Mining switch connection
Publish: 2021-05-02 04:10:36
1.
You can use one end of the network cable to connect the LAN port of the switch to the LAN port of the router, and then connect the other end to the computer device for normal use. The specific connection method is as follows:
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turn on the switch power, you can see that all switches are LAN ports
< / OL >
extended materials
several main connection modes of switches
1. Cascading according to the needs, multiple switches can be cascaded in various ways. In large local area networks, such as campus networks, multiple switches generally form a bus type, tree type or cascade structure according to their performance and use. At present, many local telecom departments have built broadband IP man in many prefecture level cities
Stacking refers to combining more than one switch to work together, so as to provide as many ports as possible in the limited space. Multiple switches are stacked to form a stacking unit. One of the stackable switch performance metrics is & quot; Maximum stackable number & quot; Represents the maximum port density that a stack cell can provide Cluster is to manage multiple interconnected switches as a logical device. In a cluster, there is only one management switch, called command switch, which can manage several other switches. In the network, these switches only need to occupy one IP address, thus saving the IP address Network switch cascading2.
Connection mode between switches:
1. Switches and switches are cascaded, and it is better to use uplink-uplink, so that the data passing through is larger! Generally, the bandwidth of the trunk interface is larger than that of the ordinary interface, or the performance is better
2. Whether to use cross line or through line depends on whether your equipment is old or new. Now switches and routers basically support self adaptation, that is to say, both cross line and through line are OK. If adaptive is supported, then it is recommended that you make 568B through line
3. If there are more than 50 machines in the LAN, DHCP is used to assign IP addresses. It is not recommended to adopt such a scheme. It is easy to rece the network performance. Although it is faster than manually entering the IP address, it will increase the burden of management. Easy to address conflict, and increased the burden of network bandwidth! It is recommended that the static IP address be assigned to the computer
3. The "up link" interface of switches can be used to connect switches in a cascade way
the so-called cascading is that two or more switches are connected to each other in a certain way. According to the needs, multiple switches can be cascaded in a variety of ways, such as bus type, tree type or star type. For simple switch interconnection, star type connection is generally used
specifically, one end of a parallel network cable is connected to the "up link" interface of the first switch, and the other end of the cable is connected to the common interface of the second switch“ The "up link" interface is separate from other interfaces and can be easily found. The so-called parallel cable is the crystal head at both ends of the cable, which is made with the same standard
extended data
several main connection modes of switches
1. Cascading
multiple switches can be cascaded in a variety of ways according to needs. In large local area networks, such as campus networks, multiple switches generally form bus, tree or star cascaded structures according to their performance and usage. At present, many local telecom departments have built broadband IP man in many prefecture level cities
2. Stack
stack refers to the combination of more than one switch to work together, so as to provide as many ports as possible in the limited space. Multiple switches are stacked to form a stacking unit. One of the stackable switch performance metrics is & quot; Maximum stackable number & quot; Represents the maximum port density that a stack cell can provide
3. Cluster
cluster is to manage multiple interconnected switches as a logical device. In a cluster, there is only one management switch, called command switch, which can manage several other switches. In the network, these switches only need to occupy one IP address, thus saving the IP address
reference: network switch cascading
the so-called cascading is that two or more switches are connected to each other in a certain way. According to the needs, multiple switches can be cascaded in a variety of ways, such as bus type, tree type or star type. For simple switch interconnection, star type connection is generally used
specifically, one end of a parallel network cable is connected to the "up link" interface of the first switch, and the other end of the cable is connected to the common interface of the second switch“ The "up link" interface is separate from other interfaces and can be easily found. The so-called parallel cable is the crystal head at both ends of the cable, which is made with the same standard
extended data
several main connection modes of switches
1. Cascading
multiple switches can be cascaded in a variety of ways according to needs. In large local area networks, such as campus networks, multiple switches generally form bus, tree or star cascaded structures according to their performance and usage. At present, many local telecom departments have built broadband IP man in many prefecture level cities
2. Stack
stack refers to the combination of more than one switch to work together, so as to provide as many ports as possible in the limited space. Multiple switches are stacked to form a stacking unit. One of the stackable switch performance metrics is & quot; Maximum stackable number & quot; Represents the maximum port density that a stack cell can provide
