fields; After graation, students majoring in environmental protection and monitoring can go to relevant environmental protection departments, instrial and mining enterprises, universities, middle schools, technical colleges and scientific research institutions to engage in environmental protection, environmental management, environmental monitoring, environmental governance, environmental ecation, environmental publicity and environmental protection instry management
however, a wide range of employment does not mean that it is easy to find a job, but also depends on the indivial's situation and ability to work. So what professional abilities should the graates of chemistry and chemical engineering have when they choose the direction of employment? Zhang Shuicheng, head of the employment guidance group of the Department of chemistry and chemical engineering, analyzed: first of all, professional knowledge, so there is no need to elaborate; The second is the ability of observation and analysis. Environmental problems have their continuity and mutation. Only with keen observation and analysis can we grasp the key of the problem; The third is to study the ability of operation. The application of theory always requires flexibility and progress, and it can promote each other only when it constantly conflicts with practice
it is very important to cultivate the professional ability of chemistry students. Nowadays, many graates value certificates when they are looking for jobs. They always think that certificates can prove their abilities. The more certificates they have, the more opportunities they can bring. In this regard, Zhang Shuicheng pointed out: sometimes certificates can win certain affirmation for themselves, but this is not absolute. There are not many certificates, but the essence. It is necessary to be targeted to highlight the advantages. Blindly listing certificates is easy to bury the advantages, which can only backfire. The specialty of the Department of chemistry and chemical engineering is highly professional, and the requirements for students' professional skills are relatively high. Similarly, the outside world, such as employers, also attach great importance to the ability and qualification of graates. In this case, it is useful to have relevant certificates. However, when choosing the certificate examination, we should be more careful, not blindly subordinate to the trend, or have the idea that more is better. For example, students can obtain "intermediate analysis operator certificate" and "advanced analysis operator certificate" in school. In addition, you can choose some certificates according to your ideal target occupation. For example, those who are engaged in indoor environment work can get "Intermediate Certificate of indoor environment testing" and "certificate of environmental engineering design". There are also some basic application certificates, such as "CET-4 certificate" and "CET-2 certificate", which employers will consider
it is helpful for graates themselves and job seekers to obtain some certificates corresponding to their job selection tendency. Zhang Shuicheng pointed out that getting a certificate is not only the result of getting the certificate, but also the process of getting it. Students in the process of preparing for the exam, we must seriously study related knowledge
more than a decade ago, the chemical and chemical instry was associated with traditional factory OEM models such as chimney, black smoke, sewage, etc. with the development of science and technology, the impression of chemical and chemical instry in our mind has become a proper term for high-tech instries such as gene, nanotechnology, biotechnology, etc., which are oriented by technology and R & D, More than 1660 domestic talent websites have more than 4000 chemical instry related job vacancies on average every day. It is estimated that more than 50000 chemical instry related job opportunities will be added this year
in recent years, the National Conference on the supply and demand of chemical engineering graates in Colleges and universities has been spreading good news. The demand for chemical engineering talents in China is very strong. At the same time, chemical engineering graates can also enjoy the national policy of "networking exchange". According to the person in charge of the National Chemical Talent Exchange Center, the vast majority of chemical enterprises ranking among the world's top 500 have set up companies all over China. At the same time, the rapid rise of private chemical enterprises has greatly increased the number of chemical talents, which has objectively stimulated the demand for chemical talents. In addition, the National Chemical talents exchange and cooperation network was formally established in 2003. Chemical graates can enjoy the policy of national networking exchange, which is bound to greatly improve the employment rate of such graates
the application and development of chemical instry is very fast, which not only brings about a wave of investment in various instries in China, but also strengthens the research atmosphere of chemical instry, biochemistry and nanotechnology in Colleges and universities; In addition to the government's listing of chemical R & D in the national key scientific research plan, the research achievements of the academic community and the full investment of the instry have led to the establishment of relevant domestic chemical manufacturers and research institutions one by one. At the same time, the demand for chemical talents has also increased greatly. Even in the R & D teams of all kinds of large scientific and technological plants, chemical and chemical talents also play an important role and occupy a great weight. The chemical instry has been equated with high technology
