Verification of mining workload certification

1. Ether clown is based on Ethereum blockchain to develop a digital phone, blockchain game with collection value! Now I'll introce it
1. The proction of clowns

the proction mechanism of clowns can be divided into two kinds, one is the official output, the other is the breeding output between two clowns
one official clown is proced every 15 minutes, and the total number is only 50000. At certain times, the official will also release some strange clowns with special shapes. The price of the original clown is the average of the prices of the last five clowns in the market
two clowns of different genders can reproce in the breeding center of the market. In each breeding pair, one clown who plays the role of father can receive the breeding fee paid by the other party (maternal Master). After breeding, there is a certain recovery period, which is related to the clown's genes. The clown in the role of mother will have a period of pregnancy, and she will not be able to breed with other clowns until she gives birth to her baby. There is no limit to the number of breeding times of each etheric clown, but the recovery period and pregnancy period will increase with the number of breeding times< Each clown's appearance is determined by the tamperable genes stored in the smart contract, and each gene is unique, so each clown is unique
the appearance of a clown is composed of eight parts, each part of which can be divided into ordinary and rare attributes. The number of rare attributes is less than that of ordinary attributes, which makes the clown with rare attributes more precious
the appearance of a clown born in breeding is closely related to his parents and the genetic genes carried by his parents. The offspring have a high probability of inheriting the shape of some parts of his parents, so that their parents' good genes can be inherited, and it is possible to mutate and become a completely different clown from his parents

3. Clown trading

etheric clown can be directly used for trading
sell: users can choose clowns to be auctioned in the market, and they can sell their own clowns. When selling, users need to set the highest starting price, the lowest acceptance price and the auction time. The Dutch auction is adopted in the auction. During the auction time, the highest price set by the seller is graally transferred to the lowest price. If the owner is not willing to sell at a low price, a longer auction time can be set or the clown can be sold off the shelves
buy: the buyer selects the clown on sale in the market and pays ether to buy the clown he likes. When the buyer purchases, the transaction will be concluded at the auction price at the current time point. If you have a favorite clown, but feel that the price is not suitable for the time being, and want to pay more attention, you can collect the clown after you like it. Later, we can understand the dynamic of the clown through "my attention"< There are four kinds of clown attribute values: growth value, strength value, agility value and wisdom value. Generation 0 clowns get the value of each attribute randomly, and the non generation 0 clowns are mainly inherited
attribute values can be changed by eating food
after the clown's growth value reaches the requirement (100 points), he can go to the factory to earn money (ETH). Different kinds of factories need different clowns. Dream college needs the wisdom of every working clown. Clowns with more than 800 points of wisdom go to Dream Academy of Sciences to work, and their income can get bonus. If a clown with less than 300 wisdom goes to work, his income will be reced to
a part-time job will consume physical strength. The total physical strength is 120 points. It consumes 1 point every 12 minutes and can work up to 24 hours. During the period of not working, physical strength can be recovered, a little every 8 minutes
when the time reaches 0 o'clock or the clown's physical exertion is completed, the clown's work income will be settled according to the actual working hours at 0 o'clock every day. When every 12 minutes is a work, less than 12 minutes will not be counted

5. Clown food and feeding

owners can buy spinach, beef, carrots, walnuts and other food through the mall to feed clown pets
the price of food is related to the selling price of original clowns on the platform the day before. So the owners can hoard some food when the price of food is low
feeding spinach is helpful to growth value, beef corresponds to clown pet's strength value, carrot corresponds to agility, walnut corresponds to wisdom
the clown can only eat one food a day. We suggest that spinach should be fed in the early stage to meet the working conditions as soon as possible, and then according to the natural properties of clown in the later stage. When working, choose the type of factory with the highest attributes to work.

2. Proof of work (POW) is a proof to confirm that you have done a certain amount of work. The whole process of monitoring work is usually extremely inefficient, and it is a very efficient way to prove that the corresponding workload has been completed through the certification of the work results. For example, in real life, graation certificate, driver's license and so on, are also obtained through the way of test results (through the relevant examination)
proof of equity mechanism
POW is a way to reach a consensus, but it is not the only way. There are other ways for each node to reach a consensus, such as POS
POS is different from POW in that mining on POS system is based on the amount of money held. In other words, in the case of POS, the effect of a person owning 5% of the virtual currency is the same as that of a person owning 5% of the computing power on bitcoin system
the basic principle of workload proof the main feature of workload proof system is that the client needs to do some difficult work to get a result, but the verifier can easily check whether the client has done the corresponding work through the result. A key feature of this scheme is asymmetry: the work is moderate for the requester and easy for the verifier. Different from captcha, captcha is designed to be easily solved by human but not by computer. The following figure shows the process of workload proof:
for example, given a basic string & quot; Hello, world!& quot;， Our workload requirement is that an integer value called nonce can be added after the string to perform sha256 hash operation on the changed (nonce added) string. If the hash result (expressed in hexadecimal) is & quot; 0000" At the beginning, the verification is passed. In order to achieve this goal. We need to continuously increase the nonce value to perform sha256 hash operation on the new string. According to this rule, we need to go through 4251 calculations to find the hash with exactly the first four bits of 0