3. Cluster
cluster is to manage multiple interconnected switches as a logical device. In a cluster, there is only one management switch, called command switch, which can manage several other switches. In the network, these switches only need to occupy one IP address, thus saving the IP address
reference: network switch cascading
4. Switch is the most basic network connection equipment. It is a pure hardware device that can be used without any software configuration; The connection between a single switch and the network, I believe readers have been able to grasp. This paper mainly introces the connection problem when multiple switches are used in the network at the same time
there are no more than two ways to connect multiple switches: cascading and stacking. In view of these two connection methods, the implementation principle and detailed connection process are introced respectively
1. Switch cascade
this is the most common way to connect multiple switches, which is connected through the uplink port on the switch. It should be noted that switches can not be cascaded without limit. If more than a certain number of switches are cascaded, it will eventually cause a broadcast storm, resulting in a serious decline in network performance. Cascading can be divided into the following two types:
cascading with ordinary ports
the so-called ordinary port is connected through a common port of the switch (such as RJ-45 port). It should be noted that the reverse wire should be used to connect the twisted pair, that is to say, the two ends of the twisted pair should be jumpers (1-3 and 2-6 pins should be exchanged). The connection diagram is shown in Figure 1
cascading with uplink ports
in all switch ports, there will be an uplink port beside it, as shown in Figure 2. This port is specially provided for uplink connection
and can be connected to any port except "uplink port" on other switches through straight through twisted pair (note that it is not the interconnection of uplink ports)
2. Switch stacking
this connection mode is mainly used in large-scale networks with large demand for ports. Stacking switches is the fastest and most convenient way to expand ports, and the bandwidth after stacking is dozens of times of the speed of a single switch port. However, not all switches support stacking, which depends on whether the switch brand and model support stacking; Special stacking cables and moles are also needed; Finally, the switches in the same stack must be of the same brand
it is directly connected from the "up" stacking port of one switch to the "down" stacking port of another switch through a special connecting cable provided by the manufacturer. All switches in the stack can be managed as a whole switch. The connection diagram is shown in Fig. 4
tip: switches in stack mode are limited by type and mutual distance. Firstly, the switch that implements stack must support stack; In addition, as the stacking connecting cables provided by the manufacturer are generally about 1m, the stacking function can only be used in a very short distance
summary:
considering the above two ways, the switch cascade mode is simple, only one common twisted pair is needed, which saves cost and is not limited by distance; However, the investment of stacking mode is relatively large, and it can only be connected in a short distance, so it is difficult to realize
however, we should also realize that the stacking mode has better performance than the cascade mode, the signal is not easy to be exhausted, and through the stacking mode, we can centrally manage multiple switches, greatly recing the management workload; If you really need to use cascading, you'd better choose the connection mode of the uplink port. Because this can ensure the signal strength to the greatest extent, if it is the connection between ordinary ports, the network signal will be seriously damaged< When the number of ports provided by a single switch is not enough to meet the needs of network computers, more than two switches must provide the corresponding number of ports, which also involves the connection between switches. Fundamentally speaking, there are no more than two ways to connect switches, one is stacking, the other is cascading. P1. GBIC and SF (1) GBIC Cisco GBIC (gigastack Gigabit interface converter) is a general-purpose, low-cost Gigabit Ethernet stack mole, which can provide high-speed connection between Cisco switches. It can not only build high-density port stack, but also realize connection with server or Gigabit backbone, which is the transition from fast Ethernet to Gigabit Ethernet, It provides a low-cost, high-performance alternative. In addition, with the help of optical fiber, it can also realize the connection with remote high-speed backbone network. GBIC moles are divided into two categories, one is the common cascade GBIC mole, the other is the stacking GBIC mole. The cascaded GBIC moles are divided into four types: one is the 1000BASE-T GBIC mole (as shown in Figure 1), which is suitable for category 5 or category 6 twisted pair, and the maximum transmission distance is 100m; The second is the 1000base SX GBIC mole (as shown in Figure 2), which is suitable for multi-mode multi fiber (MMF) with a maximum transmission distance of 500m; The third is the 1000base LX / LH GBIC mole, which is suitable for single-mode fiber (SMF) with a maximum transmission distance of 10km; The fourth is 1000base ZX GBIC, which is suitable for long wave single-mode fiber with the longest transmission distance of 70km ~ 100km