our department of chemistry and chemical engineering cultivates applied chemical engineering talents who meet the first-line needs of proction, construction, scientific research, management and service of the chemical instry and obtain preliminary training in chemistry and chemical engineering skills, as well as compound chemical engineering talents with wide professional knowledge and wide employment range. In the University, they can master the basic principles of chemical engineering, the basic chemical knowledge, basic theory, basic skills necessary for their own major and adjacent majors, and have the general knowledge of related disciplines; Master the professional knowledge in the field of quality supervision, management and testing, and understand the frontier knowledge and development trend of instrial analysis, and have the ability of preliminary formulation, application, development research and correct evaluation of proct quality. Master the preparation process and quality control methods of various chemical procts; Have the ability to solve practical problems in general instrial proction related to the specialty; Be able to use formula optimization to carry out scientific and Technological Development and research of chemical procts, and have the ability to develop new chemical procts and technologies; Be able to master the modern detection technology of chemical procts, and have the ability of proct quality supervision in proction. After graation, students of chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department of Huanghuai university are mainly engaged in primary and secondary ecation and employment in chemical instry enterprises. The annual employment rate is always maintained at 100%, and a perfect employment base has been established. Zhumadian is famous for its top 100 enterprises in Henan, such as Tianfang pharmaceutical, Junma group, Lantian group and several key scientific research units in Wuhan. These large enterprises recruit a large number of chemical graates with strong quality and professional skills from our department every year
chemical instry is a big field, including environmental engineering, biochemical engineering, material science, pharmaceutical engineering, safety and program control, etc. After four years of study and training, the graates of chemistry and chemical engineering generally have basic professional research and experimental ability. Today's job market is eager for talents in chemical engineering. In other words, there is no word "jobless vagrant" in the dictionary of chemical workers! The specialty of chemical engineering is very extensive, which can meet the professional needs of major instries and enterprises. Government agencies, such as the environmental protection department, can be divided into the air quality protection and noise control office, the water quality protection office, the waste management office and the environmental health and poisons management office, all of which are staffed by chemical personnel from environmental engineering, chemical analysis and other professional disciplines. Private enterprises are eager for chemical professionals; For example, process engineers in the high-tech instry have to rely on the concept of chemical power of chemical workers to adjust process parameters (this is the field with the largest number of employees at present). In the factory, the design and chemical characteristics of the reactor are derived from the reactor design of chemical kinetics; The discharge and treatment of sewage, poisonous gas and waste are the basic subjects in environmental engineering; In addition, the establishment of the plant, process safety and plant management are also the expertise of chemical workers. In addition, in academic institutions, they are classified as R & D units, and the professional needs of chemical instry are more extensive and in-depth. For example, in polymer science, polymer chemistry and polymer processing are included; Biochemical technology needs biochemical science, biotechnology and other professional disciplines; Inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, material science and mechanics are also widely used in material engineering. In a word, the specialty of chemical engineering is so extensive that it can summarize the needs of all employment units
chemical workers are the favorite in the job market. As there are many professional categories in the chemical instry, such as materials, biochemistry, environmental engineering, catalyst, program control and simulation, the demand for chemical personnel in the instry can not be underestimated. From the establishment of plant area and equipment to the maintenance of surrounding environment, even the use and safety maintenance of chemicals, a company or factory is the basic competence of chemical workers. In short, the establishment and proction of a factory is very dependent on the chemical instry. Therefore, once the graates of Chemical Engineering Institute enter the job market, they are often the instry's favorite. In high-tech factories, graates from chemical engineering institutes can be employed as process engineers (materials discipline), factory engineers (process safety), pollution prevention and treatment of toxic chemicals (Environmental Engineering). Therefore, in recent years, our department of chemistry and chemical engineering has been recruiting more and more students, and the number of university students who continue to study is also increasing year by year, because once the students graate from the Department of chemistry and chemical engineering, they will be the most basic and powerful ability and basis once they enter the job market. If we take the current high-tech instry as an example, we can see that the demand for chemical workers in the job market is more and more intense
chemistry major provides students with professional ability in chemical knowledge, and also offers auxiliary courses including mathematics, physics and environmental ecology. In addition to making students master the basic knowledge of specific science, the major also cultivates students' ability of critical thinking, experimental technology, explanation and observation, and clear expression of thinking
students who intend to work in chemistry will be happy to work independently. They will have beyond the ordinary level of scientific and mathematical talent, with their own hands to work, the use of technical materials and experimental dexterity. Tenacity, patience, curiosity, independence, creativity and care for details are the basic qualities of professional chemists