. In the process of workload proof, we can roughly summarize the steps of bitcoin miners to solve this puzzle of workload proof as follows: generate coinbase transaction, and form a transaction list with all other transactions that are ready to be packaged into blocks, generate Merkle root hash through Merkle tree algorithm, and assemble Merkle root hash and other related fields into blocks, The 80 byte block header of the block header is used as the input of workload proof, and the random number in the block header, that is, the value of nonce, is constantly changed, and the block header after each change is double sha256 operation (that is sha256 (sha256 (block)_ If it is less than the target value, the problem is solved successfully and the workload is proved to be completed. The process can be shown in the following figure:
the workload proof of bitcoin is the main work we commonly call "mining". Understanding the workload proof mechanism will lay a foundation for us to further understand the consensus mechanism of bitcoin blockchain.

3. The client does not need to know the real random number. The client (also the system) actually wants the hash value of the "random number" to be less than a certain value
for example, the value of sha256 of 041665464 (random number) is: (hexadecimal) 0ffffffff... (if)
it does not meet the requirement of less than 00ffffff, so it is not a block
the value of sha256 of 041665465 (random number) is: (hexadecimal) 000ffffff... (if)
it meets the requirement of less than 00ffffff, so it is a block

in fact, it is very difficult to find a random number less than a hash value, which is the principle of workload proof
the value to be less than (00ffff...) is variable (difficulty), which varies with time and computing power.

4. Anti counterfeiting
like the theory of evolution, the main chain is obtained through continuous screening consensus, and the accumulated amount of computation is high. If you want to forge the main chain, you must pay a higher price (half of the computing power of the whole network). For example, the electricity consumption of bitcoin mining is equal to that of Singapore. You have to pay half of Singapore's electricity if you want to fake it

5. Unknown_Error

6. It's about how many things you've done. There should be one thing that proves that you did it. For example, the teacher has two classes, the schele and the students can prove that the class is yours. I wrote two articles. The manuscript can prove that you wrote the article.

7. Proof of work means how much money you get depends on the amount of work you contribute to mining. The better the performance of the computer, the more money you will be given.

8.

Hong Kong Securities Regulatory Commission (SFC) has written to seven cryptocurrency exchanges located in or connected with Hong Kong, warning them not to trade cryptocurrencies that are "securities" without a license, according to the SFC website on September 9. The SFC also wrote to seven ICO issuers. The SFC will continue to monitor the market and take enforcement action when necessary

ICO is basically a crowdfunding activity of start-ups using blockchain technology. ICO issuers generally consult lawyers, accountants, consultants and other market professionals and, with their assistance, construct the cryptocurrency they sell as functional tokens, so as to circumvent the regulatory scope of the SFO and the SFC

Mr Ashley alder, chief executive of the SFC, said: "we will continue to monitor the market and take enforcement actions when necessary. However, we also urge market professionals to properly implement checks to prevent fraud or suspicious fund-raising activities and to assist this Council in ensuring compliance with the law. "

in the past, some investors complained to the SFC that they could not withdraw legal tender or cryptocurrency from the accounts opened in cryptocurrency exchanges. Some of the complainants pointed out that the cryptocurrency exchange misappropriated their assets or manipulated the market, or that the exchange platform suffered a major loss e to technical failure. There have been several complaints against ICO issuers regarding unlicensed or fraulent activities

Ms. Liang Fengyi, executive director of the intermediary Department of the CSRC, said: "investors should not invest if they do not fully understand the risks of cryptocurrency and ICO, or if they are not psychologically prepared for possible heavy losses. If investors deposit legal tender and cryptocurrency in unregulated cryptocurrency exchanges, they should pay attention to the risk of hackers and misappropriation of assets. "

we also urge investors to pay attention to the increasing risks of price volatility, hacking and fraud when investing in cryptocurrency and services of ICO and cryptocurrency exchanges. As the above activities take place online, it may be difficult for victims to recover any losses from cryptocurrency exchanges or fraudsters

if the cryptocurrency exchange has no connection with Hong Kong, or does not provide trading services for cryptocurrencies or futures contracts that are "securities", the SFC may not have regulatory power over these cryptocurrency exchanges and ICO issuers. However, if suspected fraud is found, the case may be referred to the police for investigation

the stock market is risky and investment should be cautious