1000BASE-T GBIC mole
1000base SX GBIC mole
GBIC mole is installed in GBIC slot of Gigabit Ethernet mole to provide Gigabit connection with other switches and servers. Figure 3 shows the GBIC installed in the Cisco catalyst 4006 Gigabit Ethernet mole<
GBIC moles installed in GBIC slots
● stacked GBIC moles stacked GBIC moles are used to realize cheap Gigabit connection between switches. Figure 4 shows the gigastack GBIC stack mole for Cisco catalyst 2950 / 3550. It should be noted that the gigastack GBIC is specially used for the Gigabit stacking between switches, and the connection between the gigastack GBICs uses a special stacking cable<
Cisco gigastack GBIC stack moles and cables
(2) SFPs (small form factor plugs) can be simply understood as the upgraded version of GBIC. The volume of the SFP mole (as shown in Figure 5) is half smaller than that of the GBIC mole, and the number of ports can be more than doubled on the same panel. Since the function of the SFP mole is basically the same as that of the GBIC, it is also called mini GBIC by some switch manufacturers
SFP mole
2. The stacking of switches. Switches providing stacking interface can be connected by special stacking line. Usually, the bandwidth of the stack is dozens of times of the port speed of the switch. For example, if a 100Mbps switch is stacked, the bandwidth between the two switches can reach hundreds of megabytes or even gigabytes. The stacking of multiple switches is realized by connecting a multi port stacking mother mole providing backplane bus bandwidth with a single port stacking sub mole, and inserting different switches to realize the stacking of switches. However, not all switches support stacking, which depends on the brand and even model of the switch. Stacking usually requires not only special stacking cables, but also special stacking moles, such as Cisco gigastack GBIC. In addition, switches in the same stack must be of the same brand, otherwise, there is no way to stack them. Therefore, if you are going to expand the port by stacking, you must make a purchase plan in advance. Stacking switches is the fastest and most convenient way to expand ports. There are many advantages of stacking, mainly including the following aspects: ● high density ports. Different brands of switches support different layers of stacking. Generally speaking, they can stack at least 2 layers and at most 8 layers. Therefore, they can provide hundreds of ports for a dense computer network in a narrow space. A number of switches that are easy to manage a stack can be regarded as one switch for management, and all switches can be managed through one IP address, which greatly reces the intensity and difficulty of management and greatly saves the management cost
stack and uplink are two ways to connect multiple switches or hubs together. Their main purpose is to increase port density. But their implementation methods are different. In short, cascading can be done by a twisted pair between switches, hubs or between switches and hubs of any network equipment manufacturer. Stacking can only be realized between the devices of their own manufacturers, and this device must have stacking function. Cascading only needs to make a single twisted pair (or other media), stacking needs special stacking mole and stacking cable, and these devices may need to be purchased separately. Theoretically, there is no limit on the number of cascades of switches (Note: there is a limit on the number of cascades of hubs, and the requirements of 10m and 100m are different), and the maximum number of stacks will be marked for the equipment of each manufacturer. It can be seen from the above that cascading is relatively easy, but stacking technology has the advantage that cascading cannot achieve. First, multiple switches are stacked together, logically speaking, they belong to the same device. In this way, if you want to set up these switches, you can see other switches in the stack as long as you connect to any device. The cascaded devices are logically independent. If you want to manage these devices, you must connect to each device in turn. Secondly, cascading multiple devices will result in cascading bottleneck. For example, if two 100m switches are cascaded through a twisted pair, their cascading bandwidth is 100m. In this way, computers between different switches can only communicate through the 100 MB bandwidth. The two switches are connected by stacking, and the stacked cables can provide more than 1G backplane bandwidth, greatly recing the bottleneck. Now the switch has a new technology port trunking. Through this technology, multiple twisted pairs can be used to cascade between two switches, which can multiply the bandwidth of the cascade. Another goal that cascading can't achieve is to increase the connection distance. For example, if a computer is far away from the switch and exceeds the maximum distance of 100 meters of a single twisted pair, another switch can be placed in the middle to connect the computer with the switch. The longest stacking cable is only a few meters, so stacking should be considered. Stacking and cascading have their own advantages, which often appear at the same time in the actual scheme design, and can be applied flexibly
cascading is connected with other hubs through one port of the hub, while stacking is connected through the backplane of the hub. Although both cascading and stacking can expand the number of ports, each hub or switch after cascading is still logically multiple managed devices, while the stacked hubs or switches are logically one managed device
typing is not easy. If you are satisfied, please accept it.