the employment opportunities of chemical workers are very broad, including analytical detection, biopharmaceutical, chemical engineering, chemical deployment, chemical technician, chemical technology, clinical chemistry, chemical consultant, dentist, environmentalist, enzyme chemistry, food chemistry, geographical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, chemical manufacturer sales agent, pharmaceutical technology, metallurgy, nutrition Occupational safety and health experts, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, physicists, quality assurance, radiochemistry, teachers, technical writers, toxicology, environment and other related instries. There are also many potential employment markets, such as chemical factories, government associations, health care services, middle schools, hospitals, instrial laboratories, pharmaceutical companies, private enterprises and experimental research institutes
after graation, chemistry and chemical engineering students who like to engage in environmental governance also have a wide range of employment directions. Graates can work in the government's environmental planning department, environmental resources consulting company, or as environmental professionals or engineers in some companies in the fields of chemistry, manufacturing, engineering, mining, petroleum, etc. For example, students majoring in environmental science can engage in teaching, scientific research, management and application technology in Institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions, environmental protection and environmental monitoring, urban planning and construction departments after graation; After graation, students majoring in environmental engineering can work in the government's environmental planning department, environmental resources consulting company, or as environmental professionals or engineers in some companies involved in chemistry, manufacturing, engineering, mining, petroleum and other fields; After graation, students majoring in environmental protection and monitoring can go to relevant environmental protection departments, instrial and mining enterprises, universities, middle schools, technical colleges and scientific research institutions to engage in environmental protection, environmental management, environmental monitoring, environmental governance, environmental ecation, environmental publicity and environmental protection instry management
however, a wide range of employment does not mean that it is easy to find a job, but also depends on the indivial's situation and ability to work. So what professional abilities should the graates of chemistry and chemical engineering have when they choose the direction of employment? Zhang Shuicheng, head of the employment guidance group of the Department of chemistry and chemical engineering, analyzed: first of all, professional knowledge, so there is no need to elaborate; The second is the ability of observation and analysis. Environmental problems have their continuity and mutation. Only with keen observation and analysis can we grasp the key of the problem; The third is to study the ability of operation. The application of theory always requires flexibility and progress, and it can promote each other only when it constantly conflicts with practice
it is very important to cultivate the professional ability of chemistry students. Nowadays, many graates value certificates when they are looking for jobs. They always think that certificates can prove their abilities. The more certificates they have, the more opportunities they can bring. In this regard, Zhang Shuicheng pointed out: sometimes certificates can win certain affirmation for themselves, but this is not absolute. There are not many certificates, but the essence. It is necessary to be targeted to highlight the advantages. Blindly listing certificates is easy to bury the advantages, which can only backfire. The specialty of the Department of chemistry and chemical engineering is highly professional, and the requirements for students' professional skills are relatively high. Similarly, the outside world, such as employers, also attach great importance to the ability and qualification of graates. In this case, it is useful to have relevant certificates. However, when choosing the certificate examination, we should be more careful, not blindly subordinate to the trend, or have the idea that more is better. For example, students can obtain "intermediate analysis operator certificate" and "advanced analysis operator certificate" in school. In addition, you can choose some certificates according to your ideal target occupation. For example, those who are engaged in indoor environment work can get "Intermediate Certificate of indoor environment testing" and "certificate of environmental engineering design". There are also some basic application certificates, such as "CET-4 certificate" and "CET-2 certificate", which employers will consider
it is helpful for graates themselves and job seekers to obtain some certificates corresponding to their job selection tendency. Zhang Shuicheng pointed out that getting a certificate is not only the result of getting the certificate, but also the process of getting it. Students in the process of preparing for the exam, we must seriously study related knowledge
8. The software needed to be mastered by mining Specialty:
FLAC 3D, soil mechanics, rock mechanics, continuity analysis are particularly easy to use, and are also the most commonly used simulation software
UDEC, discontinuous simulation software
Phase2, bolt simulation
Map3D, mining work simulation
mining is the technology and science of mining mineral resources from the crust and surface. Mining in a broad sense also includes the exploitation of coal and oil. Mining instry is an important raw material instry, metal ore is the main raw material of smelting instry, non-metal ore is an important chemical raw material and building materials.
FLAC 3D, soil mechanics, rock mechanics, continuity analysis are particularly easy to use, and are also the most commonly used simulation software
UDEC, discontinuous simulation software
Phase2, bolt simulation
Map3D, mining work simulation
mining is the technology and science of mining mineral resources from the crust and surface. Mining in a broad sense also includes the exploitation of coal and oil. Mining instry is an important raw material instry, metal ore is the main raw material of smelting instry, non-metal ore is an important chemical raw material and building materials.
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