Marine mining in China

3. Together, the protagonist follows a submarine to the bottom of the sea. When attacked by giant sharks and electric eels, the submarine will become transparent and discharge electricity. The bottom of the sea is a base that the Japanese forced Chinese laborers to dig ring World War II. They attacked ships on the sea to seek resources. They wanted to build aircraft carriers or attack the United States with atomic bombs.

4.

Recently, foreign media frequently reported that China is working hard to exploit seabed mineral resources, and has completed the construction of the hull of the world's first deep-sea mining ship

it is understood that the construction of the ship is progressing smoothly and will be completed on time. In 2018, the ship will be delivered to Nautilus mining company, which is headquartered in Canada, for mining operations near Papua New Guinea

5.

In the management of mineral resources, all kinds of taxes, fees, funds and prices of mineral resources are often involved. What are the taxes and prices of mineral resources? How to correctly distinguish these taxes and prices? The author combs this concretely below

(1) resource tax. The purpose of resource tax is to regulate the differential income of mining enterprises e to the exploitation of different grades of resources, and promote fair competition among enterprises. Resource tax was originally a progressive excess profit tax. In 1986, oil resource tax was levied according to proction quota. The Provisional Regulations on resource tax (Decree No. 139 of the State Council) issued in 1993 stipulates that resource tax shall be levied according to the proction quota

(2) mineral resources compensation. Mineral resources as resource assets, the use and development of such resources, must pay a certain fee to its owner. Mineral resources compensation fee is the fee paid by the mining right owner to the owner for the use (exploitation) of mineral resources. The compensation fee for mineral resources was set up in the mineral resources law of 1986, but it was not collected until 1994. The regulations on the administration of the collection of mineral resources compensation fees (Decree No. 150 of the State Council) promulgated in 1994 stipulates that the mineral resources compensation fees collected by various localities in accordance with a certain proportion of sales should be timely and fully turned over to the central finance, and then shared by the central and local governments in a certain proportion at the end of the year. The specific distribution ratio is: the proportion of the central government to provinces and municipalities is 5:5; The proportion between the central government and the autonomous region is 4:6

(3) exploration right and mining right royalty. The royalty of exploration right and mining right includes the royalty of exploration right and the royalty of mining right. The royalty of exploration right refers to the royalty that the state transfers the mineral resources exploration right to the exploration right holder and collects from the exploration right holder according to the regulations. The royalty of mining right refers to the royalty that the state transfers the mining right of mineral resources to the mining right holder and collects from the mining right holder according to regulations. The royalty of exploration right and mining right is charged according to the area of the mining area. The royalty of exploration right is calculated according to the exploration year and paid year by year according to the area of the block. From the first exploration year to the third exploration year, 100 yuan per square kilometer is paid every year; From the fourth exploration year, an annual increase of 100 yuan per square kilometer, with a maximum of 500 yuan per square kilometer; The royalty of mining right is paid year by year according to the area of mining area, 1000 yuan per square kilometer per year

(4) the price of exploration right and mining right. The price of exploration right and mining right includes the price of exploration right and the price of mining right. The price of exploration right refers to the price that the state transfers the exploration right formed by its investment in exploration to the exploration right holder and collects from the exploration right holder according to the provisions; The price of mining right refers to the price that the state transfers the mining right formed by its investment in exploration to the mining right holder and collects from the mining right holder according to the regulations. The price of exploration right and mining right shall be paid in one time or by stages on the basis of the appraisal price confirmed by the administrative department of land and resources under the State Council. However, the payment period of exploration right price shall not exceed two years, and the payment period of mining right price shall not exceed six years

(5) funds and deposits established in pilot areas. In April 2004, the State Council took Shanxi Province as a pilot project of sustainable development of coal instry, approved Shanxi Province to collect coal sustainable development fund, withdraw deposit for mine environment treatment and recovery, and establish coal mine conversion development fund, aiming at promoting sustainable utilization of coal resources

(6) royalty According to the provisions on the payment of royalties for the exploitation of offshore oil resources (Order No. 1 of the Ministry of Finance) and the Interim Provisions on the payment of royalties for the Sino foreign cooperative exploitation of onshore oil resources (Order No. 3 of the Ministry of Finance), the Chinese and foreign enterprises engaged in the exploitation of offshore oil resources in accordance with the law on the continental shelf and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the people's Republic of China, and Chinese and foreign enterprises engaged in the cooperative exploitation of onshore oil resources within the territory of the people's Republic of China shall pay royalties in accordance with the provisions. After the tax system reform in 1994, those who cooperatively exploit oil and natural gas resources will still pay royalties in accordance with the original provisions, but will not pay resource tax. In addition, in 1994, the former Ministry of Geology and mineral resources made it clear in the reply to CNOOC's "letter on confirming that the compensation fees for mining offshore oil resources in China's sea areas will not be levied repeatedly" (No. 156 of the Ministry of Geology and mineral resources), Mining right holders who pay royalties for the exploitation of offshore oil resources in China's sea areas in accordance with the provisions of the "provisions on the payment of royalties for the exploitation of offshore oil resources" and the "Interim Provisions on the payment of royalties for the Sino foreign cooperative exploitation of onshore oil resources" shall not collect the compensation fees for mineral resources repeatedly

Second, the specific form of paid acquisition of exploration right and mining right should be clarified, The specific forms of paid acquisition of exploration right and mining right include the following three types:

1. Fees for the use of exploration right and mining right

the first paragraph of Article 12 of the administrative measures for the registration of mineral resources exploration blocks (order No. 240 of the State Council) stipulates: "the State implements the system of paid acquisition of exploration right. The fee for the use of exploration rights shall be calculated according to the year of exploration and paid year by year. " Article 9 of the measures for the administration of mineral resources mining registration (Order No. 241 of the State Council) stipulates that "the State shall implement the system of obtaining mining rights with compensation. The royalty of mining right shall be paid year by year according to the area of the mining area, and the standard is 1000 yuan per square kilometer per year. " In June 1999, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of land and resources jointly issued the notice on printing and distributing the administrative measures for the use fee and price of exploration right and mining right (CZZ [1999] No.74), which clearly defined the use fee of exploration right and mining right. According to the above provisions, it can be seen that since the amendment of the mineral resources law in 1996, the important manifestation of the system of paid acquisition of exploration right and mining right is that the state collects fees for the use of exploration right and mining right from the holders of exploration right and mining right

The first paragraph of Article 13 of the administrative measures for the registration of mineral resources exploration blocks stipulates: "if an applicant applies for the exploration right of a block funded by the state and whose ore procing area has been proved, the applicant for the exploration right shall pay the exploration right use fee in accordance with the provisions of article 12 of these measures, It shall also pay the price of the exploration right formed by the state funded exploration confirmed by the evaluation; In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, the price of exploration rights may be paid in one lump sum or in installments. " The first paragraph of Article 10 of the measures for the administration of mineral resources mining registration stipulates: "if an applicant applies for the mining right of the state funded exploration and has verified the origin of the mineral resources, the applicant for the mining right shall pay the mining right fee formed by the state funded exploration in addition to the mining right use fee in accordance with the provisions of Article 9 of these measures; In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, the price of mining rights may be paid in one lump sum or in installments. " In June 1999, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of land and resources jointly issued the administrative measures for the use fee and price of exploration right and mining right, which also clearly defined the price of exploration right and mining right. According to the above provisions, it can be seen that there is a strict boundary between the objects of collection of the price of exploration right and mining right, that is, the applicants who apply for the exploration right and mining right funded by the state and have proved the ore procing areas

According to the notice on printing and distributing the measures for the administration of the bidding, auction and listing of exploration and mining rights (Trial Implementation) issued by the Ministry of land and resources, after the bid winner and the bidder are determined by the way of bidding, auction and listing, the competent department shall cooperate with the bid winner and the bidder The bidder signs the transaction confirmation. The transaction confirmation shall include "the price of exploration and mining rights and the time and method of payment of the price of exploration and mining rights". Although the term "price of exploration right and mining right" is used here, which is the same as the second paid way mentioned above, the specific meaning should be different. Therefore, the author uses "price formed by transferring exploration right and mining right by means of bidding, auction and listing" to distinguish

From the above concepts, the author thinks that the differences between the two are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(1) the scope of price application is different. There is a strict scope for collecting the price of exploration right and mining right, that is, when the state transfers the "state funded exploration right or mining right that has proved the ore procing area", it can collect the price of exploration right and mining right at the same time of collecting the paid use fee of exploration right and mining right. As long as the exploration right or mining right is transferred through bidding, auction and listing, the price of exploration right or mining right should be collected. The exploration right and mining right transferred by means of bidding, auction and listing include but are not limited to the scope of "state funded exploration and proven ore procing areas"

(2) the way of price formation is different. The price of exploration right and mining right is based on the appraisal price confirmed by the administrative department of land and resources under the State Council, that is, the confirmed appraisal price. The price formed by selling exploration right and mining right through bidding, auction and listing is the transaction price. In the bidding mode, it is the bid price of the successful bidder; In the way of auction, it is the highest bidding price of bidders; In the way of listing, it is the highest offer of bidders. It should be pointed out that the transaction price must not be lower than the determined base price for bidding and auction

(3) the essence of price is different. The price of exploration right and mining right is subject to the appraisal price confirmed by the administrative department of land and resources under the State Council. The appraisal price is essentially the cost of national exploration investment, and once the appraisal price is determined, the specific amount of the price is determined; The price formed by transferring exploration right and mining right through bidding, auction and listing is the market price of exploration right and mining right. It is an agreement price voluntarily reached by both parties on the basis of the set base price. It is an important embodiment of the market allocation of mineral resources

It is an inevitable requirement for mineral resources management to vigorously promote the paid use of mineral resources and give full play to the basic role of the market in the allocation of mineral resources. In practice, some places still charge the price of the applicant's exploration right or mining right on the ground of paid use of the exploration right and mining right, even though it does not meet the conditions of "state funded exploration and proven ore procing area". As the author pointed out earlier, the conditions for collecting the price of exploration right and mining right are very clear, that is, "the state invests in exploration and has proved the origin of the ore". For the exploration right and mining right that do not meet the requirements and are obtained by application, the paid use of mineral resources can only be in the form of collecting the use fee of exploration right and mining right

6. Yes, it's time and city: Xi'an December 18 (Friday) Wuhan December 18 (Friday) Harbin December 20 Cheng December 20 (Sunday) Shanghai January 8 (Friday) Wenzhou January 10 (Sunday) Guangzhou January 15 (Friday) Hong Kong January 17 (Sunday) Beijing January 24 (Sunday) Jinan January 26 (Tuesday) Shenyang January 28 (Thursday) Chinese Taipei January 31 (Sunday)

7. There are many units. I don't know which one you want to know? If you list what you said, it's estimated that you can't finish it in three days

8. The best thing in Shandong Province is Shandong University of science and technology, which is adapted from the most traditional mining universities, followed by China University of petroleum and China Ocean University. Frankly speaking, there are only three Geological Universities in Shandong Province

9. It is said that he has one million bitcoin, which is easy to break the global market.