there are no more than two ways to connect multiple switches: cascading and stacking. In view of these two connection methods, the implementation principle and detailed connection process are introced respectively
1. Switch cascade
this is the most common way to connect multiple switches, which is connected through the uplink port on the switch. It should be noted that switches can not be cascaded without limit. If more than a certain number of switches are cascaded, it will eventually cause a broadcast storm, resulting in a serious decline in network performance. Cascading can be divided into the following two types:
cascading with ordinary ports
the so-called ordinary port is connected through a common port of the switch (such as RJ-45 port). It should be noted that the reverse wire should be used to connect the twisted pair, that is to say, the two ends of the twisted pair should be jumpers (1-3 and 2-6 pins should be exchanged). The connection diagram is shown in Figure 1
cascading with uplink ports
in all switch ports, there will be an uplink port beside it, as shown in Figure 2. This port is specially provided for uplink connection
and can be connected to any port except "uplink port" on other switches through straight through twisted pair (note that it is not the interconnection of uplink ports)
2. Switch stacking
this connection mode is mainly used in large-scale networks with large demand for ports. Stacking switches is the fastest and most convenient way to expand ports, and the bandwidth after stacking is dozens of times of the speed of a single switch port. However, not all switches support stacking, which depends on whether the switch brand and model support stacking; Special stacking cables and moles are also needed; Finally, the switches in the same stack must be of the same brand
it is directly connected from the "up" stacking port of one switch to the "down" stacking port of another switch through a special connecting cable provided by the manufacturer. All switches in the stack can be managed as a whole switch. The connection diagram is shown in Fig. 4
tip: switches in stack mode are limited by type and mutual distance. Firstly, the switch that implements stack must support stack; In addition, as the stacking connecting cables provided by the manufacturer are generally about 1m, the stacking function can only be used in a very short distance
summary:
considering the above two ways, the switch cascade mode is simple, only one common twisted pair is needed, which saves cost and is not limited by distance; However, the investment of stacking mode is relatively large, and it can only be connected in a short distance, so it is difficult to realize
however, we should also realize that the stacking mode has better performance than the cascade mode, the signal is not easy to be exhausted, and through the stacking mode, we can centrally manage multiple switches, greatly recing the management workload; If you really need to use cascading, you'd better choose the connection mode of the uplink port. Because this can ensure the signal strength to the greatest extent, if it is the connection between ordinary ports, the network signal will be seriously damaged< When the number of ports provided by a single switch is not enough to meet the needs of network computers, more than two switches must provide the corresponding number of ports, which also involves the connection between switches. Fundamentally speaking, there are no more than two ways to connect switches, one is stacking, the other is cascading. P1. GBIC and SF (1) GBIC Cisco GBIC (gigastack Gigabit interface converter) is a general-purpose, low-cost Gigabit Ethernet stack mole, which can provide high-speed connection between Cisco switches. It can not only build high-density port stack, but also realize connection with server or Gigabit backbone, which is the transition from fast Ethernet to Gigabit Ethernet, It provides a low-cost, high-performance alternative. In addition, with the help of optical fiber, it can also realize the connection with remote high-speed backbone network. GBIC moles are divided into two categories, one is the common cascade GBIC mole, the other is the stacking GBIC mole. The cascaded GBIC moles are divided into four types: one is the 1000BASE-T GBIC mole (as shown in Figure 1), which is suitable for category 5 or category 6 twisted pair, and the maximum transmission distance is 100m; The second is the 1000base SX GBIC mole (as shown in Figure 2), which is suitable for multi-mode multi fiber (MMF) with a maximum transmission distance of 500m; The third is the 1000base LX / LH GBIC mole, which is suitable for single-mode fiber (SMF) with a maximum transmission distance of 10km; The fourth is 1000base ZX GBIC, which is suitable for long wave single-mode fiber with the longest transmission distance of 70km ~ 100km
1000BASE-T GBIC mole
1000base SX GBIC mole
GBIC mole is installed in GBIC slot of Gigabit Ethernet mole to provide Gigabit connection with other switches and servers. Figure 3 shows the GBIC installed in the Cisco catalyst 4006 Gigabit Ethernet mole<
GBIC moles installed in GBIC slots
● stacked GBIC moles stacked GBIC moles are used to realize cheap Gigabit connection between switches. Figure 4 shows the gigastack GBIC stack mole for Cisco catalyst 2950 / 3550. It should be noted that the gigastack GBIC is specially used for the Gigabit stacking between switches, and the connection between the gigastack GBICs uses a special stacking cable<
Cisco gigastack GBIC stack moles and cables
(2) SFPs (small form factor plugs) can be simply understood as the upgraded version of GBIC. The volume of the SFP mole (as shown in Figure 5) is half smaller than that of the GBIC mole, and the number of ports can be more than doubled on the same panel. Since the function of the SFP mole is basically the same as that of the GBIC, it is also called mini GBIC by some switch manufacturers
SFP mole
2. The stacking of switches. Switches providing stacking interface can be connected by special stacking line. Usually, the bandwidth of the stack is dozens of times of the port speed of the switch. For example, if a 100Mbps switch is stacked, the bandwidth between the two switches can reach hundreds of megabytes or even gigabytes. The stacking of multiple switches is realized by connecting a multi port stacking mother mole providing backplane bus bandwidth with a single port stacking sub mole, and inserting different switches to realize the stacking of switches. However, not all switches support stacking, which depends on the brand and even model of the switch. Stacking usually requires not only special stacking cables, but also special stacking moles, such as Cisco gigastack GBIC. In addition, switches in the same stack must be of the same brand, otherwise, there is no way to stack them. Therefore, if you are going to expand the port by stacking, you must make a purchase plan in advance. Stacking switches is the fastest and most convenient way to expand ports. There are many advantages of stacking, mainly including the following aspects: ● high density ports. Different brands of switches support different layers of stacking. Generally speaking, they can stack at least 2 layers and at most 8 layers. Therefore, they can provide hundreds of ports for a dense computer network in a narrow space. A number of switches that are easy to manage a stack can be regarded as one switch for management, and all switches can be managed through one IP address, which greatly reces the intensity and difficulty of management and greatly saves the management cost
stack and uplink are two ways to connect multiple switches or hubs together. Their main purpose is to increase port density. But their implementation methods are different. In short, cascading can be done by a twisted pair between switches, hubs or between switches and hubs of any network equipment manufacturer. Stacking can only be realized between the devices of their own manufacturers, and this device must have stacking function. Cascading only needs to make a single twisted pair (or other media), stacking needs special stacking mole and stacking cable, and these devices may need to be purchased separately. Theoretically, there is no limit on the number of cascades of switches (Note: there is a limit on the number of cascades of hubs, and the requirements of 10m and 100m are different), and the maximum number of stacks will be marked for the equipment of each manufacturer. It can be seen from the above that cascading is relatively easy, but stacking technology has the advantage that cascading cannot achieve. First, multiple switches are stacked together, logically speaking, they belong to the same device. In this way, if you want to set up these switches, you can see other switches in the stack as long as you connect to any device. The cascaded devices are logically independent. If you want to manage these devices, you must connect to each device in turn. Secondly, cascading multiple devices will result in cascading bottleneck. For example, if two 100m switches are cascaded through a twisted pair, their cascading bandwidth is 100m. In this way, computers between different switches can only communicate through the 100 MB bandwidth. The two switches are connected by stacking, and the stacked cables can provide more than 1G backplane bandwidth, greatly recing the bottleneck. Now the switch has a new technology port trunking. Through this technology, multiple twisted pairs can be used to cascade between two switches, which can multiply the bandwidth of the cascade. Another goal that cascading can't achieve is to increase the connection distance. For example, if a computer is far away from the switch and exceeds the maximum distance of 100 meters of a single twisted pair, another switch can be placed in the middle to connect the computer with the switch. The longest stacking cable is only a few meters, so stacking should be considered. Stacking and cascading have their own advantages, which often appear at the same time in the actual scheme design, and can be applied flexibly
cascading is connected with other hubs through one port of the hub, while stacking is connected through the backplane of the hub. Although both cascading and stacking can expand the number of ports, each hub or switch after cascading is still logically multiple managed devices, while the stacked hubs or switches are logically one managed device
typing is not easy. If you are satisfied, please accept it.
5. Switches and routers are basically the same
the switch can only access the Internet by dialing
the router can access the Internet without dialing
connect the cable ~ ~ ~ Internet cat ~ ~ ~ switch ~ ~ ~ host ~ ~
turn on the phone and dial up to get online
the switch can only access the Internet by dialing
the router can access the Internet without dialing
connect the cable ~ ~ ~ Internet cat ~ ~ ~ switch ~ ~ ~ host ~ ~
turn on the phone and dial up to get online
6. Prepare a cross line (to connect the cat to the switch). Through the switch and then pull the network cable on the computer, who dial the first computer to do the host. The setting method of host (computer used for dialing) is as follows: right click on Network Neighborhood - → properties - → right click on local connection - → properties - → general Internet service (ICP & # 92; IP) and then set the shared connection. Of course, if your computer has a dial-up connection, if there is no dial-up connection, please create a new connection and open my network neighbor property, It can be created inside. How to set up a shared connection: right click your dial-up connection - → select properties - → click Advanced, and tick "allow other network users to connect through the Internet of this computer". Click OK, one more hand will hold the dial-up connection icon, which means that the shared connection has been set up. Other computer (customer service machine) setting method: IP 192.168.0. (where 5 is the last number 2 to 225, fill in casually, as long as it does not repeat with others, here I fill in 5) subnet 255.255.255.0 default gateway: 192.168.0.1 (that is the IP address of the host) after the gateway is set, if the network cable connection is OK, the system will automatically receive the local connection, After collecting and searching, an Internet Gateway icon will appear in your network neighborhood attribute
preferred DNS server: (fill in according to your local DNS, you can query online) several points to pay attention to
1. Do not repeat the IP addresses of all computers
2. The gateway of customer service machine must fill in the IP and DNS of the host computer
3. The host computer "allow other network users to connect through the Internet of this computer" must be checked
preferred DNS server: (fill in according to your local DNS, you can query online) several points to pay attention to
1. Do not repeat the IP addresses of all computers
2. The gateway of customer service machine must fill in the IP and DNS of the host computer
3. The host computer "allow other network users to connect through the Internet of this computer" must be checked
7. Access directly to the convergence connection, configuration trunk, to use the star mode, that is, a connected to A1, a connected to B1... Can not be a connected to A1 connected to B1.
8. You need to tell me what kind of server you are, what level of router you are, and which device the switch is under
the normal connection order is router backbone switch server branch switch client
the normal connection order is router backbone switch server branch switch client
9. Stolen brush, APP authorization may be directly authorized the withholding! The dection is initiated there, and it will be automatically dected on your side!
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